CN1633451A - 耐冲击性聚脲氨酯及其制备方法 - Google Patents
耐冲击性聚脲氨酯及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1633451A CN1633451A CNA028256476A CN02825647A CN1633451A CN 1633451 A CN1633451 A CN 1633451A CN A028256476 A CNA028256476 A CN A028256476A CN 02825647 A CN02825647 A CN 02825647A CN 1633451 A CN1633451 A CN 1633451A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyureaurethane
- polyethers
- contains polyethers
- polyisocyanates
- prepolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920000162 poly(ureaurethane) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 methylethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PISLZQACAJMAIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethyl-6-methylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=C(N)C(CC)=C1N PISLZQACAJMAIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VIOMIGLBMQVNLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-2-chloro-3,5-diethylphenyl)methyl]-3-chloro-2,6-diethylaniline Chemical compound CCC1=C(N)C(CC)=CC(CC=2C(=C(CC)C(N)=C(CC)C=2)Cl)=C1Cl VIOMIGLBMQVNLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KQWGXHWJMSMDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCCCC1 KQWGXHWJMSMDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- RQEOBXYYEPMCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-diethyl-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCC1=CC(CC)=C(N)C(C)=C1N RQEOBXYYEPMCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000219739 Lens Species 0.000 description 77
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 26
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 13
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- HGXVKAPCSIXGAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethyl-6-methylbenzene-1,3-diamine;4,6-diethyl-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCC1=CC(CC)=C(N)C(C)=C1N.CCC1=CC(C)=C(N)C(CC)=C1N HGXVKAPCSIXGAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002176 Pluracol® Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEIRRNXMZYDVDW-MQQKCMAXSA-N (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadien-1-ol Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\CO MEIRRNXMZYDVDW-MQQKCMAXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)N=C=O)=C1 AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002359 Tetronic® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIZJPRKHEXCVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(6-isocyanatohexyl)-1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN1C(=O)N(CCCCCCN=C=O)C1=O ZIZJPRKHEXCVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OVGIGWPHRGPBCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1H-indole 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12.N1CCC2=CC=CC=C12 OVGIGWPHRGPBCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLZIIHMTTRXXIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O JLZIIHMTTRXXIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKCRQHGQIJBRMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroaniline Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1Cl AKCRQHGQIJBRMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFUGUWZYXGNQHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-1,2-benzoxazine;2,3-dihydro-1h-indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NCCC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C=CNOC2=C1 VFUGUWZYXGNQHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLRGXXKFHVJQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)C(Cl)C(C)=O VLRGXXKFHVJQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003682 3-furyl group Chemical group O1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- IBOFVQJTBBUKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2-chloroaniline) Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C(Cl)=C1 IBOFVQJTBBUKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯。聚脲氨酯可以含有含多异氰酸酯的预聚物和含聚醚的多元醇物料。预聚物可以与含胺固化剂反应,产生本发明的聚脲氨酯。在一个实施方案中,含聚醚的聚脲氨酯当至少部分地固化并且当以透镜的形式测试时,具有至少148英尺每秒的抗冲击性,其中所说的透镜的两个表面具有硬涂层,呈具有2.2mm最大中央厚度的平面构型,所说的抗冲击性是通过高速冲击试验测定的。
Description
本申请是系列号为60/332,827的US临时专利申请(2001.11.16申请)的转换版本。
本发明涉及一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯。
总的来说,光学透明的塑料物料是通过抗冲击性及物料经历变形时的温度和压力来表征的。
对于聚脲氨酯来说,具有高度抗冲击性是必须的。
应当说明的是,正如本说明书和所附的权利要求书中,单数形式“a”、“an”和“the”包括复数指示物,除非是清楚地和明确地限制于单一指示物。
本说明书中,除非有另外的说明,说明书和权利要求书中所用的所有表示成分数量、反应条件等等的数字应当理解为在所有情况中都是被“约”字所修饰的。因此,除非有相反的说明,以下说明书和所附的权利要求书中所述的数值参数是近似值,其可以取决于需要通过本发明所获得的合意性能而变化。至少,并且不企图将与权利要求范围等效原则的适用有所限制,每个数值参数应当至少是按照所记录的有效数字的数值并且通过运用普通周围的技术来解释。
尽管表明本发明宽范围的数值范围和参数是近似值,但在具体实施例中给出的数值是尽可能精确地报道的。然而,任何数值本身便含有某些误差,这些误差是由在它们各自试验测定中发现的标准偏差所不可避免地产生的。
本发明包括一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,所说的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯当至少部分地固化并且当以透镜的形式测试时,具有至少148英尺每秒的抗冲击性,其中所说的透镜的两个表面具有硬涂层,呈具有2.2mm最大中央厚度的平面构型,所说的抗冲击性是通过高速冲击试验(The HighImpact Test)测定的。
此外,本发明包括一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,该聚脲氨酯含有以下物质的反应产物:
a.聚脲氨酯预聚物,含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇物料;和
b.含胺固化剂,
其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
此外,本发明包括一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
a.将多异氰酸酯与至少一种含聚醚的多元醇反应,形成含聚醚的聚脲氨酯预聚物;并且
b.将所说的预聚物与含胺固化剂反应,
其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
在非限定性实施方案中,本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯可以用于透明物应用,如建筑上用的玻璃窗,汽车玻璃窗,暴动防护屏,飞机遮篷,面罩,面甲,opthalmic和太阳镜,防护眼罩及透明盔甲。据发现,本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯可以显示以下特征的至少一种:光学透明性,良好的冲击性,良好的耐化学性和可接受的热变形温度。
可在制备本发明聚脲氨酯中使用的多异氰酸酯是数目众多的和各种各样的。非限定性实例可以包括但不限于脂族多异氰酸酯;环脂族多异氰酸酯,其中一个或多个异氰酸基团直接与环脂族环相连;环脂族多异氰酸酯,其中一个或多个异氰酸基团不直接与环脂族环相连;芳族多异氰酸酯,其中一个或多个异氰酸基团直接与芳族环相连;和芳族多异氰酸酯,其中一个或多个异氰酸基团不直接与芳族环相连;及其混合物。在一个非限定性实施方案中,当使用芳族多异氰酸酯时,通常应当仔细选择不会引起聚脲氨酯变色(例如,变黄)的物料。
在本发明另外可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,多异氰酸酯可以包括但不限于脂族或环脂族二异氰酸酯,芳族二异氰酸酯,其环状二聚物和环状三聚物,及其混合物。适宜的多异氰酸酯的非限定性实例可以包括但不限于Desmodur N 3300(六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚物),其可商购自Bayer;Desmodur N 3400(60%六亚甲基二异氰酸酯二聚物和40%六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚物)。在一个非限定性实施方案中,多异氰酸酯可以包括二异氰酸二环己基甲酯及其同分异构混合物。本文和权利要求书中所用的术语“同分异构混合物”是指多异氰酸酯的顺式-顺式、反式-反式和/或顺式-反式异构体的混合物。在本发明中使用的同分异构混合物的非限定性实例可以包括4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)的反式-反式异构体,其中4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)在此后称作“PICM”(对异氰酸根合环己基甲烷),PICM的顺式-反式异构体,PICM的顺式-顺式异构体,及其混合物。
在本发明中使用的适宜的异构体包括但不限于4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)的以下三种异构体。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,本发明中所用的PICM可以通过将4,4′-亚甲基双(环己胺)(PACM)光气化按照本领域已知的各种过程来制备,如US专利2,644,007;2,680,127和2,908,703中所公开的过程;其引入本文作为参考。PACM异构体混合物,当光气化时,可以产生在室温下呈液相、部分液相或固相形式的PICM。在其它可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,PACM异构体混合物可以通过将亚甲基二苯胺氢化和/或通过将PACM异构体混合物在水和诸如甲醇和乙醇等醇的存在下分级结晶来获得。
在本发明另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,其它可以使用的脂族和环脂族二异氰酸酯包括3-异氰酸根合-甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基-异氰酸酯(“IPDI”),其可商购自Arco Chemical,以及间-四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯(1,3-双(1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基乙基)-苯),其可商购自Cytec Industries Inc.,商品名TMXDI.RTM.(Meta)脂族异氰酸酯。
本文和权利要求书中所用的术语“脂族和环脂族二异氰酸酯”是指在具有两个二异氰酸酯反应活性端基的直链或环状链中连接有6-100碳原子。在本发明的一个非限定性实施方案中,用于本发明的脂族和环脂族二异氰酸酯可以包括TMXDI和式R-(NCO)2的化合物,其中R表示脂族基团或环脂族基团。
含聚醚的多元醇及其制备方法是本领域技术人员所公知的。从各种制造商处可商购到各种类型和分子量的很多含聚醚的多元醇。含聚醚的多元醇的非限定性实例可以包括但不限于聚氧化亚烷基多元醇和聚烷氧基化多元醇。聚氧化亚烷基多元醇可以按照已知的方法来制备。在一个非限定性实施方案中,聚氧化亚烷基多元醇可以通过将亚烷基氧化物或亚烷基氧化物的混合物,使用酸-或碱-催化的加成,与多羟基引发剂或多羟基引发剂的混合物缩合来制备,例如但不限于乙二醇,丙二醇,甘油和山梨醇。亚烷基氧化物的非限定性实例可以包括氧化乙烯,氧化丙烯,氧化丁烯,氧化戊烯,亚芳烷基氧化物,例如但不限于氧化苯乙烯,氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯的混合物。在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,聚氧化亚烷基多元醇可以用亚烷基氧化物的混合物,使用无规或逐步烷氧基化来制备。这种聚氧化亚烷基多元醇的非限定性实例包括聚氧乙烯,例如但不限于聚乙二醇,聚氧丙烯,例如但不限于聚丙二醇。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,聚烷氧基化多元醇可以由以下通式I来表示:
其中m和n可以各自是正整数,m和n之和为5-70;R1和R2可以各自是氢,甲基或乙基;并且A可以是二价连接基团,如直链或支链亚烷基,其可以含有1-8个碳原子;亚苯基;及C1-C9烷基取代的亚苯基。选择m和n的值,结合选择二价连接基团,可以决定多元醇的分子量。
聚烷氧基化多元醇可以通过本领域已知的方法来制备。在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将诸如4,4′-异丙叉二酚等的多元醇与含环氧乙烷的物料例如但不限于氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯和氧化丁烯反应,形成通常称作具有羟基官能团的乙氧基化、丙氧基化或丁氧基化的多元醇。适宜于在制备聚烷氧基化多元醇中使用的多元醇的非限定性实例可以包括US专利6,187,444B1第10栏,第1-20行中描述的多元醇,其引入本文作为参考。
本文和权利要求书中所用的术语“含聚醚的多元醇”可以包括通常已知的聚(氧四亚甲基)二醇,通过将四氢呋喃在路易斯酸催化剂例如但不限于三氟化硼、氯化锡(IV)和磺酰氯的存在下聚合来制备。还包括通过将环醚与脂族二醇共聚制备的聚醚,其中所说的环醚例如但不限于氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯、三亚甲基氧化物和四氢呋喃,所说的脂族二醇例如但不限于乙二醇,1,3-丁二醇,1,4-丁二醇,二甘醇,二丙二醇,1,2-丙二醇和1,3-丙二醇。也可以使用含聚醚的多元醇的相容混合物。本文中所用的术语“相容”意指多元醇彼此互相可溶从而形成单相。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,用于本发明中的含聚醚的多元醇可以包括聚酯多元醇,聚己内酯多元醇,聚碳酸酯多元醇,及其混合物。
聚酯多元醇例如但不限于聚酯二醇,可以包括一个或多个具有4-10碳原子的二羧酸与一个或多个具有2-10碳原子的低分子量二元醇的酯化产物,其中所说的具有4-10碳原子的二羧酸如己二酸、琥珀酸或癸二酸,所说的具有2-10碳原子的低分子量二元醇如乙二醇,丙二醇,二甘醇,1,4-丁二醇,新戊二醇,1,6-己二醇和1,10-癸二醇。用于生产聚酯多元醇的已知的酯化过程在,例如,D.M.Young,F.Hostettler等的文章“Polyesters from Lactone”Union Carbide F-40,p.147中有所描述。
聚碳酸酯多元醇是本领域已知的并且可商购获得,如RavecarbTM107(Enichem S.p.A.)。在一个非限定性实施方案中,聚碳酸酯多元醇可以通过将有机二元醇如二醇和碳酸二烷基酯反应来生产,其中所说的二醇如以下所述并且与聚脲氨酯的二元醇组分有关的那些化合物,所说的碳酸二烷基酯如US专利4,160,853中所述的化合物。在一个非限定性实施方案中,多元醇可以包括聚碳酸六亚甲基酯,如H-(O-C(O)-O-(CH2)6)n-OH,其中n是4-24的整数,或者4-10或5-7的整数。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,二元醇物质可以包括低分子量多元醇,如分子量小于500的多元醇,及其相容混合物。本文中所用的术语“相容”意指二元醇彼此互相可溶,从而形成单相。这种多元醇的非限定性实例可以包括但不限于低分子量二醇和三醇。在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,选择三醇的量以致于避免聚氨酯的交联达到高程度。高程度的交联可以导致通过中等加热和压力无法形成热固性聚氨酯。有机二元醇一般含有2-16或2-6或2-10个碳原子。这种二元醇的非限定性实例可以包括但不限于乙二醇,丙二醇,二甘醇,三甘醇,四甘醇,二丙二醇,三丙二醇,1,2-、1,3-和1,4-丁二醇,2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇,2-甲基-1,3-戊二醇,1,3-、2,4-和1,5一戊二醇,2,5-和1,6-己二醇,2,4-庚二醇,2-乙基-1,3-己二醇,2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇,1,8-辛二醇,1,9-壬二醇,1,10-癸二醇,1,4-环己二醇,1,4-环己烷二甲醇,1,2-双(羟乙基)-环己烷,丙三醇,四羟甲基甲烷,例如但不限于季戊四醇,三羟甲基乙烷和三羟甲基丙烷;及其异构体。
在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,含聚醚的多元醇物料的重均分子量为至少200或至少1000或至少2000。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,含聚醚的多元醇物料的重均分子量小于10000或小于15000或小于20000或小于32000。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,可用于本发明的含聚醚的多元醇物料可以包括由至少一种低分子量二羧酸,如己二酸,产生的三酯(terester)。
可在本发明中使用的聚醚二醇可以包括但不限于聚四亚甲基醚乙二醇。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,含聚醚的多元醇可以包括嵌段聚合物,包括氧化乙烯-氧化丙烯和/或氧化乙烯-氧化丁烯的嵌段。在一个非限定性实施方案中,含聚醚的多元醇可以包括以下化学式的嵌段聚合物:
H-(O-CRRCRR-Yn)a-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)b-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)c-H
其中R可以表示氢或C1-C6烷基;Y可以表示CH2;n可以是0-6的整数;a、b和c可以各自是0-300的整数,其中a、b和c可以经选择致使多元醇的重均分子量不超过32,000。
在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,可以使用Pluronic R,PluronicL62D,Tetronic R和Tetronic,可商购获得自BASF,用作为本发明中的含聚醚的多元醇物料。
本发明中,存在于含聚醚的聚脲氨酯预聚物中的NCO(即,异氰酸酯)与OH的当量比可以是2.0至小于4.5 NCO/1.0 OH的量。
可用于本发明的适宜的含胺固化剂是数目众多的和各种各样的。非限定性实例包括但不限于每分子中有一个以上氨基的多胺,各自的氨基独立地选自伯氨基(-NH2)和仲胺(-NH-)基团。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,含胺固化剂可以选自脂族多胺,环脂族多胺,芳族多胺,及其混合物。在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,氨基全部是伯氨基。在一个实施方案中,其中生产具有低颜色的聚脲氨酯是合意的,胺-固化剂可以经选择致使它具有相对低的颜色和/或可以是防止胺变色(例如,变黄)的方式制造和/或储藏之。
可在本发明中使用的适宜的含胺固化剂可以包括但不限于具有以下化学式的物料:
其中R1和R2可以各自独立地选自甲基,乙基,丙基和异丙基,并且R3可以选自氢和氯。可用于本发明的含胺固化剂的非限定性实例包括以下化合物,由Lonza Ltd.(Basel,瑞士)制造:
LONZACURE.RTM.M-DIPA:R1=C3H7;R2=C3H7;R3=H
LONZACURE.RTM.M-DMA:R1=CH3;R2=CH3;R3=H
LONZACURE.RTM.M-MEA:R1=CH3;R2=C2H5;R3=H
LONZACURE.RTM.M-DEA:R1=C2H5;R2=C2H5,R3=H
LONZACURE.RTM.M-MIPA:R1=CH3;R2=C3H7;R3=H
LONZACURE.RTM.M-CDEA:R1=C2H5;R2=C2H5;R3=Cl
其中R1、R2和R3对应于前述的化学式。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,含胺固化剂可以包括但不限于双胺固化剂如4,4′-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺),(Lonzacure.RTM.M-CDEA),可在美国从Air Products and Chemical,Inc.(Allentown,Pa.)中获得。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,可用于本发明的含胺固化剂可以包括2,4-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯,2,6-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯及其混合物(统称“二乙基甲苯二胺”或“DETDA”),其可商购自Albemarle Corporation,商品名Ethacure100;二甲基硫代甲苯二胺(DMTDA),其可商购自AlbemarleCorporation,商品名Ethacure 300;4,4′-亚甲基-双(2-氯苯胺),其可商购自Kingyorker Chemicals,商品名MOCA。DETDA在室温下可以是液体,25℃下的粘度是156cPs。DETDA可以是同分异构的,2,4-异构体占75-81%的范围,而2,6-异构体占18-24%的范围。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以在本发明中使用Ethacure 100的颜色稳定化型式(即,含有降低黄颜色用添加剂的制剂),其可以是以商品名Ethacure 100S获得。
在另一个实施方案中,用于本发明的含胺固化剂可以选自DEDTA,具有以下结构的化合物:
及其混合物。
本发明的聚脲氨酯可以通过一步成型法、准预聚物或完全预聚物法来制备,所有都是本领域已知的并且在US专利5,962,617中有所公开;其引入本文作为参考。在一步成型法中,可以将所有的反应物一次性混合在一起。在准预聚物法中,通常将总量30-80%的多元醇与多异氰酸酯反应,形成预聚物,然后可以将剩余的20-70%的多元醇与含胺固化剂一起添加至预聚物中。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,可以将多异氰酸酯(即,NCO)与含聚醚的多元醇物料以大于1至小于4.5NCO/1.0OH或2.0至4.0NCO/1.0OH的当量比混合,并且加热至190°F至300°F的范围内。混合物加热的时间可以是很大地不同。通常来说,在较低温度下,可以将混合物比在使用较高温度时加热更长的时间。例如,在260至265°F温度下,可以将混合物加热5至10小时,并且在275至290°F温度下加热3至5小时。在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将混合物在干氮气的条件下加热,以有助于多异氰酸酯与含聚醚的多元醇物料反应形成预聚物。然后除去加热源并且可以将预聚物冷却。在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将预聚物冷却至160°F。允许将预聚物在此温度下放置约24小时。冷却之后,可以通过本领域已知的各种方法,测定预聚物中存在的NCO量。在一个非限定性实施方案中,通过诸如ASTM-D-2572-91的本领域已知的各种方法,测定预聚物中存在的NCO。
在本发明的一个非限定性实施方案中,存在于预聚物中的NCO可以如下测定。将聚脲氨酯的2克样品添加至Erlenmeyer烧瓶中。可以将样品用氮气吹扫,然后加入几粒玻璃珠(5mm)。可以用移液管向此混合物中添加20mL的1N二丁基胺(存在于甲苯中)。可以将此混合物旋转并且封盖。然后可以将烧瓶放在加热源上并且可以将烧瓶加热至微回流,在此温度下保持15分钟,然后冷却至室温。在塞子和接头之间可以放一片Teflon,以防止加热时压力增加。在加热周期过程中,经常地将内容物旋转,以便试图完全溶解和反应。通过使用Titrino 751动态自动滴定仪,直接滴定20mL移液的1N二丁基胺(DBA)加50mL甲醇及1N盐酸(HCl),可以获得空白试验值。可以计算HCl标准浓度和DBA空白的平均值,并且将数值输入至自动滴定仪中。待样品冷却后,可以将内容物转移至含有大约50-60mL甲醇的烧杯中。可以加入磁力搅拌棒并且可以使用预输入数据的Titrino 751自动滴定仪,将样品用1N HCl滴定。可以按照下式计算百分比NCO和IEW(异氰酸酯当量):
%NCO=(mLs空白-mLs样品)(标准浓度HCl)(4.2018)/样品wt.,克;
IEW=(样品wt.,克)1000/(mLs空白-mLs样品)(标准浓度HCl)
“标准浓度HCl”值可以如下测定。向预称重的烧杯中添加0.4克Na2CO3一级标准并且记录重量。向此中添加50mL去离子水并且磁力搅拌将Na2CO3溶解。使用Titrino 751自动滴定仪,用1N HCl滴定一级标准并且记录体积。将此过程重复另外两次,总共滴定三次,并且可以按照下式使用平均值作为标准浓度:
标准浓度HCl=标准样wt.,克/(mLs HCl)(0.053)
在本发明的一个非限定性实施方案中,可以向预聚物中添加附加的多异氰酸酯,以便达到不同(例如,较高或较低)当量的NCO/OH。然后,可以将预聚物在约160°F-180°F下与含胺固化剂如双胺固化剂反应。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,含胺固化剂可以是以0.60-1.20NH2/1.0NCO或0.90-1.0NH2/1.0NCO或0.92-0.96NH2/1.0NCO的当量比存在。然后,可以将聚脲氨酯在230-300°F温度下固化4-24小时。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,含聚醚的聚脲氨酯预聚物可以通过将过量的多异氰酸酯与含聚醚的多元醇物料在130℃或更低温度下反应来制备,以便产生自由流动的预聚物。本文和权利要求书中所用的术语“自由流动”是指未胶凝化的物质。将预聚物加热至130℃以上温度可以加速多异氰酸酯与含聚醚的多元醇物料之间的反应速率,从而导致预聚物的过早胶凝,以及随后的聚脲氨酯的过早胶凝。就透镜的铸塑方法而言,预聚物和随后聚脲氨酯的过早胶凝,可以产生有缺陷的透镜。
在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,多异氰酸酯可以过量存在,与含聚醚的多元醇物料产生粘度小于2000cPs或小于600cPs或小于300cPs的预聚物,其中所说的粘度是使用布鲁克菲尔德粘度计在73℃下测定的。所用的过量的多异氰酸酯可以是2.0至小于4.5NCO/1.0OH当量比。预聚物的粘度可以取决于所选的具体的多异氰酸酯和含聚醚的多元醇物料。在一个非限定性实施方案中,具有前述范围较高端值NCO/OH当量比的混合物,可以形成具有前述范围较低端值粘度的预聚物。
本发明中,可以使用适宜的聚氨酯形成用催化剂,以便增强用于聚氨酯形成的物料反应。适宜的聚氨酯形成用催化剂可以是特异于通过NCO和含OH物料反应形成聚氨酯、并且很少趋向于加速副反应导致脲基甲酸酯(allophonate)和异氰酸酯形成的那些催化剂。适宜催化剂的非限定性实例可以选自路易斯碱,路易斯酸和插入催化剂,如Ullmann′sEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第5版,1992,Volume A21,pp.673-674中所述。在一个非限定性实施方案中,催化剂可以是有机酸的亚锡盐,例如但不限于辛酸亚锡,二月桂酸二丁基锡,二乙酸二丁基锡,硫醇二丁基锡,二马来酸二丁基锡,二乙酸二甲基锡,二月桂酸二甲基锡,1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷,及其混合物。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,催化剂可以是辛酸锌,乙酰丙酮铋或铁。
适宜催化剂的其它非限定性实例可以包括叔胺,例如但不限于三乙胺,三异丙基胺和N,N-二甲基苄胺。这种适宜的叔胺公开于US专利5,693,738第10栏,第6-38行,其公开内容引入本文作为参考。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将催化剂掺入含胺固化剂中。催化剂的量可以取决于所选的具体催化剂而很大地不同。在其它可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,催化剂的量可以是小于5wt%或小于3wt%或小于1wt%,以反应混合物的总重量计。例如,二月桂酸二丁基锡的使用量可以是0.0005至0.02份每100份用于形成聚氨酯的物料。催化剂的使用量可以取决于所用的固化温度。
本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯可以通过各种方法加工成制品,所说的方法包括但不限于铸塑,压缩模塑,挤压或注射模塑。在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将含聚醚的聚脲氨酯铸塑成透镜。含聚醚的聚脲氨酯经过铸塑可以生产具有良好光学特性的透镜。
在铸塑工艺的一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将含聚醚的聚脲氨酯预聚物和含胺固化剂的混合物铸塑至模具中,然后固化。在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,可以通过选择合适的固化时间和温度,将本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯部分地固化,然后可以将含聚醚的聚脲氨酯从铸塑模具中取出并且加工成合意的形状。含聚醚的聚脲氨酯可以成型为简单或者复杂的形状,然后可以将其完全固化。
可以在透镜的前面和/或背面涂布耐磨涂层,如有机硅烷型耐磨涂层,其是本领域已知用于保护塑料表面免受磨擦和刮擦。有机硅烷耐磨涂层可以被称作硬涂层并且是本领域已知的。各种有机硅烷硬涂料在US专利4,756,973第5栏第1-45行;和US专利5,462,806第1栏第58行至第2栏第8行及第3栏第52行至第5栏第50行中有所公开,其公开内容引入本文作为参考。有机硅烷硬涂料的其它非限定性实例公开于US专利4,731,264;5,134,191和5,231,156中,其公开内容也引入本文作为参考。在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以给透镜的前面和背面涂布SDC 1154,其可商购自SDC Coatings,Incorporated,或者涂布Hi Gard 1080,其可商购自PPG Industries,Incorporated。
可以将其它提供耐磨擦和刮擦性的涂料用作耐磨涂层,如多功能丙烯酸型硬涂料,三聚氰胺基的硬涂料,聚氨酯基的硬涂料,烷基涂料,二氧化硅溶胶基的硬涂料或其它有机或无机/有机混杂硬涂料。
在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,可以给硬涂层涂敷附加的涂层,如防反射涂层。防反射涂层的实例在US专利6,175,450中有所描述,其公开内容引入本文作为参考。在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以给透镜的前面和/或背面涂布Essilor′s Reflection Free防反射涂料,其可以使用Essilor′s Reflection Free工艺来涂敷。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以给透镜的前面和/或背面涂布可紫外线固化的硬涂层,例如但不限于UVX和UVNVS,可商购获得自UltraOptics。
总的来说,未涂布的透镜的抗冲击性可以高于涂布透镜的抗冲击性。给透镜涂敷硬涂层可以导致透镜的冲击强度降低。通过在涂布硬涂层的透镜上涂敷防反射涂层可以进一步降低冲击强度。冲击强度的降低程度可以取决于所选择用于给透镜涂敷的具体的硬涂料和防反射涂料。
本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯可以具有良好的抗冲击性。在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,当至少被部分固化并且以厚度为2.0-2.2mm并且两个表面均具有硬涂层的透镜形式进行测试时,可以耐受至少148英尺每秒或至少170英尺每秒或至少300英尺每秒的冲击,通过高速冲击试验过程测定。本文和权利要求中所用的“高速冲击试验过程”是指按照Z87.1-200X,2002年9月12日,Committee Ballot Draft Revision of ANSI Z87.1-1989(R1998),第7.5.2.1部分“High Velocity Impact”和14.3“Test for High ImpactPrescription Lenses”进行的如下过程。在此过程中使用由International Certification Services Laboratories,Incorporated制造的Universal透镜测试仪(ULT-II)。将最大基础曲线为6.25的平光(Plano power)透镜,用工业安全伞齿轮将边缘削圆至55mm+0.04mm/-0.25mm直径。每个透镜可以试验一次,使用新的透镜进行每次附加冲击。可以将每个透镜安装在试验夹持器中,以致于试验透镜被牢固地保持在透镜夹持器的伞齿轮中。高速冲击试验包括以150英尺每秒的速度向每个透镜的中部发射投射物。投射物由6.35mm(0.25英寸)直径钢球组成,重1.06g(0.037盎司)。可以用两个附加的透镜样品重复试验。如果透镜整体在试验夹持器中有任何向后的移动;透镜有任何的断裂;透镜有任何部分与其的内表面脱离或者透镜有任何完整厚度的穿透,则可以认为此透镜没有通过测试。本文中所用的“断裂”是指透镜的完整厚度破裂成两个或更多个分开碎片,或者用裸眼看得见的与任何透镜材料的内表面脱离。任何一个透镜断裂就意味着失败。如果所有的测试透镜通过测试,则在其最薄点具有相同或更大厚度、由相同制造者、由相同物料、用相同涂料和工艺制作的任何指定的透镜,可以携带一“+”标记。
在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以将少量的至少一种三官能或更高官能的多元醇,例如但不限于三醇、四醇、五醇及其混合物,以足以产生交联的量(根据反应物的当量),添加至含聚醚的聚脲氨酯预聚物中。在另外一个非限定性实施方案中,添加这些物料的至少一种,以便产生至少0.01%或至少0.5%或小于99%或小于5%的交联,以总反应物的重量计。适宜的非限定性实例包括三羟甲基丙烷,三羟甲基乙烷,丙三醇,季戊四醇,二季戊四醇,山梨醇,蔗糖,甘露糖醇,及其混合物。其它非限定性实例包括用氧化乙烯、丙烯或丁烯扩增的物料链。将至少一种这样的物料添加至预聚物中可以增加热变形温度并且在一些情形中可以提高固化聚氨酯的平稳(ballastic)性能。
在本发明的其它可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,在制备本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯中可以使用本领域已知的各种添加剂。非限定性实例包括各种抗氧化剂,紫外线稳定剂,颜色阻滞剂,光学增亮剂,和脱模剂。在一个非限定性实施方案中,可以向预聚物中添加5%或更少的至少一种抗氧化剂,其中所说的添加量以总反应物的重量计。可以在本发明中使用的适宜的抗氧化剂包括但不限于多官能受阻酚型的物质。多官能受阻酚型抗氧化剂的一个非限定性实例可以包括Irganox 1010,其可商购自Ciba Geigy。
在其它可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,可以向含聚醚的聚脲氨酯预聚物中添加UV-稳定剂,在固化步骤之前或者在固化过程中,添加量为5.0%或更少,以总反应物的重量计,或者0.5-4.0%,以总反应物的重量计。适宜于本发明使用的UV-稳定剂包括但不限于苯并三唑。苯并三唑UV-稳定剂的非限定性实例包括Cyasorb 5411、Cyasorb 3604和Tinuvin 328。Cyasorb5411和3604可商购获得自American Cyanamid,并且Tinuvin 328可商购获得自Ciba Geigy。
在另一个可供选择的非限定性实施方案中,可以添加受阻胺光稳定剂,以增加UV防护性。受阻胺光稳定剂的非限定性实例可以包括Tinuvin 765,其可商购自Ciba-Geigy。
本发明的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯可以在生产光致变色制品中使用。系列号为09/793,886和09/794,026的US专利申请(均为2000.3.20申请,并且在US专利和商标局中未结案),公开了光致变色制品的生产。这两篇申请引入本文作为参考。
当用于制备光致变色制品(例如,透镜)时,聚脲氨酯应当是透明的,达到电磁光谱的可激活掺入基质中的光致变色物质的部分,即,紫外线(UV)的可产生光致变色物质着色或开放(open)形式的波长,及可见光谱的包括光致变色物质呈其UV活化形式(即,开放open形式)的吸收最大波长的部分。可以与本发明聚脲氨酯使用的光致变色物质是有机光致变色化合物或含有这种化合物的物质,可以将它们掺入,例如,溶解、分散或扩散至聚脲氨酯中。
第一类可用于形成本发明光致变色制品的有机光致变色物质是在大于590纳米、例如590-700纳米的可见范围内中具有一个活化吸收最大值的物质。这些物料当在合适的溶剂或基质中暴露于紫外线时一般显现蓝色、偏蓝色的绿色或偏蓝色的-紫色。可用于本发明中的这类物质的非限定性实例包括但不限于螺(吲哚啉)吩噁嗪和螺(吲哚啉)苯并噁嗪。这些类和其它类的光致变色物质是已知的。例如,参见US专利:3,562,172;3,578,602;4,215,010;4,342,668;5,405,958;4,637,698;4,931,219;4,816,584;4,880,667;4,818,096。
第二类可用于形成本发明光致变色制品的有机光致变色物质是在400-小于500纳米之间的可见范围内具有至少一个吸收最大值和两个吸收最大值的物质。这种物料当在合适的溶剂或基质中暴露于紫外线时一般显现黄-橙色。这种化合物包括但不限于某些色烯,即,苯并吡喃和萘并吡喃。很多这种色烯是已知的,例如,US专利3,567,605;4,826,977;5,066,818;4,826,977;5,066,818;5,466,398;5,384,077;5,238,931;和5,274,132。
第三类可用于形成本发明光致变色制品的有机光致变色物质是在400-500纳米之间的可见范围内具有一个吸收最大值并且在500-700纳米的可见范围内具有另一个吸收最大值的物质。这种物料当在合适的溶剂或基质中暴露于紫外线时一般显现从黄/褐色至紫/灰色范围的颜色。这种物质的非限定性实例包括某些苯并吡喃化合物,在吡喃环的第2位具有取代基;和取代或未取代的杂环,如与苯吡喃的苯部分稠合的苯并噻吩并或苯并呋喃并环。这种物料在US专利5,429,774中有所描述。
其它光致变色物质包括光致变色有机金属双硫腙盐,即,(芳基偶氮)-硫代甲酸芳基肼化物,例如,双硫腙汞,例如,在US专利3,361,706中描述的。俘精酸酐和fulgimides,例如3-呋喃基和3-噻吩基俘精酸酐和fulgimides,它们在US专利4,931,220第20栏第5行至第21栏第38行中有所描述。
在前述专利中涉及这种光致变色物质的公开内容引入本文作为参考。本发明的光致变色制品可以含有一种光致变色物质或光致变色物质的混合物。可以使用光致变色物质的混合物来达到某些激活的颜色,如接近无色的灰色或褐色。
本文所述的光致变色物质的每种可以是以一定量或以一定的比例(当使用混合物时)使用,以便致使涂敷了化合物混合物或它们所掺入的聚氨酯/聚合物,当用未过滤的阳光活化时,呈现合意的所得颜色,例如,基本上无色的颜色,如灰色或褐色的底色,即,尽可能使活化的光致变色物质的颜色接近无色的颜色。前述的光致变色物质所使用的相对量是不同的,并且部分地取决于这种化合物所活化的种类的颜色的相对强度和所需的最终颜色。
本文中所述的光致变色化合物或物质可以通过各种现有技术描述的方法涂敷或掺入聚氨酯/聚合物中。这些方法包括但不限于将物质溶解或分散在聚氨酯/聚合物内,例如,通过将聚氨酯/聚合物浸渍在光致变色物质的热溶液中或者通过热传递,使光致变色物质吸入至聚氨酯/聚合物中;在聚合物的相邻层之间提供单独层形式的光致变色物质,例如,作为聚合物膜的一部分;及将光致变色物质以涂层的形式或者以涂层的一部分的形式进行涂敷,放在聚氨酯/聚合物表面上。术语“吸入”或“吸取”意在表示并且包括使光致变色物质单独渗入聚氨酯/聚合物中,溶剂协助光致变色物质传递吸收至多孔性的聚合物中,汽相传递,和其它诸如此类的传递机理。吸入方法的一个非限定性实例包括用光致变色物质涂布光致变色制品;将光致变色制品的表面加热并且将残余的涂料从光致变色制品的表面去除的步骤。
光致变色物质或含有其的组合物涂敷或掺入至聚氨酯/聚合物的量不是关键,只要使用足够的量,以致当激活时可以产生裸眼能够看出的光致变色效果。通常来说,这个量可以描述成光致变色量。所用的具体量通常取决于当照射其时所需颜色的强度并且取决于用于掺加或涂敷光致变色物质的方法。一般来说,所涂敷或掺加的光致变色物质越多,颜色的强度越大。通常来说,掺入或涂敷至光致变色光学聚氨酯/聚合物中的总的光致变色物质的量可以是0.15-0.35毫克每平方厘米光致变色物质所掺加或涂敷的表面。
还可以将光致变色物质添加至多组分有机组合物中,然后再将组合物聚合,例如,铸塑固化。然而,当这样做时,一般情况下要求光致变色物质不会与,例如,可能存在的引发剂和/或异氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯和第一和第二组分的胺基团发生可能不利的相互作用。这种不利相互作用可以导致光致变色物质失活,例如,通过以开放形式或封闭形式将它们捕集。光致变色物质还可以包括光致变色颜料和包胶在金属氧化物中的有机光致变色物质,后者在US专利4,166,043和4,367,170中有所描述。也可以将充分包胶在有机聚氨酯/聚合物基质内的有机光致变色物质,如US专利4,931,220中所述,掺入本发明的多组分组合物中,然后将其固化。如果在固化前将光致变色物质添加至本发明的多组分有机组合物中,则一般是将它们掺入第二组分中,然后将第一组分和第二组分混合在一起。
实施例
在以下的每个实施例中,使用以下滴定分析过程,按照ASTM-D-2572-91,测定组分A的NCO浓度。滴定分析方法由以下步骤组成:将2克组分A的样品添加至Erlenmeyer烧瓶中。将该样品用氮气吹扫,然后加入几粒玻璃珠(5mm)。用移液管向此混合物中添加20mL的1N二丁基胺(存在于甲苯中)。将此混合物旋转并且封盖。然后将烧瓶放在加热源上并且将烧瓶加热至微回流,在此温度下保持15分钟,然后冷却至室温。注意,在塞子和接头之间放一片Teflon,以防止加热时压力增加。在加热周期过程中,经常地将内容物旋转,以便试图完全溶解和反应。通过使用Titrino 751动态自动滴定仪,直接滴定20mL移液的1N二丁基胺(DBA)加50mL甲醇及1N盐酸(HCl),获得空白试验值。计算HCl标准浓度和DBA空白的平均值,然后将数值输入至自动滴定仪中。待样品冷却后,将内容物转移至含有大约50-60mL甲醇的烧杯中。加入磁力搅拌棒并且可以使用预输入数据的Titrino 751自动滴定仪,将样品用1N HCl滴定。按照下式自动计算百分比NCO和IEW(异氰酸酯当量):
%NCO=(mLs空白-mLs样品)(标准浓度HCl)(4.2018)/样品wt.,克;
IEW=(样品wt.,克)1000/(mLs空白-mLs样品)(标准浓度HCl)
“标准浓度HCl”值如下测定。向预称重的烧杯中添加0.4克Na2CO3一级标准并且记录重量。向此中添加50mL去离子水并且磁力搅拌将Na2CO3溶解。使用装配有组合pH电极(即,Metrohm组合玻璃电极号6.0222.100)的自动滴定仪(即,Metrohm GPD Titrino 751动态自动滴定仪,带有50mL滴定管),用1N HCl滴定一级标准并且记录体积。将此过程重复另外两次,总共滴定三次,并且按照下式使用平均值作为标准浓度:
标准浓度HCl=标准样wt.,克/(mLs HCl)(0.053).
此外,在以下的每个实施例中,使用以下的透镜铸塑方法,由组分A预聚物生产六个半成品透镜。将组分A和DETDA(称作组分B)注射入特别设计的模制机(来自Max Machinery)中。DETDA由AlbemarleCorporation获得。模制机是聚氨酯加工处理器,型号601-000-232,其获得自Max Machinery,Healdsburg,加利福尼亚。将组分A和B添加到机器中并且高剪切混合短时间。组分B和组分A以0.95比1.0的摩尔比存在。然后将共混的混合物注射入透镜模具中。将此模具放入对流式烘箱中,在130℃下放置六小时。然后将此铸塑的半成品透镜从烘箱中取出并且允许冷却。给透镜的前面涂布从SDC Incorporated获得的商品名为SDC 1154的市售硬涂料。涂层的涂敷是通过使用旋涂装置,将透镜在1100rpm下旋涂13秒,接着在120℃下进行3小时的固化。然后将透镜送入20/20光学实验室中,在其中将透镜切割成55mm直径圆形并且将表面加工成中央厚度为2.1mm的平光(Plano power)。用由UltraOptics制造、商品名为UVX的市售的可UV固化涂料,对每个透镜的背面涂布硬涂层。然后将这些透镜送入Essilor中并且使用Essilor′s Reflection Free过程涂布Essilor′s Reflection Free防反射涂料。
然后通过高速冲击试验过程对铸塑透镜进行冲击强度试验。“高速冲击试验过程”是指按照Z87.1-200X,2002年9月12日,CommitteeBallot Draft Revision of ANSI Z87.1-1989(R1998),第7.5.2.1部分“High Velocity Impact”和14.3“Test for High Impact PrescriptionLenses”进行的如下过程。在此过程中使用由InternationalCertification Services Laboratories,Incorporated制造的Universal透镜测试仪(ULT-II)。将最大基础曲线为6.25的平光(Plano power)透镜,用工业安全伞齿轮将边缘削圆至55mm+0.04mm/-0.25mm直径。每个透镜试验一次,使用新的透镜进行每次附加冲击。将每个透镜安装在试验夹持器中,以致于试验透镜被牢固地保持在透镜夹持器的伞齿轮中。高速冲击试验包括以150英尺每秒的速度向每个透镜的中部发射投射物。投射物由6.35mm(0.25英寸)钢球组成,重1.06g(0.037盎司)。如果透镜整体在试验夹持器中有任何向后的移动;透镜有任何的断裂;透镜有任何部分与其的内表面脱离或者透镜有任何完整厚度的穿透,则认为此透镜没有通过测试。本文中所用的“断裂”是指透镜的完整厚度破裂成两个或更多个分开的碎片,或者用裸眼看得见的与任何透镜材料的内表面脱离。任何一个透镜断裂就意味着失败。
实施例1
在含有氮气层的反应容器中,将4.5当量的400MW聚己内酯、0.58当量的750MW聚己内酯、3.387当量的三羟甲基丙烷、1.695当量的Pluracol P2000和27.44当量的Desmodur W在室温下混合在一起。Desmodur W表示4,4′亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯),含有20wt%反式-,反式异构体及80wt%顺式-顺式和顺式-反式异构体。Desmodur W获得自Bayer Corporation并且Pluracol P2000获得自BASF。将反应混合物加热至78℃,获得基本上澄清的混合物。向此混合物中添加20ppm月桂酸二丁基锡催化剂并且撤去加热。添加催化剂产生放热反应并且温度开始升高,并且达到123℃高峰。通过连续搅拌将反应完成并且允许在环境条件下冷却。在约116℃下,添加以下物料:0.5wt% Irganox1010(获得自Ciba Geigy),2wt%UV吸收剂Cyasorb 5411(获得自American Cyanamid/Cytec)和1.5ppm Exalite Blue 78-13(获得自Exciton)。将混合物在100℃下搅拌另外1小时,然后冷却至室温。将此混合物称作组分A预聚物。按照上述的方法测定组分A预聚物中的异氰酸酯(NCO)浓度。经测定,理论%NCO为10.3并且实验%NCO为10.1。然后在上述的透镜铸塑过程中使用该组分A预聚物,并且使用上述的处理方法对所得的透镜进行高速冲击试验测试。透镜能够耐受150英尺每秒的最大速度。
实施例2
使用如实施例1所述的相同过程,不同之处是使用1.695的Pluronic L62D代替Pluracol P2000。经测定,理论%NCO为10.3并且实验%NCO为10.1。然后,在上述的透镜铸塑过程中使用该组分A预聚物,并且使用上述的处理方法对所得的透镜进行高速冲击试验测试。透镜在300英尺每秒的速度下没有失败和/或断裂。
实施例3
使用如实施例1所述的相同过程用于实施例3,不同之处是使用1.356当量Pluracol P2000和0.338当量Pluracol E2000的共混物代替Pluracol P2000。经测定,理论%NCO为10.3并且实验%NCO为9.02。然后,在上述的透镜铸塑过程中使用该组分A预聚物,并且使用上述的处理方法对所得的透镜进行高速冲击试验测试。透镜能够耐受137英尺每秒的最大速度。
实施例4
使用如实施例1的相同过程用于实施例4,不同之处是使用1.695当量的ToneTM多元醇0241代替Pluracol P2000。在上述的透镜铸塑过程中使用该组分A预聚物,并且使用上述的处理方法对所得的透镜进行高速冲击试验测试。透镜能够耐受146英尺每秒的最大速度。
Claims (63)
1、一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,所说的聚脲氨酯当至少部分地固化并且当以透镜的形式测试时,具有至少148英尺每秒的抗冲击性,其中所说的透镜的两个表面具有硬涂层,呈具有2.2mm最大中央厚度的平面构型,所说的抗冲击性是通过高速冲击试验测定的。
2、权利要求1的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,含有得自聚醚多元醇的嵌段部分。
3、权利要求2的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的聚醚多元醇含有下式:
H-(O-CRRCRR-Yn)a-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)b-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)c-H
其中R可以表示氢或C1-C6烷基;Y可以表示CH2;n可以是0-6的整数;a、b和c可以各自是0-300的整数,其中a、b和c可以经选择致使多元醇的重均分子量不超过32,000。
4、权利要求1的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其在73℃下的粘度小于2,000cPs。
5、权利要求1的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,含有预聚物和含胺固化剂。
6、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的预聚物含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇物料。
7、权利要求6的聚醚聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自脂族多异氰酸酯,环脂族多异氰酸酯,芳族多异氰酸酯,及其混合物。
8、权利要求7的聚醚聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自脂族二异氰酸酯,环脂族二异氰酸酯,及其混合物。
9、权利要求7的聚醚聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自环己基甲烷及其同分异构混合物。
10、权利要求7的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)的反式-反式异构体。
11、权利要求7的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自3-异氰酸根合-甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基-异氰酸酯;间-四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯(1,3-双(1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基乙基)-苯)及其混合物。
12、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
13、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料选自聚醚多元醇及其混合物。
14、权利要求6的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料具有的重均分子量为200至32,000。
15、权利要求14的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料具有的数均分子量为2,000至15,000。
16、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂选自具有以下化学式的物料及其混合物:
其中R1和R2各自独立地选自甲基、乙基、丙基和异丙基并且R3选自氢和氯。
17、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂是4,4′-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)。
18、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂选自2,4-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯;2,6-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯及其混合物。
19、权利要求5的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂具有的NCO/NH2当量比为1.0NCO/0.60NH2至1.0NCO/1.20NH2。
20、一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,该聚脲氨酯含有以下物质的反应产物:
a.预聚物,含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇物料;和
b.含胺固化剂,
其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
21、权利要求20的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,具有NCO/OH当量比为2.1至4.0。
22、权利要求20的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,含有得自聚醚多元醇的嵌段部分。
23、权利要求22的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的聚醚多元醇含有下式:
H-(O-CRRCRR-Yn)a-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)b-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)c-H
其中R可以表示氢或C1-C6烷基;Y可以表示CH2 2;n可以是0-6的整数;a、b和c可以各自是0-300的整数,其中a、b和c可以经选择致使多元醇的重均分子量不超过32,000。
24、权利要求20的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其在73℃下的粘度小于2,000cPs。
25、权利要求20的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所述含聚醚的聚脲氨酯含有预聚物和含胺固化剂。
26、权利要求25的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的预聚物含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇物料。
27、权利要求26的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自脂族多异氰酸酯,环脂族多异氰酸酯,芳族多异氰酸酯,及其混合物。
28、权利要求27的聚醚聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自脂族二异氰酸酯,环脂族二异氰酸酯,及其混合物。
29、权利要求26的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自环己基甲烷及其同分异构混合物。
30、权利要求26的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)的反式-反式异构体。
31、权利要求26的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自3-异氰酸根合-甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基-异氰酸酯;间-四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯(1,3-双(1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基乙基)-苯)及其混合物.
32、权利要求25的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
33、权利要求26的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料选自聚醚多元醇及其混合物。
34、权利要求26的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料具有的重均分子量为200至32,000。
35、权利要求29的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料具有的数均分子量为2,000至15,000。
36、权利要求25的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂选自具有以下化学式的物料及其混合物:
其中R1和R2各自独立地选自甲基、乙基、丙基和异丙基并且R3选自氢和氯。
37、权利要求25的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂是4,4′-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)。
38、权利要求25的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂选自2,4-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯;2,6-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯及其混合物。
39、权利要求25的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂具有的NCO/NH2当量比为1.0NCO/0.60NH2至1.0NCO/1.20NH2。
40、一种含聚醚的聚脲氨酯的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
a.将多异氰酸酯与至少一种含聚醚的多元醇反应,形成含聚醚的聚脲预聚物;并且
b.将所说的预聚物与含胺固化剂反应,
其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
41、权利要求40的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,具有粘度小于2,000cPs。
42、权利要求40的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯含有预聚物和含胺固化剂。
43、权利要求42的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的预聚物含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇物料。
44、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自脂族多异氰酸酯,环脂族多异氰酸酯,芳族多异氰酸酯,及其混合物。
45、权利要求44的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自脂族二异氰酸酯,环脂族二异氰酸酯,及其混合物。
46、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自环己基甲烷及其同分异构混合物。
47、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)的反式-反式异构体。
48、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的多异氰酸酯选自3-异氰酸根合-甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基-异氰酸酯;间-四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯(1,3-双(1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基乙基)-苯)及其混合物.
49、权利要求42的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.1至小于4.5。
50、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料选自聚醚多元醇及其混合物。
51、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料具有的数均分子量为200至32,000。
52、权利要求46的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含聚醚的多元醇物料具有的数均分子量为2,000至15,000。
53、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,含有得自聚醚多元醇的嵌段部分。
54、权利要求43的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的聚醚多元醇含有下式:
H-(O-CRRCRR-Yn)a-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)b-(CRRCRR-Yn-O)c-H
55、其中R可以表示氢或C1-C6烷基;Y可以表示CH2;n可以是0-6的整数;a、b和c可以各自是0-300的整数,其中a、b和c可以经选择致使多元醇的重均分子量不超过32,000。
57、权利要求42的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂是4,4′-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)。
58、权利要求42的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂选自2,4-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯;2,6-二氨基-3,5-二乙基-甲苯及其混合物。
59、权利要求42的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯,其中所说的含胺固化剂具有的NCO/NH2当量比为1.0NCO/0.60NH2至1.0NCO/1.20NH2。
60、一种含有含聚醚的聚脲氨酯的光学制品,所说的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯当至少部分地固化并且当以透镜的形式测试时,具有至少148英尺每秒的抗冲击性,其中所说的透镜的两个表面具有硬涂层,呈具有2.2mm最大中央厚度的平面构型,所说的抗冲击性是通过高速冲击试验测定的。
61、一种含有含聚醚的聚脲氨酯的光学制品,其中所说的含有含聚醚的聚脲氨酯包含以下物质的反应产物:
a.预聚物,含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇;和
b.含胺固化剂,
其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至4.5。
62、一种含有含聚醚的聚脲氨酯的光致变色制品,所说的含聚醚的聚脲氨酯当至少部分地固化并且当以透镜的形式测试时,具有至少148英尺每秒的抗冲击性,其中所说的透镜的两个表面具有硬涂层,呈具有2.2mm最大中央厚度的平面构型,所说的抗冲击性是通过高速冲击试验测定的。
63、一种含有含聚醚的聚脲氨酯的光致变色制品,其中所说的含有含聚醚的聚脲氨酯包含以下物质的反应产物:
a.预聚物,含有多异氰酸酯和至少一种含聚醚的多元醇;和
b.含胺固化剂,
其中所说的预聚物具有NCO/OH当量比为2.0至小于4.5。
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2002
- 2002-11-05 US US10/287,880 patent/US20030096935A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-14 TW TW091133409A patent/TW200300420A/zh unknown
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- 2002-11-14 CN CNB028256476A patent/CN100516105C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-14 WO PCT/US2002/036471 patent/WO2003044071A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2002-11-14 ES ES02789634T patent/ES2339753T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-14 BR BRPI0214235-0A patent/BR0214235A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-14 DE DE60235712T patent/DE60235712D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-11-14 AU AU2002352686A patent/AU2002352686B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-14 JP JP2003545705A patent/JP2005509704A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-14 AT AT02789634T patent/ATE461233T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-14 KR KR1020047007432A patent/KR100638194B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103080269A (zh) * | 2010-08-06 | 2013-05-01 | 德山株式会社 | 光致变色组合物 |
TWI508987B (zh) * | 2010-08-06 | 2015-11-21 | Tokuyama Corp | Photochromic composition |
CN103080269B (zh) * | 2010-08-06 | 2015-12-16 | 德山株式会社 | 光致变色组合物 |
CN103930516A (zh) * | 2011-12-26 | 2014-07-16 | 德山株式会社 | 光致变色组合物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE461233T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
HK1077312A1 (en) | 2006-02-10 |
EP1444281B1 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
HUP0500847A2 (en) | 2007-07-30 |
CN100516105C (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
CA2467193A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
EP1444281A1 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
US20070155940A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
KR20040094664A (ko) | 2004-11-10 |
AU2002352686A1 (en) | 2003-06-10 |
DE60235712D1 (de) | 2010-04-29 |
TW200300420A (en) | 2003-06-01 |
JP2005509704A (ja) | 2005-04-14 |
AU2002352686B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
KR100638194B1 (ko) | 2006-10-26 |
US20030096935A1 (en) | 2003-05-22 |
IL161981A (en) | 2010-11-30 |
ES2339753T3 (es) | 2010-05-25 |
MXPA04004651A (es) | 2004-08-12 |
WO2003044071A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
BR0214235A (pt) | 2006-09-19 |
JP2007146181A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
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