CN1801752A - High Speed Distributed Cable Broadband System - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明有关于一种有线宽频系统(Cable Broadband System),更特别是有关于一种利用使用于无线区域网路(WLAN)中的无线网路基地台(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(client device)的高速分散有线宽频系统(High Speed Distributed Cable Broadband System)。The present invention relates to a cable broadband system (Cable Broadband System), and more particularly relates to a wireless network base station (Access Point: AP) and a client device ( client device) high-speed distributed cable broadband system (High Speed Distributed Cable Broadband System).
背景技术Background technique
一般而言,典型的有线网路系统提供宽频网路服务,该系统包括一具有电缆数据机终端系统(Cable Modem Termination System:CMTS)的头端部分(headend unit)与具有数据机(cable modem)的用户端装置(customer premise devices),如图1所示。上述电缆数据机终端系统(Cable Modem Termination System:CMTS)与数据机(cable modem)是根据电缆数据服务介面规范(Data Over Cable Service InterfaceSpecification:DOCSIS)的标准而应用。从电缆数据机终端系统(CableModem Termination System:CMTS)下传资料至用户端是利用超过900MHz的较高频带,而从用户端上传资料至电缆数据机终端系统(CableModem Termination System:CMTS)则利用频道(frequency channels)的较低频带。典型的下传与上传的频宽分别是27Mbps与500Kbps至10Mbps,端视服务层级协议而定。一般是由500至2000位的主动用户分享一个有线网路区段(segment)的下传与上传的频宽。Generally speaking, a typical cable network system provides broadband network services, the system includes a headend unit with a cable modem termination system (Cable Modem Termination System: CMTS) and a cable modem The customer premise devices (customer premise devices) are shown in FIG. 1 . The above cable modem termination system (Cable Modem Termination System: CMTS) and modem (cable modem) are applied according to the standard of the cable data service interface specification (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification: DOCSIS). Downloading data from the cable modem termination system (CableModem Termination System: CMTS) to the user end uses a higher frequency band exceeding 900MHz, while uploading data from the user end to the cable modem termination system (CableModem Termination System: CMTS) uses The lower frequency band of frequency channels. Typical download and upload bandwidths are 27Mbps and 500Kbps to 10Mbps respectively, depending on the service level agreement. Generally, 500 to 2000 active users share the download and upload bandwidth of a wired network segment.
请参考图1,其是为一传统的有线电视网路系统的示意图。上述有线头端设备100包括背板(backplane)101电性连接一网际网路102。背板101通常包含印刷电路板所构成,目的在于提供一电子系统中控制卡的连接,上述控制卡例如是显示卡、音效卡、网路卡等等。另外,背板101也可以设计成具有光纤通道(fiber channel)的规格以与具有光纤传输的网际网路102沟通。接收器(receiver)103电性连接上述背板101以接收电视广播信号(TV Broadcasting)104。而发射器(transmitter)模组105电性连接上述背板101,其中发射器模组105是用于发射该电视广播信号104。电缆数据机终端系统(Cable Modem Termination System:CMTS)106是透过有线网路107与用户端(customer premise)108连接。另外,视讯压缩标准(MPEG)模组109电性连接上述背板101。视讯压缩标准(MPEG)模组109通常包括视讯压缩标准编码器(MPEG encoder)与一视讯压缩标准解码器(MPEG decoder)。网路伺服器110电性连接背板101,该网路伺服器110可以透过该背板101与网际网路102沟通。再者,视讯伺服器111电性连接背板101,使得该视讯伺服器111可以透过背板101以处理接收到的电视广播信号104。统计多工器(StatMux)112电性连接背板101,其中统计多工器(StatMux)112可以使资料的流通最佳化。而上述用户端108包括一机上盒(Set top Box)113与一数据机(Cable Modem)114。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a traditional cable TV network system. The
此外,由于无线区域网路(WLAN)系统的快速成长与其相关技术的发展,使得无线区域网路(WLAN)系统的效能在最近几年快速地提升,然而无线区域网路(WLAN)系统的价格依然保持一个良好的经济价值。除了在小型办公室与家庭式办公室(SOHO)区域方面成功的外,无线区域网路(WLAN)更进一步的应用在不同的无线环境,例如:公共通讯设施、监视系统、声音服务与视讯服务。尤其特别的是,由于上述装置的价格低、不同的功能以及高的效能,使得无线区域网路(WLAN)系统首次地应用在有线电视网路系统。In addition, due to the rapid growth of wireless local area network (WLAN) systems and the development of related technologies, the performance of wireless local area network (WLAN) systems has been rapidly improved in recent years. However, the price of wireless local area network (WLAN) systems Still maintain a good economic value. In addition to being successful in Small Office and Home Office (SOHO) areas, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is further applied in different wireless environments, such as: public communication facilities, surveillance systems, voice services and video services. In particular, due to the low price, various functions and high performance of the above-mentioned devices, the wireless local area network (WLAN) system is first applied to the cable television network system.
基于上述理由以及因应趋势的需求,本发明将提出一种应用于有线电视的宽频系统。Based on the above reasons and in response to the demand of the trend, the present invention proposes a broadband system applied to cable TV.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于利用一种使用于无线区域网路(WLAN)中的撷取器(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(client device)的高速分散有线宽频系统(High Speed Distributed Cable Broadband System)。本发明的系统是应用使用于无线区域网路(WLAN)中的撷取器(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(client device)分别取代传统的有线宽频网路系统的电缆数据机终端系统(Cable Modem Termination System:CMTS)与数据机(cable modem)。The purpose of the present invention is to utilize a high-speed distributed cable broadband system (High Speed Distributed Cable Broadband System) used in a wireless local area network (WLAN) for an access point (Access Point: AP) and a client device (client device). . The system of the present invention is to apply the access point (Access Point: AP) and the client device (client device) used in the wireless local area network (WLAN) to replace the cable modem terminal system of the traditional wired broadband network system ( Cable Modem Termination System: CMTS) and modem (cable modem).
本发明的另一目的为提供一种利用无线区域网路的高速分散有线宽频系统的公共建设系统(infrastructure)。Another object of the present invention is to provide a public construction system (infrastructure) utilizing a high-speed distributed wired broadband system of a wireless local area network.
本发明的再一目的为提供一种传播损耗量低的高速分散有线宽频系统。Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed distributed cable broadband system with low propagation loss.
本发明的又一目的为提供一种传播范围广的高速分散有线宽频系统。Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed distributed cable broadband system with a wide propagation range.
本发明的无线电信号(radio signals)是透过整个有线网路传播,而使得撷取器(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(client device)连接(links)。虽然部分无线信号经由同轴电缆传播而损耗,不过透过有线电缆的传播所损耗的数量比在装置天线所辐射而透过无线环境中所传播的损耗量来的低许多。因此,在有线网路系统中,上述信号透过网路所可以达到的范围将比透过无线环境而达到的范围来的大。The radio signals (radio signals) of the present invention propagate through the entire wired network, so that the access point (AP) and the client device (client device) are connected (links). Although part of the wireless signal is lost traveling through the coaxial cable, the amount lost traveling through the wired cable is much lower than the amount lost traveling through the wireless environment as it radiates from the device antenna. Therefore, in a wired network system, the range that the above-mentioned signals can reach through the network will be larger than the range that can be reached through the wireless environment.
本发明的高速分散有线宽频系统,包括:头端设备,具有第一网路桥接器;第二网路桥接器,透过有线网路连接上述第一网路桥接器;以及,用户端,透过上述有线网路连接第二网路桥接器;其中上述用户端以及第一网路桥接器是透过一相同的通信协定与该第二网路桥接器互相沟通。The high-speed decentralized wired broadband system of the present invention includes: a head-end device having a first network bridge; a second network bridge connected to the above-mentioned first network bridge through a wired network; The second network bridge is connected through the above-mentioned wired network; wherein the above-mentioned client and the first network bridge communicate with the second network bridge through a same communication protocol.
上述头端设备还包括:The above-mentioned head-end equipment also includes:
背板(backplane),电性连接一网际网路;a backplane (backplane), electrically connected to an Internet;
接收器,电性连接上述背板,该接收器是用于接收电视广播信号;A receiver, electrically connected to the above-mentioned backplane, the receiver is used to receive TV broadcast signals;
发射器模组,电性连接上述背板与第二网路桥接器,该发射器模组是用于发射上述电视广播信号;A transmitter module is electrically connected to the above-mentioned backplane and the second network bridge, and the transmitter module is used to transmit the above-mentioned TV broadcast signal;
视讯压缩标准(MPEG)模组,电性连接上述背板;A video compression standard (MPEG) module, electrically connected to the above-mentioned backplane;
视讯伺服器,电性连接上述背板,该视讯伺服器可以透过该背板以处理上述电视广播信号;A video server is electrically connected to the backplane, and the video server can process the TV broadcast signal through the backplane;
网路伺服器,电性连接上述背板,该网路伺服器可以透过该背板与上述网际网路沟通;以及a web server electrically connected to the backplane, the web server can communicate with the internet through the backplane; and
统计多工器,电性连接上述背板。A statistical multiplexer is electrically connected to the backplane.
上述第一以及第二网路桥接器包括撷取器(AP)、桥接器(Bridge)或路由器(Router)。上述发射器模组包括一发射器(transmitter)与一调变器(modulator)。视讯压缩标准(MPEG)模组包括一视讯压缩标准编码器(MPEG encoder)与一视讯压缩标准解码器(MPEG decoder)。用户端包括一机上盒(Set top Box)与一用户装置(Client Device),上述用户装置(Client Device)为一个人电脑,上数机上盒(Set top Box)连接该个人电脑。The above-mentioned first and second network bridges include an access device (AP), a bridge (Bridge) or a router (Router). The transmitter module includes a transmitter and a modulator. The MPEG module includes an MPEG encoder and an MPEG decoder. The client includes a set top box (Set top Box) and a client device (Client Device). The above client device (Client Device) is a personal computer, and the set top box (Set top Box) is connected to the personal computer.
基于本发明精神,本发明提出一种高速分散有线宽频系统,包括:至少一用户端透过有线网路连接撷取器(AP);以及,数据机,透过上述有线网路连接撷取器AP),该数据机电性连接一网际网路;其中上述用户端以及撷取器(AP)是透过一通信协定互相沟通。上述数据机包括一宽频数据机或数据专线(Leased-lines)。Based on the spirit of the present invention, the present invention proposes a high-speed decentralized wired broadband system, including: at least one client connected to the AP through the wired network; and a modem connected to the AP through the wired network AP), the data is electromechanically connected to an Internet; wherein the above-mentioned client and the access device (AP) communicate with each other through a communication protocol. The above-mentioned modem includes a broadband modem or Leased-lines.
一种高速分散有线宽频系统,包括:第一用户端;第二用户端,具有一短距无线传输模组发射或接收无线信号;以及,撷取器(AP),透过有线网路连接上述第一与第二用户端,该撷取器(AP)连接一网际网路;其中上述第一用户端、第二用户端以及撷取器(AP)是透过一通信协定互相沟通。A high-speed distributed wired broadband system, including: a first user end; a second user end, which has a short-distance wireless transmission module to transmit or receive wireless signals; and an access device (AP), connected to the above-mentioned through a wired network The first and second clients, the access device (AP) is connected to an Internet; wherein the first client, the second client and the access device (AP) communicate with each other through a communication protocol.
上述短距无线传输模组发射该无线信号以利于外部用户的第二短距无线传输模组接收,或接收该第二短距无线传输模组发射的一无线信号。上述外部用户是透过一通信协定与该第二用户端互相沟通。The above-mentioned short-distance wireless transmission module transmits the wireless signal to facilitate reception by the second short-distance wireless transmission module of an external user, or receives a wireless signal transmitted by the second short-distance wireless transmission module. The above-mentioned external user communicates with the second client through a communication protocol.
一种有线网路系统,包括:至少一用户端以及撷取器(AP),上述用户端包含一短距无线传输模组,而撷取器透过有线网路连接上述用户端且该撷取器(AP)连接一网际网路;其中上述用户端与撷取器(AP)是透过一通信协定互相沟通。A wired network system, comprising: at least one user end and an access device (AP), the above user end includes a short-distance wireless transmission module, and the access device is connected to the above user end through a wired network and the access The device (AP) is connected to an Internet; wherein the above-mentioned client and the access device (AP) communicate with each other through a communication protocol.
一种有线网路系统,包括:至少一用户端群组;撷取器(AP),透过有线网路连接上述用户端群组;闸道器(gateway),连接上述撷取器(AP),该闸道器连接一区域网路;以及安全伺服器,透过上述闸道器与该撷取器(AP)互相沟通;其中上述用户端群组与该撷取器(AP)是透过一通信协定互相沟通;其中不同的该用户端群组可以藉由从该撷取器(AP)中传输不同的密钥(Encryption Key)以利资讯保护与彼此隔绝。上述区域网路包括广域网路(WAN)、都会区域网路(MAN)或局部区域网路(LAN)。上述的有线网路系统还包括一开关连接上述撷取器(AP)与该闸道器。A wired network system, comprising: at least one client group; an access device (AP), connected to the client group through a wired network; a gateway, connected to the aforementioned access device (AP) , the gateway is connected to a local area network; and a security server communicates with the access device (AP) through the gateway; wherein the client group and the access device (AP) are communicated through A communication protocol communicates with each other; the different client groups can transmit different encryption keys from the AP to facilitate information protection and isolation from each other. The above-mentioned area network includes a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN) or a local area network (LAN). The above-mentioned wired network system further includes a switch connecting the above-mentioned access device (AP) and the gateway.
本发明的撷取器(AP)与用户端(client devices)之间的联系(links)是透过一先行序列(preamble sequences)以调整传输功率、接收器敏感性(receiver sensitivity)、频道均等(channel equalization)与频道选择以及同步化收发器(synchronize transceivers)。The links between the AP and the client devices of the present invention are through a preamble sequence to adjust transmission power, receiver sensitivity, channel equalization ( channel equalization) and channel selection and synchronize transceivers (synchronize transceivers).
上述通信协定包括802.11、802.11a、802.11b、802.11g、802.11i或802.1x。The aforementioned communication protocols include 802.11, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11i or 802.1x.
附图说明Description of drawings
由以下详细的描述结合附图,将可轻易的了解上述内容及此项发明的诸多优点,其中:From the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above contents and many advantages of the present invention can be easily understood, wherein:
图1显示为一传统的有线电视网路系统的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a traditional cable TV network system.
图2显示为一无线区域网路系统的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a WLAN system.
图3显示为一具有无线桥接器的二个用户端群的无线区域网路系统的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a WLAN system with two UE groups having a wireless bridge.
图4显示为一无线网路基地台(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(client device)连接的有线电视网路系统的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cable television network system in which a wireless network base station (Access Point: AP) is connected to a client device (client device).
图5显示为一不同的同轴电缆相对有线频率于每一百公尺长度的传输损耗的图表。Fig. 5 is a graph showing the transmission loss of different coaxial cables with respect to the cable frequency per 100 meters of length.
图6显示为一RG-58同轴电缆于2.4GHz无线信号传输于每一百公尺的前与后的图示。Fig. 6 is a graph showing the front and back of every 100 meters of a RG-58 coaxial cable transmitting a 2.4 GHz wireless signal.
图7显示为一无线网路基地台(AP)与用户端之间互相传送先行序列(preamble sequences)的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of transmitting preamble sequences between a wireless network base station (AP) and a user terminal.
图8显示为一高速分散有线宽频系统的安全性与网路管理系统的示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a security and network management system of a high-speed distributed cable broadband system.
图9显示为一具有有线头端设备与用户端的大型有线操作系统的示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a large-scale cable operating system with cable head-end equipment and client terminals.
图10显示为一应用于有线电视网路系统的小或中型高速分散有线宽频系统的示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a small or medium-sized high-speed distributed cable broadband system applied to a cable TV network system.
图11显示为一具有无线网路基地台(AP)以提供无线连接用户端的高速分散有线宽频系统的示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed distributed wired broadband system with a wireless network access point (AP) to provide wireless connection to the user end.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的系统是应用使用于无线区域网路(WLAN)中的撷取器(AccessPoint:AP)与用户端装置(client device)分别取代传统的有线宽频网路系统的电缆数据机终端系统(Cable Modem Termination System:CMTS)与数据机(cable modem)。换言之,本发明提供一高速分散有线宽频系统,该系统可提供有线宽频服务于现存的有线电视网路系统(cable TVnetwork system)。上述的撷取器亦称作接取器或接入口装置,其是指提供短距无线传输装置(如电脑或手机)连接网路的连接设备。The system of the present invention is to apply the access point (AccessPoint: AP) and the client device (client device) used in the wireless local area network (WLAN) to replace the cable modem terminal system (Cable) of the traditional wired broadband network system respectively. Modem Termination System: CMTS) and modem (cable modem). In other words, the present invention provides a high-speed distributed cable broadband system, which can provide cable broadband services to the existing cable TV network system. The above-mentioned access device is also called an access device or an access device, which refers to a connection device that provides a short-distance wireless transmission device (such as a computer or a mobile phone) to connect to the network.
本发明的无线电信号(radio signals)是透过整个有线网路传播,而使得撷取器或称接取器(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(clientdevice)连接(links)。虽然有一些无线电信号经由同轴电缆(co-axialcable)传播而损耗,不过透过有线电缆的传播所损耗的程度远比在透过无线环境中传播的损耗量来的低许多。因此,相较于无线环境,本系统透过有线网路系统,使得上述信号透过本系统所可以达到的范围将比透过无线环境而达到的更远的范围。此外,撷取器(Access Point:AP)与用户端装置(client device)之间的通信协定包括但不限定于802.11、802.11a、802.11b、802.11g、802.11i或802.1x等通信规格。The radio signals (radio signals) of the present invention propagate through the entire wired network, so that the access point (Access Point: AP) and the client device (client device) are connected (links). Although there is some loss in radio signal propagation through co-axial cables, the degree of loss in propagation through wired cables is much lower than that in wireless environments. Therefore, compared with the wireless environment, the system uses the wired network system, so that the range that the above-mentioned signals can reach through the system will be farther than that achieved through the wireless environment. In addition, the communication protocol between the access point (AP) and the client device (client device) includes but not limited to communication specifications such as 802.11, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11i or 802.1x.
请参考图2,其是为一无线区域网路系统的示意图。其中在信号覆盖范围中的用户端(client device)122可以透过其中的短距无线传输模组123与撷取器(Access Point:AP)120中的短距无线传输模组121作无线的沟通。上述撷取器120可以连接网际网路(internal)124,例如乙太网络(Ethernet),以作为用户端122进入网际网路(internal)124的入口点。换言之,上述用户端122经由撷取器120可以透过网际网路(internal)124传输或接收资料(data)。撷取器以及用户端输出是采用阻抗匹配的缆线连接器(cabal connector)。本发明高速分散有线宽频系统(Hi-SD CBS)中的802.11无线区域网路(WLAN)撷取点与客户端将扮演传统有线宽频电视网路中电缆数据机终端系统(Cable Modem Termination System:CMTS)与有线数据机的功能。请参考图3,其是为一具有无线桥接器或撷取器的复数用户端群组的无线区域网路系统的示意图。在第一用户端群组中,在信号覆盖范围中的用户端(client device)132可以透过其中的短距无线传输模组133与无线桥接器或撷取器130中的短距无线传输模组131作无线的沟通或资料传输。同理,在第二用户端群组中,在信号覆盖范围中的用户端(client device)139可以透过其中的短距无线传输模组140与无线桥接器或撷取器137中的短距无线传输模组138作无线传输资讯。再者,无线桥接器130以及无线桥接器137可以分别透过其中的短距无线传输模组131以及短距无线传输模组138与无线桥接器134中的短距无线传输模组135作无线的资料传输。举一实施例而言,上述无线桥接器130、134与137包括撷取器(AP)、桥接器(Bridge)或路由器(Router)。上述无线桥接器134可以连接网际网路(internal)136,例如乙太网络(Ethernet),以作为上述第一、第二用户端群组中的各个用户端132、139连结网际网路(internal)136的入口点。换言之,上述用户端132、139可以分别经由无线桥接器或撷取器130、137而透过网际网路(internal)136传输或接收资料(data)。Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of a WLAN system. The client device (client device) 122 in the signal coverage area can communicate wirelessly with the short-distance
请参考图4,其是为一撷取器与用户端装置(client device)连接的有线电视网路系统的示意图。其中用户端(client device)141透过有线电视网路142的节点(nodes)144与撷取器143连接,上述节点142为一示例。上述撷取器143可以连接网际网路(internet)145,例如乙太网络(Ethernet),以作为用户端141进入网际网路145的入口点。换言之,上述用户端141经由撷取器143可以透过网际网路145传输或接收资料(data)。此外,用户端141也可以透过有线电视网路142接收经由网际网路145所传输的视讯资料。换言之,撷取器143与用户端141的无线电信号(radio signals)是透过有线网路系统来传播。在此,有线电缆的作用相当于是沿着有线传播方向传输的具有超高增益(gains)的延伸天线(extended antennas)。Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of a cable TV network system in which a picker is connected to a client device. Wherein, the
请参考图5,其是为一不同的同轴电缆相对有线频率于一百公尺长度的传输损耗的图表。传输的耗损于固定百米的缆线中,其耗损程度随着传输频率而增加。由于经由同轴电缆网路系统传播而损耗的无线电信号比透过无线环境中所传播的损耗量来的低许多,使得在有线网路系统中,相较于一发射器透过无线环境辐射无线信号,一发射器沿着同轴电缆传播到一指定的接收器的传输距离,比一发射器透过无线环境辐射无线信号到一指定的接收器的传输距离所可以达到的范围来的大。在有线网路系统中,提供给无线电信号传输的同轴电缆可以被视为内连接终端装置(termination device)与用户端装置(customer premise devices)的具有超高增益(gains)的延伸天线(extended antennas)。在此情形的下,沿着电缆传播方向的天线具有十分高的增益。典型的信号传播损耗,在不同的频率与电缆线于一百公尺长度的传输损耗,显示于图5之中。其中分别应用于802.11b/g与802.11a的频带2.4GHz~2.48GHz与4.9GHz~5.9GHz可以在有线网路中传播较长远的距离。随着自动增益控制(AGC)与高接收敏感性,提供给802.11无线区域网路(WLAN)接收器的信号动态范围可达70dB。这意谓着,在复杂的有线网路系统中,802.11的收发器可以适应更宽广范围的无线信号强度。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a graph of the transmission loss of a different coaxial cable with respect to the cable frequency at a length of 100 meters. The loss of transmission is in a fixed 100-meter cable, and the degree of loss increases with the transmission frequency. Since the loss of radio signals transmitted through a coaxial cable network system is much lower than that transmitted through a wireless environment, in a wired network system, compared to a transmitter radiating wireless signals through a wireless environment, A signal that travels a distance from a transmitter to a designated receiver along a coaxial cable that is greater than the distance a transmitter can radiate wireless signals through a wireless environment to a designated receiver. In the wired network system, the coaxial cable provided for radio signal transmission can be regarded as an extended antenna (extended antennas). In this case, the antenna along the propagation direction of the cable has a very high gain. Typical signal propagation losses, at different frequencies and transmission losses of cables with a length of 100 meters, are shown in Fig. 5. Among them, the frequency bands 2.4GHz~2.48GHz and 4.9GHz~5.9GHz respectively applied to 802.11b/g and 802.11a can transmit a relatively long distance in the wired network. With Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and high receive sensitivity, the signal dynamic range provided to 802.11 wireless area network (WLAN) receivers can reach 70dB. This means that in complex wired network systems, 802.11 transceivers can adapt to a wider range of wireless signal strengths.
请参考图6,其是为一RG-58同轴电缆于2.4GHz无线电信号传输于一百公尺缆线的通过同轴电缆前与后的信号强度图示。上述2.4GHz无线电信号的传输是透过用于有线电视网路中的一典型的同轴电缆。由于无线电信号在有线网路系统中比在复杂的无线环境中稳定,在有线网路系统中所产生的相关的干扰与多重路径(multi-paths)问题较不严重并且容易控制。因此,网路系统的规划在有线的系统中是比较容易达成。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a graphical representation of the signal strength of an RG-58 coaxial cable before and after passing through the coaxial cable when a 2.4GHz radio signal is transmitted in a 100-meter cable. The transmission of the 2.4 GHz radio signal is through a typical coaxial cable used in a cable television network. Since radio signals are more stable in wired network systems than in complex wireless environments, the related interference and multi-paths problems in wired network systems are less serious and easier to control. Therefore, the planning of the network system is easier to achieve in the wired system.
请参考图8,其是为一高速分散式有线宽频系统的安全性与网路管理系统的示意图。撷取器(AP)与用户端之间的安全性是藉由提供一密钥(encryption key)至一用户端群组(logistic client users)或单一使用者。另外,透过安装一网路管理软体可以控制每一个别的使用者,并根据存取权限(access privilege)、优先次序与资料流来确保服务品质。不同的使用群的中的用户端800、802、804与806可以由从撷取器(AP)808中分别送出不同的密钥(Encryption Key)801、803、805与807以确保传输安全与彼此隔绝。上述用户端800、802、804与806是透过一有线电视网路809与撷取器(AP)808沟通。上述撷取器(AP)808可以通过一些信息以及接收从闸道器(gateway)811或安全伺服器812而来的指令(instructions),如图8所示。再者,一开关810可以连接上述撷取器(AP)808与闸道器811,以控制上述撷取(AP)808与闸道器811或安全伺服器812之间的资料流通。上述安全伺服器812的功能可以包括确认(authentication)、授权(authorization)与结帐(accounting)等。此外,上述闸道器811连接一区域网路813,举一实施例而言,该区域网路包括广域网路(WAN)、都会区域网路(MAN)或局部区域网路(LAN)。Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a schematic diagram of a security and network management system of a high-speed distributed wired broadband system. Security between the AP and the client is provided by providing an encryption key to a logistic client group or a single user. In addition, by installing a network management software, each individual user can be controlled, and service quality can be ensured according to access privilege, priority and data flow.
上述用户端800、802、804、806与撷取器(AP)808是透过一通信协定互相沟通。此外,为了安全性,用于无线区域网路中的802.1x与802.11i通信协定不需要作重大的修正即可应用于本发明。The
请参考图9,其是为一具有头端设备(cable headend)与用户端的大型有线操作系统的示意图。举一实施例而言,网路桥接器901包括撷取器(AP)、桥接器(Bridge)或路由器(Router)。而头端设备900还包括背板(backplane)902电性连接一网际网路903。背板902通常是包含印刷电路板所构成,目的在于提供一电子系统中控制卡的连接,上述控制卡例如是显示卡、音效卡、网路卡等等。另外,背板902也可以设计成具有光纤通道(fiber channel)的规格以与具有光纤传输的网际网路903沟通。接收器(receiver)904电性连接上述背板902以接收电视广播信号(TV Broadcasting)905。而发射器(transmitter)模组906电性连接上述背板902与网路桥接器907,其中发射器模组906是用于发射该电视广播信号905。上述网路桥接器907是透过有线网路908与用户端909连接,并且网路桥接器907的其它接口(ports)也可以其它光纤骨架(optical fiberbackbone)或卫星连接(satellite link)。举一实施例而言,上述网路桥接器909包括撷取器(AP)或桥接器(Bridge)。上述网路桥接器907可以作为大型有线网路系统中头端设备900与用户端(customerpremise)909之间的中继站(relay)。另外,视讯压缩标准(MPEG)模组910电性连接上述背板902。视讯压缩标准(MPEG)模组910通常包括视讯压缩标准编码器(MPEG encoder)与一视讯压缩标准解码器(MPEG decoder)。网路伺服器911电性连接背板902,该网路伺服器911可以透过该背板902与网际网路903沟通。再者,视讯伺服器912电性连接背板902,使得该视讯伺服器912可以透过背板902以处理接收到的电视广播信号905。统计多工器(StatMux)913电性连接背板902。统计多工器(StatMux)913可以使资料的流通最佳化。Please refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic diagram of a large-scale cable operating system with a cable headend and a user end. For one embodiment, the network bridge 901 includes an access device (AP), a bridge (Bridge) or a router (Router). The headend device 900 also includes a backplane 902 electrically connected to an Internet 903 . The backplane 902 is generally composed of a printed circuit board, and is intended to provide connection to a control card in an electronic system, such as a display card, an audio card, a network card, and the like. In addition, the backplane 902 can also be designed to have a fiber channel (fiber channel) specification to communicate with the Internet 903 with fiber optic transmission. A receiver (receiver) 904 is electrically connected to the backplane 902 to receive a TV broadcasting signal (TV Broadcasting) 905 . A
此外,上述用户端909包括一机上盒(Set top Box)914与一用户装置(Client Device)915,上述用户装置(Client Device)915可为一个人电脑,上数机上盒(Set top Box)914可以连接该个人电脑。上述用户端909、网路桥接器901与网路桥接器907是透过一通信协定互相沟通。In addition, the above-mentioned client terminal 909 includes a set-top box (Set top Box) 914 and a client device (Client Device) 915, and the above-mentioned client device (Client Device) 915 can be a personal computer, and there are several set-top boxes (Set top Box) 914 The PC can be connected. The client 909, the network bridge 901 and the network bridge 907 communicate with each other through a communication protocol.
请参考图10,其是为一应用于有线电视网路系统的小或中型高速分散有线宽频系统的示意图。上述中小型的高速分散有线宽频系统可以应用于旅馆或是汽车旅馆。客户端藉由撷取器(AP)920的无线网路接口(ports)透过一有线电视网路922连接到一宽频数据机或数据专线(Leased-lines)923,其中无线信号接口(ports)连接到有线电视网路922系统的电缆终端(cable end)以分散到不同的房间或位置。上述宽频数据机或数据专线(Leased-lines)923连接到网际网路924。此外,用户端921的无线信号接口(ports)连接到上述有线电视网路922的分散输出节点(nodes)上。为了进入宽频网路,一电脑可以由一乙太网路接口(Ethernet LAN port)或一通用序列总线接口(USBport)而连接或耦合到用户端921。上述用户端921与撷取器(AP)920是可透过一通信协定互相沟通。Please refer to FIG. 10 , which is a schematic diagram of a small or medium-sized high-speed distributed cable broadband system applied to a cable TV network system. The above-mentioned small and medium-sized high-speed distributed wired broadband system can be applied to hotels or motels. The client is connected to a broadband modem or leased-lines (Leased-lines) 923 through a cable TV network 922 through the wireless network interface (ports) of the AP 920, wherein the wireless signal interface (ports) A cable end connected to a cable television network 922 system for distribution to different rooms or locations. The broadband modem or Leased-lines 923 are connected to the Internet 924 . In addition, the wireless signal ports (ports) of the user terminal 921 are connected to the distributed output nodes (nodes) of the above-mentioned cable TV network 922 . In order to enter the broadband network, a computer can be connected or coupled to the client 921 via an Ethernet LAN port or a USB port. The aforementioned client 921 and AP 920 can communicate with each other through a communication protocol.
请参考图11,其是包含一具有短距无线传输模组的用户端装置,以提供短距无线连接用户端的高速分散有线宽频系统的示意图。在本实施例中,用户端930包含上述的短距无线传输模组可以提供作为其它无线用户端如932接入网路的入口,如图11所示。换言之,用户端930具有一短距无线传输模组931发射无线信号以提供外部用户932的短距无线传输模组933接收,或者是接收短距无线传输模组933发射的一无线信号。另外,用户端934则不具有短距无线传输模组。上述用户端930的一接口可以透过有线电视网路936与网际网路937连接,另一接口可以提供其它用户端如932的无线网路通讯的网路接取点功能。可以理解的是,不同的无线频宽与不同的通信协定可以应用于本实施例中,并且不同的上链与下链(uplink and downlink)亦可以连接到上述高速分散有线宽频系统。上述用户端930、外部用户932以及撷取器(AP)935是透过一通信协定互相沟通。Please refer to FIG. 11 , which is a schematic diagram of a high-speed distributed wired broadband system including a client device with a short-range wireless transmission module to provide a short-range wireless connection to the client. In this embodiment, the client 930 includes the above-mentioned short-range wireless transmission module, which can serve as an entrance for other wireless clients such as 932 to access the network, as shown in FIG. 11 . In other words, the user terminal 930 has a short-distance wireless transmission module 931 to transmit wireless signals for receiving by the short-distance wireless transmission module 933 of the external user 932 , or to receive a wireless signal transmitted by the short-distance wireless transmission module 933 . In addition, the user terminal 934 does not have a short-range wireless transmission module. One interface of the above-mentioned client 930 can be connected to the Internet 937 through the cable television network 936 , and the other interface can provide other clients such as 932 with the network access point function of wireless network communication. It can be understood that different wireless bandwidths and different communication protocols can be applied in this embodiment, and different uplinks and downlinks (uplink and downlink) can also be connected to the above-mentioned high-speed distributed wired broadband system. The above-mentioned client 930, external user 932 and AP 935 communicate with each other through a communication protocol.
请参考图7,其是为一无线撷取器(AP)与用户端之间互相传送先行序列(preamble sequences)的示意图。本发明的高速分散有线宽频系统中,无线撷取器(AP)700与用户端(client devices)701是透过电缆互相连接,并且无线撷取器(AP)700与每一个别的用户端(clientdevices)701之间的联系(links)可以透过数个先行序列(preamblesequences)来建立,以调整传输功率、接收器敏感性(receiversensitivity)、频道均等(channel equalization)与频道选择以及同步化收发器(synchronize transceivers),如图7所示。为了提高先行效率(preamble efficiency)与传输至用户端的准备,撷取器可以从所有的用户端的中测试(poll)整个有线网路状况,并且储存之间的联系(link)状况资料于记忆体中以利于资料传输。在撷取器700与用户端701建立联系之后,资料数据包(data packets)即可透过整个有线网路系统703提供给用户端701的传递与接收。同样地,无线撷取器700连接一网际网路702。Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic diagram of transmitting preamble sequences between an AP and a UE. In the high-speed decentralized wired broadband system of the present invention, the wireless access device (AP) 700 and the client devices (client devices) 701 are connected to each other through cables, and the wireless access device (AP) 700 is connected to each individual client device ( Links between clientdevices) 701 can be established through several preamble sequences to adjust transmit power, receiver sensitivity, channel equalization and channel selection, and synchronize transceivers (synchronize transceivers), as shown in Figure 7. In order to improve the preamble efficiency and the preparation for transmission to the client, the extractor can test (poll) the entire wired network status from all the clients, and store the connection (link) status data in the memory to facilitate data transfer. After the link between the
因为有线电视网路系统是设计以用于其原始的频带而提供给电视频道,在有线电视网路系统中传统的推进器(boosters)与一些高隔绝的分离器(splitters)防止了其它频带的通过。这些元件(推进器与高隔绝的分离器)的前的分离器(splitters)是引进来分离不同路径的无线频带。上述分离器(splitters)是设计来使得上述电视频带可以通过上述原始元件,而其它的频带通过其它的路径而不会让上述电视频道的频带通过。结合器(combiner)是用于重新接合(re-joint)二个频带回到上述同轴电缆网路系统。Because the cable network system is designed to provide TV channels for its original frequency band, traditional boosters and some high-isolation splitters in the cable network system prevent other frequency bands. pass. Splitters before these elements (thrusters and high-isolation splitters) were introduced to separate the radio frequency bands of the different paths. The above-mentioned splitters are designed so that the above-mentioned TV frequency bands can pass through the above-mentioned original components, while other frequency bands pass through other paths without allowing the above-mentioned TV channel frequency bands to pass through. A combiner is used to re-join the two frequency bands back to the above coaxial cable network system.
在802.11无线通信网路(WLAN)系统中,撷取器(AP)与用户端(client devices)是透过整个有线网路而传送出信标(beacons)。先行序列(preamble sequences)是应用于撷取器(AP)与用户端(clientdevices)之间以调整传输无线功率、接收器敏感性(receiversensitivity)以及同步化上述二个收发器(synchronize transceivers)。在上述信号表头(signal header)中,其决定了用于这个传输的不同的PHYs,也就是不同的CCK用于802.11b或OFDM用于802.11g与802.11a。根据撷取器(AP)与用户端(client devices)之间的连是品质,不同的传输率,例如:11Mbps、22Mbps、33Mbps、54Mbps与108Mbps,可以应用于连是中的资料传输。为了避免上述分享的有线网路系统中不同的连是之间的干扰,频道管理可以用于最少化的争论(contention)与更有效率的管理沟通流量(traffic)。举例而言,某些频道可以根据优先次序、资料流以及其它应用而保留给特别的联系(links)。In an 802.11 wireless communication network (WLAN) system, APs and client devices transmit beacons through the entire wired network. Preamble sequences are applied between AP and client devices to adjust transmission wireless power, receiver sensitivity and synchronize the above two transceivers. In the above signal header (signal header), it determines the different PHYs used for this transmission, that is, different CCKs are used for 802.11b or OFDM is used for 802.11g and 802.11a. According to the connection quality between the AP and the client devices, different transmission rates, such as 11Mbps, 22Mbps, 33Mbps, 54Mbps and 108Mbps, can be applied to the data transmission in the connection. To avoid interference between different connections in the shared wired network system described above, channel management can be used to minimize contention and manage communication traffic more efficiently. For example, certain channels may be reserved for specific links based on priority, data flow, and other applications.
本发明以较佳实施例说明如上,然其并非用以限定本发明所主张的专利权利范围。其专利保护范围当视后附的申请专利范围及其等同领域而定。凡是熟悉此领域的技艺者,在不脱离本专利精神或范围内,所作的更动或润饰,均属于本发明所揭示精神下所完成的等效改变或设计,且应包含在下述的申请专利范围内。The present invention is described above with preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the scope of patent rights claimed by the present invention. The scope of its patent protection shall depend on the scope of the appended patent application and its equivalent fields. All changes or modifications made by those skilled in this field without departing from the spirit or scope of this patent belong to the equivalent change or design completed under the spirit disclosed by the present invention, and should be included in the following patent application within range.
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