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CN1369100A - Circuiting for electromagnetic switchgear - Google Patents

Circuiting for electromagnetic switchgear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1369100A
CN1369100A CN00811495A CN00811495A CN1369100A CN 1369100 A CN1369100 A CN 1369100A CN 00811495 A CN00811495 A CN 00811495A CN 00811495 A CN00811495 A CN 00811495A CN 1369100 A CN1369100 A CN 1369100A
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current
energy
coil
circuit according
drive coil
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诺伯特·米特尔迈耶
伯恩哈德·斯特赖克
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Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H47/043—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current making use of an energy accumulator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

电磁开关装置(1)具有一个限流器(5),该限流器(5)将来自电源的电流限制到一个小于吸动电流(IA)的限幅电流(IL)。为了能向驱动线圈供给符合要求的吸动电流(IA),在限流器(5)之后设置了一个储能器(6),该储能器(6)仅在积聚了足够的能量时,才由接通元件(7)将其接通到驱动线圈(2)上。

Figure 00811495

The electromagnetic switching device (1) has a current limiter (5) which limits the current from the power supply to a limiting current (I L ) which is smaller than the pull current (I A ). In order to be able to supply the drive coil with the required pull-in current (I A ), an energy store (6) is arranged after the current limiter (5), which is only available when sufficient energy has accumulated. , it is connected to the drive coil (2) by the connection element (7).

Figure 00811495

Description

用于电磁开关装置的电路Circuits for electromagnetic switching devices

本发明涉及一种用于电磁开关装置的电路，该电磁开关装置至少有一个驱动线圈，在向驱动线圈供给吸动电流时，驱动线圈吸合电磁开关装置的触点排，在随后供给比吸动电流小的保持电流时，触点排保持在吸合状态；该电路有一个限流器，其输入一侧与电源相连，输出一侧与驱动线圈相连，且输出一个限幅电流。The invention relates to a circuit for an electromagnetic switch device, the electromagnetic switch device has at least one drive coil, when the drive coil is supplied with a pull-in current, the drive coil pulls in the contact row of the electromagnetic switch device, and then supplies a pull-in current to the drive coil. When the moving current is small and the holding current is small, the contact row remains in the pull-in state; the circuit has a current limiter, the input side of which is connected to the power supply, and the output side is connected to the driving coil, and outputs a limiting current.

这种电路已经公知。Such circuits are already known.

电磁开关装置，即接触器和继电器，在接通时从电源获得一个很大的吸动电流。此外，吸动电流取决于所施加的供给电压。在现有技术中已经公知，在电磁开关装置之前设置一个限流器，该限流器将吸动电流限制到一个最小可能值而与供给电压无关。然而，这仍然需要一个很大值的最小吸动电流。尤其是接触器很大时，由于高电流负载有可能会对电网起反作用。Electromagnetic switching devices, i.e. contactors and relays, draw a large pull-in current from the power source when switched on. Furthermore, the sink current depends on the applied supply voltage. It is already known in the prior art to arrange a current limiter upstream of the electromagnetic switching device, which limits the pick-up current to a minimum possible value independently of the supply voltage. However, this still requires a large value of minimum sink current. Especially when the contactor is large, it may react against the grid due to the high current load.

本发明要解决的技术问题是，提供一种用于电磁开关装置的电路，其一方面可向驱动线圈供给必需的吸动电流，但另一方面使取自电源的电流明显减小。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a circuit for an electromagnetic switching device which, on the one hand, can supply the necessary pull-in current to the drive coil, but on the other hand, significantly reduces the current drawn from the power supply.

上述技术问题是这样解决的：使限幅电流小于吸动电流；在限流器和驱动线圈之间设置一个储能器；并在储能器和驱动线圈之间设置一个接通元件，只有在向储能器提供了足以吸合触点排的能量时该接通元件才将储能器与驱动线圈接通。The above-mentioned technical problems are solved in this way: make the limiting current smaller than the pulling current; set an energy storage device between the current limiter and the driving coil; and set a connecting element between the energy storage device and the driving coil, only when The switching element does not connect the energy store to the drive coil until the energy store has been supplied with sufficient energy to engage the contact bank.

由于将限幅电流限制在一个比吸动电流小的值上，电源负载相对较小。由于将能量存储在储能器中，可为接通开关装置提供所需的能量。借助接通元件，将阻止储存的能量在还不能确保可靠地接通开关装置的时刻去接通驱动线圈。Since the clipping current is limited to a value smaller than the sink current, the load on the power supply is relatively small. Due to the energy storage in the energy store, the energy required to switch on the switching device can be supplied. By means of the switch-on element, the stored energy is prevented from switching on the drive coil at a point in time when a reliable switch-on of the switching device cannot yet be ensured.

储能器原则上可以是任意的。例如可以考虑采用由小电动机带动的机械摆锤或弹簧预应力。但通常利用电储能器，如蓄电池，尤其是电容器。The energy store can in principle be of any kind. For example, a mechanical pendulum driven by a small electric motor or a spring pretension are conceivable. Usually, however, electrical energy stores are used, such as accumulators, especially capacitors.

当储能器具有一个最大的能量，且该最大能量足以使触点排至少作两次前后相随的吸合，则电磁开关装置的操作可靠性将明显提高。When the energy accumulator has a maximum energy, and the maximum energy is sufficient to make the contact row pull in at least twice successively, the operating reliability of the electromagnetic switching device will be significantly improved.

当限幅电流可调节时，该电路可以在各种需要不同保持电流的电磁开关装置中通用。尤其在这种情况下可将限幅电流这样调节，使其略大于保持电流。When the limiting current is adjustable, the circuit can be used commonly in various electromagnetic switching devices requiring different holding currents. In particular in this case the limiting current can be set such that it is slightly greater than the holding current.

限幅电流的可调节性例如可以通过下述方式实现：限流器具有一个通断时间比可调节的充电元件。Adjustability of the limiting current can be achieved, for example, in that the current limiter has a charging element with an adjustable on-off time ratio.

通断时间比的调节例如能通过脉冲宽度调制来实现。The regulation of the on-off time ratio can be realized, for example, by means of pulse width modulation.

当在充电元件之前设置一个带有反向并联自振荡二极管的扼流圈时，则在供电侧不会产生电流突变。If a choke coil with an antiparallel self-oscillating diode is arranged upstream of the charging element, no sudden changes in the current flow will occur on the supply side.

当接通元件在达到开关阈时才将储能器与驱动线圈接通、且该开关阈是可调节的情况，该电路可适用于各种具有不同吸动电流的电磁开关装置。When the switching element connects the energy accumulator and the driving coil only when the switching threshold is reached, and the switching threshold is adjustable, the circuit can be applied to various electromagnetic switching devices with different pull currents.

当可向该接通元件送入一个接通信号，且该接通元件仅在被施加接通信号时才将储能器与驱动线圈接通，则有可能对储能器预先储存能量，一施加接通信号就将触点排吸合。If a switch-on signal can be fed to the switch-on element, and the switch-on element connects the energy store to the drive coil only when the switch-on signal is applied, it is possible to pre-store energy in the energy store, a Applying the ON signal pulls the contact strips together.

当在限流器之前设置一个整流器时，该电路既可适用于直流供电，也可适用于交流供电。When a rectifier is placed before the current limiter, the circuit can be used for both DC and AC power supplies.

进一步的优点和详细情况可从下面对实施方式的描述得知。Further advantages and details emerge from the description of embodiments below.

图1所示为配置上述电路的电磁开关装置。Fig. 1 shows an electromagnetic switch device configured with the above circuit.

按照图1，电磁开关装置1具有一个驱动线圈2和一排触点排3。按照实施方式，该电磁开关装置1为接触器。同样其还可以是继电器。According to FIG. 1 , an electromagnetic switching device 1 has a drive coil 2 and a row of contact rows 3 . According to an embodiment, the electromagnetic switching device 1 is a contactor. It can likewise also be a relay.

当向驱动线圈2供给吸动电流IA时，触点排3吸合。在触点排3吸合后，为保持触点排3处于吸合状态，可以向驱动线圈2供给比吸动电流IA小的保持电流IH。如果向驱动线圈2供给的电流小于保持电流IH，则触点排3转换到非吸合状态。触点排3的重新吸合仅在向驱动线圈2供给吸动电流IA时才有可能。When the driving coil 2 is supplied with a pulling current I A , the contact row 3 is pulled in. After the contact row 3 is pulled in, in order to keep the contact row 3 in the pull-in state, a holding current I H smaller than the pull-in current I A can be supplied to the driving coil 2 . If the current supplied to the drive coil 2 is less than the holding current I H , the contact bank 3 switches to the non-pulling state. Re-engagement of the contact bank 3 is only possible when the drive coil 2 is supplied with a pick-up current IA .

在开关装置1之前设置了一个线圈电流调节器4，其将流过驱动线圈2的电流调节到IA、IH或O。若不采取进一步的措施，到目前为止已描述过的电路仍会以触点排3吸合时产生的吸动电流IA对供电网产生很高的电流负载。A coil current regulator 4 is arranged upstream of the switching device 1 , which regulates the current flowing through the drive coil 2 to I A , I H or O. If no further measures are taken, the circuit described so far would still generate a high current load on the supply network with the pick-up current I A generated when the contact strips 3 are closed.

为了避免这样的尖峰负载，在线圈电流调节器4之前设置一个限流器5。该限流器5的输入侧与供给电压为U的电源相连。该限流器5的输出侧经过将在后面作进一步描述的其他元件与线圈电流调节器4相连，从而间接与驱动线圈2相连。In order to avoid such peak loads, a current limiter 5 is arranged upstream of the coil current regulator 4 . The input side of the current limiter 5 is connected to a power source whose supply voltage is U. The output side of the current limiter 5 is connected to the coil current regulator 4 through other components which will be further described later, and thus indirectly connected to the driving coil 2 .

对限流器5这样进行控制，使其送出一个小于吸动电流IA的限幅电流IL。在理想情况下，该限幅电流IL略大于保持电流IH，例如大5-10％。The current limiter 5 is controlled in such a way that it sends out a limiting current I L that is smaller than the pickup current I A . Ideally, the limiting current I L is slightly larger than the holding current I H , eg 5-10% larger.

设置在限流器5与驱动线圈2之间，或更确切地说与线圈电流调节器4之间的储能器6由限幅电流IL充电。按照图1储能器6为储能电容器6。An energy store 6 arranged between the current limiter 5 and the drive coil 2 , or more precisely the coil current regulator 4 , is charged by the limiting current IL . According to FIG. 1 the energy store 6 is an energy storage capacitor 6 .

在储能器6与驱动线圈2或线圈电流调节器4之间设置了一个接通元件7。储能器6借助于此接通元件7集聚能量。接通元件7仅在储能器6被充电到足以使触点排3吸合的能量时才将储能器6与驱动线圈2或线圈电流调节器4接通。A switching element 7 is arranged between the energy store 6 and the drive coil 2 or the coil current regulator 4 . The energy store 6 accumulates energy by means of this connection element 7 . The switching element 7 only connects the energy store 6 with the drive coil 2 or the coil current regulator 4 when the energy store 6 has been charged with enough energy to pull the contact bank 3 in.

在储能器6为储能电容器6时，储能器6的能量直接由储能电容器6的容量和一个经储能电容器而下降的存储电压US来给定。在这种情况下，只须将此存储电压US与一个外部预先给定的、从而可调节的开关阈US *作比较。在这种情况下，当存储电压US大于或等于开关阈US *时，接通元件7将储能器6与驱动线圈2接通。When the energy storage 6 is an energy storage capacitor 6, the energy of the energy storage 6 is directly determined by the capacity of the energy storage capacitor 6 and a storage voltage U S dropped by the energy storage capacitor. In this case, it is only necessary to compare this stored voltage U S with an externally predetermined and thus adjustable switching threshold U S * . In this case, the switching element 7 connects the energy store 6 with the drive coil 2 when the storage voltage U S is greater than or equal to the switching threshold U S * .

如前所述，向该电路提供供给电压U。从而，在采用储能电容器6作为储能器6时，其最大能量由其容量和供给电压U来确定。最好储能电容器6的容量被这样设定，让储能电容器6的能量足以使触点排3至少作两次前后相随的吸合。As previously mentioned, the circuit is supplied with a supply voltage U. Thus, when the energy storage capacitor 6 is used as the energy storage device 6 , its maximum energy is determined by its capacity and the supply voltage U. Preferably, the capacity of the energy storage capacitor 6 is set so that the energy of the energy storage capacitor 6 is enough to make the contact bank 3 do at least two successive suctions.

按照图1，限流器5有一个由控制电路9控制的充电元件8。该充电元件也交替地接通和断开。接通时间与断开时间的比值给出了通断时间比。通过改变通断时间比能将限幅电流IL调节到最大电流IL *。通断时间比例如可以通过脉冲宽度调制来调节。According to FIG. 1 , the current limiter 5 has a charging element 8 which is controlled by a control circuit 9 . The charging element is also switched on and off alternately. The ratio of on-time to off-time gives the on-time ratio. The limiting current I L can be adjusted to the maximum current I L * by changing the on-off time ratio. The on-off time ratio can be adjusted, for example, by pulse width modulation.

在限流器5之前设置一个扼流圈10。自振荡二极管11与该扼流圈10反向并联。从而对供电网形成一个均匀的电流负载，因为扼流圈10限制了电流变化。A choke 10 is arranged upstream of the current limiter 5 . A self-oscillating diode 11 is connected antiparallel to this choke coil 10 . This results in a uniform current load on the supply network, since the choke coil 10 limits current variations.

在达到开关阈US *时始终无条件地接通接通元件7是可能的。在这种情况下，开关装置1通过施加供给电压U来接通。但还有另一种可能，即始终施加供给电压U，并向接通元件7输送一个单独的接通信号S。在这种情况下，仅当储能器6具有足够的能量、且向接通元件施加接通信号S时，接通元件7才将储能器6接通到驱动线圈2或线圈电流调节器4上。在这种情况下也可能对储能器6预先储存能量。It is always possible to switch on the switching element 7 unconditionally when the switching threshold U S * is reached. In this case, the switching device 1 is switched on by applying the supply voltage U. However, it is also possible to always apply the supply voltage U and to supply a separate switch-on signal S to the switch-on element 7 . In this case, the switch-on element 7 switches the energy store 6 to the drive coil 2 or the coil current regulator only when the energy store 6 has sufficient energy and a switch-on signal S is applied to the switch-on element 4 on. In this case it is also possible to pre-store energy in the energy store 6 .

按照图1，与扼流圈10和自振荡二极管11一起还设置了一个带支座式电容器13的整流器12。从而该电路可以根据选择供给直流电或交流电。According to FIG. 1 , a rectifier 12 with a standoff capacitor 13 is also provided together with the choke coil 10 and the freewheeling diode 11 . The circuit can thus be supplied with DC or AC power as selected.

通过对电路作合适的设计选择，图1所描述的线圈电流调节器4可以省去。因为在储能器6放电后输送给驱动线圈2的电流被迫下降到限幅电流IL。当限幅电流IL略大于保持电流IH，且储能器6的能量被限定得足够小时，限流器5起到与线圈电流调节器相同的作用。因而不再需要单独的线圈电流调节器。By making suitable design choices for the circuit, the coil current regulator 4 described in FIG. 1 can be omitted. This is because the current supplied to the drive coil 2 is forced to drop to the limiting current IL after the discharge of the energy store 6 . When the limiting current I L is slightly larger than the holding current I H , and the energy of the accumulator 6 is limited enough, the current limiter 5 plays the same role as the coil current regulator. A separate coil current regulator is thus no longer required.

Claims (10)

1.一种用于电磁开关装置(1)的电路，该电磁开关装置(1)具有至少一个驱动线圈(2)，在向驱动线圈(2)供给吸动电流(IA)时，驱动线圈(2)吸合电磁开关装置(1)的触点排(3)，在随后供给比吸动电流(IA)小的保持电流(IH)时，触点排(3)保持在吸合状态；该电路有一个限流器(5)，其输入一侧与电源相连，输出一侧与驱动线圈(2)相连，且输出一个限幅电流(IL)，其特征在于：限幅电流(IL)小于吸动电流(IA)；在限流器(5)和驱动线圈(2)之间设置一个储能器(6)；在储能器(6)和驱动线圈(2)之间设置一个接通元件(7)，只有在向储能器(6)提供了足以吸合触点排(3)的能量时，该接通元件(7)才将储能器(6)与驱动线圈(2)接通。1. A circuit for an electromagnetic switching device (1) having at least one drive coil (2) which, when a pull current ( IA ) is supplied to the drive coil (2), drives the coil (2) The contact row (3) of the electromagnetic switch device (1) is pulled in, and when a holding current (I H ) smaller than the pull-in current (I A ) is subsequently supplied, the contact row (3) remains in the pull-in state state; the circuit has a current limiter (5), its input side is connected with the power supply, and its output side is connected with the drive coil (2), and outputs a limiting current (I L ), which is characterized in that: the limiting current (I L ) is less than the pull current (I A ); an energy storage device (6) is set between the current limiter (5) and the driving coil (2); between the energy storage device (6) and the driving coil (2) A connecting element (7) is arranged between them, and only when the energy accumulator (6) is supplied with energy sufficient to attract the contact bank (3) will the connecting element (7) switch the accumulator (6) Connect with drive coil (2). 2.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于：该储能器(6)为储能电容器(6)。2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy storage device (6) is an energy storage capacitor (6). 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电路，其特征在于：该储能器(6)具有一个最大的能量，该最大能量足以使触点排(3)至少作两次前后相随的吸合。3. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the accumulator (6) has a maximum energy, which is sufficient to make the contact row (3) at least twice successively absorb combine. 4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的电路，其特征在于：所述限幅电流(IL)是可调节的。4. The circuit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the limiting current (IL) is adjustable. 5.根据权利要求4所述的电路，其特征在于：该限流器(5)具有一个通断时间比可调节的充电元件(8)。5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that the current limiter (5) has a charging element (8) with an adjustable on-off time ratio. 6.根据权利要求5所述的电路，其特征在于：通断时间比的调节是通过脉冲宽度调制来实现的。6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: the adjustment of the on-off time ratio is realized by pulse width modulation. 7.根据权利要求5或6所述的电路，其特征在于：在充电元件(8)之前设置一个带有反向并联自振荡二极管(11)的扼流圈(10)。7. The circuit as claimed in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a choke coil (10) with an anti-parallel self-oscillating diode (11) is arranged upstream of the charging element (8). 8.根据上述权利要求中任何一项所述的电路，其特征在于：接通元件(7)在达到开关阈(US *)时将储能器(6)与驱动线圈(2)接通，且该开关阈是可调节的。8. Circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching element (7) switches the energy store (6) with the drive coil (2) when the switching threshold (U S * ) is reached , and the switching threshold is adjustable. 9.根据上述权利要求中任何一项所述的电路，其特征在于：可向接通元件(7)输送一个接通信号(S)，且该接通元件(7)仅仅在被施加接通信号(S)时才将储能器(6)与驱动线圈(2)接通。9. Circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a switch-on signal (S) can be supplied to the switch-on element (7), and the switch-on element (7) is only switched on when applied The energy storage (6) is connected with the drive coil (2) only when the signal (S) is applied. 10.根据上述权利要求中任何一项所述的电路，其特征在于：在限流器(5)之前设置一个整流器(12)。10. Circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rectifier (12) is arranged upstream of the current limiter (5).
CN00811495A 1999-08-12 2000-08-11 Circuiting for electromagnetic switchgear Pending CN1369100A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19938112.7 1999-08-12
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DE102004038527A1 (en) * 2004-08-07 2006-03-16 Audi Ag Circuit arrangement for motor vehicles has device suitable for limiting current amplitude by feeding clocked signal, especially by high frequency clocking
JP4359855B2 (en) 2007-07-09 2009-11-11 Ｓｍｃ株式会社 Solenoid valve drive circuit and solenoid valve
GB2455569B (en) * 2007-12-14 2010-02-17 Renium Ltd Electro-mechanical actuator
DE102008045149B4 (en) * 2008-09-01 2016-03-31 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Circuit arrangement for connection to a fail-safe output of a controller
DE102010030693A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for e.g. motor car, has switching element coupled to connection unit and pre-charge circuit in switch positions, where pre-charge circuit is provided with ohmic resistor and inductor that are connected in series
CN104064403B (en) * 2013-03-22 2016-05-04 海洋王（东莞）照明科技有限公司 A Control Circuit for Reducing Relay Power Consumption

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US4716490A (en) * 1987-04-03 1987-12-29 George Alexanian Power saving module
DE19617110A1 (en) * 1996-04-19 1997-10-23 Siemens Ag Circuit arrangement for operating an electromagnet

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DE50004180D1 (en) 2003-11-27

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