CN106026687A - Permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026687A CN106026687A CN201610452076.7A CN201610452076A CN106026687A CN 106026687 A CN106026687 A CN 106026687A CN 201610452076 A CN201610452076 A CN 201610452076A CN 106026687 A CN106026687 A CN 106026687A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
- H02M5/453—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种永磁同步电驱动系统，包括：永磁同步发电机、第一转换装置、第二转换装置、永磁同步电动机、第一检测器、第二检测器以及控制器；永磁同步发电机的输出连接第一转换装置的输入，第一转换装置的输出连接第二转换装置的输入，第二转换装置的输出连接永磁同步电动机的输入；第一和第二检测器分别连接控制器；第一检测器检测直流母线电压并发送给控制器，第二检测器检测负载的运行状况并发送给控制器，控制器根据上述两个信号向第一和第二转换装置发送控制信号，第一和第二转换装置根据上述两个控制信号进行转换，以调整永磁同步发电机的输出功率以及输出给永磁同步电动机的输出功率。本发明可实现单位功率因数控制。
The invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system, comprising: a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a first conversion device, a second conversion device, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first detector, a second detector and a controller; The output of the magnetic synchronous generator is connected to the input of the first conversion device, the output of the first conversion device is connected to the input of the second conversion device, and the output of the second conversion device is connected to the input of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; the first and second detectors are respectively Connect the controller; the first detector detects the DC bus voltage and sends it to the controller, the second detector detects the operating status of the load and sends it to the controller, and the controller sends control to the first and second conversion devices according to the above two signals Signals, the first and second conversion devices convert according to the above two control signals to adjust the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator and the output power output to the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The invention can realize unit power factor control.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电机技术领域，尤其涉及一种永磁同步电驱动系统。The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system.
背景技术Background technique
传统的电机驱动系统，存在局限性。首先，驱动系统功率密度低，导致电机体积、重量和功率器件的容量增高。对于功率较大的驱动系统，简单的采用更大规格的电机和变流器，使得系统的比功率、比能量降低。体积大，功率密度低是传统驱动系统的主要问题。Traditional motor drive systems have limitations. First of all, the power density of the drive system is low, resulting in increased motor volume, weight and capacity of power devices. For a drive system with a larger power, simply adopting a larger-sized motor and a converter reduces the specific power and specific energy of the system. Large volume and low power density are the main problems of conventional drive systems.
目前的电机驱动系统采用不控整流时，功率因数低，且不可控；电机制动时，容易产生很高的回馈能量和泵升电压，在传统驱动系统中依赖直流电容吸收能量造成系统不可靠。其次，现代电机驱动系统要求在较宽的转速和转矩工作区内，保持较高的能量效率，可实现再生制动时的高能量回收效率。传统驱动系统调速范围较窄，难以实现在低速区提供大转矩、高速区输出高功率的性能要求。When the current motor drive system adopts uncontrolled rectification, the power factor is low and uncontrollable; when the motor brakes, it is easy to generate high feedback energy and pump voltage, and the traditional drive system relies on DC capacitors to absorb energy, making the system unreliable . Second, modern motor drive systems require high energy efficiency over a wide operating range of speed and torque, enabling high energy recovery efficiency during regenerative braking. The speed regulation range of the traditional drive system is narrow, and it is difficult to meet the performance requirements of providing high torque in the low speed area and outputting high power in the high speed area.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题的一种永磁同步电驱动系统。The present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.
本发明提供一种永磁同步电驱动系统，包括：用于产生交流电的永磁同步发电机、用于将交流电转换成直流电的可控的第一转换装置、用于将直流电转换成交流电的可控的第二转换装置、用于为负载提供动力的永磁同步电动机、第一检测器、第二检测器以及控制器；The invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system, comprising: a permanent magnet synchronous generator for generating alternating current, a controllable first conversion device for converting alternating current into direct current, a controllable first converting device for converting direct current into alternating current A controlled second conversion device, a permanent magnet synchronous motor for powering a load, a first detector, a second detector and a controller;
所述永磁同步发电机的输出端连接所述第一转换装置的输入端，所述第一转换装置的输出端连接所述第二转换装置的输入端，所述第二转换装置的输出端连接所述永磁同步电动机的输入端；所述第一检测器和所述第二检测器分别连接所述控制器；所述第一检测器检测所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置的连接线路上的直流母线电压，并将所述直流母线电压发送给控制器，所述第二检测器检测所述负载的运行状况，并将所述负载的运行状况发送给所述控制器，所述控制器根据所述直流母线电压向所述第一转换装置发送第一控制信号，并根据所述负载的运行状况向所述第二转换装置发送第二控制信号，所述第一转换装置根据所述第一控制信号进行转换，以调整所述永磁同步发电机的输出功率，所述第二转换装置根据所述第二控制信号进行转换，以调整输出给所述永磁同步电动机的输出功率。The output end of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is connected to the input end of the first conversion device, the output end of the first conversion device is connected to the input end of the second conversion device, and the output end of the second conversion device connected to the input end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; the first detector and the second detector are respectively connected to the controller; the first detector detects the first conversion device and the second conversion The DC bus voltage on the connection line of the device, and send the DC bus voltage to the controller, and the second detector detects the operating status of the load, and sends the operating status of the load to the controller , the controller sends a first control signal to the first conversion device according to the DC bus voltage, and sends a second control signal to the second conversion device according to the operating condition of the load, the first conversion The device converts according to the first control signal to adjust the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the second conversion device converts according to the second control signal to adjust the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous motor output power.
优选的，所述永磁同步电驱动系统还包括：用于储存电能的超级电容储能电路以及切换电路；Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system further includes: a supercapacitor energy storage circuit and a switching circuit for storing electric energy;
所述超级电容储能电路连接所述切换电路，所述切换电路连接所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置，所述控制器连接所述切换电路；The supercapacitor energy storage circuit is connected to the switching circuit, the switching circuit is connected to the first conversion device and the second conversion device, and the controller is connected to the switching circuit;
所述控制器根据所述直流母线电压向所述切换电路发送第三控制信号；所述切换电路根据所述第三控制信号切换所述超级电容储能电路储能电能或释放电能。The controller sends a third control signal to the switching circuit according to the DC bus voltage; the switching circuit switches the supercapacitor energy storage circuit to store electric energy or release electric energy according to the third control signal.
优选的，所述切换电路包括：双向DC/DC变换器；Preferably, the switching circuit includes: a bidirectional DC/DC converter;
所述双向DC/DC变换器包括第一开关管、第二开关管、第一二极管和第二二极管；所述第一二极管的两端分别连接在所述第一开关管的两个导通端形成第一侧电路，所述第二二极管的两端分别连接所述第二开关管的两个导通端形成第二侧电路，所述第一侧电路和所述第二侧电路串联后与所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置并联，且连接在所述第一转换装置的输出端和所述第二转换装置的输入端之间；所述超级电容储能电路和所述第二侧电路并联；The bidirectional DC/DC converter includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first diode and a second diode; both ends of the first diode are respectively connected to the first switch tube The two conduction ends of the second diode form a first side circuit, and the two ends of the second diode are respectively connected to the two conduction ends of the second switch tube to form a second side circuit, and the first side circuit and the The second side circuit is connected in parallel with the first conversion device and the second conversion device after being connected in series, and is connected between the output end of the first conversion device and the input end of the second conversion device; The supercapacitor energy storage circuit is connected in parallel with the second side circuit;
所述控制器连接所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管的控制端，用于根据所述直流母线电压向所述第一开关管的控制端和所述第二开关管的控制端发送第三控制信号，所述第一开关管的两个导通端根据所述第一开关管的控制端接收到的所述第三控制信号导通或断开，所述第二开关管的两个导通端根据所述第一开关管的控制端接收到的所述第三控制信号导通或断开。The controller is connected to the control terminal of the first switching tube and the second switching tube, and is used to provide the control terminal of the first switching tube and the control terminal of the second switching tube according to the DC bus voltage. sending a third control signal, the two conduction terminals of the first switch tube are turned on or off according to the third control signal received by the control terminal of the first switch tube, and the The two conduction ends are turned on or off according to the third control signal received by the control end of the first switch tube.
优选的，所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管为三极管或场效应管。Preferably, the first switch transistor and the second switch transistor are transistors or field effect transistors.
优选的，所述双向DC/DC变换器还包括第一电感；Preferably, the bidirectional DC/DC converter further includes a first inductor;
所述第一电感的一端连接在所述第一侧电路和所述第二侧电路的连接点上以作为所述双向DC/DC变换器的输出端。One end of the first inductor is connected to the connection point of the first side circuit and the second side circuit as the output end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
优选的，所述超级电容储能电路包括第二电感、第三电感和超级电容；Preferably, the supercapacitor energy storage circuit includes a second inductance, a third inductance and a supercapacitor;
所述第三电感和所述超级电容串联形成串联电路，所述串联电路和所述第二电感并联，且所述串联电路和所述第二电感并联的并联电路的两端作为所述超级电容储能电路的两个输出端。The third inductor and the supercapacitor are connected in series to form a series circuit, the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second inductor, and the two ends of the parallel circuit of the series circuit and the second inductor are used as the supercapacitor The two output terminals of the tank circuit.
优选的，所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置采用双向PWM变流器。Preferably, the first conversion device and the second conversion device use bidirectional PWM converters.
优选的，所述双向PWM变流器采用背靠背双PWM变流器。Preferably, the bidirectional PWM converter adopts back-to-back dual PWM converters.
优选的，所述永磁同步电驱动系统还包括直流母线电容；Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system further includes a DC bus capacitor;
所述第一转换装置、所述直流母线电容和所述第二转换装置并联。The first conversion device, the DC bus capacitor and the second conversion device are connected in parallel.
优选的，所述第一转换装置和第二转换装置均采用可控的三相变流器。Preferably, both the first conversion device and the second conversion device use controllable three-phase converters.
由上述技术方案可知，本发明的永磁同步电驱动系统的所述第一转换装置从所述永磁同步发电机吸取电能，需要从电网吸收有功和无功功率，运行在整流工作状态，通过检测所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置的连接线路上的直流母线电压，调整所述永磁同步发电机的输出功率，可实现单位功率因数控制，即所述永磁同步发电机输出电压电流同相位的正阻特性。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the first conversion device of the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system of the present invention absorbs electric energy from the permanent magnet synchronous generator, needs to absorb active and reactive power from the grid, and operates in a rectification working state, through Detecting the DC bus voltage on the connection line between the first conversion device and the second conversion device, adjusting the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, can realize unity power factor control, that is, the permanent magnet synchronous generator The positive resistance characteristic of the output voltage and current in the same phase.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本发明一实施例提供的一种永磁同步电驱动系统的结构图；Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明一实施例提供的一种永磁同步电驱动系统的能量流动图。Fig. 2 is an energy flow diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
图1是本发明一实施例提供的一种永磁同步电驱动系统的结构图；Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明一实施例提供的一种永磁同步电驱动系统的能量流动图。Fig. 2 is an energy flow diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
如图1和图2所示的一种永磁同步电驱动系统，包括：用于产生交流电的永磁同步发电机P1、用于将交流电转换成直流电的可控的第一转换装置、用于将直流电转换成交流电的可控的第二转换装置、用于为负载提供动力的永磁同步电动机P2、第一检测器、第二检测器以及控制器；第一检测器、第二检测器以及控制器在图中未示出。A permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including: a permanent magnet synchronous generator P1 for generating alternating current, a controllable first conversion device for converting alternating current into direct current, A controllable second converting device for converting direct current into alternating current, a permanent magnet synchronous motor P2 for providing power to a load, a first detector, a second detector and a controller; the first detector, the second detector and The controller is not shown in the figure.
所述永磁同步发电机P1的输出端连接所述第一转换装置的输入端，所述第一转换装置的输出端连接所述第二转换装置的输入端，所述第二转换装置的输出端连接所述永磁同步电动机P2的输入端；所述第一检测器和所述第二检测器分别连接所述控制器；所述第一检测器检测所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置的连接线路上的直流母线电压，并将所述直流母线电压发送给控制器，所述第二检测器检测所述负载的运行状况，并将所述负载的运行状况发送给所述控制器，所述控制器根据所述直流母线电压向所述第一转换装置发送第一控制信号，并根据所述负载的运行状况向所述第二转换装置发送第二控制信号，所述第一转换装置根据所述第一控制信号进行转换，以调整所述永磁同步发电机P1的输出功率，所述第二转换装置根据所述第二控制信号进行转换，以调整输出给所述永磁同步电动机P2的输出功率。The output end of the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1 is connected to the input end of the first conversion device, the output end of the first conversion device is connected to the input end of the second conversion device, and the output of the second conversion device connected to the input terminal of the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2; the first detector and the second detector are respectively connected to the controller; the first detector detects the first switching device and the second secondly convert the DC bus voltage on the connection line of the device, and send the DC bus voltage to the controller, and the second detector detects the operating status of the load, and sends the operating status of the load to the a controller, the controller sends a first control signal to the first conversion device according to the DC bus voltage, and sends a second control signal to the second conversion device according to the operating condition of the load, the first A conversion device converts according to the first control signal to adjust the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1, and the second conversion device converts according to the second control signal to adjust the output power to the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1. The output power of the magnetic synchronous motor P2.
本发明的永磁同步电驱动系统的所述第一转换装置从所述永磁同步发电机P1吸取电能，需要从电网吸收有功和无功功率，运行在整流工作状态，通过检测所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置的连接线路上的直流母线电压，调整所述永磁同步发电机P1的输出功率，可实现单位功率因数控制，即所述永磁同步发电机P1输出电压电流同相位的正阻特性。The first conversion device of the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system of the present invention absorbs electric energy from the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1, needs to absorb active and reactive power from the grid, and operates in a rectification working state. By detecting the first The DC bus voltage on the connection line between the conversion device and the second conversion device adjusts the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1 to realize unity power factor control, that is, the output voltage and current of the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1 Positive resistance characteristics of the same phase.
根据所述负载的运行状况调整输出给所述永磁同步电动机P2的输出功率，以使系统满足负载的动力需求。The output power output to the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2 is adjusted according to the operating condition of the load, so that the system meets the power demand of the load.
如图1所示，作为一种优选实施例，所述永磁同步电驱动系统还包括：用于储存电能的超级电容储能电路E以及切换电路F；As shown in Figure 1, as a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system further includes: a supercapacitor energy storage circuit E and a switching circuit F for storing electric energy;
所述超级电容储能电路E连接所述切换电路F，所述切换电路F连接所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置，所述控制器连接所述切换电路F；The supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is connected to the switching circuit F, the switching circuit F is connected to the first conversion device and the second conversion device, and the controller is connected to the switching circuit F;
所述控制器根据所述直流母线电压向所述切换电路F发送第三控制信号；所述切换电路F根据所述第三控制信号切换所述超级电容储能电路E储能电能或释放电能。The controller sends a third control signal to the switching circuit F according to the DC bus voltage; the switching circuit F switches the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E to store electric energy or release electric energy according to the third control signal.
可以理解的是，可在所述第一检测器检测到直流母线电压高于预设值(一般为额定值)时，所述切换电路F工作在降压模式，所述超级电容储能电路E处于充电状态，从而将多余的能量存储起来；在所述第一检测器检测到直流母线电压低于预设值(一般为额定值)时，所述切换电路F工作在升压模式，所述超级电容储能电路E处于放电状态，为所述永磁同步电动机P2提供电能。It can be understood that, when the first detector detects that the DC bus voltage is higher than a preset value (generally a rated value), the switching circuit F works in a step-down mode, and the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E It is in a charging state, so as to store excess energy; when the first detector detects that the DC bus voltage is lower than a preset value (generally a rated value), the switching circuit F works in a boost mode, and the The supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is in a discharge state, providing electric energy for the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2.
作为一种优选实施例，所述切换电路F包括：双向DC/DC变换器；As a preferred embodiment, the switching circuit F includes: a bidirectional DC/DC converter;
所述双向DC/DC变换器包括第一开关管K1、第二开关管K2、第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2；所述第一二极管D1的两端分别连接在所述第一开关管K1的两个导通端形成第一侧电路，所述第二二极管D2的两端分别连接所述第二开关管K2的两个导通端形成第二侧电路，所述第一侧电路和所述第二侧电路串联后与所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置并联，且连接在所述第一转换装置的输出端和所述第二转换装置的输入端之间；所述超级电容储能电路E和所述第二侧电路并联；The bidirectional DC/DC converter includes a first switch tube K1, a second switch tube K2, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2; both ends of the first diode D1 are respectively connected to the The two conduction ends of the first switch tube K1 form a first side circuit, and the two ends of the second diode D2 are respectively connected to the two conduction ends of the second switch tube K2 to form a second side circuit, The first side circuit and the second side circuit are connected in parallel to the first conversion device and the second conversion device after being connected in series, and connected to the output terminal of the first conversion device and the second conversion device Between the input terminals; the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is connected in parallel with the second side circuit;
所述控制器连接所述第一开关管K1和所述第二开关管K2的控制端，用于根据所述直流母线电压向所述第一开关管K1的控制端和所述第二开关管K2的控制端发送第三控制信号，所述第一开关管K1的两个导通端根据所述第一开关管K1的控制端接收到的所述第三控制信号导通或断开，所述第二开关管K2的两个导通端根据所述第一开关管K1的控制端接收到的所述第三控制信号导通或断开。The controller is connected to the control terminal of the first switching tube K1 and the second switching tube K2, and is used to provide the control terminal of the first switching tube K1 and the second switching tube according to the DC bus voltage. The control terminal of K2 sends a third control signal, and the two conduction terminals of the first switch tube K1 are turned on or off according to the third control signal received by the control terminal of the first switch tube K1, so The two conducting terminals of the second switching tube K2 are turned on or off according to the third control signal received by the control terminal of the first switching tube K1.
本切换电路F的工作原理为：在所述第一检测器检测到直流母线电压高于预设值(一般为额定值)时，控制器控制第一开关管K1导通，第二开关管K2截止，所述切换电路F工作在降压模式，超级电容储能电路E处于充电状态，从而将多余的能量存储起来；在所述检测器检测到直流母线电压低于预设值(一般为额定值)时，控制器控制第一开关管K1截止，第二开关管K2导通，所述切换电路F工作在升压模式，超级电容储能电路E处于放电状态，为所述永磁同步电动机P2提供电能。The working principle of the switching circuit F is: when the first detector detects that the DC bus voltage is higher than the preset value (generally the rated value), the controller controls the first switching tube K1 to conduct, and the second switching tube K2 At the end, the switching circuit F works in the step-down mode, and the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is in a charging state, thereby storing excess energy; when the detector detects that the DC bus voltage is lower than a preset value (generally the rated value), the controller controls the first switch tube K1 to be cut off, the second switch tube K2 to be turned on, the switching circuit F works in the boost mode, and the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is in a discharging state, which is the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2 provides electrical energy.
作为一种优选实施例，所述第一开关管K1和所述第二开关管K2为三极管或场效应管。还可以为其他开关管，本发明不做限制。As a preferred embodiment, the first switch tube K1 and the second switch tube K2 are transistors or field effect transistors. It can also be other switch tubes, which is not limited in the present invention.
作为一种优选实施例，所述双向DC/DC变换器还包括第一电感L1；As a preferred embodiment, the bidirectional DC/DC converter further includes a first inductor L1;
所述第一电感L1的一端连接在所述第一侧电路和所述第二侧电路的连接点上以作为所述双向DC/DC变换器的输出端。One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the connection point of the first side circuit and the second side circuit as the output end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
可以理解的是，所述第一电感L1可以阻止交流，通直流，保证所述超级电容P3的良好充电和放电性能。It can be understood that the first inductor L1 can block AC and pass DC, so as to ensure good charging and discharging performance of the supercapacitor P3.
可以理解的是，本发明还可采用除上述双向DC/DC变换器外的其他结构的双向DC/DC变换器，本发明不做限制。It can be understood that, the present invention can also adopt bidirectional DC/DC converters with other structures than the above-mentioned bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the present invention does not limit it.
作为一种优选实施例，所述超级电容储能电路E包括第二电感L2、第三电感L3和超级电容P3；As a preferred embodiment, the super capacitor energy storage circuit E includes a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3 and a super capacitor P3;
所述第三电感L3和所述超级电容P3串联形成串联电路，所述串联电路和所述第二电感L2并联，且所述串联电路和所述第二电感L2并联的并联电路的两端作为所述超级电容储能电路E的两个输出端。The third inductor L3 and the supercapacitor P3 are connected in series to form a series circuit, the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second inductor L2, and the two ends of the parallel circuit of the series circuit and the second inductor L2 are used as Two output terminals of the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E.
图1中，所述超级电容储能电路E的两个输出端中的一端连接所述第一电感L1的另一端，所述超级电容储能电路E的两个输出端中的另一端连接所述双向DC/DC变换器的另一个输出端。In Fig. 1, one of the two output ends of the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is connected to the other end of the first inductance L1, and the other end of the two output ends of the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E is connected to the The other output terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
作为一种优选实施例，所述第一转换装置和所述第二转换装置采用双向PWM变流器。As a preferred embodiment, the first conversion device and the second conversion device use bidirectional PWM converters.
作为一种优选实施例，所述双向PWM变流器采用背靠背双PWM变流器。As a preferred embodiment, the bidirectional PWM converter adopts back-to-back dual PWM converters.
可以理解的是，本发明中由于背靠背双PWM变流器控制功能灵活、交流侧功率因数可调和直流电压可控等诸多优点，因此可改善调速性能。It can be understood that the present invention can improve speed regulation performance due to many advantages such as flexible control function of back-to-back dual PWM converters, adjustable AC side power factor and controllable DC voltage.
作为一种优选实施例，所述永磁同步电驱动系统还包括直流母线电容PC；As a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system further includes a DC bus capacitor PC;
所述第一转换装置、所述直流母线电容PC和所述第二转换装置并联。The first conversion device, the DC bus capacitor PC and the second conversion device are connected in parallel.
可以理解的是，所述直流母线电容PC也可以起到储存电能和释放电能的作用。It can be understood that the DC bus capacitor PC can also play a role of storing and releasing electric energy.
如图1所示，作为一种优选实施例，所述第一转换装置和第二转换装置均采用可控(一般为交、直流可控)的三相变流器，所述第一转换装置为第一三相变流器VSC1，所述第二转换装置为第二三相变流器VSC2。As shown in Figure 1, as a preferred embodiment, both the first conversion device and the second conversion device use controllable (generally AC and DC controllable) three-phase converters, and the first conversion device is the first three-phase converter VSC1, and the second converting device is the second three-phase converter VSC2.
所述双向PWM变流器包括结构相同的第一三相变流器VSC1和第二三相变流器VSC2。但是，所述双向PWM变流器并不局限于该结构。The bidirectional PWM converter includes a first three-phase converter VSC1 and a second three-phase converter VSC2 with the same structure. However, the bidirectional PWM converter is not limited to this structure.
可以理解的是，所述第一检测器和第二检测器可采用现有的检测器实现。It can be understood that the first detector and the second detector can be realized by using existing detectors.
本发明从电机使用上进行改进，形成一种两台永磁同步电机同轴驱动系统。The invention improves the use of motors to form a coaxial drive system for two permanent magnet synchronous motors.
本发明采用永磁电机代替直流电机、交流电机，体积小，可靠性高。The invention adopts a permanent magnet motor instead of a direct current motor and an alternating current motor, and has small volume and high reliability.
本发明的永磁同步电驱动系统的所述第一三相变流器VSC1从所述永磁同步发电机P1吸取电能，需要从电网吸收有功和无功功率，运行在整流工作状态，可实现单位功率因数控制，即所述永磁同步发电机P1输出电压电流同相位的正阻特性。所述第二三相变流器VSC2(即第二转换装置)将直流母线电压经过PWM调制用来驱动所述永磁同步电动机P2，能量从所述永磁同步发电机P1通过所述双向PWM变流器流至所述永磁同步电动机P2。The first three-phase converter VSC1 of the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system of the present invention absorbs electric energy from the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1, needs to absorb active and reactive power from the grid, and operates in a rectification working state, which can realize Unity power factor control, that is, the positive resistance characteristic that the output voltage and current of the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1 are in the same phase. The second three-phase converter VSC2 (that is, the second conversion device) modulates the DC bus voltage to drive the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2 through PWM modulation, and the energy is transmitted from the permanent magnet synchronous generator P1 through the bidirectional PWM A converter flows to the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2.
双向DC/DC变换器可以通过控制开关管占空比D来改变升降压比，以此来吸收所述永磁同步电动机P2制动时的回馈能量和泵升电压，也用来储存所述永磁同步发电机P1端产生的剩余能量，使得两侧能量平衡，增加系统的可靠性。双向DC/DC变换器可以消除负载大范围变化时直流电压畸变的问题，使电路不论轻载重载，均能够正常工作。即，本发明通过用于储存电能的超级电容储能电路E以及切换电路F达到上述效果，一般在发电和耗电不平衡(一般为故障)时使用该功能，如刹车时，存储电能，爬坡时，释放电能。The bidirectional DC/DC converter can change the buck-boost ratio by controlling the duty cycle D of the switching tube, so as to absorb the feedback energy and pump voltage when the permanent magnet synchronous motor P2 brakes, and also to store the The residual energy generated by the P1 terminal of the permanent magnet synchronous generator balances the energy on both sides and increases the reliability of the system. The bidirectional DC/DC converter can eliminate the problem of DC voltage distortion when the load changes in a large range, so that the circuit can work normally regardless of light load or heavy load. That is, the present invention achieves the above effects through the supercapacitor energy storage circuit E and switching circuit F for storing electric energy. Generally, this function is used when power generation and power consumption are unbalanced (generally a fault), such as when braking, storing electric energy, climbing When slope, discharge electric energy.
本发明中加入带有超级电容P3的DC/DC电路(即超级电容储能电路和双向DC/DC变换器形成的电路)可以解决能量泵升问题。Adding a DC/DC circuit with a supercapacitor P3 (that is, a circuit formed by a supercapacitor energy storage circuit and a bidirectional DC/DC converter) in the present invention can solve the problem of energy pumping.
本发明由于超级电容P3容量大，因此存储电能和释放电能都快。In the present invention, since the capacity of the supercapacitor P3 is large, the electric energy is stored and released quickly.
本发明以交流感应电机驱动系统为对象，改善调速性能、提高系统可靠性和负载适应能力、增大功率密度，是一种全新的永磁同步电驱动系统的设计方法。即，本发明的永磁同步电驱动系统具有高功率密度，高效率，调速范围宽的特点。The invention takes an AC induction motor drive system as an object, improves speed regulation performance, system reliability and load adaptability, and increases power density, and is a brand-new design method of a permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system. That is, the permanent magnet synchronous electric drive system of the present invention has the characteristics of high power density, high efficiency and wide speed regulation range.
本发明可应用在车上，即负载为车上的驱动装置，则所述负载的运行状况可为扭矩、转速等。当然，还可应用在其他动力设备上。The present invention can be applied to a vehicle, that is, the load is a driving device on the vehicle, and the operating conditions of the load can be torque, rotational speed, etc. Of course, it can also be applied to other power equipment.
应当注意的是，在本发明的装置的各个部件中，根据其要实现的功能而对其中的部件进行了逻辑划分，但是，本发明不受限于此，可以根据需要对各个部件进行重新划分或者组合，例如，可以将一些部件组合为单个部件，或者可以将一些部件进一步分解为更多的子部件。It should be noted that among the various components of the device of the present invention, the components are logically divided according to the functions to be realized, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and each component can be re-divided as required Or combined, for example, some components can be combined into a single component, or some components can be further broken down into more subcomponents.
以上实施方式仅适于说明本发明，而并非对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴，本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。The above embodiments are only suitable for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
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| CN106787086A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南大学 | A kind of pair of PWM permanent magnetism power-driven system and its control method |
| CN107070335A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南大学 | Double PWM permanent magnetism power-driven system torque feed forward control methods and its control device |
| CN107154755A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-12 | 江苏开璇智能科技有限公司 | High power permanent magnet synchronous motor brake power recovering device and control method |
| CN108270375A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-10 | 河南北瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of miniature combustion engine synchronous generator drive dynamic control device |
| CN109687433A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-26 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of flexibility substation structure |
| CN109842315A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-04 | 美的集团武汉制冷设备有限公司 | Drive control circuit and household appliance |
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| CN106787086A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南大学 | A kind of pair of PWM permanent magnetism power-driven system and its control method |
| CN107070335A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南大学 | Double PWM permanent magnetism power-driven system torque feed forward control methods and its control device |
| CN106787086B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-12-11 | 湖南大学 | A kind of double PWM permanent magnetism power-driven systems and its control method |
| CN107070335B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-05-24 | 湖南大学 | Double PWM permanent magnetism power-driven system torque feed forward control methods and its control device |
| CN107154755A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-12 | 江苏开璇智能科技有限公司 | High power permanent magnet synchronous motor brake power recovering device and control method |
| CN107154755B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏开璇智能科技有限公司 | High-power permanent magnet synchronous motor braking energy recovery device and control method |
| CN108270375A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-10 | 河南北瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of miniature combustion engine synchronous generator drive dynamic control device |
| CN109687433A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-26 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of flexibility substation structure |
| CN109842315A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-04 | 美的集团武汉制冷设备有限公司 | Drive control circuit and household appliance |
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