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CN1832274A - 低串扰和阻抗受控的电连接器 - Google Patents

低串扰和阻抗受控的电连接器 Download PDF

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CN1832274A
CN1832274A CNA2006100050913A CN200610005091A CN1832274A CN 1832274 A CN1832274 A CN 1832274A CN A2006100050913 A CNA2006100050913 A CN A2006100050913A CN 200610005091 A CN200610005091 A CN 200610005091A CN 1832274 A CN1832274 A CN 1832274A
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plug
socket
connector
medium
ground
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CN1832274B (zh
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理查德·A·埃尔克
戴维·F·福斯曼
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FCI SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
    • H01B11/12—Arrangements for exhibiting specific transmission characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/712—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures co-operating with the surface of the printed circuit or with a coupling device exclusively provided on the surface of the printed circuit
    • H01R12/716—Coupling device provided on the PCB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
    • H01R13/6461—Means for preventing cross-talk
    • H01R13/6471—Means for preventing cross-talk by special arrangement of ground and signal conductors, e.g. GSGS [Ground-Signal-Ground-Signal]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
    • H01R13/6581—Shield structure
    • H01R13/6582—Shield structure with resilient means for engaging mating connector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
    • H01R13/6591—Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/721—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures cooperating directly with the edge of the rigid printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/722—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures coupling devices mounted on the edge of the printed circuits
    • H01R12/725—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures coupling devices mounted on the edge of the printed circuits containing contact members presenting a contact carrying strip, e.g. edge-like strip
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/28—Contacts for sliding cooperation with identically-shaped contact, e.g. for hermaphroditic coupling devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/84—Hermaphroditic coupling devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S439/00—Electrical connectors
    • Y10S439/941—Crosstalk suppression
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S439/00—Electrical connectors
    • Y10S439/947—PCB mounted connector with ground terminal

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Abstract

披露一种电连接器，包括：介质基座(422)；由介质基座(422)承载的金属插针(426)；以及连接到所述金属插针(426)的焊片(452)，其中，所述金属插针(426)包括配合端(434)和与配合端(434)相对的安装端，所述金属插针(426)的安装端具有自由端，以及所述焊片(452)位于与所述金属插针(426)的所述自由端相邻。发现低串扰和受控阻抗来源于利用这种形状结构。

Description

低串扰和阻抗受控的电连接器
本发明专利申请为申请号为200410007330.X，申请日1996年6月11日，发明名称“低串扰和阻抗受控的电连接器和电缆组”的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及电连接器，更具体地，本发明涉及含控制电串扰和阻抗装置的电连接器。
背景技术
在现有技术的电连接器中，随着互连密度的加大以及触头间隔接近于0.025英寸或0.5mm，极其靠近的触头增大了触头之间强的电串扰耦合的可能性。此外，保持对触头之间电特性阻抗控制的设计变得越来越困难。在大多数互连中，成对的插头/插座触头被带空气隙的结构塑料包围，造成了接触片的机械间隙。如在Fedder的美国专利No.5,046,960中所披露的，可利用这些空气隙对成对触头的特性阻抗给以一些控制。然而，在此之前，没有利用这些空气隙以及塑料结构来控制阻抗和串扰，更重要的是，没有去控制串扰。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术的问题。
本发明的电连接器包括：介质基座；由介质基座承载的金属插针；以及连接到所述金属插针的焊片，其中，所述金属插针包括配合端和与配合端相对的安装端，所述金属插针的安装端具有自由端，以及所述焊片位于与所述金属插针的所述自由端相邻。
在本发明的连接器中有第一构件和第二构件，其中每一构件包括金属触头单元和介质基座。每一构件上的金属触头单元从介质基座的垂直方向伸出。两个金属触头单元连接在一起形成一般称之为“工字梁”形状结构。在工字梁结构下的构想是，使用成对触头边缘顶部和底部上经过结构介质到接地的强介质负载以及成对触头两侧上经过空气的较轻负载。保持受控的阻抗以及最大限度减小相邻触头之间耦合(和串扰)，通过这种方式使以上这两种不同的介质负载保持平衡。这样一来，在保持受控的阻抗以及较低的上升时间串扰积为百分之一纳秒的同时，全部互连线路能够用于传输信号。对于现有的0.05至0.025英寸间隔受控阻抗互连来说，典型的上升时间串扰积值的范围为2.5-4纳秒百分数。
本发明的工字梁结构也有利于用在电缆组中。在这种电缆组内，一个控制支承介质腹板竖直地放在两个相对的凸缘单元之间。每个凸缘单元从腹板终端竖直地向外伸出，在腹板的相对两侧有镀金属信号线。凸缘的两个相对端面涂敷金属以形成接地面。两个或多个这种电缆组可一起使用，使凸缘端面互相毗连，以及导电部分的纵轴互相平行。在整个电缆组的周围也可以放置绝缘套。
就具有本发明工字梁结构的连接器和电缆组而言，可以相信，在信地(signal-to-ground)比大于1∶1情况下，上升时间串扰积与信号密度无关。
本发明的上述技术方案使得当电连接器的触头间隔很近时不会增加串扰，从而解决了现有技术存在的问题。
附图说明
结合附图对本发明进一步加以描述，这些附图是：
图1是本发明一个优选实施例连接器的概图；
图1a是本发明另一个优选实施例连接器的概图；
图2是本发明另一个优选实施例连接器的概图；
图3是图2所示连接器的另一种概图；
图4是本发明另一个优选实施例连接器的侧视图；
图5是图4所示连接器的端视图；
图6是图4所示连接器的透视图；
图7是图4所示连接器中插座的端视图；
图8是图7所示插座的底视图；
图9是取自图7中IX-IX直线的横断面视图；
图10是图4所示本发明优选实施例中插座的端视图；
图11是图10所示插座的底视图；
图12是是取自图10中XII-XII直线的横断面视图；
图13是图10所示插座的透视图；
图14是图4所示连接器中插头与插座在插入之前的横断面视图；
图15是取自图4中XV-XV直线的横断面视图；
图16是图13中本发明另一个优选实施例连接器的横断面视图；
图17和图18是以下要描述的比较试验测试结果曲线图；
图19是本发明一个优选实施例中电缆组的透视图；
图20是图17中圆XVIII内区域的详图；
图21是本发明另一个优选实施例中电缆组的横断面视图；
图22是图17所示电缆组与插座结合使用的侧视图；
图23是取自图20中XXIII-XXIII置直线的横断面视图；
图24是本发明另一个优选实施例连接器中插头的顶视图；
图25是图24所示插头的底视图；
图26是图24所示插头的端视图；
图27是图24所示插头的侧视图；
图28是插座的顶视图，该插座可以与图24所示本发明一个优选实施例中插头配合；
图29是图28所示插座的底视图；
图30是图28所示插座的端视图；
图31是图28所示插座的侧视图；
图32是取自图24和图28中XXXII-XXXII直线的部分横断面视图，这些部分是图24和图28所示插头与插座处在未插入状态；以及
图33是取自图24和图28中XXXIII-XXXIII直线的部分横断面视图，插头与插座已处在插入状态。
具体实施方式
基本的工字梁传输结构表示在图1中。把这种传输线结构描述成工字梁是因为，一般用数字10表示的信号导体处在介电常数为ε的两个水平介质层12与14之间的竖直位置，接地面13和15对称地放在信号导体的上边缘和下边缘。导体的两侧20和22朝着介电常数为ε0的空气24。在一种连接器的应用中，该导体是由两段导体26和28构成，或端对端，或面对面衔接。介质层12和14的厚度t1和t2初步控制了传输线的特性阻抗，总高度h与介质宽度Wd的纵横比控制穿透到相邻触头的电磁场。最大限度减少A与B以外耦合的纵横比近似地等于1，如图1所示。图1中曲线30，32，34，36和38是空气—介质空间的电压等位线。取一条接近于接地面的等位线，并跟踪它指向边界A和B，可以看出，边界A和，B非常接近于地电位，这意味着边界A和B是真正的接地面，如果两个或多个工字梁组件并排放置，组件之间是真正的接地面，组件之间不存在耦合。通常，导体宽度Wc和介质厚度应该小于介质宽度或组件间隔。
给定连接器实际设计中的机械约束，信号导体(闸刀/导板触头)宽度与介质厚度的比例关系必须与最佳比例有些偏离，使相邻信号导体之间存在一些微小耦合。然而，利用基本的工字梁结构为指导的设计比普通方法有较低的串扰。参照图1a，另一个实施例表示在此图中，介质用12′和14′表示，其相应的接地面为13′和15′。在此实施例中，导体26′和28′分别从介质层12’和14′伸出，但导体26′与28′是侧到侧衔接而不是边到边衔接。一例用于0.025英寸间隔连接器的实际电路和机械工字梁设计使用8×8密耳导板26″和8×8密耳闸刀28″，当插入时，形成8×16密耳信号触头，触头的横断面表示在图2中。介质厚度t为12密耳。这种结构的电压等位线画在图3中，其中真正的地在相邻的触头位置，于是，相部触头之间存在一些耦合。
参照图2，工字梁传输结构适应于非完全匀称的多导体系统。信号导体40，42，44，46和48在两个分别安装在基座51和53上的水平介质接地面50与52之间沿垂直方向伸展，介质的介电常数为ε。多个导体的侧面为空气间隔54，56，58，60，62和64。
参照图3，图中画出另一个多导体连接器，其中平行导体66，68和70在两个水平介质接地面72与74之间沿垂直方向伸展，这两个接地面分别安装在基座73和75上。多个导体的侧面是空气间隔76，78，80和82，等位线用数字84和86表示。
电连接器
具体参照图4至图12，本发明连接器通常由数字90表示的插头和用数字92表示的插座构成。插头最好包括金属的插头外壳94，此外壳有窄的前段96和宽的后段98。前段有顶部100和后部102。宽的后段有顶部104和底部106。插头还有两个端面108和110。在前段和后段的顶部有纵向槽112，114，116，118，和119。在这些槽上有开孔120，122，124，126和128。类似地，在前段和后段的底部有纵向槽129，每个槽有开孔130。在顶部还有横向槽132，在底部有类似的底部横向槽134。插头还有后支座136和138。具体参照图9，可以看出，插头包含介质单元140，该单元有后向上伸出物142和后向下伸出物144以及主要的向前伸出物146和次要的向前伸出物148。外壳还包括相对放置的向下伸出突出物150和向上伸出突出物152，此两个突出物有助于介质固定。在插头顶部的纵向槽内有顶部轴向接地弹簧154，156，158，160和162。在横向槽内也有顶部横向接地弹簧164。这个横向接地弹簧借助接地弹簧紧固件166，168，170和172固定在外壳上。在纵向接地弹簧的向后终端有顶部接地触头176，178，180，182和184。类似地在插头底部的槽内有底部纵向接地弹簧186，188，190，192和194。在底部横向槽内有如同顶部横向接地弹簧的底部横向接地弹簧196，此弹簧借助接地弹簧紧固件198，200，202，204和206固定在外壳上。在接地弹簧的向后终端有底部接地触头208，210，214和216。插头还包括一般用数字218表示的金属接触部分，它包括前隐藏段220，中间接触段220和后信号插针224。相邻的信号插针用226表示。其他的信号插针画在如图7中的228，230，232，234和236。这些插针穿过介质中的缝隙238，240，242，244，246，248和250。介质被伸出金属外壳的锁252，254，256和258原地锁住。再具体参照图9，插头包括插头前开孔260以及插头的上内壁和下内壁262和264。从图9也可以看出，接地弹簧的凸部266和268穿过纵向槽内的开孔。具体参照图10至图12，可以看出，插座最好包括金属的插座外壳270，它有一窄的前部272和一较宽的后部274。前部有顶边276和底边278，后部有顶边280和底边282。插座还有相对的两个端面284和286。在插座的顶部有纵向槽288，290和292。类似地，在底部有纵向槽294，296和298。在顶部也有开孔300，302和304。在底部有几个开孔306，308和310。插座还包括后支座312和314。具体参照图12，插座包含一般用数字316表示的介质单元，该单元有后向上伸出物318，后向下伸出物320，主要的向前伸出物322和次要的向前伸出物324。介质的固定借助向下外壳突出物326和上向外壳内部突出物328与后保持板330。在每一开孔内有连接顶部接地柱334的接地弹簧332。另外的顶部接地柱336和338也用类似的方法固定。底部接地弹簧340连接到接地柱342，其他的接地柱344和346固定到相邻的类似接地弹簧。具体参照图12，插座也包括通常用数字348表示的金属接触部分，它有前端隐藏部分350，中间接触部分352和后向的信号插针354。相邻的信号插针用356表示。这些插针通过缝隙358和360向后伸出。介质还被介质锁362和364固定在外壳内，插座还包括前开孔365和外壳内表面366。具体参照图13，这个插座的透视图更详细地画出金属接触部分350的结构，展示出多个交替的纵向脊367和纵向槽368，插座的金属接触部分218上类似的结构与这些脊和槽啮合。
具体参照图14和图15，此二图分别表示插头与插座处在未插入和插入的状态。可以观察到，插头介质部分主要的向前伸出物146与插座介质部分次要的向前伸出物首尾相接。插座介质部分主要的向前伸出伸物与插头介质部分次要的向前伸出物首尾相接。也可以观察到，插头的金属接触单元上末端凹口与插座的金属接触单元并排对接。插座的金属接触单元末端凹口与插头的金属接触单元并排对接。接线外壳的前端与插头内壁搭合。插头的接地弹簧与插座的规定前侧壁衔接并有电路连通。可以注意到，当插头外壳与插座外壳在轴向啮合时，在图15所示的连接器中，插头金属接触单元和插座金属接触单元分别从插头介质单元和插座介质单元沿轴向向内伸出并互相搭合。也可以注意到，插头介质单元和插座介质单元分别从插头金属接触单元和插座金属接触单元沿轴向向外伸出。
参照图16，可以看出，本发明另一个实施例的连接器一般包括通常用数字590表示的插头和通常用数字592表示的插座。插头包括插头外壳594，还有插头接地接触单元596，插头接地弹簧598，插头信号插针600和602，接头接触单元606以及介质嵌入物608。插座包括插座外壳610，插座接地接触单元612，插座接地弹簧614和插座接触单元616。还提供了对准框架618以及插座信号插针620和622。可以理解，这种配置也具有上述同样的工字梁结构。
比较试验
按照上述第一个实施例中0.05″间隔按比例放大模型的连接器，在上升时间为351sec条件下测得的近端(NEXT)和远端(FEXT)串扰表示在图17中，在NEXT波形中约7％的波谷是来自连接器工字梁段的近端串扰。波谷之前和之后的波峰来自连接器输入段和输出段的串扰，由于机械制约，其中工字梁结构不能维持。
在上升时间大于通过连接器的连接器两倍延迟的范围内串扰性能相对于其他的连接器系统而言，最好用测得的上升时间串扰积(纳秒百分数)与信号密度(信号/英寸)的曲线图来说明。不同的信号密度对应于连接器中不同的信地比连接。图18中画出三种信地比，1∶1，2∶1，全部信号情况下，测得的0.05″间隔按比例放大模型工字梁连接器中上升时间串扰积。由于按比例放大模型的串扰是0.025英寸设计的串扰两倍，可以容易地推算出0.025英寸间隔单排设计的性能，信号密度为两倍，串扰为放大模型的1/2。对于双排设计，信号密度为放大模型的四倍，串扰仍为其1/2。图18中也画出单排或双排0.025英寸间隔连接器推算出的性能，以及在此图中与此对比的几个普通连接器性能。0.025英寸间隔工字梁连接器在全部信号情况下的上升时间串扰积为0.75，且远小于各个高信地比下其他互连的上升时间串扰积。具体参照图18中0.05英寸间隔模型的曲线，可以看出，上升时间串扰积在信地比大于1∶1情况下与信号密度无关。
电缆组
参照图19和图20，可以看出，本发明连接器获得的有益结果也可以在电缆组中得到，就是说，介质也可以挤压成工字梁形状，导体可放在工字梁的腹板和水平凸缘上，以获得上述的低串扰。工字梁介质挤压件用数字369和370表示。每一介质伸出物有腹板371，它放在两个凸缘372与373上下边之间的垂直方向位置。凸缘有面朝内的内表面和面朝外的外表面，这内外表面分别有金属化的上接地面部分374和376以及金属化的下接地面部分378和380。腹板在其侧面也有导电层，工字梁伸出物370有竖直信号线382和384，工字梁伸出物374有竖直信号线386和388。这些竖直信号线和接地面部分最好是金属制品，如金属带。可以理解，每个伸出物上那对竖直金属部分构成一信号线，与控制阻抗和串扰有关的工字梁结构性质同以上讨论本发明连接器的大致相同。具体参照图20，可以看出，工字梁伸出物上有联锁台阶390和392，以保证电缆组中每个工字梁单元对齐。参照图21，一般用数字394，396和398表示的工字梁单元如上所述是金属化的，可以隐藏在一般用数字400表示的薄片弹性绝缘外套内。因为工字梁单元有规则的排列成共线阵列，除了在插入端口去掉薄片外套以外，工字梁电缆组能够直接插入插座而不需要任何电缆夹具。插座可以有接触导板，它与构成接地金属和信号金属的闸刀配合。具体参照图23，可以看出，一般用数字402表示的插座有信号接触单元404和406，它们分别与工字梁单元412和414的竖直部分搭合。参照图22，插座还包括接地接触单元412和414，它们分别与金属化的上接地面部分416和418接触。可以相信，上述电缆组的上升时间串扰积在信地比大于1∶1情况下与信号密度无关。
球栅阵列连接器
此处描述的工字梁结构中介质单元和导体单元的布置也适用于球栅阵列型电连接器。用于这种连接器的插头画在图24至图27中。参照这些附图，插头一般用数字420表示。此插头包括介质基座422，介质外壁424，金属信号插针426，428，430，432，434，它们排列成多排，并从基座垂直向上伸出。纵向伸出的金属接地单元或功率单元436，438，440，442，444和446位于信号插针各排之间，并从基座垂直向上伸出。插头还包括对准安装插针448和450，插头在其底部还有多排导电焊片452和454。
参照图28至图31，与插头420相配合的插座一般用数字456表示。此插座包括介质基座458，周边凹口460和多排金属插针的插口462，464，466，468和470。金属接地单元或功率单元的插口472，474，476，478，480和482位于多排插针的插口之间。插座在其底部有对准安装插针484和486。
可以理解，由于有了工字梁形状结构的所述电连接器能够有低的串扰和受控阻抗。
也可以理解，由于有了同样形状结构的所述电缆能够有低的串扰和受控阻抗。
虽然本发明是结合带各种附图的优选实施例给以描述的，但是应当明白，可以利用类似的实施例，或对上述实施例提出修正和补充，以完成本发明的相同作用而不偏离本发明。

Claims (7)

1.一种电连接器，包括：
介质基座(422)；
由介质基座(422)承载的金属插针(426)；以及
连接到所述金属插针(426)的焊片(452)，
其特征在于，所述金属插针(426)包括配合端(434)和与配合端(434)相对的安装端，所述金属插针(426)的安装端具有自由端，以及所述焊片(452)位于与所述金属插针(426)的所述自由端相邻。
2.按照权利要求1的电连接器，其中，所述金属插针(426)的安装端相对于所述金属插针(426)的所述配合端(434)呈一个角度弯曲。
3.按照权利要求1的电连接器，其中，所述焊片(452)与所述介质基座(422)分隔开。
4.按照权利要求1的电连接器，其中，所述焊片(452)是焊球。
5.按照权利要求1的电连接器，其中，所述焊片延伸超出所述介质基座(422)。
6.按照权利要求1的电连接器，其中，所述金属插针(426)的配合端(434)延伸超出所述介质基座(422)。
7.按照权利要求1的电连接器，其中，所述金属插针(426)的自由端与所述介质基座(422)分隔开。
CN2006100050913A 1995-06-12 1996-06-11 低串扰和阻抗受控的电连接器 Expired - Lifetime CN1832274B (zh)

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