Extract the method for Paeonol with overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide
The invention belongs to the method for from the plant material that contains Paeonol, extracting Paeonol, especially adopt method overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide technology extraction Paeonol.
The root bark of tree peony is a Tree Peony Bark, is the dry root skin of Ranunculaceae machaka tree peony, and it is a conventional Chinese medicine, classifies them as middle product in the Shennong's Herbal, and its effective medicinal components is a Paeonol.Paeonol has tangible clearing away liver-fire and effects such as antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, step-down, analgesia, promotion platelet aggregation and anti-frightened spasmolysis.Paeonol also is rich in Chinese medicine materials such as paniculate swallowwort, Japanese birch bark, Brazilian rubia except that richness is stored in root bark of tree peony China and foreign countries.
From Chinese medicines such as the root bark of tree peony, extract Paeonol and normally adopt steam distillation.The method of being introduced in the 258-260 page or leaf of " natural medicinal component extraction separation and preparation " book is, earlier the Paeonol in the root bark of tree peony is taken out of the distillate that obtains containing Paeonol with high-temperature water vapor, use the Paeonol in the extracted with diethyl ether distillate then, drying and steaming remove ether again, with ethanol crude product is carried out recrystallization and obtains pure product at last, the yield of Paeonol is about 1%.Not only extraction rate is slow, yield is low for this method, extraction separation and purification step are many, but also owing to using a large amount of water to produce dirty amount greatly, extract the temperature height and energy consumption is big, and need to use organic solvent such as a large amount of ether and increased the danger of producing greatly.
The extraction of carrying out Chinese herbal medicine effective ingredients with overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide is to obtain the new technology that develops rapidly in recent years.This technology is to utilize the carbonic acid gas that is in different pressure, state of temperature to have bigger difference in solubility to realize organic extraction separation to organism.Overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide extract not only have flow process simple, extract temperature low, extract fully, carbonic acid gas to human and environment advantage such as harmless and reusable, and particularly the selectivity of extraction product is easy to come modulation by changing service temperature and pressure and other parameters.Therefore, people can realize that from the natural product of complexity directly extraction separation obtains highly purified certain compound by taking optimum process condition, thereby have opened up one newly on the way for the higher value application of natural product.According to literature search, up to the present, the method appearance that low temperature still of no use is overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide extracts the high purity Paeonol.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide technology extraction separation high purity Paeonol from the Chinese medicine plant material of a kind of employing low temperature, improve the method for product yield simultaneously greatly.
The method of the overcritical or Liquid carbon dioxide extraction separation Paeonol that the present invention proposes, be utilize the carbonic acid gas be in different pressures and state of temperature has bigger poor solubility and an equal state to organism carbonic acid gas to different organism have again different dissolving poweies realize to organic extraction with separate, selecting suitable extraction operational condition is to realize the effectively key factor of extraction and separation and purification of Paeonol.
The present invention realizes as follows: be extraction agent with the food-grade carbon-dioxide, drying, the plant material that contains Paeonol that is crushed to suitable particle size circulated extract and separate, extracting pressure is that 10~32 MPa, extraction temperature are that 15~60 ℃, parsing pressure are that 5~10MPa, resolution temperature are that 30~70 ℃, carbon dioxide flow are 2~6 kilograms of CO
2/ kilogram raw material hour, extraction time are 0.5~1 hour.
Method of the present invention does not have special requirement to the plant material that contains Paeonol, is applicable to all kinds of plant materials that contain Paeonol.Adopt extraction separation of the present invention, need not to carry out the crystalline product that other aftertreatment can directly obtain Paeonol.
In the extraction separation process, operational condition parameters such as extracting pressure, extraction temperature, parsing pressure (particularly one-level parsing pressure), resolution temperature and extraction time have critical effect to the yield of product and the purity of Paeonol.But the flow of carbonic acid gas has direct influence to the extraction time, and flow is big more, and the required extraction time is short more, and flow is more little, and the required extraction time is long more.When regulating extracting pressure is that 11~16MPa, extraction temperature are 40~50 ℃, and parsing pressure is that 7~10MPa, resolution temperature are that 40~70 ℃, carbon dioxide flow are 4~6 kilograms of CO
2/ kilogram raw material hour, the extraction time, the purity of Paeonol can reach more than 96% when being 0.5~1 hour.The content of Paeonol adopts high pressure lipuid chromatography (HPLC) (HPLC) assay determination.
Method of the present invention has improved the yield of product greatly, general water vapor extraction method requires the extraction temperature more than 100 ℃, the yield of Paeonol can only reach 1~1.5%, and the present invention at room temperature gets final product high efficiency extraction, can make the yield of Paeonol bring up to 2~2.7% to same raw material, promptly yield increases by 80~100%.Extract at low temperature can be avoided Yin Re and some chemical transformation of causing, and high yield can be saved valuable Chinese medicine material resource greatly.
Simultaneously, the present invention has simplified the extraction separation purge process greatly, shortens extraction time.In the general water vapor extracting method, usually to use water more than 5~10 times of raw material volumes, through also dividing Paeonol in dried up after 6~8 hours the extraction through extracted with diethyl ether, ether remove is reclaimed in the steaming that continues, and with ethanol thick Paeonol product is carried out step such as recrystallization at last and just can obtain highly purified product.And can continuously obtain highly purified product as long as change temperature and pressure simply among the present invention, the purity of Paeonol can reach more than 95%, only extract fully and need 0.5~1 hour, the solvent for use carbonic acid gas is in the state of recycling, and the extraction of Paeonol and being separated in the same process is finished.
The present invention also plays a protective role to environment, and reduces the danger of production operation greatly.General water vapor extraction method will be discharged a large amount of waste water and certain ether and ethanol etc. to external world, the danger of also potential simultaneously organic solvent burning and blast.And whole extraction separation process is to finish in a totally enclosed system among the present invention, and the unique solvent that will use is a carbonic acid gas, and it is not nontoxic, do not fire, quick-fried and can be recycled.
Following examples describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the root bark of tree peony raw material that uses among the embodiment is common commercially available prod.
Embodiment 1
10 kilograms of root bark of tree peony powders are dropped in the extraction kettle 5, by recirculated water the temperature of heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 is controlled at 40 ℃, open valve 17, allow the carbonic acid gas in the gas cylinder 1 16 enter 2 liquefaction of condensation hold tank by the road, after increasing apparatus 3 boosts to 15MPa, enter heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 again.In extraction kettle 5, carbonic acid gas fully contacts with the root bark of tree peony, in extraction temperature is 40 ℃, extracting pressure is the stable down extraction of 15MPa 1 hour, be dissolved with the carbonic acid gas of Paeonol, reduce pressure through reliever 6 and after the first step is resolved pressure 9MPa, enter first step resolver 7, by recirculated water the temperature of resolver 7 is controlled at 50 ℃, in resolver 7 because the reduction of pressure and the change of temperature, the less Paeonol of solubleness is separated out from carbonic acid gas, get product 236 grams from product collector 11, wherein the Paeonol weight percentage is 96.5%.And the bigger volatile matter continuation of solubleness enters second stage resolver 8 after making pressure further reduce to second stage parsing pressure 5.5MPa with carbonic acid gas through reliever 9, the temperature of resolver 8 is controlled at 60 ℃ by recirculated water, separate out volatile oil this moment, get volatile oil product 11 grams from product collector 10.Thereby the carbonic acid gas after the parsing realizes that by pipeline 16 return condensed hold tanks it recycles behind valve 14 and under meter 15.
Embodiment 2
10 kilograms of root bark of tree peony powders are dropped in the extraction kettle 5, by recirculated water the temperature of heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 is controlled at 20 ℃, open valve 17, allow the carbonic acid gas in the gas cylinder 1 16 enter 2 liquefaction of condensation hold tank by the road, after increasing apparatus 3 boosts to 11MPa, enter heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 again.In extraction kettle 5, carbonic acid gas fully contacts with the root bark of tree peony, in extraction temperature is 20 ℃, extracting pressure is the stable down extraction of 11MPa 1 hour, be dissolved with the carbonic acid gas of Paeonol, reduce pressure through reliever 6 and after the first step is resolved pressure 8MPa, enter first step resolver 7, by recirculated water the temperature of resolver 7 is controlled at 45 ℃, in resolver 7 because the reduction of pressure and the change of temperature, the less Paeonol of solubleness is separated out from carbonic acid gas, get product 203 grams from product collector 11, wherein the Paeonol weight percentage is 81.1%.And the bigger volatile matter continuation of solubleness enters second stage resolver 8 after making pressure further reduce to second stage parsing pressure 5.5MPa with carbonic acid gas through reliever 9, the temperature of resolver 8 is controlled at 60 ℃ by recirculated water, separate out volatile oil this moment, get volatile oil product 19 grams from product collector 10.Thereby the carbonic acid gas after the parsing realizes that by pipeline 16 return condensed hold tanks it recycles behind valve 14 and under meter 15.
Embodiment 3
10 kilograms of root bark of tree peony powders are dropped in the extraction kettle 5, by recirculated water the temperature of heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 is controlled at 35 ℃, open valve 17, allow the carbonic acid gas in the gas cylinder 1 16 enter 2 liquefaction of condensation hold tank by the road, after increasing apparatus 3 boosts to 22MPa, enter heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 again.In extraction kettle 5, carbonic acid gas fully contacts with the root bark of tree peony, in extraction temperature is 35 ℃, extracting pressure is the stable down extraction of 22MPa 1 hour, be dissolved with the carbonic acid gas of Paeonol, reduce pressure through reliever 6 and after the first step is resolved pressure 9MPa, enter first step resolver 7, by recirculated water the temperature of resolver 7 is controlled at 55 ℃, in resolver 7 because the reduction of pressure and the change of temperature, the less Paeonol of solubleness is separated out from carbonic acid gas, get product 248 grams from product collector 11, wherein the Paeonol weight percentage is 95.2%.And the bigger volatile matter continuation of solubleness enters second stage resolver 8 after making pressure further reduce to second stage parsing pressure 5.0MPa with carbonic acid gas through reliever 9, the temperature of resolver 8 is controlled at 60 ℃ by recirculated water, separate out volatile oil this moment, get volatile oil product 31 grams from product collector 10.Thereby the carbonic acid gas after the parsing realizes that by pipeline 16 return condensed hold tanks it recycles behind valve 14 and under meter 15.
Embodiment 4
10 kilograms of root bark of tree peony powders are dropped in the extraction kettle 5, by recirculated water the temperature of heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 is controlled at 40 ℃, open valve 17, allow the carbonic acid gas in the gas cylinder 1 16 enter 2 liquefaction of condensation hold tank by the road, after increasing apparatus 3 boosts to 18MPa, enter heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 again.In extraction kettle 5, carbonic acid gas fully contacts with the root bark of tree peony, in extraction temperature is 40 ℃, extracting pressure is the stable down extraction of 18MPa 1 hour, be dissolved with the carbonic acid gas of Paeonol, reduce pressure through reliever 6 and after the first step is resolved pressure 9MPa, enter first step resolver 7, by recirculated water the temperature of resolver 7 is controlled at 50 ℃, in resolver 7 because the reduction of pressure and the change of temperature, the less Paeonol of solubleness is separated out from carbonic acid gas, get product 241 grams from product collector 11, wherein the Paeonol weight percentage is 95.5%.And the bigger volatile matter continuation of solubleness enters second stage resolver 8 after making pressure further reduce to second stage parsing pressure 5.5MPa with carbonic acid gas through reliever 9, the temperature of resolver 8 is controlled at 50 ℃ by recirculated water, separate out volatile oil this moment, get volatile oil product 29 grams from product collector 10.Thereby the carbonic acid gas after the parsing realizes that by pipeline 16 return condensed hold tanks it recycles behind valve 14 and under meter 15.
Embodiment 5
10 kilograms of root bark of tree peony powders are dropped in the extraction kettle 5, by recirculated water the temperature of heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 is controlled at 55 ℃, open valve 17, allow the carbonic acid gas in the gas cylinder 1 16 enter 2 liquefaction of condensation hold tank by the road, after increasing apparatus 3 boosts to 25MPa, enter heat exchanger 4 and extraction kettle 5 again.In extraction kettle 5, carbonic acid gas fully contacts with the root bark of tree peony, in extraction temperature is 55 ℃, extracting pressure is the stable down extraction of 25MPa 1 hour, be dissolved with the carbonic acid gas of Paeonol, reduce pressure through reliever 6 and after the first step is resolved pressure 8.5MPa, enter first step resolver 7, by recirculated water the temperature of resolver 7 is controlled at 60 ℃, in resolver 7 because the reduction of pressure and the change of temperature, the less Paeonol of solubleness is separated out from carbonic acid gas, get product 219 grams from product collector 11, wherein the Paeonol weight percentage is 91.2%.And the bigger volatile matter continuation of solubleness enters second stage resolver 8 after making pressure further reduce to second stage parsing pressure 6MPa with carbonic acid gas through reliever 9, the temperature of resolver 8 is controlled at 60 ℃ by recirculated water, separate out volatile oil this moment, get volatile oil product 19 grams from product collector 10.Thereby the carbonic acid gas after the parsing realizes that by pipeline 16 return condensed hold tanks it recycles behind valve 14 and under meter 15.