CN1268342C - 药物组合物 - Google Patents
药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1268342C CN1268342C CNB03145738XA CN03145738A CN1268342C CN 1268342 C CN1268342 C CN 1268342C CN B03145738X A CNB03145738X A CN B03145738XA CN 03145738 A CN03145738 A CN 03145738A CN 1268342 C CN1268342 C CN 1268342C
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4402—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof only substituted in position 2, e.g. pheniramine, bisacodyl
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4415—Pyridoxine, i.e. Vitamin B6
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/525—Isoalloxazines, e.g. riboflavins, vitamin B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
- A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
- A61K31/704—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的药物组合物作为有效成分含有比沙可啶、番泻叶苷或其盐、以及维生素,可作为缓泻剂使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物组合物,尤其是对促进排便及对与便秘有关的皮肤粗糙和疙瘩等具有治疗效果的药物组合物。
背景技术
便秘是指比健康时排便次数和排便量均减少,并由此产生不舒服感的症状。用于治疗便秘的药剂包括对小肠起作用的“急泻剂”和对大肠起作用的“缓泻剂”的两种药剂,但一般治疗便秘的药剂主要使用“缓泻剂”。
另外,泻药包括:“盐类泻药”,其通过提高肠内的渗透压而为肠内提供水分;“膨胀浸润性泻药”,其在肠内吸收水分而膨胀;以及“刺激性泻药”,其对肠壁给予刺激等。一般药物产品主要使用刺激大肠的刺激性泻药。
但是,以往提供的缓泻剂也存在作用过强的问题。便秘与皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩之间确有一定的关联性。以往治疗便秘的药物大多数对与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩具有缓和功效。其作用只是依靠消除便秘,而并没有改善便秘起因的功效。
因此,以往治疗便秘的药剂不能完全满足需求,还需要开发具有更好治疗便秘效果的药剂。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供具有良好的治疗便秘效果和良好的治疗与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩等效果的药剂。
为解决上述问题,本发明者们进行了深入的研究,结果发现,当组合使用作为已知便秘治疗剂或排便促进剂的比沙可啶和番泻叶苷时,与分别单独使用比沙可啶和番泻叶苷相比,具有更明显的排泄效果,而且通过在这些组合物中添加维生素,可以迅速消除与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩等现象,由此完成了本发明。
即,本发明提供作为有效成分含有比沙可啶、番泻叶苷或其盐、以及维生素的药物组合物。
具体实施形式
在本发明的药物组合物中,作为有效成分使用的化合物是下式(1)表示的比沙可啶化合物。由于该化合物具有直接作用于肠的粘膜以促进肠蠕动的作用,而作为排便促进剂使用。
[式1]
另外,作为其他有效成分使用的化合物是下式(2)表示的番泻叶苷的化合物。由于该化合物具有刺激大肠以促进大肠蠕动的作用,因此可以在自然状态下促进排便,而被用于便秘症的治疗。也可以使用该番泻叶苷的盐如钙盐等。
[式2]
本发明通过组合使用用于便秘治疗的所述两种化合物,可得到单独使用这两种化合物时无法得到的更明显的排泄效果。为得到上述效果,所述两种化合物的混合比例为,相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,需要0.5~10重量份的番泻叶苷或其盐,优选1~5重量份的番泻叶苷或其盐。
此外,作为本发明的其他有效成分的维生素,一般使用对皮肤具有疗效的物质,例如可使用维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素C、烟酸、维生素H、泛酸等。其中,优选对皮肤炎等炎症具有治疗效果的维生素,具体可举出维生素B2和B6。
所述维生素的混合量(重量份)是,使用维生素B2时,相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,优选使用0.05~20重量份的维生素B2,更优选0.1~1重量份的维生素B2;而使用维生素B6时,相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,优选使用0.1~100重量份的维生素B6,更优选0.2~5重量份的维生素B6。
本发明的药物组合物可通过将上述三种成分与适当的制剂添加剂组合来配制成所需的剂型。作为本发明药物组合物的具体剂型的例子,可举出片剂(包括咀嚼片、泡腾片)、胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、微粒剂、粉剂、含片剂、巧克力糖剂、口服液剂等。这些剂型中可利用适当的已知制剂添加剂。其中特别优选肠溶性制剂。
作为本发明药物组合物的具体制造方法,可举出下面的方法。即,在上述比例范围内的比沙可啶、番泻叶苷或其盐和指定量的维生素的混合物中,根据需要加入制剂添加剂,并用常规方法混合均匀。在该制备方法中所使用的制剂添加剂,例如,用于常规固体制剂的制剂添加剂为:赋形剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、助溶剂、还原剂、缓冲剂、吸附剂、助流剂、防静电剂、抗氧剂、甜味剂、矫味剂、清凉剂、着色剂、着香剂、香料、芳香剂等。
接着,利用常规造粒法,将所述混合物制成粉粒。所述的常规造粒法如:利用含有水或有机溶剂的溶液或分散液的喷雾造粒法、搅拌造粒法、流动造粒法、转动造粒法、转动流动造粒法等湿式造粒法,利用粉粒粘合剂的压紧造粒法等干式造粒法。
而且当目标剂型为颗粒剂、微粒剂或粉剂时,通过直接使用上述粉粒或者粉碎调整粒径,根据需要筛选配制。另外,目标剂型为片剂时,将从上述方法得到的粉粒,根据需要进一步与制剂添加剂混合后,用常规方法压缩成型,根据需要涂层配制。另外,胶囊剂是通过将上述粉粒用胶囊充填机充填在胶囊中制备的。
通过上述方法制备的本发明药物组合物,可作为便秘治疗用缓泻剂有效地使用。该药物组合物的给药量,根据患者的便秘程度、年龄等不同而不同。作为有效成分的比沙可啶,使用剂量为成人每人每天1~20mg左右,番泻叶苷或其盐的使用剂量为成人每人每天3~50mg左右,维生素的使用剂量为成人每人每天2~100mg左右,每天分1~3次口服给药。
在本发明的药物组合物中,通过组合使用比沙可啶和番泻叶苷或其盐,得到作为缓泻剂的更明显的排泄效果。推测的原因是所述组合物对肠粘膜同时起药理作用,从而得到相乘的效果,而且番泻叶苷具有比沙可啶所没有的药理作用,因此治疗作用点不同。
另外,在本发明的药物组合物中,通过混合维生素,迅速消除了与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩等,其原因可能与肠内细菌有关。即,以维生素B2和B6为主的维生素被认为是通过肠内细菌的双岐杆菌属生成。因此,据推测便秘是由于破坏了肠内细菌的平衡,缺乏维生素造成的。
另一方面,有报告指出人起疙瘩的症状与过氧化脂质有关。也有报道认为,该过氧化脂质的异常增多与维生素B2的消耗量增多有关,可能引起了潜在的维生素B2缺乏。换句话说,有些人认为如果维生素B2等维生素充足,可抑制过氧化脂质的增多,其结果可提高皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩的改善效果。
实施例
下面举出实验例和试验例详细说明本发明,但本发明并不限于这些
实施例等。
试验例1
维生素的混合效果:
维生素B2和B6对皮肤变粗糙症状的治疗效果,按下述试验方法进行研究,作为实验动物使用老鼠。对实验动物诱发与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙症状比较困难。此外,没有同一模型,因此对单一皮肤炎模型进行维生素B2和B6给药作用的研究。皮肤症状的肉眼观察结果如表1所示,病理组织学的检查结果如表2所示。
[试验方法]
1)对象动物
3周龄的Crj:CD-1(ICR)系列雄性老鼠
2)组的组成
①正常饲料-对照组
②缺乏维生素B2和B6的饲料-对照组
③缺乏维生素B2和B6的饲料-维生素B2和B6的低用量给药组
④缺乏维生素B2和B6的饲料-维生素B2和B6的中等用量给药组
⑤缺乏维生素B2和B6的饲料-维生素B2和B6的高用量给药组
3)试验物质
维生素B2原粉,维生素B6原粉
4)试剂
羧甲基纤维素钠,橄榄油,巴豆油
5)给药方法
每天一次连续服用9天
6)诱发皮肤炎
把试验物质给药6天后除毛,7天后把溶解在橄榄油中的巴豆油20μl涂在各部位。
7)观察项目
皮肤炎的程度(右耳壳和背部皮肤),病理组织学的检查(右耳壳和背部皮肤)
8)观察
皮肤炎发病后分别在6、12、24、48小时后观察
9)评价标准
①皮肤症状的观察(皮肤炎发病后6、12、24、48小时后)
肉眼观察右耳壳和背部皮肤的皮肤炎程度的结果,按下述标准评价。
0(没有变化)
1(有些红斑)
2(中等程度的红斑)
3(很严重的红斑和浮肿)
②病理组织学的检查(皮肤炎发病后6、12、24、48小时后)
用显微镜检查中性白细胞浸润、浮肿、溃疡、痂皮的程度,按下述标准评价。
0(没有变化)
1(有些红斑)
2(中等程度的红斑)
3(很严重的红斑和浮肿)
[试验结果]
皮肤症状的肉眼观察结果:
表1
组 | 给药量(mg/kg) | 饲料 | 背部皮肤和耳壳的评价(平均值±标准误差) | ||||||||||
涂前 | 6小时后 | 12小时后 | 24小时后 | 48小时后 | |||||||||
维生素B2 | 维生素B6 | ||||||||||||
背部 | 耳壳 | 背部 | 耳壳 | 背部 | 耳壳 | 背部 | 耳壳 | 背部 | 耳壳 | ||||
对照 | - | - | 正常饲料 | 0(n=10) | 0(n=10) | 0.2±0.1(n=10) | 1.5±0.2(n=10) | 0.6±0.2(n=10) | 1.6±0.2(n=10) | 0.4±0.2(n=10) | 1.3±0.2(n=10) | 0(n=10) | 0(n=10) |
对照 | - | - | 0(n=12) | 0(n=12) | 0.7±0.1(n=12) | 2.3*±0.2(n=12) | 0.8±0.1(n=9) | 2.2±0.2(n=9) | 0.7±0.2(n=6) | 1.3±0.3(n=6) | 0(n=3) | 0(n=3) | |
0.3 | 0.75 | 缺乏VB2和VB6饲料 | 0(n=12) | 0(n=12) | 0.4±0.1(n=12) | 2.0±0.2(n=12) | 0.6±0.2(n=9) | 1.9±0.2(n=9) | 0.5±0.2(n=6) | 1.5±0.2(n=6) | 0(n=3) | 0(n=3) | |
1 | 2.5 | 0(n=12) | 0(n=12) | 0.4±0.1(n=12) | 1.7±0.1(n=12) | 0.4±0.2(n=9) | 1.6±0.2(n=9) | 0.5±0.2(n=6) | 1.3±0.2(n=6) | 0(n=3) | 0(n=3) | ||
3 | 7.5 | 0(n=12) | 0(n=12) | 0.3±0.1(n=12) | 1.3#±0.1(n=12) | 0.4±0.2(n=9) | 1.4#±0.2(n=9) | 0.3±0.2(n=6) | 1.3±0.2(n=6) | 0(n=3) | 0(n=3) |
皮肤症状的评价:0(没有变化),1(有些红斑),2(中等程度的红斑),3(很严重的红斑和浮肿)
*p<0.05:与对照组(正常饲料)比较,危险率为5%,有差异(wilcoxon顺序和检定)
#p<0.05:与(缺乏维生素B2和B6饲料)比较,危险率为5%,有差异(wilcoxon顺序和检定)
从以上结果可确认,随着维生素B2和B6给药量的增多,背部皮肤和耳壳的红斑程度降低。
病理组织学的检查:
表2
组 | 给药量(mg/kg) | 饲料 | 背部皮肤中性白细胞浸润、耳壳中性白细胞浸润以及耳壳浮肿的病理组织学的评价 | ||||||||||||
维生素B2 | 维生素B6 | 皮肤中性白细胞浸润 | 耳壳中性白细胞浸润 | 耳壳浮肿 | |||||||||||
6小时后 | 12小时后 | 24小时后 | 48小时后 | 6小时后 | 12小时后 | 24小时后 | 48小时后 | 6小时后 | 12小时后 | 24小时后 | 48小时后 | ||||
对照 | - | - | 1.0±0 | 1.3±0.3 | 1.3±0.3 | 1.0±1.0 | 1.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 0.7±0.3 | 1.3±0.3 | 1.7±0.3 | 0.7±0.3 | 0.7±0.3 | |
0.3 | 0.75 | 缺乏VB2和VB6饲料 | 1.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 0.7±0.3 | 0±0 | 1.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 0.7±0.3 | 1.3±0.3 | 2.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 0±0 | |
1 | 2.5 | 0.3±0 | 0.7±0.3 | 1.0±0.6 | 0±0 | 1.0±0 | 1.0±0 | 0.7±0.3 | 0±0 | 2.0±0 | 1.3±0.3 | 0.7±0.7 | 0.3±0.3 | ||
3 | 7.5 | 0.3±0 | 1.0±0 | 0*±0 | 0±0 | 0.3±0.3 | 1.0±0 | 0.7±0.3 | 0.3±0.3 | 0.3±0.3 | 1.3±0.3 | 0.3±0.3 | 0±0 |
皮肤症状的评价:0(没有变化),1(轻度变化),2(中等变化),3(重度变化)
用各组3例的平均值±标准误差表示。
*p<0.05:与(缺乏维生素B2和B6饲料)比较,危险率为5%,有差异(wilcoxon顺序和检定)
从以上结果可确认,随着维生素B2和B6给药量的增多,背部皮肤和耳壳细胞浸润以及耳壳浮肿减轻。
如上述结果所示,对缺乏维生素B2和维生素B6的老鼠用巴豆油诱发皮肤炎的模型(实验品),口服给药维生素B2和维生素B6,就会有效改善皮肤症状。因此,判断在服用便秘治疗剂时同时服用维生素B2和维生素B6就会有效改善皮肤症状。
实施例1
(a)中心片剂的制作
将下表3组成的中心片剂(原片)用5.5mmφ和4.5R的杵制作每片55mg的片剂。该片剂硬度为2.8kgf,分解时间(试验液;水)为6~8分钟。
表3
成分 | 1片中(mg) |
比沙可啶 | 5.0 |
番泻叶苷钙 | 13.3 |
维生素B6(盐酸维生素B6) | 5.0 |
维生素B2(核黄素) | 2.0 |
微晶纤维素PH-101 | 5.5 |
乳糖 | 22.7 |
滑石 | 0.5 |
硬脂酸镁 | 1.0 |
合计 | 55.0 |
将4.7kg该片剂装入通气式平底涂层机中(Hicoater HCT-48;Freund工业(株)制),在给气温度50℃、物品温度45℃、旋转数16转/分(rpm)条件下,把柠檬酸三乙酯/脂肪酸甘油酯(35/20)的可塑剂液以喷雾速度20g/分钟喷雾,用58g/分钟速度布洒羟丙基甲基纤维素乙酸酯琥珀酸酯(商品名AS-MF信越化学工业(株)制)/滑石(混合比10/6)的均匀混合粉体,进行干式涂层,得到1片67mg的肠溶性薄膜。
(b)糖衣片的制作
上述(a)制造的肠溶性薄膜片利用通气式平底涂层机(HicoaterHCT-48;Freund工业(株)制),用65%蔗糖糖浆,形成每片5mg、膜厚48μm的蔗糖层(薄膜)。而且,用由10%陶土、10%碳酸钙、5%滑石、5%二氧化钛、4%阿拉伯树胶粉末和40%蔗糖等组成的水悬浮液,形成每片35mg的平滑层。最后,用添加焦油色素的65%蔗糖糖浆,形成每片5mg的彩色层,用蜡显出光泽,得到肠溶性糖衣片。
本发明的药物组合物与以往的缓泻剂等便秘治疗剂相比,具有更明显的排泄效果。因为本发明的药物组合物是在以往的缓泻剂中加入并混合了维生素B2和B6等维生素,因此可以迅速消除与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩。
因此,本发明的药物组合物具有对与便秘有关的皮肤变粗糙和起疙瘩的治疗效果,可作为便秘用药剂广泛利用。
Claims (6)
1、药物组合物,其中作为有效成分,所述组合物含有比沙可啶、番泻叶苷或其盐以及维生素B2和/或维生素B6,以重量份计各成分的混合量如下:
(1)相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,番泻叶苷或其盐为0.5重量份~10重量份;
(2)相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,维生素B2为0.05重量份~20重量份;
(3)相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,维生素B6为0.1重量份~100重量份。
2、如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其中相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,番泻叶苷或其盐为1重量份~5重量份。
3、如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其中相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,维生素B2为0.1重量份~1重量份。
4、如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其中相对于1重量份的比沙可啶,维生素B6为0.2重量份~5重量份。
5、权利要求1~4的药物组合物在制备治疗便秘的药物中的应用。
6、权利要求1~4的药物组合物在制备治疗与便秘有关的皮肤粗糙和疙瘩的药物中的应用。
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