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CN1416016A - Inclined bump structure on mirror surface and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Inclined bump structure on mirror surface and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN1416016A
CN1416016A CN 01137577 CN01137577A CN1416016A CN 1416016 A CN1416016 A CN 1416016A CN 01137577 CN01137577 CN 01137577 CN 01137577 A CN01137577 A CN 01137577A CN 1416016 A CN1416016 A CN 1416016A
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material layer
photosensitive material
manufacture method
photomask
substrate
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CN1229674C (en
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简锦诚
朱正仁
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Chi Mei Optoelectronics Corp
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Chi Mei Optoelectronics Corp
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Abstract

A manufacturing method of inclined bump structure on a reflecting mirror surface at least comprises the following steps: providing a substrate; forming a photosensitive material layer on a substrate; the photosensitive material layer is planned in a partition mode to form a plurality of trapezoidal bodies with different bottom areas, and the bottoms of the trapezoidal bodies are connected with each other; and smoothing the trapezoids to form a plurality of groups of bump structures with an inclined angle. The invention uses optical diffraction method and a special photomask, and can make the applied reflective liquid crystal display screen achieve the purpose of reflecting brightness and wide viewing angle through a simple process of single exposure.

Description

反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构 及其制造方法Inclined bump structure on reflective mirror surface and manufacturing method thereof

                         技术领域Technical field

本发明是关于一种反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构及其制造方法,特别是关于一种利用光学绕射法形成反射式液晶显示屏的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构及其制造方法。The invention relates to an inclined bump structure on a reflective mirror surface and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to an inclined bump structure formed on a reflective mirror surface of a reflective liquid crystal display screen by an optical diffraction method and a manufacturing method thereof.

                         背景技术 Background technique

对反射式液晶显示屏(reflective Liquid Crystal Display)而言,除了必须注意液晶显示屏(LCD)反射的亮度,还必须注意视角是否宽广。因此,如何设计出使液晶显示屏兼具反射亮度与广视角的反射镜面(reflector),是目前重要的研究方向。For reflective liquid crystal display (reflective liquid crystal display), in addition to must pay attention to the brightness of liquid crystal display (LCD) reflection, must also pay attention to whether the viewing angle is wide. Therefore, how to design a reflector that enables the liquid crystal display to have both reflective brightness and a wide viewing angle is an important research direction at present.

参照图1,该图是表示传统的反射镜面的光线反射率与测量角度的关系图。其中,反射镜面是水平放置且表面平滑。假设入射光以20度入射角射到液晶显示屏的反射镜面时,会以-20度反射角射出液晶显示屏,因此,在角度为-20度时会测量到最大反射率R1,且反射率的分布曲线十分狭窄,大都集中在-20度附近。Referring to FIG. 1 , this figure is a graph showing the relationship between the light reflectivity of a traditional mirror surface and the measurement angle. Wherein, the mirror surface is placed horizontally and has a smooth surface. Assume that when the incident light hits the reflective mirror of the LCD screen at an incident angle of 20 degrees, it will exit the LCD screen at a reflection angle of -20 degrees. Therefore, the maximum reflectance R 1 will be measured when the angle is -20 degrees, and the reflection The distribution curve of the rate is very narrow, and most of them are concentrated around -20 degrees.

然而,理想的液晶显示屏应在角度约0度时呈现最大反射率,并且在其他角度亦能呈现部分反射率。因此为使图1中的反射率曲线向左移动,使约为0度时出现最大反射率,且曲线分布更为宽广,以达到兼具反射亮度与广视角的效果,另一种传统做法是将反射镜面倾斜(slant),改变光的行进路径,例如反射镜面相对于水平面倾斜约10度,使原本以20度入射角入射光能以约0度的反射角射出。参照图2,其表示另一传统的反射镜面其光线反射率与测量角度的关系图。其中,反射镜面是倾斜放置且表面平滑。角度为0度时会测量到最大反射率R1。但是,图2的反射率分布曲线仍然十分狭窄,大都集中在0度附近,无法使液晶屏达到广视角的效果。However, an ideal LCD should exhibit maximum reflectivity at an angle of about 0 degrees, and also exhibit partial reflectivity at other angles. Therefore, in order to move the reflectivity curve in Figure 1 to the left, so that the maximum reflectivity appears at about 0 degrees, and the curve distribution is wider, so as to achieve the effect of both reflective brightness and wide viewing angle, another traditional method is Slant the reflector to change the path of light. For example, the reflector is slanted about 10 degrees relative to the horizontal plane, so that the incident light originally at an incident angle of 20 degrees can be emitted at a reflection angle of about 0 degrees. Referring to FIG. 2 , it shows the relation diagram of light reflectivity and measurement angle of another traditional mirror surface. Wherein, the mirror surface is placed obliquely and has a smooth surface. The maximum reflectance R 1 is measured at an angle of 0 degrees. However, the reflectance distribution curve in FIG. 2 is still very narrow, most of which are concentrated around 0 degrees, which cannot make the LCD screen achieve the effect of wide viewing angle.

为了解决反射率过于集中于某一角度的问题,另一种传统做法是在倾斜的反射镜面上还形成凸块。参照图3,该图是表示又一传统的反射镜面其光线反射率与测量角度的关系图。其中,反射镜面是倾斜放置且表面形成凸块。由于反射镜面倾斜,使0度附近的角度可量测到高反射率,而凸块表面上每一点的法线角度均不同,还使光线能以在更广的角度内反射。在图3中的最大反射率R2与图2相较,由于图2中大部分的光线均集中在0度,因此最大反射率R1会大于最大反射率R2,但是,图3中的反射率分布曲线却变得更宽广。因此,这种具凸块结构的反射镜面可使液晶显示屏达到兼具有反射亮度与广视角的效果。至于上述的工艺,则可利用一具有单一开口的光掩模,进行多次曝光(multi-step exposure)过程而达成。例如,以曝光强度L1、曝光时间t1对衬底上的光致抗蚀剂进行曝光,形成曝光区域A;接着移动光掩模,再以曝光强度L2和曝光时间t2对光致抗蚀剂进行曝光,形成曝光区域B;然后再移动光掩模,进行曝光,如此重复下去。其中,利用曝光时间相等但曝光强度L1>L2>..,或是利用曝光强度相等但曝光时间t1>t2>..,而使形成的曝光区域A>B>..。接着,进行显影(develop)使光致抗蚀剂呈自高至低的阶梯状。然后,加热使阶梯状光致抗蚀剂再流动(reflow),而形成具有圆滑表面的光致抗蚀剂。In order to solve the problem that the reflectivity is too concentrated at a certain angle, another traditional method is to form bumps on the inclined mirror surface. Referring to FIG. 3 , this figure shows the relationship between light reflectivity and measurement angle of another conventional reflective mirror. Wherein, the reflection mirror surface is placed obliquely and a bump is formed on the surface. Due to the inclination of the mirror surface, high reflectivity can be measured at an angle near 0 degrees, and the normal angle of each point on the surface of the bump is different, and the light can be reflected in a wider angle. Comparing the maximum reflectance R 2 in Figure 3 with that in Figure 2, since most of the light rays in Figure 2 are concentrated at 0 degrees, the maximum reflectance R 1 will be greater than the maximum reflectance R 2 , however, in Figure 3 The reflectance distribution curve, however, becomes broader. Therefore, the reflection mirror surface with bump structure can make the liquid crystal display screen achieve the effect of reflection brightness and wide viewing angle. As for the above process, a photomask with a single opening can be used to perform a multi-step exposure process. For example, the photoresist on the substrate is exposed with the exposure intensity L 1 and the exposure time t 1 to form the exposure area A; then the photomask is moved, and the photoresist is exposed with the exposure intensity L 2 and the exposure time t 2 The resist is exposed to form exposure area B; then the photomask is moved to expose, and so on. Wherein, the exposure time is equal but the exposure intensity L 1 >L 2 >.. is used, or the exposure intensity is equal but the exposure time t 1 >t 2 >.., so that the formed exposure area A>B>.. Then, developing is carried out so that the photoresist is stepped from high to low. Then, the step-shaped photoresist is reflowed by heating to form a photoresist with a smooth surface.

然而,上述工艺是需要不断移动光掩模以对不同区域的光致抗蚀剂分别进行曝光,还需调整光掩模的位置和曝光强度或时间,具有耗时和增加制造成本的缺点。另外,为形成单个具有一倾斜角的凸块需要多次移动此单一开口的光掩模并曝光,再经显影和加热后才能完成,若要在反射镜面上增加凸块的数目,亦即增加反射镜面上的凹凸程度使光线散射更为良好,则工艺会更为繁杂耗时,非常不适于批生产。However, the above process needs to continuously move the photomask to expose the photoresist in different regions, and also needs to adjust the position of the photomask and the exposure intensity or time, which has the disadvantages of time-consuming and increased manufacturing costs. In addition, in order to form a single bump with an inclination angle, it is necessary to move the photomask of this single opening multiple times and expose it, and then it can be completed after development and heating. If the number of bumps is to be increased on the mirror surface, that is, increase The degree of concave and convex on the mirror surface makes light scattering better, and the process will be more complicated and time-consuming, which is very unsuitable for batch production.

                         发明内容Contents of invention

因此,本发明的目的就是在提供一种反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构及其制造方法,利用光学绕射法完成倾斜凸块结构,不但工艺简单,且光线散射效果更为良好,可使反射式液晶屏达到兼具反射亮度与广视角的目的。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an inclined bump structure on the mirror surface and its manufacturing method. The inclined bump structure is completed by the optical diffraction method, which not only has a simple process, but also has a better light scattering effect, which can make reflection The LCD screen achieves the purpose of both reflective brightness and wide viewing angle.

根据本发明的目的,提出一种反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构的制造方法,至少包括以下步骤:提供一衬底;在衬底上形成一感光性材料层;分区规划感光性材料层以形成多个具有不同底面积的凸块,且这些凸块的底部是相互连接;以及平滑(smoothing)这些凸块,以形成具有一倾斜角的多组凸块(bump)结构。According to the purpose of the present invention, a method for manufacturing an inclined bump structure on a mirror surface is proposed, at least including the following steps: providing a substrate; forming a photosensitive material layer on the substrate; planning the photosensitive material layer to form a plurality of bumps with different bottom areas, and the bottoms of these bumps are connected to each other; and smoothing (smoothing) these bumps to form a plurality of groups of bump structures with an inclination angle.

其中,分区规划感光性材料层的步骤还包括曝光(expose)及显影(develop),并提供一光掩模(photomask)以对感光性材料层进行曝光。其中,光掩模上包括m组图案(m为≥1的正整数),每一组图案是由具不同宽度的多个长条状遮光区所组成,且在相邻的该两两长条状遮光区之间的一可透光间隙内更具有一狭长状遮光区。使曝光显影后形成的多个梯形体是依底面积大至小排列,且底部相连。而平滑步骤则通过烘烤方式(baking)使这些梯形体再流动(reflow)而完成。每一组凸块结构是由多个自高到低、自大到小的凸块连接而成,且多组凸块结构是规则的、或无规地形成于衬底上。Wherein, the step of partitioning the photosensitive material layer further includes exposing and developing, and providing a photomask to expose the photosensitive material layer. Wherein, the photomask includes m groups of patterns (m is a positive integer ≥ 1), and each group of patterns is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped light-shielding regions with different widths. A light-permeable gap between the strip-shaped light-shielding regions further has a narrow and long-shaped light-shielding region. The multiple trapezoids formed after exposure and development are arranged in descending order of bottom area, and the bottoms are connected. The smoothing step is accomplished by reflowing the trapezoids by baking. Each group of bump structures is formed by connecting a plurality of bumps from high to low and from large to small, and the multiple groups of bump structures are regularly or randomly formed on the substrate.

                         附图说明Description of drawings

图1是表示传统一反射镜面其光线反射率与测量角度的关系图;Fig. 1 is a relational diagram representing its light reflectivity and measurement angle of a conventional reflecting mirror;

图2是表示另一传统的反射镜面其光线反射率与测量角度的关系图;Fig. 2 is a relational diagram representing its light reflectivity and measurement angle of another traditional mirror surface;

图3是表示又一传统的反射镜面其光线反射率与测量角度的关系图;Fig. 3 is a relational diagram representing its light reflectivity and measurement angle of another traditional reflecting mirror;

图4是表示依照本发明实施例的光掩模的部分俯视图;4 is a partial top view showing a photomask according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5A~5C表示依照本发明实施例一的反射镜面上倾斜凸块结构的制造方法;5A to 5C show a method for manufacturing an inclined bump structure on a mirror surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图6是表示依照本发明实施例一的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构的立体剖面图;6 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the structure of the inclined bumps on the mirror surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图7是表示依照本发明实施例二的光掩模的部分俯视图;7 is a partial top view showing a photomask according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

图8是表示以图7的光掩模形成的反射镜面上倾斜凸块结构的立体剖面图。FIG. 8 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the structure of the inclined bumps on the reflection mirror surface formed by the photomask in FIG. 7 .

图9A是表示依照本发明另一光掩模的部分俯视图;9A is a partial top view showing another photomask according to the present invention;

图9B是表示依照本发明又一光掩模的部分俯视图;9B is a partial top view showing yet another photomask according to the present invention;

图10是表示依照本发明另一光掩模的部分俯视图。Fig. 10 is a partial top view showing another photomask according to the present invention.

                      图式标号说明Explanation of schematic labels

R1、R2:最大反射率R 1 , R 2 : Maximum reflectivity

L1、L2:曝光强度L 1 , L 2 : exposure intensity

t1、t2:曝光时间t 1 , t 2 : exposure time

400、700:光掩模400, 700: Photomask

(401)1、(401)2、(401)3、(401)4、...(401)n、(901)1、(901)2、(901)3:长条(401) 1 , (401) 2 , (401) 3 , (401) 4 , ...(401) n , (901) 1 , (901) 2 , (901) 3 : strip

W1、W2、W3、W4、...Wn:长条宽度W 1 , W 2 , W 3 , W 4 ,...W n : strip width

d1、d2、d3、...dn、(902)1、(902)2:间隙d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , ...d n , (902) 1 , (902) 2 : Clearance

s1、s2、s3、...sn:狭长条宽度s 1 , s 2 , s 3 , ...s n : strip width

405、S11、S12、S21、S22、S:狭窄长条405, S 11 , S 12 , S 21 , S 22 , S: narrow strip

W:狭缝宽度W: slit width

θ:倾斜角θ: tilt angle

d1′、d2′、d3′、d4′、d5′:每组图案之间的距离d 1 ′, d 2 ′, d 3 ′, d 4 ′, d 5 ′: the distance between each group of patterns

502:衬底502: Substrate

504、505、506、507、508、505′、506′、507′、508′:光致抗蚀剂504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 505', 506', 507', 508': photoresist

                       具体实施方式 Detailed ways

为使本发明的上述目的、特征、和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举较佳实施例,并参照附图详细说明如下:In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below, and detailed descriptions are as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings:

本发明的技术特点在于,利用光学绕射法及一具有狭缝(slit)图形的光掩模,使经过单次曝光显影后的感光性材料(photosensitivity material),例如是光致抗蚀剂(photo resist),形成多组图案,每一组图案包括多个底部相连接的凸块(bump),其中,上述凸块是从大到小、从高到低排列。之后,再对凸块进行平滑化步骤(smoothing process),例如以烘烤方式(baking)使凸块熔融化(melting)而再流动(reflow),以形成一连续圆滑且具有一预设倾斜角的凸块,且每一组的每一凸块是自大到小、自高到低连接。The technical feature of the present invention is, utilize optical diffraction method and a photomask that has slit (slit) figure, make the photosensitive material (photosensitivity material) after single exposure development, for example photoresist ( photo resist) to form multiple groups of patterns, each group of patterns includes a plurality of bumps connected to the bottom, wherein the bumps are arranged from large to small and from high to low. Afterwards, a smoothing process is performed on the bumps, such as baking to melt the bumps and then reflow them, so as to form a continuous smoothness with a predetermined inclination angle bumps, and each bump of each group is connected from big to small and from high to low.

应用本发明的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构于反射式液晶显示屏(reflective liquid crystal display)时,是将一金属薄膜覆盖于衬底上,并覆盖倾斜凸块结构,以形成一金属反射层以反射光线。由于此金属反射层具有与倾斜凸块结构同样凹凸且具倾斜角的表面,使进入液晶显示屏的光线抵达金属反射层表面时得以由多个不同的角度反射,而使液晶屏达到兼具反射亮度与广视角的目的。When applying the inclined bump structure on the reflective mirror surface of the present invention to a reflective liquid crystal display (reflective liquid crystal display), a metal film is covered on the substrate, and the inclined bump structure is covered to form a metal reflective layer to reflect light. Since the metal reflective layer has the same concave-convex surface as the inclined bump structure and has an inclined angle, the light entering the liquid crystal display can be reflected from multiple different angles when it reaches the surface of the metal reflective layer, so that the liquid crystal display can achieve both reflection The purpose of brightness and wide viewing angle.

以下即针对本发明反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构及其制造方法做举例说明。然而并不因此限制本发明。实施例一 The following is an example to illustrate the inclined bump structure on the mirror surface of the present invention and its manufacturing method. However, the invention is not limited thereby. Embodiment one

在此实施例中,是利用一具有狭缝的光掩模以形成本发明的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构。其中,光掩模上包括m组图形,每一组图形是均由不同宽度的n条长条,自宽到窄隔一间隙排列而成,并且还在每一间隙之间增加至少一狭窄长条,使光掩模上形成多狭缝(multi-slits)。其中,m为≥1的正整数,n为≥2的正整数。In this embodiment, a photomask with slits is used to form the inclined bump structure on the mirror surface of the present invention. Wherein, the photomask includes m groups of patterns, and each group of patterns is composed of n strips of different widths arranged with a gap from wide to narrow, and at least one is added between each gap. The narrow strips form multi-slits on the photomask. Wherein, m is a positive integer ≥1, and n is a positive integer ≥2.

参照图4,该图表示依照本发明实施例一的光掩模的部分俯视图。光掩模400上包括m组图形,每一组图形均由n条长条(401)1、(401)2、(401)3、...(401)n组成,且其宽度分别为W1、W2、W3、...、Wn。长条之间的间隙依序为d1、d2、d3、...、dn,且间隙内以一狭窄长条为例,狭窄长条的宽度分别为s1、s2、s3、...、sn,每一组图形后接着排列另一组图形,如此重复下去直至完成m组排列。Referring to FIG. 4 , this figure shows a partial top view of a photomask according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The photomask 400 includes m groups of patterns, each group of patterns is composed of n strips (401) 1 , (401) 2 , (401) 3 , ... (401) n , and their widths are respectively are W 1 , W 2 , W 3 , . . . , W n . The gaps between strips are d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , ..., d n in sequence, and a narrow strip is taken as an example in the gap, and the widths of the narrow strips are s 1 , s 2 , s 3 , ..., s n , arrange another group of graphics after each group of graphics, and repeat until m groups of permutations are completed.

接着,利用图4的光掩模400,进行图案转移。在以下工艺中,为方便说明,是假设n=4,且d1=d2=d3=...=dn=d,s1=s2=s3=...=sn=s。Next, pattern transfer is performed using the photomask 400 of FIG. 4 . In the following process, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that n=4, and d 1 =d 2 =d 3 =...=d n =d, s 1 =s 2 =s 3 =...=s n = s.

参照图5A~5C,其表示依照本发明实施例一反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构的制造方法。如图5A所示,衬底502上涂布有高度h的感光性材料,例如是光致抗蚀剂504,并以紫外线光(UV)进行曝光(exposure)、显影(develop)。假设光致抗蚀剂504为遇光后会溶于显影液的正性光致抗蚀剂(positive photoresist),而光掩模400上的斜线部分为不透光区(opaqueregion)。其中,光掩模400上除了分别具有宽度W1、W2、W3、及W4的长条(401)1、(401)2、(401)3、(401)4外,长条之间的间隙中更各有一狭窄长条405。间隙的宽度d例如约4μm,狭长条405的宽度s例如约1μm,因此自狭窄长条405到相邻长条的距离约为(4-1)/2=1.5μm。由于光掩模400上不透光区的长条(401)1、(401)2、(401)3、(401)4下方的光致抗蚀剂504没有经过紫外线光的照射,因此显影后不会溶于显影液。而光掩模400上的间隙由于可透光,使下方相对应的光致抗蚀剂504溶于显影液。Referring to FIGS. 5A-5C , it shows a manufacturing method of an inclined bump structure on a mirror surface according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5A , the substrate 502 is coated with a photosensitive material of height h, such as a photoresist 504 , and is exposed and developed with ultraviolet light (UV). Assume that the photoresist 504 is a positive photoresist that dissolves in a developer when exposed to light, and the hatched portion on the photomask 400 is an opaque region. Wherein, except for the strips (401) 1 , (401) 2 , (401) 3 , (401) 4 respectively having widths W 1 , W 2 , W 3 , and W 4 on the photomask 400 , the strips There is also a narrow strip 405 in the gap between them. The width d of the gap is about 4 μm, for example, and the width s of the strip 405 is about 1 μm, so the distance from the narrow strip 405 to the adjacent strip is about (4−1)/2=1.5 μm. Since the photoresist 504 under the strips (401) 1 , (401) 2 , (401) 3 , (401) 4 in the opaque area on the photomask 400 has not been irradiated by ultraviolet light, after developing Not soluble in developer solution. Since the gaps on the photomask 400 can transmit light, the corresponding photoresist 504 below can be dissolved in the developing solution.

值得注意的是,狭窄长条405(图5A)的存在使原本就小的间隙更被区隔成两个更小的狭缝(slit)。当紫外线光向下照射而通过间隙时,会产生双狭缝绕射(diffraction),使通过光掩模400的光量减少,进而使下方对应光掩模上间隙的光致抗蚀剂在曝光时,同时造成曝光不足(under exposure)的情形。因此,图5A的光致抗蚀剂504经过显影后,会形成如图5B所示的梯形体光致抗蚀剂505、506、507、及508,且梯形体光致抗蚀剂的底部是相互连接。It is worth noting that the existence of the narrow strip 405 (FIG. 5A) divides the already small gap into two smaller slits. When ultraviolet light is irradiated downwards and passes through the gap, double slit diffraction (diffraction) will occur, which reduces the amount of light passing through the photomask 400, and then the photoresist corresponding to the gap on the photomask below is exposed to light. , resulting in underexposure. Therefore, after the photoresist 504 of Fig. 5 A is developed, trapezoid photoresists 505, 506, 507, and 508 as shown in Fig. 5B will be formed, and the bottom of the trapezoid photoresist is interconnected.

另外,底面积越大的光致抗蚀剂,在曝光显影后光致抗蚀剂的高度越高,反之则越低。例如,宽度14μm光致抗蚀剂曝光显影后的高度是大于宽度7μm光致抗蚀剂的高度。因此,在本发明中,由于W1>W2>W3>W4,因此,显影后图5B所示的梯形体光致抗蚀剂的底面积比为505>506>507>508,而其高度比为h1>h2>h3>h4In addition, the photoresist with a larger bottom area has a higher photoresist height after exposure and development, and vice versa. For example, the height of a photoresist with a width of 14 μm after exposure and development is greater than that of a photoresist with a width of 7 μm. Therefore, in the present invention, since W 1 >W 2 >W 3 >W 4 , the bottom area ratio of the trapezoidal photoresist shown in FIG. 5B after development is 505>506>507>508, and The height ratio thereof is h 1 >h 2 >h 3 >h 4 .

接着,熔融(melting)梯形体光致抗蚀剂505、506、507、及508,以进行平滑化(smooth)步骤。由于光致抗蚀剂主要是由树脂(resin)和具光活性(photoactivity)的感光剂溶于溶剂中所组成,因此显影后的光致抗蚀剂经过加热程序,例如是烘烤(baking),会进一步将光致抗蚀剂内残留的溶剂含量,因蒸发而降到最低。光致抗蚀剂内的溶剂含量降低,可加强光致抗蚀剂对衬底表面的附着性。当加热温度升高至玻璃转变温度(glass transition temperature)时,光致抗蚀剂则软化成为类似玻璃在高温下的熔融化状态,而表面可再流动(reflow)而平滑化。又由于图5B中的梯形体光致抗蚀剂505、506、507、及508底部相连,因此,进行平滑步骤时,多个梯形体光致抗蚀剂可形成多个连续的凸块(contiguous bumps),如图5C所示。由于图5B中的梯形体光致抗蚀剂505、506、507、及508的高度是由高至低排列,因此平滑步骤中再流动的光致抗蚀剂505′、506′、507′、及508′会形成一倾斜角θ。其中,使多个梯形体光致抗蚀剂熔融化的加热温度范围较佳的约在200~230℃之间,加热时间较佳的约为1小时,但并不因而限定本发明,实际应用时,加热温度和时间是视选用的光致抗蚀剂材料特性而定。Next, the trapezoidal photoresists 505, 506, 507, and 508 are melted to perform a smoothing step. Since the photoresist is mainly composed of a resin and a photoactive photosensitive agent dissolved in a solvent, the developed photoresist is subjected to a heating process, such as baking , will further minimize the residual solvent content in the photoresist due to evaporation. The reduced solvent content in the photoresist enhances the adhesion of the photoresist to the substrate surface. When the heating temperature rises to the glass transition temperature, the photoresist softens into a melting state similar to glass at high temperature, and the surface can be reflowed and smoothed. Because the trapezoid photoresists 505, 506, 507, and 508 bottoms in FIG. bumps), as shown in Figure 5C. Since the heights of the trapezoidal photoresists 505, 506, 507, and 508 in FIG. 5B are arranged from high to low, the reflowed photoresists 505', 506', 507', and 508' will form a tilt angle θ. Among them, the heating temperature range for melting the multiple trapezoidal photoresists is preferably about 200-230° C., and the heating time is preferably about 1 hour, but this does not limit the present invention. When, the heating temperature and time are determined according to the characteristics of the selected photoresist material.

参照图6,其表示依照本发明实施例一反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构的立体剖面图。假设光掩模400上的图案包括2组图形(m=2),则依照图5A~5C工艺所形成的光致抗蚀剂,可产生2组具一倾斜角(inclined angle)θ的凸块结构,且每一组由4个(n=4)凸块(bump)自高到低、自大到小连接而成。Referring to FIG. 6 , it shows a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an inclined bump structure on a reflecting mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention. Assuming that the pattern on the photomask 400 includes 2 groups of graphics (m=2), the photoresist formed according to the process of FIGS. block structure, and each group is formed by connecting four (n=4) bumps from high to low and from large to small.

当应用本发明于一液晶显示屏(LCD)的反射镜面时,则在图5C的过程后,在衬底502上镀上一层金属薄膜,并覆盖光致抗蚀剂505′、506′、507′、508′表面(图5C、图6),使金属薄膜的表面如同凹凸起伏的光致抗蚀剂表面一般。此反射镜面的倾斜凸块结构可将光线自多个角度反射,而使LCD达到广视角的效果。When the present invention is applied to the reflecting mirror surface of a liquid crystal display (LCD), then after the process of FIG. 507', 508' surfaces (FIG. 5C, FIG. 6), make the surface of the metal thin film resemble the surface of a photoresist with unevenness. The inclined bump structure of the reflecting mirror surface can reflect light from multiple angles, so that the LCD can achieve a wide viewing angle effect.

由上述可知,倾斜凸块结构代表:由多个凸块(m×n)所形成的多组(m)凸块结构,而每一组凸块结构是由n个凸块所形成,且n个凸块由大到小、由高到低连接而形成具一倾斜角的凸块结构。It can be seen from the above that the inclined bump structure represents: multiple groups (m) of bump structures formed by a plurality of bumps (m×n), and each group of bump structures is formed by n bumps, and n The bumps are connected from large to small and from high to low to form a bump structure with an inclination angle.

当然,在上述实施例中,虽以每一组凸块结构均由n个凸块所组成做说明,然本发明并不因此而受到限制。每一组与每一组之间也可各自包含不同数目的凸块,例如第一组有5个凸块,第二组有6个凸块,第三组有4个凸块,只要改变光掩模上的图案,使曝光、显影、融化后的光致抗蚀剂可产生具一倾斜角凸块结构,即为本发明的技术保护范围。实施例二 Certainly, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although each set of bump structures is described as being composed of n bumps, the present invention is not limited thereto. Each group can also contain different numbers of bumps between each group. For example, the first group has 5 bumps, the second group has 6 bumps, and the third group has 4 bumps. The pattern on the mask enables the exposed, developed and melted photoresist to produce a bump structure with an inclined angle, which is the technical protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment two

在实施例二中,是提供另一具有狭缝的光掩模图形,以进行本发明制造而得到倾斜凸块结构。制造后,实施例二的光致抗蚀剂其凸块聚集度比实施例一更多,即,反射镜面上的凹凸程度提高,光线散射效果更为良好。In the second embodiment, another photomask pattern with slits is provided for the manufacturing of the present invention to obtain the inclined bump structure. After fabrication, the photoresist of Example 2 has a higher degree of bump aggregation than that of Example 1, that is, the degree of concavo-convexity on the reflective mirror surface is improved, and the light scattering effect is better.

实施例二的光掩模上包括有m组图形(m为≥1的正整数),每一组图形由多条长条,自宽到窄排列而成,长条之间的间隙内亦以一狭窄长条为例。m组图形可以随机(random)排列于光掩模上,也可以如同矩阵般整齐排列,例如长边m′组宽边n′组(m=m′×n′)。在本实施例中,为方便叙述,即以m组图形无规排列,且每一组图形均包括n条长条(n为≥2的正整数)做说明。其中,m=4,n=3。The photomask of the second embodiment includes m groups of patterns (m is a positive integer ≥ 1), each group of patterns is formed by a plurality of strips arranged from wide to narrow, and the gaps between the strips are Also take a narrow strip as an example. The m groups of patterns can be randomly arranged on the photomask, or they can be arranged neatly like a matrix, for example, m' groups of long sides and n' groups of wide sides (m=m'×n'). In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, m groups of figures are randomly arranged, and each set of figures includes n strips (n is a positive integer ≥ 2) for illustration. Among them, m=4, n=3.

参照图7,其表示依照本发明实施例二的光掩模的部分俯视图。其中,共有4组图形(即m=4)随机排列于光掩模700上,每一组图形均由3条长条(即n=3)自宽到窄排列而组成,且长条之间更有一狭窄长条。Referring to FIG. 7 , it shows a partial top view of a photomask according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Among them, a total of 4 groups of graphics (ie m=4) are randomly arranged on the photomask 700, and each group of graphics is composed of 3 strips (ie n=3) arranged from wide to narrow, and the strips There is a narrow strip between them.

接着,进行光掩模700的图案转移。其制造如图5A~5C所示,将图5A的光掩模400置换成光掩模700,然后进行如实施例一所述的曝光(exposure)、显影(develop)、及平滑化(smooth)三步骤。其中,光致抗蚀剂为正性光致抗蚀剂,而光掩模700上的斜线部分为不透光区。在此实施例中,还需控制每一组与每一组之间的距离,如图7中所示的d1′、d2′、d3′、d4′、d5′,使熔融化后的各组光致抗蚀剂也能相互连接,使倾斜凸块结构连续的形成于衬底上。Next, pattern transfer of the photomask 700 is performed. Its manufacture is shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C. The photomask 400 in FIG. 5A is replaced with a photomask 700, and then exposure, development, and smoothing are performed as described in Embodiment 1. Three steps. Wherein, the photoresist is a positive photoresist, and the hatched part on the photomask 700 is an opaque area. In this embodiment, it is also necessary to control the distance between each group, such as d 1 ′, d 2 ′, d 3 ′, d 4 ′, d 5 ′ as shown in Fig. Each group of photoresists after formation can also be connected to each other, so that the inclined bump structure can be continuously formed on the substrate.

参照图8,该图是表示以图7的光掩模形成的反射镜面上的凸块结构的立体剖面图。利用光掩模700经制造后所形成的光致抗蚀剂(图8),可产生较图6多的凸块,使光致抗蚀剂表面更为凹凸。当然,光掩模上的m组图形图案若是如同矩阵般整齐排列,如长边m′组宽边n′组的图形(m=m′×n′),也可形成本发明的凸块结构。Referring to FIG. 8 , this figure is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the bump structure on the reflective mirror surface formed by the photomask in FIG. 7 . Using the photoresist formed after the photomask 700 is manufactured ( FIG. 8 ), more bumps can be produced than in FIG. 6 , making the surface of the photoresist more concave-convex. Of course, if the m groups of graphic patterns on the photomask are arranged neatly as a matrix, such as the pattern (m=m'×n') of the long side m' group and the wide side n' group, the bump of the present invention can also be formed structure.

在上述实施例中,虽然是以图4和图7的光掩模图案做说明,但是并不用以限制本发明的范围。例如,可以是m组无规的图案散布于光掩模上,每一组由多个自宽至窄排列的不透光区所组成,也可以是m组图案如矩阵般的排列,至于每一组的不透光区数目可相等于别组的不透光区数目,或不相等,均可使光掩模图案转移后的光致抗蚀剂层产生反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构。此外,光掩模图案的狭缝亦不仅限于图4所示的双狭缝,另可以如图9A所示,在长条(901)1与长条(901)2的间隙(902)1中提供二狭窄长条S11、S12;而长条(901)1与狭窄长条S11、狭窄长条S11与狭窄长条S12、以及狭窄长条S12与长条(901)2,除了可设计为图9A的平行线排列外,更可绘制成如图9B所示,狭缝宽度W维持一定的锯齿状设计等。或是如图10所示,在长条(101)1与长条(101)2的间隙(102)1、(102)2中提供不连续的狭窄长条S。此些具有多狭缝(multi-slits)的光掩模设计也可制成本发明所需的凸块。In the above embodiments, although the photomask patterns in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 are used for illustration, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, m groups of random patterns can be scattered on the photomask, and each group is composed of a plurality of opaque regions arranged from wide to narrow, or m groups of patterns can be arranged like a matrix. As for The number of opaque regions in each group can be equal to the number of opaque regions in other groups, or not equal, so that the photoresist layer after the transfer of the photomask pattern can produce an inclined bump structure on the reflective mirror surface . In addition, the slits of the photomask pattern are not limited to the double slits shown in FIG . Two narrow strips S 11 and S 12 are provided; and the strip (901) 1 and the narrow strip S 11 , the narrow strip S 11 and the narrow strip S 12 , and the narrow strip S 12 and the long strip (901) 2 , in addition to being designed as the parallel line arrangement in FIG. 9A, it can also be drawn as shown in FIG. 9B, and the slit width W maintains a certain zigzag design, etc. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10 , discontinuous narrow strips S are provided in the gaps (102) 1 , (102) 2 between the strips (101) 1 and the strips (101) 2 . Such photomask designs with multi-slits can also produce the desired bumps of the present invention.

另外,在进行一般TFT液晶面板的制造时,除了凸块结构的部分,衬底上还有一些部分需要裸露出来例如用以与电路接触(contact)之用的接触窗,因此其上方的光致抗蚀剂需要完全去除,以免电阻值过大而造成接触不良。而本发明的光掩模在不透光区之间更形成狭长条,其优点就在于:使用一般强度的紫外光进行曝光时,紫外光通过狭长条两侧的狭缝而产生双狭缝绕射,使到达光致抗蚀剂的光量减少,类似曝光不足(under exposure)的情形,因此经过显影后,光致抗蚀剂的底部可相互连接,使熔融化后的光致抗蚀剂可以很顺利的形成连续且具一倾斜角的凸块结构。至于光掩模上相对于需要使衬底裸露的部分,则形成开口使紫外光可完全通过,以便曝光,再经由显影将其上的光致抗蚀剂完全去除。简单的说,本发明可在一般紫外线光量的曝光工艺下,同时完成反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构,及去除衬底接触窗上的光致抗蚀剂。In addition, in the manufacture of general TFT liquid crystal panels, in addition to the part of the bump structure, there are some parts on the substrate that need to be exposed, such as the contact window for contact with the circuit, so the above photosensitive The resist needs to be completely removed to avoid poor contact due to excessive resistance values. In the photomask of the present invention, narrow strips are formed between the opaque regions, and the advantage is that when using ultraviolet light of general intensity for exposure, the ultraviolet light passes through the slits on both sides of the narrow strip to produce double slits. Radiation reduces the amount of light reaching the photoresist, similar to underexposure, so after development, the bottom of the photoresist can be connected to each other, so that the melted photoresist can A continuous bump structure with an inclined angle is formed smoothly. As for the part of the photomask relative to the substrate that needs to be exposed, openings are formed to allow ultraviolet light to pass through completely for exposure, and then the photoresist on it is completely removed through development. To put it simply, the present invention can simultaneously complete the inclined bump structure on the reflection mirror surface and remove the photoresist on the contact window of the substrate under the exposure process of general ultraviolet light.

因此,从另一角度观察,本发明的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构的制造方法,是利用一包括第一区域和第二区域的光掩模对衬底上的感光性材料层进行曝光。其中,第一区域是为一具多狭缝结构的透光区,使感光性材料层的第一部分以曝光不足(under-exposed)方式形成凹部(concave portion),而第二区域则为不透光区,使感光性材料层的第二部分不曝光。接着,进行显影,使感光性材料层的该第二部分经由第一部分而相互接合,而形成多数个底部相连的凸块。然后,平滑化(smooth)感光性材料层,以形成一具有一预设倾斜角(predetermined inclined angle)的连续的凹凸结构(contiguous deformitystructure)。Therefore, viewed from another perspective, the method for manufacturing the inclined bump structure on the mirror surface of the present invention is to use a photomask including the first region and the second region to expose the photosensitive material layer on the substrate. Wherein, the first region is a light-transmitting region with a multi-slit structure, so that the first part of the photosensitive material layer forms a concave portion in an under-exposed manner, while the second region is opaque. The light zone leaves the second portion of the layer of photosensitive material unexposed. Then, developing is carried out, so that the second part of the photosensitive material layer is bonded to each other through the first part, so as to form a plurality of bumps whose bottoms are connected. Then, smoothing the photosensitive material layer to form a contiguous deformity structure with a predetermined inclined angle.

综上所述,本发明利用一具有多狭缝光掩模和简单的工艺,经过单次曝光、显影、及平滑化步骤,即可在反射镜面上形成多组倾斜凸块结构,使光线散射的效果更为良好,而使应用的反射式液晶屏(reflective LCD)达到兼具反射亮度与广视角的目的。此外,当光掩模上组成图案的m与n的数目越多,制成后每单位面积所形成的凸块数目就越多,亦即凸块的聚集度越高,光线散射的效果更为良好。In summary, the present invention utilizes a multi-slit photomask and a simple process to form multiple sets of inclined bump structures on the mirror surface through a single exposure, development, and smoothing steps to scatter light The effect is better, so that the applied reflective LCD screen (reflective LCD) achieves the purpose of both reflective brightness and wide viewing angle. In addition, when the number of m and n forming the pattern on the photomask is more, the number of bumps formed per unit area after fabrication is more, that is, the higher the aggregation degree of bumps is, the more effective the light scattering effect is. good.

本发明上述实施例所揭露的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构及其制造方法,具有以下优点:The inclined bump structure on the reflecting mirror surface and its manufacturing method disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

1.本发明的镜面上的凸块聚集度较传统工艺更为增加,使光线散射效果更良好,进而使应用的反射式液晶屏兼具反射亮度与广视角的优点。1. Compared with the traditional technology, the aggregation degree of bumps on the mirror surface of the present invention is more increased, so that the light scattering effect is better, so that the applied reflective LCD screen has the advantages of reflective brightness and wide viewing angle.

2.只需使用一次曝光的过程即可形成本发明的倾斜凸块结构,使工艺简化,而制造成本和时间因而降低,十分适合批量生产。2. Only one exposure process can be used to form the inclined bump structure of the present invention, which simplifies the process, reduces the manufacturing cost and time, and is very suitable for mass production.

3.只需在一般曝光量下完成本发明的反射镜面上的倾斜凸块结构,并且同时完全去除衬底接触窗上的光致抗蚀剂,因此本发明工艺十分省时,且具有经济效益。3. It is only necessary to complete the inclined bump structure on the reflective mirror surface of the present invention under the general exposure amount, and at the same time completely remove the photoresist on the substrate contact window, so the process of the present invention is very time-saving and economical .

综上所述,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作各种的改变和改型,因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求书的范围所界定的为准。In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, any person of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be able to make various Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the claims.

Claims (21)

1. the manufacture method of the declining lug structure on the mirror surface may further comprise the steps at least:
One substrate is provided;
On this substrate, form a photosensitive material layer;
This photosensitive material layer of block planning is to form a plurality of projections with different floorages, and wherein, the bottom of these projections interconnects; And
Level and smooth these projections have the projection cube structure at a pitch angle with formation.
2. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1 wherein is to utilize baking procedure to make these prismatoid fusionizations and flow, with level and smooth these prismatoids.
3. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, wherein these projections have different height.
4. the manufacture method of the declining lug structure on the mirror surface may further comprise the steps at least:
One substrate is provided;
On this substrate, cover a photosensitive material layer;
This photosensitive material layer of block planning to be forming m picture group case (m be 〉=1 positive integer), and each picture group case is by having different floorages, and the continuous a plurality of projection in bottom is formed; And
Level and smooth these projections are to form the projection cube structure at tool one pitch angle.
5. manufacture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the step of this photosensitive material layer of block planning also comprises exposure and develops.
6. manufacture method as claimed in claim 5 wherein, provides a photomask so that this photosensitive material layer is carried out step of exposure.
7. manufacture method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, comprise m picture group case (m is 〉=1 positive integer) on this photomask, each picture group case is made up of a plurality of strip shading regions with different in width, and also has a long and narrow shading region in the light-permeable gap between adjacent described per two strip shading regions.
8. manufacture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein these projections have different height.
9. manufacture method as claimed in claim 8, wherein, these projections that the bottom links to each other be according to floorage greatly to minispread, make these projections after level and smooth form the projection cube structure that the m group has a pitch angle, and each group projection cube structure is to be formed by connecting to little projection to low, arrogant from height by a plurality of.
10. manufacture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, this m picture group case is to be disposed at regularly on this photosensitive material layer.
11. manufacture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, this m picture group case is to be disposed at randomly on this photosensitive material layer.
12. manufacture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, each picture group case is to have the continuous projection of different floorages and bottom by n to form (n is 〉=2 positive integer).
13. manufacture method as claimed in claim 12, wherein, smoothly these projections after form the projection cube structure at m group tool one pitch angle, and each group projection cube structure is formed by connecting by n projection.
14. the manufacture method of a mirror surface comprises the following steps:
One substrate is provided;
On this substrate, form a photosensitive material layer;
This photosensitive material layer of block planning is to form a plurality of projections that different floorages of tool and bottom link to each other;
Level and smooth these projections are to form a declining lug structure; And
Form a metallic reflector on this substrate, this metallic reflector also covers this declining lug structure.
15. manufacture method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, the step of this photosensitive material layer of block planning also comprises exposure and develops.
16. manufacture method as claimed in claim 14 wherein is to utilize baking procedure to make these prismatoid fusionizations, with level and smooth these prismatoids.
17. manufacture method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, this mirror surface is to use in a reflecting type liquid crystal display panel.
18. the manufacture method of the declining lug structure on the mirror surface may further comprise the steps at least:
On a substrate, form a photosensitive material layer;
This photosensitive material layer that exposes makes the first under-exposure of this photosensitive material layer simultaneously;
This photosensitive material layer that develops is so that this first of this photosensitive material layer forms a recess; And
Level and smooth this photosensitive material layer is to form a continuous concaveconvex structure with a default pitch angle.
19. manufacture method as claimed in claim 18 wherein, provides a photomask so that this photosensitive material layer is exposed.
20. manufacture method as claimed in claim 18, wherein, this photomask comprises the first area to this first that should the photosensitive material layer, and to the second area of a second portion that should the photosensitive material layer, and this first area on this photomask comprises the photic zone of the many narrow slit structures of a tool, and this second area on this photomask then comprises a light tight district.
21. the manufacture method of the declining lug structure on the mirror surface may further comprise the steps at least:
Form a photosensitive material layer on a substrate, wherein, this photosensitive material layer comprises a first area and a second area;
This photosensitive material layer that exposes makes the first under-exposure of this photosensitive material layer simultaneously;
This photosensitive material layer that develops makes this second portion of this photosensitive material layer be bonded with each other via this first; And
This photosensitive material layer of fusion is to form a continuous concaveconvex structure with a default pitch angle.
CN 01137577 2000-09-29 2001-10-30 Declining lug structure on surface of reflector and its mfg method Expired - Fee Related CN1229674C (en)

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CN100443996C (en) * 2006-05-30 2008-12-17 友达光电股份有限公司 Backlight module
CN1704847B (en) * 2004-05-28 2010-11-10 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Light shield and method for making inclined reflection bumpers by using the same
CN101246274B (en) * 2007-02-15 2010-12-22 红蝶科技(深圳)有限公司 Projection type area light source system
CN104199209A (en) * 2014-07-28 2014-12-10 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Mask plate, manufacturing method thereof and manufacturing method of target graph
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CN1704847B (en) * 2004-05-28 2010-11-10 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Light shield and method for making inclined reflection bumpers by using the same
CN100443996C (en) * 2006-05-30 2008-12-17 友达光电股份有限公司 Backlight module
CN101246274B (en) * 2007-02-15 2010-12-22 红蝶科技(深圳)有限公司 Projection type area light source system
CN104199209A (en) * 2014-07-28 2014-12-10 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Mask plate, manufacturing method thereof and manufacturing method of target graph
CN106959553A (en) * 2016-01-11 2017-07-18 凌巨科技股份有限公司 Liquid crystal module
CN106959553B (en) * 2016-01-11 2020-10-09 凌巨科技股份有限公司 Liquid crystal module

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