CN1270070A - Fireproof railings - Google Patents
Fireproof railings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1270070A CN1270070A CN00106588A CN00106588A CN1270070A CN 1270070 A CN1270070 A CN 1270070A CN 00106588 A CN00106588 A CN 00106588A CN 00106588 A CN00106588 A CN 00106588A CN 1270070 A CN1270070 A CN 1270070A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lath
- railings
- fireproof
- described fireproof
- projection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003197 gene knockdown Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave
- A62C4/02—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave in gas-pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
- H01R13/447—Shutter or cover plate
- H01R13/453—Shutter or cover plate opened by engagement of counterpart
- H01R13/4532—Rotating shutter
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B65/00—Locks or fastenings for special use
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/73—Means for mounting coupling parts to apparatus or structures, e.g. to a wall
- H01R13/74—Means for mounting coupling parts in openings of a panel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
- H01R24/76—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flame-shielding body that can be easily manufactured and assembled, has the extremely slight penetration of a combustible gas although mechanical strength is large, and securely shields the penetration of flame. A number of straight and separate thin plate stripes that are positioned up and down each other are flatly provided in parallel with a plane including the axis of a penetration opening. The thin plate stripes are retained at specific mutual intervals simply by an overhang bend part of at least every other thin plate stripe itself. The space between the thin plate stripes does not have other structure parts at least in the range of the penetration opening.
Description
The present invention relates to a fireproof railings (Flammensperr) that is used for the gas communication mouth, particularly as pipeline and explosion safety device be used for container port safety, it is by forming by the lath of placing to determining deviation that is roughly the plane.
Be twisted into the fireproof railings section of being used for shape pipe safety, container bidirectional port safety spiral-shaped, that form at the lath of the through-flow body of helical axis guide and prevent blast by two, one of two boards bar makes wave-like or the continuous inclined ladder shape of longshore current direction of flow cuts corner angle.The positions of distortion are overlapping up and down in the same way in order to guarantee not have two on spiral coil, as at US5, described in 415,233 examples like that, second block of lath made flat, obtain uniform gap width thus.But this mode poorly reduced the assembly of required heat exchange area of fireproof railings effect and increasing cross section that must be additional realize helical axis to stability.The spiral coil core has improved the inhibition that has the air-flow of fluid peak flow rate (PFR) at the through hole center in addition.In principle by the EP0 that makes with spline structure, the additional bathtub construction of 375,455 fireproof railings even pass through resistance when also having increased operate as normal.When also increasing above-mentioned shortcoming when safe coefficient is suitable to continue two or more described fireproof railings of layout several fold in order to improve.
At DE-PS241, in 925, import and export at container and to use a sieve shape spare, have one on it and be twisted into spiral and can keep the installation spiral section by projection with certain interval by the lath of the parallel circulation of fluid in order to accurate qualification gap width.But this modification is not applicable to the flowing of a lasting plane of fuel gas as the above-mentioned fireproof railings that is used for the safety of pipe safety and given container.Be used to guarantee that the firm zona columnaris orifice plate of lath is also subsidiary has poorly improved fluid and pass through resistance.
At EP0, the embodiment as a fireproof railings in 568,326 describes piling up of a slat that stacks up and down, and wherein single flat board is by reeling band or be connected to each other by predetermined spacing by other spacing retainers.The material that this mode requires to produce for fray-out of flame spends, also produce many losses that are used between gas and fireproof railings, carrying out the area of plane of heat exchange, and the manufacturing cost that improves of the high relatively flow resistance of normal operating conditions gas and a greater number assembly.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is, a kind of fireproof railings that starts described form is provided, it is made simple and assembles easy, but higher mechanical strength is arranged, also the circulation of fuel gas is constituted minimum obstruction and obtain one because the gap width that safety limits and resist the obstructing capacity that flame passes through reliably.
Can so realize according to purpose of the present invention, be that straight board lath that some is separated, that stack up and down is provided with by being parallel to a planar structure mode that comprises the plane of through-bore axis, only the projection by per second block of lath is by keeping mutually corresponding to the spacing of the predetermined gap width of every kind of gas for these laths, and the intermediate space that constitutes between lath does not have other assembly at least in the opening zone.Although flat board has higher mechanical strength, special high mechanical strength on the direction that promptly is parallel to the lath parallel on the direction of air-flow with through-bore axis, but making and fit on much simple in structure than spiral, that reverse or thread-shaped, in the present invention because the projection of using spacing to determine can be avoided the raising of using more assembly and the manufacturing that therefore causes and assembling to spend.So can realize this device with two groups of laths, the projection that wherein has the lath of projection always is placed on the same position, and protruding lath and the complete basically flat lath of band alternately stacks up and down.Thereby on current path, except that the lath that is provided with, there is not other part, so the fireproof railings most probable hinders passing through of fluid under normal operation littlely in order to the heat absorption knock down the flame.In addition, needn't on fluid passage, add adding enhancing and fixation kit owing to the mechanical robustness of lath and also help to reach this point.This in addition lath of projection can be more simply and easily the area be used for the gap arbitrarily that safe knock down the flame requires and produce, can realize the effect of putting out a fire completely so can only just pile up with a lath to each requirement.So also eliminated the known shortcoming that is twisted into the fireproof railings existence that the lath that goes the band of corner angle stablize core by all-wave shape wave for example trapezoidal spiral, gear-like forms, when arranging in front and back, they come enhance mechanical strength also to require big spacing owing to have add-on assemble, the gas of this spacing between single fireproof railings makes owing to because the inadequate fire extinguishing effect meeting of preposition fireproof railings is burnt once more, can not stop further lighting of gas thus.This dangerous prior art condition of pressing must solve by the new fireproof railings of additional installation, so obviously increased cost, equipment size and fluid resistance unfriendly.
Stipulate by making simple and economical mode, projection by known, preferably the lath upper punch is made the mode that arches upward and is produced, and may be the projection of being made by other kind of material although also can use complete flat lath naturally and install or fix thereon subsequently.
The another kind of embodiment that piles up by lath just is with the lath of projection directly to stack and make the projection on the lath that directly stacks up and down to setover relatively up and down.So only need a kind of type lath-this can make make and storage significantly simplified-obtained be used for every kind of gas require for fire extinguishing and the big gap width of most probable in order to weaken fluid resistance.
Outside opening with a vertical end that limits the spacing security strip, this further feature of the present invention helps to keep well the spacing of lath, improves mechanical strength and while and does not hinder passing through of fluid and obtain the operability that the good lath that stacks up and down piles up.
Inject with metal or plastics if lath is vertically terminal, welding or soldering then simply can advantageously obtain a good connection retentivity aspect fast making.
For the effect of better being put out a fire, advantageously by using the identical element structure of most probable and making the minimum manufacturing of simplifying related device of size simultaneously, by further feature of the present invention, arrange before and after some independent laths pile up, preferably directly contact or preferably be placed in the same housing.The firm assembly of machinery that does not need to use the fireproof railings of known spiral lath composition owing to the lath that is parallel to the lath plane piles up intrinsic strength, then pile up by lath of the present invention, be to arrange before and after real fireproof railings can directly be right after, do not have the important spacing that gas can resume combustion thus.
In case of emergency change bad fireproof railings and for keeping without hindrance time-based maintenance of circulation and cleaning preferably can so to solve, but each piles up the case by an independent operation of framework composition through hole outside.
Obtain one by the part that may use same shape and size and making simple embodiment, the cross section that its lath piles up is for example can be preferably square of rectangle, and mechanical stability becomes better by the maintenance that the bight strengthens.
One of the cost of flow area and material has advantageous ratio so to realize, promptly to pile up cross section be that circle is preferably positive circular to lath.
By further feature, another changes the circulation wall of flow behavior at least at least one side setting of piling up at least one group of lath, and it is made for perforated plate or wire screen or with metal lath.One side such uniform air flow of this circulation wall and possible flame front shape, make it in narrow finite region, not produce most advanced and sophisticated, but in big scope, carry out a distribution, so can make full use of the heat absorption capacity of fireproof railings better and can overload not occur at certain point.And flame front also improved by the time of fireproof railings.Security Screening flame is by fireproof railings of the present invention thus.The wall that circulates on the other hand increases construction machine intensity, can bear the repeatedly blast of the distortion of the function that can not exert an influence, and fireproof railings keeps in full force and effect and can move at this moment.If the circulation wall is served as by perforated plate or wire screen, then structurally realization and also very favourable economically especially easily.Use on the other hand metal lath can be as requested the shape in hole by selecting it and position with and lath towards the situation that controllably influences fluid.Can make full use of corresponding vortex (verwirbelung) uniformly and improve the cold appearance of optimizing flame box (Flammenschranke) under the fluid resistance situation not too bigly.
Below by accompanying drawing a preferred embodiment is further set forth.
Fig. 1 shows a fireproof railings perspective view that has housing, Fig. 2 is the decomposition diagram that Fig. 1 middle plate strip piles up, Fig. 3 is the top and the side view of the amplification of of the fireproof railings of the present invention lath that has projection (Sicken), and Fig. 4 is another embodiment that the lath of fireproof railings of the present invention piles up.
In a gas pipeline, for example the housing of installing between two ring flanges 1 has one preferably corresponding to the through hole 2 of pipeline section in its side perpendicular to conduit axis.And be provided with screwed hole 3 so that connecting bolt to be installed.Real fireproof railings is packed into as a case 4 independent, that can operate in a piece and is packed in the housing 1 by a side direction and opening 5 that sealably seal transverse to pipeline.Lath 6,6 ' in the general plane of this case 4 is arranged in the scope of through hole 2, and wherein they are just in time directed and have the little fluid resistance of most probable thus at the flow direction of air-flow.
Shown in the perspective view that Fig. 2 decomposes, in the case 4 single be basically the plane lath 6,6 ' with one accurately preset space length arrange, this spacing is corresponding to the predetermined gap width by the specification of given all gases.Piling up outsourcing at lath 6 encloses and puts a framework 7 to realize mechanical stability and to link into an integrated entity that promptly piling up of lath 6 can co-operate.
In order to keep lath 6, preset space length between 6 ', and don't expenditure additional materials expense, but also do not intercept needed gas and lath 6 for carrying out flame, the loss of the heat exchange area between 6 ', at least having ledge on per second block of lath 6 ', for example can be mound or the projection 8 that stamps out on the lath 6.Preferably spherical and mound that preferably arrange in groups or projection can be at lath 6 ' two side-prominent.Can consider this kind form of implementation on the other hand, the lath that wherein only has projection 8 stacks about in the of 6 ', at this moment the projection 8 of the lath 6 ' of the direct neighbor setting of staggering relatively, so avoid projection for example on projection stack and consequent local spacing is dwindled.Can guarantee that so also the intermediate space between the lath 6 ' of single band projection 8 is the size of wishing.The lath-6 ' of same structure can be simply and is realized random length-in principle economically for any large diameter fireproof railings-and width-be used for the reliable iris action of every kind of gas and be used for every kind of requirement, so can both pile up thereby just as far as possible little size and guarantee to obtain enough flame iris action with a unique lath each user mode.
As shown in Figure 4, when lath 6,6 ' be assembled into corresponding to typical round tube hole 2 circular configuration the time, can obtain a very compact undersized fireproof railings.This for example can meet desirable shape and realize originally cutting to a long lath 6,6 ' after piling up being assembled into.If passing through the end of casting (notes) metal or plastics 9 security strips 6,6 ' with the spacing of hope then is particularly advantageous.Case 4 natures can be arbitrary shapes.Preferably, the interior edge of the framework of metal or plastics is corresponding to the edge of housing through-hole 2, and common (clear and not shown for expressing at Fig. 4) is by framework 7 coverings of case 4.The lath 6 ' of band projection 8 also is set in the embodiment of Fig. 4 naturally, but does not clearly draw for being concise in expression.
Can certainly in a housing 1, push several adjacent cases 4 of being close to, and can be cleaned, and not produce the intermediate space that can make gas resume combustion therein by single replacing-for example be used for.Projection 8 also can be used other protuberance, and for example at lath 6,6 ' goes up additional other material substitutes such as the metal dots piece.
Claims (10)
- The fireproof railings of 1 air-flow through hole, particularly as pipeline and explosion safety device be used for container port safety, it is by forming by the lath on the plane basically of placing to determining deviation, it is characterized in that, some independent, the straight line lath (6 that stacks mutually, 6 ') to be parallel to the planar structure setting on the plane that comprises through hole (2) axial line, lath (6,6 ') just keep by the spacing of the projection on per second block of lath (6 ') (8) at least by predetermined predetermined gap width corresponding to every kind of gas, space between the lath (6,6 ') does not have other assembly at least in through hole (2) zone.
- 2 by the described fireproof railings of claim 1, it is characterized in that, projection preferably obtains as stamp out arch (8) on lath (6 ') by known mode.
- 3 by claim 1 or 2 described fireproof railings, it is characterized in that, the lath (6 ') of single band projection (8) directly stacks and make the relative interlaced arrangement of the arch projection (8) on the lath that directly stacks up and down up and down.
- 4 by the described fireproof railings of one of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, vertical end of lath (6,6 ') keeps regularly relatively with the spacing of determining outside through hole (2).
- 5 by the described fireproof railings of claim 4, it is characterized in that, lath (6,6 ') is terminal with metal or plastics (9) casting, in welding or the soldering.
- 6 by the described fireproof railings of one of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, arranges before and after many independent laths (6,6 ') pile up, and preferably is put in preferably in the housing (1) direct neighbor.
- 7 by the described fireproof railings of one of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, each piles up by the outer framework (7) of through hole and pieces together the case that can operate separately (4).
- 8 by the described fireproof railings of one of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, lath (6,6 ') piles up a preferably foursquare square-section.
- 9 by one of aforesaid right requirement 1-7 described fireproof railings, it is characterized in that, lath (6,6 ') piles up a for example orbicular circular cross-section.
- 10 by the described fireproof railings of one of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, at least one side of piling up at least one lath (6,6 ') is provided with the circulation wall (10) that at least one changes flow behavior, and this circulation wall can be perforated plate or wire screen or preferably be made by metal lath.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0066399A AT408839B (en) | 1999-04-14 | 1999-04-14 | FLAME LOCK |
| ATA663/1999 | 1999-04-14 | ||
| ATA663/99 | 1999-04-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1270070A true CN1270070A (en) | 2000-10-18 |
| CN1141995C CN1141995C (en) | 2004-03-17 |
Family
ID=3496546
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001065882A Expired - Fee Related CN1141995C (en) | 1999-04-14 | 2000-04-14 | Fireproof railings |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1044703A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000329331A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20000071550A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1141995C (en) |
| AT (1) | AT408839B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103362608A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 北京凯润机电设备制造有限责任公司 | Rail fence fire barrier and method for manufacturing same |
| CN110013627A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | There is the parallel-plate fire arrester of bulge-structure |
| CN114055420A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-18 | 孙诗斐 | Base plate stacking and ventilating structure based on carrying base material |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT408839B (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2002-03-25 | Hoerbiger Ventilwerke Gmbh | FLAME LOCK |
| DE20208576U1 (en) * | 2002-06-03 | 2002-08-22 | Brilex Gesellschaft für Explosionsschutz mbH, 59929 Brilon | Pressure relief device with rupture disc |
| DE102004035780A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-03-16 | Siemens Ag | Fire barrier module |
| DE102020112499A1 (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-11 | R. Stahl Schaltgeräte GmbH | Pressure relief device |
| DE102023101925A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 | 2024-08-01 | Man Energy Solutions Se | Tube bundle reactor |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE241925C (en) * | ||||
| GB344806A (en) * | 1929-10-01 | 1931-03-02 | William Helmore | An improved trap for flame resulting from explosion of gases in a conduit |
| FR1136632A (en) * | 1955-11-07 | 1957-05-16 | Panergon | Fire protection device |
| US4013190A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1977-03-22 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Flame arresting and explosion attenuating system |
| US4248342A (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1981-02-03 | King Paul V | Blast suppressive shielding |
| US4484690A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1984-11-27 | Service Machine Co. | Flame arresting ventilated wall for an explosion-proof enclosure |
| CA1311409C (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1992-12-15 | Nicholas Roussakis | Flame arrester having detonation-attenuating means |
| US5336083A (en) * | 1991-02-22 | 1994-08-09 | Rajewski Robert K | Detonation arrestor with cooling section and quenching section |
| WO1994000197A1 (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1994-01-06 | Chem-Mech Engineering Laboratories | Flame arrestor apparatus |
| AT408839B (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2002-03-25 | Hoerbiger Ventilwerke Gmbh | FLAME LOCK |
-
1999
- 1999-04-14 AT AT0066399A patent/AT408839B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-03-29 EP EP00890103A patent/EP1044703A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-04 KR KR1020000017482A patent/KR20000071550A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-11 JP JP2000109810A patent/JP2000329331A/en active Pending
- 2000-04-14 CN CNB001065882A patent/CN1141995C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103362608A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 北京凯润机电设备制造有限责任公司 | Rail fence fire barrier and method for manufacturing same |
| CN103362608B (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-09-09 | 北京凯润机电设备制造有限责任公司 | A kind of rail fence fire barrier and manufacture method thereof |
| CN110013627A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | There is the parallel-plate fire arrester of bulge-structure |
| CN110013627B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2024-02-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Parallel plate flame arrester with protruding structure |
| CN114055420A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-18 | 孙诗斐 | Base plate stacking and ventilating structure based on carrying base material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1141995C (en) | 2004-03-17 |
| AT408839B (en) | 2002-03-25 |
| EP1044703A3 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
| EP1044703A2 (en) | 2000-10-18 |
| ATA66399A (en) | 2001-08-15 |
| KR20000071550A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
| JP2000329331A (en) | 2000-11-30 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |