CN1529569A - 对人体或动物身体进行电热治疗的装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种对人体或动物身体进行电热治疗的装置,特别是用于组织凝固或电切术的装置,该装置包括一个具有至少两个用于引入待治疗身体的电极的长形高频加热电极,其中,两个用于在治疗区域中的身体组织产生加热的电场或电磁场的电极,在高频加热电极上相互电绝缘地并相互分开地设置,并分别通过一条导线与一个设置在体外的高频发生器连接,为了更好地控制治疗过程,该装置设有一个信号源,该信号源给出一个信号,该信号在治疗过程中向操作者传递关于处于在两个电极之间的身体组织状态的信息。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于对人体或动物身体进行电热治疗的装置,特别是按照权利要求1上位概念的、用于电凝固或电切术的装置。
背景技术
例如在WO 97/17009中公开了一种这类装置,其中,为了使组织凝固和将组织分离使用了频率范围大约在300kHz至若干MHz之间的高频交流电,由此,被治疗的组织得到凝固或者蒸发,这被称为电凝固或电切术。这里采用了一种特殊装置,其中,在一个长杆状的支架上安装了两个相互分开并绝缘的电极,并用一个设置在体外的高频发生器提供必需的高频(HF)功率,使得在这两个电极之间建立一个以电极的直接周围为界的、足够的电场或电磁场,使在两个电极之间处于该电磁场和由此产生的温度场作用范围内的身体组织凝固或者蒸发。
已经表明,在治疗过程中,即在组织凝固过程中在电极之间可以测量的HF电阻抗的变化是按照一个基本上保持相同的模式改变。电极之间待测量的HF阻抗的绝对值依赖于不同的影响量,例如高频加热电极(Applikator)的几何形状、组织的特性等,于是该HF阻抗具有一个典型的时间变化曲线,其特征在于,它在一个确定的治疗时间之后剧烈地上升,其中,身体组织在所涉及的电磁场区域内凝固并由此干枯,使得单个组织细胞的阻抗显著提高。这种组织细胞的干枯迅速继续,直到最后电极被干枯的组织所包围。组织的干枯和由此为条件的HF电阻抗的增加本身造成发生器功率由于匹配错误的扰动。然后,在断开发生器时阻抗以指数下降到几乎其最小值,因为在组织中的功率输入停止且不再有组织液体的蒸发。其结果是,脱水的区域再次由组织水填充,由此阻抗相应地下降。如果然后发生器功率再次被激活,则在一个确定的时间间隔之后达到一个新的阻抗增加,直到达到发生器断开之前的状态。这种观察到的电阻抗的变化以及由此为条件的HF发生器的输出功率可以作为信息利用,由此,操作者可以更好地安排治疗过程。
发明内容
因此,本发明要解决的技术问题是,这样地将一种本文开始部分所述类型的装置进行扩展,使得可以更好地进行治疗和特别是更精确地确定治疗持续时间。
按照本发明,上述技术问题在本文开始部分所述类型的装置中通过一个信号源来解决,该信号源给出一个在治疗过程中为操作者确定处于电极之间的身体组织状态信息的信号。
本发明的优点尤其在于,导出一个信号并使操作者可以察觉到该信号,该信号在治疗过程中通知操作者,在电极之间的组织处于何种状态。
该信号源特别优选地从HF发生器量取一个与输出HF电流成比例的量,和此外另一个与输出HF电压成比例的量。按照本发明,由这两个量取的量计算出发生器的HF功率和/或在高频加热装置的电极之间的HF阻抗,而由该信号源输出的信号取决于该计算出的HF功率或者计算出的电阻抗,使得操作者通过在两个电极之间测量的HF阻抗和一个关于组织凝固的整体的量度,在治疗过程中一直掌握变化。
如果在两个电极之间的HF电阻抗超出一个预先给定的值,其中在电极区域中的组织凝固接近结束,则信号源优选地给出一个标志信号,使得操作者由此可以将高频加热电极移动到身体组织内部的其它位置,或者结束治疗过程。
信号源优选地是一个给出听觉信号的声学信号源。给出信号的频率优选地取决于HF发生器输出的HF功率在时间上的变化,或者取决于在两个电极之间呈现的HF阻抗在时间上的变化。在本发明的该实施方式中操作者可以根据音调识别出组织的变化。听觉信号的频率同样随身体组织HF阻抗的增加而增加,如果在两个电极之间身体组织的阻抗低于一个预定的值或者如果HF发生器的功率输出低于一个预定的值,则信号变成标志信号。该标志信号可以是一个具有恒定频率的声学信号,也可以作为在时间上调制的,例如作为脉冲形式的听觉信号等等构成,它明确地告诉使用者超出了预定的阻抗界限。
按照本发明的另一个实施方式,如果在电极之间的电阻抗低于预定的门限值或者发生器对应的输出功率低于预定的值,则信号源给出一个断开HF发生器或者使电极分离的断开信号。
本发明的优选的扩展通过从属权利要求的特征表示。
附图说明
下面借助附图所示实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。图中,
图1为该装置的示意图;
图2为该装置的电路示意图;
图3为治疗过程中的凝固过程的示意图;和
图4为在治疗过程中在高频加热电极的电极之间身体组织呈现的HF阻抗的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于对人体或动物身体进行电热治疗的装置,其包括一个高频加热电极1,该高频加热电极1具有一个电绝缘杆2以及一个电极部分,该电极部分由一个在自由端变尖的末梢电极3和一个近侧电极4组成。电极3和4构成高频加热电极1的一部分,并相互通过一个绝缘分隔元件6分开。在杆的近侧末端连接着具有电导线7的手持部分5。电极3和4通过电导线7与HF发生器20连接。操作者握持手持部分5操纵高频加热电极1,并在治疗过程中进行引导。
HF发生器20具有一个声学信号源30,该声学信号源在的烧灼过程中测取或取样HF发生器的电输出量并产生一个信号,告知操作者关于处于两个电极之间的治疗区域中身体组织状态的信息。
尤其从图2中可以看出,通过耦合节42和耦合节44对由HF发生器20向高频加热电极2提供的HF功率的电压和电流进行测取,并从这些测量量通过整流级46借助于除法节48确定电阻抗,该电阻抗由在两个电极3,4之间所加电压和在电极3,4之间流动的电流给出,它即是表示关于处于两个电极之间身体组织状态的信息。此外,通过乘法节50获得由高频加热电极引导至治疗区域的HF功率。
然后,一个由计算出电阻抗z导出的、例如成比例的信号通过电路32送至扬声器34,该扬声器给出一个可以听到的声学信号,该信号的频率取决于电极3,4之间身体组织的电阻抗。例如,如果该阻抗增加,则扬声器34输出信号的频率增加。如果该阻抗z超过一个预定的门限值,则该声学信号变换成具有恒定频率的声信号,它作为标志信号指示做治疗的医生,在电极3,4之间的身体组织已凝固且在很大程度上已脱水,因此,在相关治疗部位的治疗结束,即可以将高频加热电极2移动到其它治疗部位,或者从身体组织中撤出。
取样装置42、44,整流器电路46,除法节48以及必要时的乘法节50,与电路32和扬声器34共同组成信号源30,在所示实施方式中该信号源还附加有一个输出电路36,该电路可以将在电极3,4之间的HF电阻抗和/或在电极3,4之间的输出功率P和/或一个(代替声学听觉信号的)光学信息信号显示给操作者,该光学信息信号可以取决于在电极3,4之间的阻抗和/或在电极3,4之间的输出功率P。
由信号源30的输出信号,取决于发生器的HF输出功率或电极3,4之间身体组织的HF电阻抗,将按照图2导出一个调节信号,该调节信号被反馈到HF发生器20,并在那里在调节单元22中这样地被处理,即它然后用于对输出HF功率的调节。例如,只要阻抗在一次在先的阻抗上升之后再次降低到一个预定的绝对值或相对值之下,就可以通过发生器20中的调节单元22产生一个控制信号,该控制信号将发生器20再次激活,以便由此继续凝固过程。另外还可以对该调节装置预先给定一个特定的阻抗值作为额定值,而HF发生器20的输出功率可以这样地调节,即使实际阻抗值(实测值)按希望的方式连续地或者间隔地接近预定的阻抗值(额定值)。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,HF发生器20的输入单元24用来预先设定功率特性/时间特性,HF发生器20的输出功率服从于该特性。
图3a至3d示出了高频加热电极2的电极3、4区域内的身体组织在时间上递进的治疗和由此凝固的组织面积的变大过程。凝固过程在位于电极3、4的相邻的区域中的身体组织中开始。然后,凝固区域向前向高频加热电极2的自由顶端和向近侧向电极4的近侧端扩展,参见图3c中的箭头。然后,随着治疗时间的增加在紧靠电极处形成一个脱水区,该脱水区最后沿着两个电极3,4的纵向延长。随着围绕电极3,4的脱水组织区域的形成,在电极3,4之间测得的电阻抗z明显增高。在图3d示出的情况中阻抗达到最大值,因为这时两个电极之间的几乎整个区域构成了脱水区。阻抗升高引起匹配失调,使得这种阻抗的极度增大导致发生器输出功率的剧烈下降。阻抗的变化反映了周围组织中凝固过程的进展。从该阻抗变化曲线可以看出,高频加热电极2何时达到了它可以产生的最大凝固体积(依赖于高频加热电极的构造和HF功率)。
尤其从图4中可以看出,阻抗在阻抗曲线的点4剧烈增加直到在位置5达到最大值。按照图4,由信号源30产生的并通过扬声器34输出的听觉信号,随其频率的增加而增加,然后,如果在电极3,4之间的身体组织的阻抗增加超过了一个预定的门限值,则听觉信号的频率变为一个恒定的频率,它提示医生已经到达最大可以产生的凝固体积,可以要么断开发生器,要么将高频加热电极1移动到其它治疗部位。随着发生器20的断开,由于在组织中的功率输入停止和不再有组织水的蒸发发生,而是脱水的组织区域又由组织水填充,阻抗又迅速降低至其最小值,参看阻抗变化曲线的点6。如果随后再次接通发生器,凝固过程继续进行,则阻抗又迅速增加至其最大值,该最大值以电磁场作用的组织区域的脱水为特征。
Claims (18)
1.一种对人体或动物身体进行电热治疗的装置,特别是用于组织凝固或电切术的装置,其包括一个具有至少两个用于引入待治疗身体的电极(3,4)的长杆状高频加热电极(1),其中,所述两个用于产生对在治疗区域中的身体组织加热的电场或电磁场的电极(3,4),在该高频加热电极上相互电绝缘地且相互分开地设置,并分别通过一条导线与一个设置在体外的高频发生器(20)相连接,
其特征在于,其具有一个信号源(30),该信号源在治疗过程中向操作者给出关于处于所述两个电极(3,4)之间的身体组织状态信息的信号。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述信号源(30)在治疗过程中从所述HF发生器测取一个与HF输出电流和HF输出电压成比例的量,由该量计算出所述发生器(20)的HF输出功率和/或所述电极(3,4)之间的HF阻抗,并给出一个信号,该信号依赖于所述计算出的发生器(20)的HF输出功率和/或计算出的位于两个电极(3,4)之间身体组织的HF电阻抗。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中位于所述两个电极(3,4)之间身体组织的HF电阻抗超过一个预定值时,则所述信号源给出一个标志信号。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中所述发生器(20)的HF输出功率低于一个预定值时,则所述信号源(30)给出一个标志信号。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述信号源(30)是一个给出听觉信号的声学信号源,该信号的频率取决于所述HF发生器(20)的HF输出功率在时间上的变化,或者取决于所述电极(3,4)之间HF阻抗在时间上的变化。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述信号源(30)是一个给出可视信号的光学信号源,该信号在时间上的变化取决于所述HF发生器(20)的HF输出功率在时间上的变化,或者取决于所述电极(3,4)之间HF阻抗在时间上的变化。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,由所述取决于HF发生器(20)的HF输出功率或电极(3,4)之间的HF电阻抗所述信号源(30)的信号,导出一个用于调节所述HF发生器(20)电输出量的信号,并将其反馈到所述HF发生器(20)。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中处于电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗增加时,所述信号源(30)的输出信号的频率增加。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当位于电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗增加时,所述信号源(30)的输出信号的频率降低。
10.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述信号源(30)的输出信号的频率与位于所述电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗近似成正比,或者与所述HF发生器(20)的HF输出功率成反比。
11.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中位于所述电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗上升超过一个预定值时,或者当所述HF发生器(20)的输出功率降到低于一个预定值时,由所述信号源(30)给出的听觉信号发生突变。
12.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中位于所述电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗上升超过一个预定值时,或者当所述HF发生器(20)的输出功率降到低于一个预定值时,由所述信号源(30)给出的听觉信号为脉冲形式的信号。
13.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述声学或光学信号源(30)包含在所述HF发生器(20)中。
14.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中处于所述电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗增加超过一个预定的绝对值或相对值时,所述声学或光学信号源(30)向所述HF发生器(20)发送一个断开信号,该信号将该HF发生器(20)与所述电极(3,4)分离或者将该HF发生器(20)断开。
15.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当在治疗过程中处于所述电极(3,4)之间的身体组织的阻抗在经历在先的阻抗上升后再次降至低于一个预定的绝对值或相对值时,所述信号源(30)向所述HF发生器(20)发送一个信号,该信号将所述HF发生器(20)再次激活或者使其与所述电极(3,4)连接。
16.根据权利要求7至15中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,对所述HF发生器(20)的输出功率这样调节,使得在阻抗值增加时不超出一个预定的值。
17.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,对所述HF发生器(20)的输出功率按照一个可以由操作者预先设定的时间功率特性进行控制。
18.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述支撑电极(3,4)的长形高频加热电极(2)由一个具有恒定的或者可变截面的杆构成,并且在其自由的前端变尖。
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DE10102254A DE10102254A1 (de) | 2001-01-19 | 2001-01-19 | Vorrichtung zur elektrothermischen Behandlung des menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers |
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US (1) | US20040078038A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1355579B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004516913A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100776009B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100333697C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE501681T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2002235847A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE10102254A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2359549T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2002056782A2 (zh) |
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- 2002-01-17 DE DE50214960T patent/DE50214960D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-17 CN CNB028039467A patent/CN100333697C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-17 WO PCT/EP2002/000459 patent/WO2002056782A2/de active Application Filing
- 2002-01-17 EP EP02702279A patent/EP1355579B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US9060774B2 (en) | 2005-01-26 | 2015-06-23 | Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh | High-frequency surgical device |
CN104519837A (zh) * | 2012-05-18 | 2015-04-15 | 太雄医疗器株式会社 | 具备烧灼功能的支架手术装置 |
CN105939686A (zh) * | 2014-01-06 | 2016-09-14 | 衣阿华方法股份有限公司 | 用于输送治疗电脉冲的装置和方法 |
CN107847266A (zh) * | 2015-07-30 | 2018-03-27 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | 电源装置的操作方法、电源装置和高频处置系统 |
CN107847266B (zh) * | 2015-07-30 | 2020-11-24 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | 电源装置的控制方法、电源装置和高频处置系统 |
CN110179537A (zh) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-30 | 华中科技大学 | 一种具备磁力控制的多爪主动适形消融针 |
CN110179537B (zh) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-12-08 | 华中科技大学 | 一种具备磁力控制的多爪主动适形消融针 |
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US20040078038A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
KR100776009B1 (ko) | 2007-11-16 |
JP2004516913A (ja) | 2004-06-10 |
ES2359549T3 (es) | 2011-05-24 |
DE10102254A1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
WO2002056782A2 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
ATE501681T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
CN100333697C (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
DE50214960D1 (de) | 2011-04-28 |
KR20030081388A (ko) | 2003-10-17 |
AU2002235847A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
EP1355579B1 (de) | 2011-03-16 |
EP1355579A2 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
WO2002056782A3 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
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