CN1347473A

CN1347473A - Methods of making fibre bundles and fibrous structures

Info

Publication number: CN1347473A
Application number: CN 00806287
Authority: CN
Inventors: W·L·哈米尔顿; H·A·索雷波; W·G·雷维斯; P·A·汉森; E·C·达梅; R·J·马科林; 陈芳洲; J·D·林塞
Original assignee: Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Current assignee: Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc; Kimberly Clark Corp
Priority date: 1999-04-16
Filing date: 2000-04-17
Publication date: 2002-05-01
Also published as: BR0008620A; MXPA01009705A

Abstract

A method of making fiber bundles and fibrous structures. The efficacy of a fiber bundle in handling complex fluids may be improved by subjecting an aqueous suspension of fibers at high consistency to elevated energy input with sufficient working of the fibers. The fibrous structures prepared according to the methods herein include at least one fiber bundle and at least one debonding agent. The fiber bundle includes at least one particulate material consisting essentially of entangled fibers.

Description

Make the method for fibre bundle and fibre structure

Background technology

The present invention relates to make the method for the fibre bundle that is suitable for absorbing structure and disposable absorbent article.Relate to the method that presents the fibre bundle of improved effect when handling complex fluid that is manufactured on specifically.

It is known using fibre bundle in disposable absorbent article.This fibre bundle is used on certain limited basis in for example lady's health product of disposable personal care absorbent article, diaper, training pants, incontinence product and analog usually.Yet in absorbing structure and disposable absorbent article, because the limited effect of fibre bundle when handling complex fluid, being applied in a way widely of this fibre bundle is restricted.Like this, wish to improve the effect that fibre bundle is handled complex fluid, thereby cause this fibre bundle in absorbing structure and disposable absorbent article, to be used widely potentially.

Summary of the invention

The inventor has realized that difficulty intrinsic in prior art and problem, and in response to this, has carried out research in depth, presents the method for the fibre bundle of improved effect when handling complex fluid with development.When carrying out this research, the inventor finds surprisingly by adopting a kind of debonding agent, and fibre bundle of the present invention presents improved effect when handling complex fluid.The inventor also finds can prepare the fibre bundle of desirable particle size by giving increase ability input in the emanator.

In one embodiment, the water of fiber becomes suspension to form percentage by weight at least about 20% entrance concentration.Then, water becomes suspension to pass through an emanator, and input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre bundle that extrudes from emanator.

In another embodiment, the water of fiber becomes suspension to form percentage by weight at least about 20% entrance concentration.Debonding agent adds this water to and becomes in the suspension.After adding debonding agent, water becomes suspension to pass through an emanator, and input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre structure that extrudes from emanator.

In yet another embodiment, the water of fiber becomes suspension to form percentage by weight at least about 20% entrance concentration.Water becomes suspension to pass through an emanator, and input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre bundle that extrudes from emanator.Debonding agent adds in the fibre bundle that extrudes, to form fibre structure.

In yet another embodiment, the water of fiber becomes suspension to form percentage by weight at least about 20% entrance concentration.Water becomes suspension to pass through emanator, imports the energy at least about the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T simultaneously.Debonding agent adds this water to and becomes in the suspension, and this water becomes suspension to pass through emanator, to form the fibre structure that extrudes from emanator.

In yet another embodiment, the water of fiber becomes suspension to form percentage by weight at least about 20% entrance concentration.Then, water becomes suspension to pass through an emanator, and input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre bundle that extrudes from emanator.Make the fibre bundle drying that extrudes then.After drying, debonding agent adds in this fiber that extrudes, to form fibre structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 represents to utilize the straight barrel type disperser to prepare the process flow diagram of the technology of fibre bundle;

Fig. 2 represents the perspective view under the incision state of straight barrel type disperser shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 represents to utilize the BIVIS straight barrel type disperser of pair of series to prepare the process flow diagram that substitutes of the technology of fibre bundle;

Fig. 4 represents the sectional view of the BIVIS straight barrel type disperser of suitable preparation fibre bundle;

Fig. 5 represents the left-hand thread screw rod sectional view vertically of BIVIS straight barrel type disperser, the notch that cuts away on its expression screw thread;

Fig. 6 represents the sectional view vertically of plus thread screw rod;

Fig. 7 represents the sectional view of the left-hand thread portion section of BIVIS disperser, and its represents flowing of water slurry;

Fig. 8 represents slamp value; And

Fig. 9 represents index of cementation.

Definition

As using here, term " flowability " and the common suggestion of other similar terms describe object, material, structure, particle or analog response gravity and other outside applies power and ability mobile or that flow.

For " particle ", " many particles ", " particulate ", " many particulates " and analog, it refers to be usually the material of discrete unit form.Particle can comprise granule, dust, powder or bead.Like this, particle can have any required form, and for example cube is shaft-like, polyhedron, and sphere or hemispherical, circular or semicircle, dihedral, irregular shape etc.Shape with big greatest dimension/smallest dimension ratio, needle-like for example, thin slice and fiber also plan to be applied to this.The agglomerates that comprises more than particle, particulate or an analog has also been described in the use of " particle " or " particulate ".

Term " fiber " or " fibrous " at this L/D ratio that is used to refer to this fine material greater than about 10 fine material.On the contrary, " non-fiber " or " non-fibrous " material refers to that the L/D ratio of fine material is less than or equal to about 10 fine material.

As used herein, term " fibre bundle " refers to comprise in essence the common fine material of entangled fiber.Here, fibre bundle also is included in the interior capillary or the space of structure of fibre bundle between the entangled fiber that forms fibre bundle usually.Fibre bundle also is called as other term known in the field, for example " fiber nit " or " sheets of fibres ".

As used herein, phrase " other the substantially similar fibre structure that does not comprise debonding agent " is intended to refer to compare with fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention with other similar phrase, the contrast fibre structure that utilizes substantially similar material and substantially similar process to prepare, just this contrast fibre structure does not comprise or is not with wherein a kind of the making in the debonding agent described here.Compare with fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention, other substantially similar fibre structure is not owing to comprise debonding agent, thereby can not show the desirable improved effect of processing complex fluid as described usually.

As used herein, a kind of fluid described in phrase " complex fluid ", and this fluid is characterised in that usually it is the viscoelastic mixture that comprises the specific components with common heterogeneous physics and/or chemical characteristic.The anisotropic property of specific components has proposed challenge to material in the effect of handling complex fluid such as blood, menstruation, loose passage, nasal mucus and analog.Opposite with complex fluid, simple fluid for example urine, physiological saline, water and analog is characterised in that usually it is a corpuscular theory character, and comprises that one or more have the physics that is generally homogeneous and/or the component of chemical characteristic.Owing to have homogenous properties, one or more components of simple fluid play similar effect basically between absorption and adsorption cycle.

Although complex fluid is characterised in that usually it comprises the specific components with anisotropic property, every kind of specific components of complex fluid has homogenous properties usually.Consider that for example a kind of complex fluid of supposition has three kinds of specific components: red blood cell, protein molecules and hydrone.In when check, those of ordinary skill in the art can distinguish in these three kinds of specific components each at an easy rate according to common heterogeneous characteristic.And when a kind of concrete specific components of check for example during the red blood cell component, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize the characteristic of erythrocytic common homogeneous at an easy rate.

Term " surface " and plural form thereof generally refer to the outer of object, material, structure, particle or analog or top boundary here.

As used herein, phrase " absorbent article " refers to absorb and retain the device of body fluid, is meant more specifically to place to be close to or near the device of skin with the various fluids that absorb and retain health and discharge.Term " disposable " is used for describing absorbent article here and does not plan washing or recover or again as absorbent article after only using once.The example of this disposable absorbent article includes but not limited to: the product relevant with health care that comprises mouth mask product, surgical drage, long coat and sterilization packaging; The for example lady's health product of personal care absorbent product (for example sanitary belt, pantiliner and analog), diaper, training pants, incontinence product and analog; And face tissue.

The for example many personal care absorbent product of disposable absorbent article, but generally include the permeate fluid top flat, the tergite of the impermeable liquid that is connected with top flat and be arranged in top flat and tergite between absorbent core.Disposable absorbent article and parts thereof comprise any independent layer of top flat, tergite, absorbent core and these parts, and this disposable absorbent article and parts thereof have usually towards the surperficial of health with towards the surface of clothes.As used herein, " towards the surface of health " refers to plan towards wearer's body worn or places in abutting connection with the surface of the goods or the parts of wearer's body, and " towards the surface of clothes " is on opposition side, and plans to wear or place the underwear in abutting connection with the wearer towards wearer's underwear when wearing disposable absorbent article.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that many materials are suitable as the material of top flat and tergite.But the examples of material that is suitable as top flat is a liquid permeable material, for example basic weight about 15 to about 25 the gram/square metre between spunbond polypropylene or polyethylene.But the examples of material that is suitable as tergite is a for example polyolefin film of liquid permeable material, and vapor permeable material, for example micropore polyolefin film.

Fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention can be used for being the disposable absorbent article of absorbing structure form.This absorbing structure can be arranged in liquid top flat thoroughly and with tergite that this top flat is connected between.Absorbing structure in this case can comprise the fiber parent, and fibre structure is dispersed in this parent, so the fiber parent retrains or wrap this fibre structure.

Fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention can also be used for disposable absorbent article with above-mentioned visibly different mode.For example, but absorbent article can be configured to consist essentially of the some fibre structures between top flat that is arranged in permeate fluid and the tergite of the liquid thoroughly that is connected with this top flat.When using by this way, believe that the flowability of fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention allows disposable absorbent article described herein to external force, for example respond by the woman body institute externally applied forces of wearing sanitary belt or pantiliner usually.For this external force that applies is responded, the flowability of also wishing fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention presents basically mobile similar with the another kind of substantially similar fibre structure that does not comprise debonding agent.Best, fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention demonstrates the slamp value between 0 and about 7; Another kind of form is between 0 and about 6; Another kind of form is between about 1.5 and about 6; At last, another kind of form is between about 3.5 and about 5.5.

It should be noted that disposable absorbent article described here can comprise the mixture of the fibre structure of one or more types, or the mixture of the fibre structure of at least a type and another kind of at least fine material.For example, disposable absorbent article can comprise first type the fibre structure of being made by the suitable material of one or more types, and by be included in first type fibre structure in second type fibre structure making of the suitable material of different one or more types of material.In addition, disposable absorbent article can comprise for example mixture of superabsorbent material of the fibre structure of at least a type and another kind of at least fine material.

As used herein, term " equivalent particle size " and other similar term are that the supposition particle is spherical, the measuring of the equivalent diameter of particle.Equivalent particle size can quantize by the screening particulate samples according to ASTM methods of test D-1921.Another kind of form can determine that wherein particulate samples is placed on the glass plate, and takes high resolution picture by image analytical method for the equivalent particle size of individual particle.From the measured zone of particle, the cross section of supposing particle can calculate its equivalent particle size for circular.Be applicable to fibre bundle of the present invention desirable have a equivalent particle size between about 150 to about 1000 microns; Better is, between about 200 to about 850 microns; It would be desirable between about 300 to about 600 microns.

Various natural and synthetic fiber can be used for preparing the fibre bundle that is applicable in the fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention.Illustrative fiber includes but not limited to wood and wood products, wood pulp fibre for example, cellulose or cellulose acetate flocculate, cotton linter flocculate and analog, inorfil, synthetic fiber be the nylon flocculate for example, the artificial silk flocculate, polyacrylonitrile fibre, and analog.Also might use the mixture of one or more natural fabrics, the mixture of one or more synthetic fiber, or natural and combinations synthetic fiber.

Suitable fiber is wettable in essence fiber.As used herein, term " wettable " refers to that the contact angle of water in air is fiber or the material less than 90 °.Usually, under the temperature between about 0 ℃ and about 100 ℃, suitable under about room temperature, wettable fiber refers to that the contact angle of water in air is the fiber less than 90 °.

Yet, also can use not wettable fiber.Can handle fiber surface by suitable method, so that make fiber surface more or less wettable.When adopting the surface-treated fiber, surface treatment is firm stable preferably; That is, when bearing under the stained or contact situation of first liquid, surface treatment preferably can not wash away fiber surface.At purpose of the present invention, through carrying out drying between three continuous contact angles measurements and each the measurement, the contact angle that shows water in air when most of fiber is during less than 90 °, will be considered to firm stable to the surface treatment of common non-wettable fiber.That is, identical fiber is accepted three independent contact angle determination, if the contact angle that whole three contact angle determination are pointed out water in air less than 90 °, then the surface treatment of fiber will be considered to firm stable.If insecure stable, when the first time, contact angle was measured, surface treatment will tend to wash away fiber, like this, make can not exposing by wetting surface of following fiber, and contact angle measurement is subsequently presented greater than 90 °.Suitable wetting agent comprises ployalkylene glycol, for example polyethylene glycol.Usually, the gross weight of the handled fiber of amount ratio of wetting agent little about 5%, best, little about 3%, better is little by about 2%.

It is desirable to, the surface of fiber at least, perhaps handle with debonding agent on the surface of fibre bundle at least.Debonding agent can be bought with the slurry additive commercial usually, and this additive tends to reduce the interior fiber of pulp and engages with interfibrous, increases flexibility like this.Be applicable to that debonding agent of the present invention comprises for example ternary amino-compound, quaternary amino compound and amine oxide.Desirable debonding agent carries small positive charge, so that strengthen and the combining of electronegative pulp fibres.The specific example that is applicable to debonding agent of the present invention comprises MacKernium 516Q (tertiary amine, on the market available from MacIntyre Group Ltd., 24601 Governor ' s Highway, UniversityPark, IL 60466 U.S.) and MacKernium KP (quaternary amine, on the market available from MacIntyreGroup Ltd., 24601 Governor ' s Highway, University Park, IL 60466 U.S.).Although as described herein is to be cationic in fact in a way, those of ordinary skill in the art is easy to recognize that in fact the debonding agent that engages between the fiber that tends to reduce in the pulp and fiber can be CATION, anion or nonionic.Best, the dry weight that the quantity that debonding agent exists accounts for fibre bundle by weight percentage is from about 0.1% to about 10%; Better is from about 0.3% to about 4%; It would be desirable from about 0.5% to about 2%.

The flowability of fibre structure of the present invention can also be by comprising silicone compounds, silicone-based compounds, antistatic additive, softening agent and analog.The example of suitable silicone compounds comprises the silicone alkylamino quaternary compound based on the DC-193 chemical property; The silicone ester comprises phosphate; Dimethicone benzene stearate (dimethiconolstearate) and DC-193 isomorphism stearate (dimethiconecopolyol isostearate); Silicone copolymer with polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, poly-sulfonic acid; Silicone iethioniates; The silicone carboxylate; Silicone sulfate; The silicone sulfosuccinate; The both sexes silicone; The silicone betaine; With silicone imidazoline fash (quats).

Fibre bundle for example produces in pulp-making method in the technology of preparation fiber usually naturally, and part is through the fibre matting of processing in this pulp-making method.The quantity of the fibre bundle that exists in slurry samples for example can be by standardization TAPPI test method T 270 pm-88 (interim method-1988), and " the thin slice content of slurry " is determined.Yet fibre bundle is normally undesirable, because fibre bundle shows in final products usually or the characteristic that possesses is different with the characteristic that entangled fiber did not show or possessed.For example, in paper process, fibre bundle is normally undesirable, because fibre bundle causes the bad shaping and the undesirable appearance smoothness of paper usually.In addition, fibre bundle can reduce absorbability, elasticity and the thickness that absorbs product basically.Therefore, any fibre bundle that exists in pulping process is not removed from the fiber that tangles basically by the method that for example cleans, screening or low concentration are concise usually.Like this, when fibre bundle was removed with typical fiber preparation process, they can be collected.Another kind of form, fibre bundle can directly fully make fibre matting prepare by for example mixing or blending method.Do not consider the preparation method, fibre bundle can or dry or moistening state under collect.If collect under moisture state, it can make the fibre bundle drying before use best.This drying can realize that this drying means comprises for example air drying, stove drying by any many known drying meanss, ventilative drying and similar approach.And, handle fibre bundle so that make bundle dividing from being that wish or necessary fully.

Fig. 1 represents the schematic flow diagram of the method for the fibre bundle that suitable preparation is required.Expression is that pending supply paper 28 is delivered to pulping with high density machine 29 (model is ST6C-W, BirdEscher Wyss, Mansfield, MA USA) among the figure, adds dilution water 30 in this pulper, to reach about 15% concentration.Before leaving from 29 pumpings of pulping with high density machine, water slurry also is diluted to about 10% concentration.Then, water slurry given deliver to belt press 40 (20 inches of Arus-Andritz band filter press model CPF, Andritz-RuthnerInc., Arlington, TX USA), so that make concentration increase to 35% of about dry weight.Then, the water slurry of generation is delivered to disperser 41, and the disperser of for example describing in detail in Fig. 2 is so that make fiber form required fibre bundle.Steam 42 adds in the disperser feed stream selectively, to improve the temperature of feeding material.

Initial give deliver in the disperser the inlet temperature of water slurry it is desirable to be about 20 ℃ or bigger; Better is to be about 50 ℃ or big; It would be desirable and be about 90 ℃ or bigger.Initial give deliver in the disperser the best enough height of entrance concentration of water slurry, contact or act on fiber so that significant fiber to be provided, thereby change the surface nature of handled fiber.Particularly, entrance concentration can be dry weight at least about 20%, it is desirable to from about 20% to about 50%; Better is from about 25% to about 45%; It would be desirable from about 30% to about 40%.This concentration will be mainly by the kind regulation of the disperser that is used for handling fiber.For some rotation straight barrel type dispersers, for example, be higher than under about 40% situation of dry weight the danger that exists machine to stop up in concentration.For the straight barrel type disperser of other type, BIVIS straight barrel type disperser (on the market available from Clextral Co., Firminy Cedex, France) is not for example having about 50% the concentration that can adopt under the situation about stopping up greater than dry weight.For employed specific disperser, preferably utilize high as far as possible concentration.

In the time of in disperser, act on the desirable properties that energy on the water slurry also influences the fibre bundle of generation.Best, the energy that applies is to be at least about dried fiber (kWh/T) in 90 kilowatt hours/metric ton suspension.Yet the energy range that applies is up to dried fiber in about 300kWh/T suspension.Usually, the suitable scope of energy input is about 90 to about 300; It is desirable to about 95 to about 200; Better is about 100 to about 150; It would be desirable at about 110 dried fibers to about 140 kilowatt hours/metric ton suspension.

The exit concentration that extrudes fibre bundle preferably it is desirable to from about 20 to about 75 in dry weight percentage; Better is from about 40 to about 60; It would be desirable from about 45 to about 55.The outlet temperature that extrudes fibre bundle is greater than about 50 ℃; It is desirable to greater than about 80 ℃; Better is from about 90 ℃ to about 130 ℃; It would be desirable from about 110 ℃ to about 115 ℃.

Consider the feature of its internal structure, suitable fibre bundle has the average percentage hole area between about 30% to about 70% usually; It is desirable to, about 35% to about 60%; Better is about 40% to about 55%; It would be desirable about 40% to about 50%.The area weighting hole length of fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention also is preferably between about 100 to about 250; Better is between about 130 to about 210; It would be desirable between about 150 to about 190 microns.Except the aforementioned feature of its internal structure, suitable fibre bundle has between 0 to about 10; It is desirable between 0 to about 8; Better is between 0 to about 6; It would be desirable the span between 0 to about 5 microns.

Fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention suitably should be able to retain complex fluid.The ability that fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention retains complex fluid is the indication that fibre structure is handled the effect of complex fluid, and is quantified as complex fluid at this and retains capacity.The complex fluid capacity of retaining is the quantification of the complex fluid that fibre structure retained after applying a power.The amount retained of calculation of complex fluid, unit is that gram/gram retains capacity.Suitable, fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention has complex fluid and retains capacity, below will be to its further qualification, the complex fluid that it presents than other the substantially similar fibre structure that does not comprise debonding agent retains capacity greatly between about 20% and about 40%; Another kind of form is between about 20% and about 38%; At last, another kind of form is between about 20% and about 26%.

In disperser, fiber process for example sheared and when compressing, except with the mantle friction of the disperser that is used for handling fiber or shear contact, must make fiber by friction or shear and bear fiber the essence of fiber is contacted.The part compression that fiber is pressed in itself also is desirable, to strengthen or to enlarge the friction of fiber or the effect of shearing.Required fiber is characterised in that with the contact portion of fiber having higher volume increases the possibility that fiber contacts with fiber with the equipment of worksheet area ratio.Working surface for this purpose is defined as the surface of the disperser that contacts with most of fiber of process.For example, the plate-like disperser has the ratio (about 0.05 centimetre) of very low volume and worksheet area, because have smaller volume or space between relative rotating disc (working surface).This device is main by the contact processing fiber between working surface and the fiber.Yet, being particularly suitable for the disperser of the object of the invention, for example various types of straight barrel type dispersers have very high volume and worksheet area ratio.The ratio of this volume and worksheet area can be about 1 centimetre or bigger, it is desirable to about 3 centimetres or bigger, and better is, from about 5 to about 10 centimetres.The order of magnitude of these ratios is bigger than the order of magnitude of plate-like disperser.

In case fibre bundle is extruded under its dampness, it is desirable to during drying, perhaps up to they intensive dryings,, they are stirred and the maintenance loose condition (of surface) to make great efforts to reduce the possibility that between fibre bundle, forms hydrogen bond.Utilize the known principle of those of ordinary skill in the art, any amount of commercial dryness device, fluidized system and high shearing drier are fit to the purpose of dried fibres bundle.Suitably, fibre bundle is in case dry, and they do not have the group of a plurality of fibre bundles basically.Carry out like this, during drying that the stirring of some forms normally wishes.In dried stirring so that broken group is undesirable.

Before disperseing, in dispersion process, or after dispersion process, debonding agent can be arranged in the feedway.If after dispersion process, debonding agent can be supplied with fibre bundle before dry, between dry period or after dry.Can be even or inhomogeneously impose on all or part of of fiber surface or fibre bundle surface with the debonding agent of the pure form or the aqueous solution.By spraying, by contact,, can apply debonding agent by making thread splash in the bed of fibre bundle or passing through known any other the suitable applying method of those of ordinary skill in the art with moistening surface.Those of ordinary skill in the art can also recognize at an easy rate other chemical addition agents for example conditioner, antistatic agent, softening agent and analog mode is attached in the fibre structure to be attached in the fibre structure similarly with debonding agent.

In the embodiment of another process, utilize two steps or the rapid dispersion of multistep or stir to close and to realize converting fiber to fibre bundle.Like this, for example, hardwood fiber or the slurry that comprises hardwood fiber curl basically or form fibre bundle in first scatter operation.Then, the fiber of dispersion or fibre bundle can be dry, regulate humidity content subsequently, are at least about 20% to obtain dry weight percentage, for example from about 20% to about 30% concentration.Then, fiber is suitably bearing dispersion under the energy input again, to form fibre bundle, follows this fibre bundle drying.Do not expect bondingly in theory, but it is believed that under identical or different treatment conditions (being variable concentrations, different machinery etc.) that second dispersion steps can increase existing ideal performance or introduce new required performance in the fibre structure of any generation.In addition, believe after first dispersion steps, dry or part drying, moist more subsequently, second dispersion steps and last drying also can be used to strengthen existing desired properties or introduce required new performance in the fibre structures of any generation.

Another benefit of loosen collagen fibre bundle is that first chemicals can add in first dispersion steps in two or more steps, adds second chemicals subsequently in second dispersion steps.When two kinds of chemicalss anionic compound and cationic compound adds simultaneously and when playing undesirable chemical reaction, this is helpful especially for example.For example, anion antimicrobial compound and CATION wet strength agent or debonding agent can independently add in the dispersion steps.Another kind of form can be added two kinds of electrically charged compounds, and they influence each other usually or precipitate.

Fig. 2 represents the cut-away, perspective view that is applicable to the equipment of handling fiber of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Specific equipment is the straight barrel type disperser, and model is GR II, by Ing.S.Maule﹠amp; C.S.p.A., Torino, Italy makes.This equipment has the ratio of about 8.5 centimetres volume and worksheet area.Be to go up circular cylindrical shell 51 and following circular cylindrical shell 52 shown in the figure, close rotating shaft 53 when circular cylindrical shell is closed up and down with a plurality of arms 54.Last circular cylindrical shell 51 comprises 55 and three windows 56 of the outstanding finger of two rows.End at last circular cylindrical shell 51 is an inlet 57.Arrival end at rotating shaft 53 is the CD-ROM drive motor 58 that is used for turning cylinder.The port of export at rotating shaft 53 is the support housing 59 of bolster.The arrival end of rotating shaft 53 comprises auger feed part 60, and this auger feed part directly is arranged in below the inlet, and is used for forcing the feeding material through disperser.The outlet 61 of disperser comprises the hinged flap 62 with lever 63, and when disperser cut out, this lever engaged with hydraulic pressure air bag 63 on being installed in circular cylindrical shell 51.Hydraulic pressure air bag 63 provides the controllable resistance to hinged flap 62 rotations, and therefore the device of the counter-pressure in the control disperser is provided.Increase counter-pressure and can increase the fiber process degree.During operation, the outstanding finger and the arm of rotating shaft are interlaced, send material so that process giving between it.

Fig. 3 represents to adopt the process flow diagram of an alternative techniques of the present invention of a pair of BIVIS straight barrel type disperser.As shown in the figure, concentration is about 50% fiber pulp supply screw feeder.Screw feeder first metering in two series connection BIVIS straight barrel type dispersers is continuously supplied with fiber pulp.Each BIVIS straight barrel type disperser has three or four compression/expansion districts usually.Steam injects a BIVIS straight barrel type disperser, so that the temperature of fiber is brought up at least about 100 ℃.With the slurry of processing be transferred to first disperser condition much at one under the 2nd BIVIS straight barrel type disperser of working.In an alternative method embodiment, the 2nd BIVIS disperser can be operated under the condition different with first disperser.

Fig. 4 represents to be suitable for the cross-section elevation of the twin-screw BIVIS straight barrel type disperser of purpose of the present invention.Expression has inlet 71 among the figure, short feed screw 72, plus thread screw rod 73,74,75 and 76, left-hand thread screw rod 77,78,79 and 80, outlet 81, injection port 82,83,84 and 85, optionally extraction opening 86,87,88 and 89, and thermocouple 90.In operation, fiber pulp enters in the BIVIS through inlet 71.Then, fiber pulp runs into short feed screw 72, and this feed screw 72 is used for fiber pulp is introduced first machining area.This machining area is made up of a pair of overlapping slightly screw rod that is sealed in the tube, has less than 1 mm clearance between screw flight and barrel.Twin-screw is on identical direction and almost with identical speed rotation.Thereby the axle rotation is axially carried fiber pulp through machine.The key that fibre property changes in machine is the left-hand thread screw portion, and this left-hand thread screw portion has the little slit that machined forms in screw thread, and periodically arranges along the length of two screw rods.These left-hand threads partly are used for making the fibre stream through machine reverse, thereby counter-pressure is acted on fiber pulp.Like this, pedestal moves axially up to it forward and runs into counterpressure zone.Form pressure in this zone, but because the slit in left-hand thread, the pressure of the pressure ratio front of back is big.By this way, pedestal is forced through slit, and it meets with the next one (less pressure) the plus thread part of screw rod at this.This compression/expansion effect has also strengthened the change of fibre property in theory.Usually, BIVIS straight barrel type disperser is set up to comprise three or four machining areas.Injection port is used for to each independent machining area injection debonding agent or other chemicals.If desired, relevant with each machining area extraction opening can be used to extract liquid.Although do not measure, the volume of BIVIS straight barrel type disperser is believed this ratio that is slightly less than Maule straight barrel type disperser with the ratio of worksheet area.

Fig. 5 represents the left-hand thread axial view partly of the twin-screw of equipment shown in Figure 4.Shown in the figure is

screw rod

92,93, and each screw rod has from the outside mach slit 94 of its screw thread.As shown in the figure, each screw flight is stacked.

Fig. 6 represent equipment shown in Figure 4 the axial view of plus thread part of twin-screw, the stack of its

expression screw flight

95,96.

Fig. 7 represents the cross sectional view of amplification of the machining area of equipment shown in Figure 4, and it represents upstream plus thread screw portion " A ", left-hand thread screw portion " B " and downstream plus thread screw portion " C ".Fig. 7 also is used for illustrating mobile (being represented by arrow) through the fiber pulp of left-hand thread screw portion.

Although the present invention has done detailed description with reference to the straight barrel type disperser, it also is possible using other disperser.For example, the plate-like disperser be might use, the machine of closing or other similar equipment stirred.

Test method

Suck speed and rewetting test method

As employed, suck following at least two features of speed and rewetting test method measuring material:

1. suck speed-time quantum, in second, it adopts the material of known quantities to suck the repeatedly stained thing of known quantities fluid; With

2. rewetting-Fluid Volume, in gram, it is to be placed on the Fluid Volume that discharges in the top of material and the known pressure effect preset time Duan Shicong material when blotting paper.

According to this method, test comprises and utilizes stopwatch to come the minute amount, in second, needs 20 milliliters of materials to suck the stained thing of a plurality of fluids (1 or 2 milliliter).So that distribute 2 milliliters of fluids on 20 milliliters of absorbing materials, this moment, stopwatch started the Harvard syringe pump simultaneously through programming Control.In the time of in 2 milliliters of fluids suck material, stopwatch stops.Distribute 2 milliliter of second stained thing and timing then.Follow the 3rd stained thing behind the second stained thing, contain 1 milliliter for the third time, it is timing also.It is stained that this produces totally 5 milliliters and three times.Be put on 20 milliliters of materials and apply before 0.5psi pressure reaches 60 seconds at the blotting paper of will weighing in advance, begin to wait for about 60 seconds from sucking the 3rd stained thing.After 60 seconds, blotting paper is weighed again, and is considered to the rewetting amount in the fluid that is sucked by blotting paper of gram.Test is carried out under the TAPPI standard conditions usually.

Equipment and material:

● Harvard equipment programmable infusion pump, model 44, commercial available from HarvardApparatus, South Natick, MA 01760 U.S..

● fluid in this case only is for example rather than in order to limit, this fluid is artificial menstruation (analogies), it disclosed in disclosed No. 5883231 United States Patent (USP)s in the 16 days March in 1999 of authorizing people such as Achter, this patent disclosure provides as a reference at this, and described disclosure is consistent (promptly reconcilable) with specification of the present invention.Analogies open and claimed in United States Patent (USP) 5883231 are commercial available from CocalicoBiologicals, Inc., and 449 Stevens Rd., P.O.Box 265, Reamstown, PA 17567 USA.

● the disposable plastic ship of weighing, it is commercial available from NCL, Wisconsin, Inc., Birnamwood, WI 54414 U.S., part number W-D 80055.

● the 60cc disposable syringe, commercial available from Becton Dickinson, FranklinLakes, NJ 07417 U.S.; The Tygon pipe, size 16 has 0.12 inch internal diameter, and part number 6409-16 is commercial available from Cole-Parmer Instrument Company, Chicago, IL 60648 U.S.; With 1/8 inch external diameter flexible pipe, tip size, on part number R-3603 and the market also available from Cole-Parmer Instrument Company.

● the 5.5cm blotting paper, commercial available from VWR Scientific Products, 1145Conwell Ave., Willard, OH 44890 U.S., catalog number (Cat.No.) 28310-015.

● weight restrains by getting 100 milliliters of Pyrex heat resistant glass beakers and filling up any suitable material to 717.5, thereby weighs to obtain the 0.5psi load.

● balance, reading to 0.001 gram (note: it is traceable that standard should be NIST, and should reconfirm to be suitable for guaranteeing the frequency of precision).

● stopwatch, readable to 0.1 second (note: it is traceable that stopwatch should be NIST).

● readable graduated cylinder to 20 milliliters.

● pure acrylic panel (its size is enough to be bearing in disposable plastic and weighs on the top of ship), almost the heart is drilled with a hole so that insert the Tygon pipe therein.

Sample preparation:

Analogies are taken away from cooling unit, be placed on the circulator, rotate about 30 minutes then lightly,, and make analogies reach room temperature so that fully make contents mixed.

Graduated cylinder is placed on the balance, and tares.20 milliliters of materials add in the graduated cylinder.Graduated cylinder is taken off from balance.The end face of laboratory bench or similar hard surfaces are beaten about 10 times lightly in the end of graduated cylinder, to produce precipitation.Visual examination is to guarantee having 20 milliliters of materials in graduated cylinder.20 milliliters of material perfusions enter in the ship of weighing, and material flushes gradually.

The Harvard syringe pump is set to program schema.Injection rate is set to 12 ml/min, and target volume is set at 2 milliliters.Diameter is set to correct syringe size.Make the Harvard syringe pump fill up about 60 milliliters analogies.

The step of test method is as follows:

1.Tygon an end of pipe inserts in the interior hole of acrylic panel.

2. acrylic panel is placed on the ship of weighing that comprises 20 milliliters of absorbing materials.The Tygon pipe should be placed on material almost in the heart.

3. start stopwatch simultaneously, begin to distribute first 2 milliliters of analogies stained.

4. when being siphoned away by material, analogies stop stopwatch.Reading on the stopwatch is registered as " stained 1 " in second.In five minutes, when analogies are not siphoned away by material to be tested, under the situation of (analogies are stayed on the end face of material), stop test and write down 300+ second.

5. start stopwatch simultaneously, and begin to distribute the 22 milliliter of analogies stained.

6. when being siphoned away by material, analogies stop stopwatch.Reading on the stopwatch is registered as " stained 2 " in second.In five minutes, when analogies are not siphoned away by material to be tested, under the situation of (analogies are stayed on the end face of material), stop test and write down 300+ second.

7. start stopwatch simultaneously, and begin to distribute analogies.Yet, in this case, after 1 milliliter of analogies has distributed, the Harvard syringe pump is stopped.

8. when being siphoned away by material, 1 milliliter of analogies stops stopwatch.Read-record on the stopwatch is " stained 3 " in second.Again, in five minutes,, then stop test and record 300+ second if when analogies are not siphoned away by material to be tested (analogies are stayed on the end face of material).

9. wait for 60 seconds the 3rd stained siphoning away afterwards by material.

10. to two blotting paper weighings, and write down this weight and be " BP does "

11. be placed on blotting paper on the material 60 seconds the latter stage that indicates in step 9 gently, gently 0.5psi weight is placed on the blotting paper then, and starts stopwatch.

12. after 60 seconds, remove this weight and blotting paper weighed again.This weight record of blotting paper is " BP is wet ".

Above-mentioned steps 3 to 12 repeats no longer to be siphoned away (be that analogies are stayed on the end face of material, and do not siphon away) by material up to analogies in five minutes.

The result of the rewetting part of this test method is with the gram record and carry out following calculating:

(BP is wet)-(BP does)=rewetting

Determine the method for the capacity of retaining

As used herein, determine that the method for the capacity of retaining measures the amount of the test fluid that material sample retained after applying centrifugal force.Calculate the Fluid Volume that is retained and obtain gram/gram amount retained.This test is carried out under the TAPPI standard conditions usually.When test fluid is for example blood, menstruation, artificial menstruation (analogies) of complex fluid, loose passage, when nasal mucus and analog, the capacity that retains of material is called as complex fluid sometimes and retains capacity (CFRC).

Usually, carry out, be about to 0.5 gram material sample and put in the improved tube, make material sample be exposed to perfect fluid and reach 60 fens, then tube is put in the centrifuge, to remove unnecessary fluid according to the test of this method is following.Calculate its result to obtain the fluid grams that every gram material sample is retained.

Equipment and material:

● artificial menstrual fluid (analogies), open in No. 5883231 United States Patent (USP)s of announcing the 16 days March in 1999 of authorizing people such as Achter.Analogies open and claimed in United States Patent (USP) 5883231 are commercial available from Cocalico Biologicals, Inc., and 449 Stevens Rd., P.O.Box 265, Reamstown, PA 17567 U.S..

● Sorvall RT 6000D centrifuge, commercial available from Global MedicalInstrumentation, Inc., 3874 Bridgewater Dr., St.Paul, MN 55123 U.S..

● four 200 milliliters, the screw top centrifugal bottle, commercial available from InternationalEquipment Co., 300 Second Ave., Needham Heights, MA 02494 U.S.

● four 50 milliliters Pyrex heat resistant glass beakers.

● laboratory's timer, 60 minute volumes, but reading to 1 second, commercial available from VWRScientific Products, 1145 Conwell Ave., Willard, OH 44890 U.S..

● four improved Lexan tubes, 9 centimetres are high, 3.1 centimetres of ID, 4.8 centimetres of OD have the 300 holes/square inch sieve that is connected the end of with.

● Unite States Standard 30 and 50 bolters, 8 inch diameters, 2 inches are high, commercial available from VWR Scientific Products, 1145 Conwell Ave., Willard, OH 44890 U.S., catalog number (Cat.No.) is respectively 57334-456 and 57334-464.

● stainless steel sift, per inch 4 holes or enough open spaces are discharged to allow analogies.

Sample preparation:

Unite States Standard 30 and 50 bolters are next to become 300 to 600 micron-scales to sample separation by utilizing, thus the preparation material sample.When one or more sample of preparation material, with the sample storage of the separation of material in the airtight basically container of a sealing, for use.Improved tube is placed on the balance, tares.The sample that 0.5 gram ± 0.005 gram separated is put in one of them improved tube.Write down this weight as example weight.The improved tube that comprises material sample is through weighing, and this weight record is heavy for doing tube.According to abovementioned steps additional material sample is put in three remaining improved tubes.

Analogies take out from cooling unit, are placed on the circulator, rotate about 30 minutes then gently, so that mix its content fully, and make analogies reach room temperature.

The step of test method is as follows:

1. about 10 milliliters of analogies are put in 50 milliliters of Pyrex heat resistant glass beakers.

2. the improved tube that comprises material sample is put in 50 milliliters of Pyrex heat resistant glass beakers.

3. about 15 milliliters of analogies are poured in the improved tube.This guarantee material sample from upper and lower near analogies.

4. for any additional material sample, repeating step 1 to 3 if needed.

5. after step 4 is finished, timer was set to 60 minutes and startup.

6. when 60 minutes finished, improved tube took out from Pyrex heat resistant glass beaker, and was placed on and reaches 60 seconds on the stainless steel sift.

7. when finishing in 60 seconds, improved tube takes out from stainless steel sift, and is placed on 200 milliliters of centrifugal bottles.

8. centrifugal bottle is placed on last 3 minute of centrifuge with the 1200rpm rotation.

9. after 3 minutes, improved tube takes out from centrifugal bottle, and the improved tube that comprises material sample is weighed.This weight record is heavy for wet tube.

Then, the complex fluid of each assimilate sample retains capacity (" CFRC ") and calculates according to following formula:

[(wet heavy-dried tube is heavy)-product weight]/(product weight)

It is recorded in any following example, and the capacity of retaining is the mean value of two samples (being n=2).

Example

Following example has been described different embodiment of the present invention.For the person of ordinary skill of the art, consider specification of the present invention or practice described here, other embodiment in restricted portion also is conspicuous.Wish that specification and example all only are to consider exemplaryly, and scope of the present invention and essence claims after by example limit.

Example 1

This example represents to utilize the BIVIS disperser, and (model BC-45, commercial available from ClextralCo., Firminy Cedex France) prepares fibre bundle.With Bahia Sul Eucalyptus pulp sheet the supply system pulp grinder (intermediate concentration pulper, model 01R, Cellwood GrubbensAB, Sweden), add dilution water to reach about 6% concentration.Pulp was handled in pulper about 30 minutes.Add and do not add debonding agent and test.For adding the debonding agent test, to after delivering in the pulper, debonding agent added about 5 minutes at the pulp sheet.In the later stage of slurrying, slurry further is diluted to about 4.5% concentration, and is pumped into the dump chest of the agitator with operation by the pulper suction pump.BIVIS basin delivery pump is set to recirculation mode.Belt press (continuous belt press, model is 0.5 meter of CPF, P3, Andritz-Ruthher, Inc., Arlington, TX, the U.S.) is used for making the slurry dehydration.In case start, the induction valve of BIVIS basin delivery pump is opened, and recirculation valve is closed.The structure of belt press is used to provide the discharging group of about 2.5 cm thicks.Concentration of emission is about 32%.Discharging group is transferred to the feed hopper of BIVIS disperser then by the broken screw rod fragmentation of the end of belt press by the screw rod transmission system.

Slurry is further by the two feed screw system decomposition in the bottom of feed hopper.The slurry that decomposes supplies to the BIVIS feed screw and directly enters the BIVIS disperser.The internal structure of BIVIS disperser is that corotation changes two straight barrel type dispersers, and it has interchangeable screw element, so that slurry is axially transmitted along disperser.The screw element that adopts has semilune slit (pulley 2).There is the left-hand thread screw rod so that periodically introduce counter-pressure for slurry along the length of BIVIS disperser.Use three workspaces in this example, each district has the screw rod profile of determining in the following Table 1.All screw elements are single threads.

Table 1

BIVIS district element number reach tooth pitch slot width

(mm) (mm) (mm)

Feeding 1 forward 100+50 0

Feeding 2 forward 100+50 0

13 forward 100+33 0

14 forward 50+25 0

15 reverse 50-15 6

26 forward 100+33 0

27 to 50+25 0

28 reverse 50-15 6

39 forward 100+33 0

3 10 to 50+25 0

3 11 reverse 50-15 6

Discharge 12 forward 100+33 0

Discharge 13 forward 100+33 0

Two are extracted the district and are used for all operations.The pulper extraction plate is installed in 1 district and 2 districts.Water and slurry particulate extract from these districts.

For all samples, attempt the energy input is controlled in one group of operation level in the middle of be low to moderate, in another group operation, arrive higher energy input level.The record temperature.Maximum temperature is common and the energy input is directly related, but when the time disappeared, maximum temperature tended to move to zone 1.The proper range of these factors provides in following table 2.

Table 2

Parameter area

Specific energy (KW-h/T) 90 to 218

Exit concentration (%) 46 to 55

Maximum temperature (℃) 99 to 116

The debonding agent that adopts in this example is a MacKernium 516Q-60 (tertiary amine, commercial available from MacIntyre Group Ltd., 24601 Governor ' Highway, University Park, IL 60466 USA), it adds with the dosage of per metric ton 2.78kg (6.15 pounds).

Fibre structure according to this example preparation is dried with stove under about 43 ℃ the whole night.

Example 2

This example represents to utilize Maule disperser (GR II, Ing.S.Maule ﹠amp; C.S.p.A., Torino, Italy) preparation fibre bundle.About 800kg Bahia Sul bleaching eucalyptus kraft pulp is given and is delivered to pulping with high density machine (model ST-C-W, Voith-SulzerPaperTech, former Sulzer Escher-Wyss Gmbh, Ravensburg, West Germany) and add dilution water, to reach concentration about 12% to about 15%.Slurry was handled in pulper about 30 minutes.In the latter stage of slurrying, slurry also is diluted to about 4% concentration, and is pumped into the dump chest with mixer operation by the pulper suction pump.Then, this slurry is given washer (double nip dehydrator, model 200 with about 4% concentration pumping, Black Clawson Co., Middletown, the OH U.S.), its dewaters to about 12% concentration at this, and give the headbox deliver to belt press (belt press continuously, 0.5 meter of model C PF, P3 by screw feeder, Andritz-Ruthner, Inc., Arlington, TX USA).

This slurry is discharged into the broken screw rod of the end of belt press with about 35% concentration from belt press, be transported to the Maule disperser by heating spiral rod then, to improve inlet temperature to about 80 ℃.Maule disperser outlet temperature reaches about 100 ℃.Target energy in the input disperser is about 98KW-h/Ton (5.5 horsepowers-Ri/ton).

Except that following, utilize the program that proposes in this example to carry out another test: the outlet portal of disperser is closed, and disperser was operated under the spinner velocity of about 48rpm about 10 minutes.This causes higher energy to input in the slurry, thereby makes fibre bundle littler, and less fiber is outstanding from the surface of fibre bundle.

Example 3

By Aracruz, BK bleached kraft eucalyptus that Inc. provides slurry is supplied with the pulper (model is ST-C-W, Voith-Sulzer PaperTech) of high concentration, and adds dilution water, to reach about 12% to about 15% concentration.This slurry was handled about 30 minutes in pulper.Add then and do not add debonding agent and test.For the test with debonding agent, to after delivering in the pulping with high density machine, debonding agent (being MacKernium 516Q-60 in this case) added about 10 minutes with the amount that equals about 2.78kg/ metric ton at slurry.In the latter stage of slurrying, slurry also is diluted to about 4% concentration, and is pumped into the dump chest with mixer operation by the pulper suction pump.Then, this slurry is given washer (double nip dehydrator, model 200 with about 4% concentration pumping, Black Clawson Co., Middletown, the OH U.S.), its dewaters to about 12% concentration at this, and give the headbox deliver to belt press (belt press continuously, 0.5 meter of model C PF, P3 by screw feeder, Andritz-Ruthner, Inc., Arlington, the TX U.S.).This slurry is discharged into the broken screw rod of the end of belt press with about 35% concentration from belt press, be transported to Maule disperser (GR II, Ing.S.Maule﹠amp by heating spiral rod then; C.S.p.A., Torino, Italy), to improve inlet temperature to about 80 ℃.Target energy in the input disperser is about 98KW-h/Ton (about 5.5 horsepowers-Ri/ton).The Maule outlet temperature reaches about 100 ℃.Fibre bundle is used the stove drying the whole night at about 43 ℃.Fibre bundle filtration is to the different size particle of determining as following table 3.Yield percentage under different-grain diameter represents to comprise the marked difference between debonding agent (loosening) fibre structure when comparing with other the substantially similar fibre structure that does not comprise debonding agent (being non-loosening).Surprisingly, when adding debonding agent for slurry, the yield percentage of the particle diameter between about 300 to about 600 microns is higher, and the particle diameter of the fibre structure of this example distributes and yield percentage provides in following table 3

Table 3

The non-absorption fiber knot of loosening of the absorption fibre structure that screen size sign indicating number particle diameter is loosened

The percentage of each sieve of the percentage structure of each sieve of (micron)

(n＝4) (n＝4)

20 ＞850 41 63

30 600-850 25 20

50 300-600 35 12

Flat chassis＜300 31

Table 4 expression when measure according to the above-mentioned method of determining the capacity of retaining and according to this example preparation loosen and the complex fluid of the non-fibre structure of loosening retains capacity.The interpolation of debonding agent has increased complex fluid and has retained capacity (CFRC).It is hydrophobic to suppose that desirable debonding agent is characterised in that usually, and this is a wonderful result.The contrast code is that non-Weyerhaeuser NB416 slurry of loosening and the Weyerhaeuser NF405 that loosens starch.Usually have based on the material of slurry and to have reduced the debonding agent that complex fluid retains capacity.

Table 4

Loosen the loosening of the non-structure of loosening of structure of screen size particle diameter loosened mutually with non-

Sign indicating number (micron) CFRC CFRC is than the increase of CFRC

(g/g) (g/g) (％)

Original state changes 2.3 1.4 40

20 ＞850 2.6 1.6 38

30 600-850 2.0 1.6 20

50 300-600 2.3 1.7 26

NB416 --- --- 5.7 ---

NB405 --- 3.9 --- ---

As shown in table 4, to compare with other the substantially similar complex fluid capacity of retaining that fibre structure presented that does not comprise debonding agent, fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention presents wants big almost 20% complex fluid to retain capacity at least; Another kind of form will be greatly at least about 26%; Another kind of form will be greatly at least about 38%; At last, another kind of form will be greatly at least about 40%.

Table 5 is to the suction speed and the rewetting value of 9 expressions fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention.When determining to suck speed and rewetting value, the 3rd stained amount is 1 milliliter, and preceding two stained amounts have been used 2 milliliters of fluids.Following table represents that also on average, the non-fibre bundle of loosening has the rewetting value higher than the fibre structure of loosening.Not filtration (i.e. " the original state ") sample of fibre structure (sample J) and the not filtered sample of the non-fibre bundle of loosening (sample K) of loosening compares.This comparative result is represented in table 5.

Table 5

Sample J sample K

Stained 1 (s) 29.6 26.5

Stained 2 (s) 29.6 29.3

Stained 3 (s) 17.3 15.1

Rewetting value (g) 0.57 0.67

Loosening, sample relatively for filtration (20 sieve) sample of fibre structure (sample L) and the filtration (20 sieve) of the non-fibre bundle of loosening (sample M).This comparative result is represented in table 6.

Table 6

Sample L sample M

Stained 1 (s) 28.0 30.3

Stained 2 (s) 28.6 30.7

Stained 3 (s) 14.9 18.8

Rewetting value (g) 0.67 0.77

Loosening, sample relatively for filtration (30 sieve) sample of fibre structure (sample N) and the filtration (30 sieve) of the non-fibre bundle of loosening (sample 0).This comparative result is represented in table 7.

Table 7

Sample N sample O

Stained 1 (s) 28.1 28.0

Stained 2 (s) 30.5 29.4

Stained 3 (s) 17.7 15.9

Rewetting value (g) 0.85 0.59

Sample relatively in the filtration (50 sieve) of the filtration of fibre structure (sample P) of loosening (50 sieve) sample and the non-fibre bundle of loosening (sample Q).This comparative result is represented in table 8.

Table 8

Sample P sample Q

Stained 1 (s) 28.8 28.5

Stained 2 (s) 30.1 31.4

Stained 3 (s) 16.9 18.1

Rewetting value (g) 0.55 0.77

Loosen filtration (30-50 sieve) sample of fibre structure (sample R) and the non-fibre bundle of loosening (sample S) filtration (30-50 sieve) sample relatively.This comparative result is represented in table 9.

Table 9

Sample R sample S

Stained 1 (s) 29.0 29.2

Stained 2 (s) 33.2 30.6

Stained 3 (s) 19.6 16.5

Rewetting value (g) 0.92 0.62

Example 4

The increase that this example is represented debonding agent can the appreciable impact fibre structure complex fluid retain capacity (CFRC).The fibre structure of this example is according to above-mentioned example 1 disclosed method preparation.Table 10 points out that these complex fluids that absorb fibre structure that apply debonding agent (MacKernium 516Q-60) on three varying levels retain capacity (CFRC).Absorb fibre bundle and use the stove drying the whole night at about 43 ℃.The increase of debonding agent seems can significantly not reduce the capacity that retains of fibre bundle.

Table 10

Amount (the kg/ metric ton slurry) CFRC (g/g) of the debonding agent that particle diameter (micron) adds

300-850 0.68 1.6

300-850 2.78 1.2

300-850 4.54 1.6

The contrast code, non-Weyerhaeuser NB416 slurry of loosening and the NF405 slurry of loosening are similarly tested, and produce 5.7 and the CFRC value of 3.9g/g respectively.As expected, the material based on slurry with debonding agent usually confirms to have the CRFC value of reduction.

Example 5

In order quantitatively to describe the internal structure that absorbs fibre structure, need backward scattered electron/high-contrast (BSE/HICON) image of transversal fibre structure, so that quantitaes percentage hole area.Make eight to ten fibre structure linear recordings of code to index card by each with double-sided belt.Second double-sided belt is placed on the fibre structure so that with in its capsule of packing into.This assembly is dropped in liquid nitrogen, and along the center line cutting of the fibre structure of the blade with TEFLON coating.The fibre structure that allows then to cut open is being installed to the SEM base and is reaching room temperature with 30nm before the golden sputter coating.All cut-away portions reflect the operating distance that has 12mm on the JEOL840 that is equipped with solid state annular back scattered electron detector.This SEM operates under 10kV, and the collector lens parameter is 1nA.Record secondary electron and synthetic BSE image.

The BSE picture record that is used to quantize is with 51 high contrast films at POLAROID.For each cut-away portions, contrast and brightness regulation are to predetermined minimum/maximum waveform signal, to produce near binary image.Utilize the QUIPS program of the custom-written of Quantimet 600 IA systems and following by name " NITPORE1 ", obtain data from the BSE/HICON image of cross section:

Routine Header： Number of fields：1 Standard Frames Results header：  System and Version，Routine Name，Date and time，Calibration value  User Name：″Dave Biggs″  Specimen ID：″″  Description：″Fiber Nit Internal Void Space(i.e.，％Open Area of Cross- section)″NAME：NITPORE1PURPOSE：To measure internal space(％ Area)of Fiber Nit Cross-sectionsCONDITIONS：20mm adj. Nikon lens(f/4)；SONY 3CCD vid.；1/4″glasscover plate；pole pos.＝77.3cm；Kreonite macroviewerAUTHOR：D.G.BiggsDATE：Nov.15，1999COUNT＝0NUMFIELD＝0PERCAREA＝0POREAREA＝0TOTAREA＝0TOTCOUNT＝0TOTPERCAREA＝0READ IMAGE AND SAMPLE ENTRYEnter Results HeaderBEGIN：Image Setup[PAUSE](Camera 5. White 78.34，Black 100.00，Lamp 44.88)Acquire(into Image0)SET FRAMES AND DETECT VOID SPACE AREASImage frame(x0，y0， Width 736，Height 574)Measure frame(x36，y35，Width 668，Height 537)Detect(whiter than 110，from Image0 into Binary0 delineated)IMAGE PROCESSINGBinary Edit[PAUSE](Accept from Binary0 to Binary1，nib Fill，width2)&lt;!-- SIPO &lt;DP n="24"> -->&lt;dp n="d24"/>Binary Amend(Close from Binary1 to Binary2，cycles5，operator Disc，edgeerode on)Binary Identify(FillHoles from Binary2 to Binary3)Binary Amend(Open from Binary3 to Binary4，cycles2，operator Disc，edgeerode on)Binary Logical(C＝A XOR B；C Binary5，A Binary1，B Binary4)FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND HISTOGRAMMFLDIMAGE＝4Measure field(plane MFLDIMAGE，into FLDRESULTS(2))Selected parameters：Area，Area％TOTAREA＝FLDRESULTS(1)MFLDIMAGE＝5Measure field(plane MFLDIMAGE，into FLDRESULTS(4)) Selected paramenters：Area，Count，Area％，Count/AreaPOREAREA＝FLDRESULTS(1)PERCAREA＝POREAREA/TOTAREA*100TOTPERCAREA＝totpercarea+percareaCOUNT＝FLDRESULTS(4)TOTCOUNT＝TOTCOUNT+COUNTNUMFIELD＝NUMFIELD+1Field Histogram#1(Y Param Number，X Param PERCAREA，from 10.To 70.，linear，30 bins)Display Field Histogram Results(#1，horizontal，differential，bins+graph(Yaxis linear)，statistics) Data Window(740，416，540，605)INTERACTIVE DIALOGUEPauseTest(″IF YOU WANT TO CONTINUE，ENTER′1′.″)Input(CONTINUE)If(CONTINUE＝l) Goto BEGINEndifDATA OUTPUTSet Print Position(8mm，12mm)Print Results HeaderPrint(″Total Number of Fields＝″，no tab follows)Print(NUMFIELD，0 digits after ∵， no tab follows)Print LinePrint(″Average Percent Open Area(％)＝″，no tab follows)Print(TOTPERCAREA/NUMFIELD，2 digits after ∵，no tab follows)Print LinePrint(″Pore Count/Area＝″，no tab follows)Print(TOTCOUNT/(NUMFIELD*1000)，2 digits after∵，no tab follows)Print LinePrint Line&lt;!-- SIPO &lt;DP n="25"> -->&lt;dp n="d25"/>  Print(″COUNT VS.％FIELD AREA″，tab follows)  Print Line  Print Field Histogram Results(#1，horizontal，differential，bins+graph(Y axis  linear)，statistics)  Set Image Position(left 94mm，top 159mm，right 181mm，bottom 227mm，  Aspect＝Image Window，    Caption：Bottom Centre，″EXAMPLE IMAGE″)  Grey Util(Print Image0)  END

But the apparent structure of analyzing usefulness comprises 20 millimeters adjustable N IKON camera lenses (f/4), SONY 3CCD gamma camera, the big view finder of KREONITE of 1/4 inch glass cover-plate and 77.3 centimetres of polarity positions.Data accumulation is 9 view fields.Sample 5-M is according to disclosed method preparation in the above-mentioned example 3, and while sample 5-C is according to disclosed method in the above-mentioned example 1 and utilize the preparation of MacKernium516Q-60 debonding agent.

The inner structural features of fibre structure is summarised in table 11 to table 13.

Table 11

Sample identifies the hole count of average percentage hole area standard deviation per unit area

5-M 50.39 5.39 0.91

5-C 19.10 3.27 0.92

Table 12

Sample sign area weighting hole length (μ m) standard deviation

5-M 190.59 125.54

5-C 49.41 36.04

Table 13

Sample sign span (μ m) standard deviation

5-M 4.06 0.68

5-C 10.63 1.36

When the fibre structure that utilizes the manufacturing of MAULE disperser was compared with the fibre structure that utilizes the manufacturing of BIVIS disperser, there was measurable percentage hole area poor (based on 90% confidence level) in the data demonstration.Compare with internal holes amount of area in the fibre structure that utilizes BIVIS disperser (sample 5-C and according to disclosed method manufacturing in the above-mentioned example 1) to make, find to utilize MAULE disperser (sample 5-M and according to disclosed method manufacturing in the above-mentioned example 3) fibre structure of making to have the internal holes amount of area of high twice.Yet, between the fibre structure that utilizes identical disperser manufacturing, do not observe and have gratifying tangible difference.The area weighting hole length of the fibre structure of being made by the BIVIS disperser is less than half of the area weighting hole length of the fibre structure of being made by the MAULE disperser.(the hole length data are area weightings, to help to calculate the contribution difference in big and very little hole).The average span of the fibre structure of being made by the BIVIS disperser is greater than the twice of the average span of the fibre structure of being made by the MAULE disperser.Or the fibre structure of BIVIS or the manufacturing of MAULE disperser between do not observe per unit area hole number have marked difference.

Example 6

This example is used for representing the flowability of fibre structure prepared in accordance with the present invention.The equipment that uses in this example is available from TSI Co., Ltd, 7 Pomeroy Lane, Amherst, the AERO-FLOW Automated Powder FlowabilityAnalyzer of the MA01002-2905 U.S..AERO-FLOW utilizes the certainty chaology to characterize the flowability of the sample of fibre bundle by the abrading-ball avalanche phenomenon of rotating disc.In the disclosed method preparation in of the whole samples described in this example according to above-mentioned example 1.Fibre bundle is placed in dish or the drum and slowly rotation.When disc spins, fibre bundle rotates up to fibre bundle with dish and arrives unstable position.When reaching this instability position, fibre bundle to down snowslide, and begins to reach point of instability once more with coiling to rotate up to them in dish once more.The time of snowslide is the function of fibre bundle flowability.AERO-FLOW detects the time interval between snowslide and the definite snowslide.In this example, AERO-FLOW is equipped with the drum of standard, and this drum rotated 600 seconds with the speed of about 90rpm.In each case, sample size is 50mL.Fibre bundle have about 300 and about 600 microns between equivalent particle size.Mobile outcome record is in following table 14:

Table 14

The sample number into spectrum device snowslide of loosening is on average scattered the time average time

(s) (s)

6-W does not have 3.96 1.95

6-J does not have 3.78 1.88

6-C Mackernium?516Q 4.32 2.47

6-P Mackernium?516Q 3.97 2.09

6-V Mackernium KP 5.30 2.79

6-K Mackernium KP 4.42 2.22

Snowslide provides the flow index of sample flow average time.As shown in Figure 8, flow index is more little, and sample is easy more to flow.The result of this example represents that suitable fibre structure has the slamp value less than about 6; Another kind of form is between about 3 and about 6; At last, another kind of form is between about 3.5 and about 5.5.On average scattering is the sample caking index.As shown in Figure 9, caking index is more little, and the caking property of sample is low more.The result of this example represents that suitable fibre structure has the caking index less than about 3.

Consider above-mentioned aspect, can see that some advantages of the present invention realize, and other advantage can obtain also.

When having different the variation in said process, absorbing structure and disposable absorbent article do not exceed scope of the present invention, wish to be included in the above-mentioned specification and all items of being illustrated in the drawings only are the purposes non-limiting for task of explanation.

Claims

1. method of making fibre bundle, the step of this method comprises:

(a) form and to have percentage by weight and become suspension at least about the water of the fiber of 20% entrance concentration; With

(b) make water become suspension to pass through an emanator, input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre bundle that extrudes from emanator.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 1 centimetre the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 3 centimetres the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, emanator has about 5 ratios to about 10 centimetres volume and worksheet area.

5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 20% to about 50%.

6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 25% to about 45%.

7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 30% to about 40%.

8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, making before fiber passes through emanator, debonding agent is added in the fiber.

9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, with the fibre bundle drying.

10. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, when making fiber by emanator, debonding agent is added in the fiber.

11. method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, with the fibre bundle drying.

12. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, debonding agent is added to from the fibre bundle that emanator extrudes.

13. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, with the fibre bundle drying.

14. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, with the fibre bundle drying.

15. method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, debonding agent is added in the fibre bundle.

16. a method of making fibre structure, the step of this method comprises:

(a) form and to have percentage by weight and become suspension at least about the water of the fiber of 20% entrance concentration;

(b) become suspension to add debonding agent to water; With

(c) make water become suspension to pass through an emanator subsequently, input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre structure that extrudes from emanator.

17. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 1 centimetre the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

18. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 3 centimetres the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

19. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, emanator has about 5 ratios to about 10 centimetres volume and worksheet area.

20. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 20% to about 50%.

21. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 25% to about 45%.

22. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 30% to about 40%.

23. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, with the fibre structure drying.

24. a method of making fibre structure, the step of this method comprises:

(b) make water become suspension to pass through an emanator, input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre bundle that extrudes from emanator; With

(c) add debonding agent to this fibre bundle that extrudes, to form fibre structure.

25. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 1 centimetre the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

26. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 3 centimetres the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

27. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, emanator has about 5 ratios to about 10 centimetres volume and worksheet area.

28. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 20% to about 50%.

29. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 25% to about 45%.

30. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 30% to about 40%.

31. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, with the fibre structure drying.

32. a method of making fibre structure, the step of this method comprises:

(b) make water become suspension to pass through an emanator, input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T; With

(c) when water becomes suspension to pass through this emanator, become suspension to add debonding agent for this water, to form the fibre structure that extrudes from emanator.

33. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 1 centimetre the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

34. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 3 centimetres the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

35. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, emanator has about 5 ratios to about 10 centimetres volume and worksheet area.

36. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 20% to about 50%.

37. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 25% to about 45%.

38. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 30% to about 40%.

39. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, with the fibre structure drying.

40. a method of making fibre structure, the step of this method comprises:

(b) make water become suspension to pass through an emanator, input is at least about the energy of the dried fiber of 90kW-h/T, to form the fibre bundle that extrudes from emanator;

(c) make the fibre bundle drying that extrudes; With

(d) add debonding agent to this fibre bundle that extrudes subsequently, to form fibre structure.

41. method as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 1 centimetre the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

42. method as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that, emanator has at least about 3 centimetres the volume and the ratio of worksheet area.

43. method as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that, emanator has about 5 ratios to about 10 centimetres volume and worksheet area.

44. method as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 20% to about 50%.

45. method as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 25% to about 45%.

46. method as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that, entrance concentration is that dry weight percentage is about 30% to about 40%.