CN1236817C - 新的微生物酶混合物 - Google Patents
新的微生物酶混合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1236817C CN1236817C CNB028038894A CN02803889A CN1236817C CN 1236817 C CN1236817 C CN 1236817C CN B028038894 A CNB028038894 A CN B028038894A CN 02803889 A CN02803889 A CN 02803889A CN 1236817 C CN1236817 C CN 1236817C
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的微生物酶混和物,其含有浓缩的戴尔根霉(Rhizopus delemar)脂酶、蜂蜜曲霉(Aspergillus melleus)蛋白酶和米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)淀粉酶。本发明还涉及含有该微生物酶混和物的药物制剂。该新的药物制剂特别适合于治疗和/或预防哺乳动物和人的消化不良,尤其是胰腺机能不全所引起的消化不良。
Description
本发明涉及新的酶混和物,其含有一种确定的微生物脂酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶的集合。此外,本发明涉及含有该微生物酶混和物的药物制剂。该新的药物制剂特别适合于治疗和/或预防哺乳动物和人的消化不良,尤其是慢性外分泌胰腺机能不全所引起的消化不良。
哺乳动物和人的消化不良主要是由消化酶不足引起的,特别是由内源性脂酶以及蛋白酶和/或淀粉酶的不足引起的。消化酶不足的原因通常为胰腺的机能减退(=胰腺机能不全),该器官产生大多数的和最重要的内源性消化酶。如果存在疾病所引起的胰腺机能不全,则可能是先天性的或后天性的。后天性的慢性胰腺机能不全可能例如归因于酒精中毒。先天性的胰腺机能不全可能例如归因于胰管粘稠物阻塞症这一先天性疾病。消化酶不足的结果可能为严重的营养不良和营养缺乏症状,其可能伴随着增加对于继发性疾病的易感性。
内源性消化酶不足的疗法证明可以用具有同类效用的外源性消化酶或消化酶混和物来替代。现在对于此目的,最普遍地使用含有猪胰酶(=胰酶)的药物制剂(=药剂)。这种从猪胰腺中获得的消化酶混和物以近乎理想的方式应用于人的酶替代疗法,这是由于其中所含有的酶和伴随物与人的胰分泌液中所含有的内含物具有很大的相似性。由于一些胰酶的成分(例如胰脂酶和胰淀粉酶)对于低于pH5的酸性pH值是敏感的,为了防止在胃中酸诱导的变性,应当将用于口服施用的胰酶制剂包上抗胃液保护层。这种保护层可防止酸敏感性胰酶成分受到不可逆的破坏,并经过胃之后才在上小肠段释放出它们的内含物,在上小肠段中通常更高的、无害的pH值(大约pH5.5-8)居支配地位。同时,上小肠段(如十二指肠)在通常情况下是身体吸收大部分经酶裂解的营养部分的地方。
由于胰酶为天然产物,质量一致且高价值形式的制备,需要相当巨大的技术费用。此外,其供应取决于适合加工成胰酶的原料的变化。
因此,已经进行了不同试验以提供适宜的相对具有改良性质的消化酶混和物,其如同胰酶般好地用于自体性消化酶的替代。
为了适合于人的消化酶的替代,所有的替代酶必须满足一系列的要求(参看,例如G.Peschke,“酶制剂的活性成分和盖伦氏制剂状况”(Active Components and Galenic Aspects of EnzymePreparations),健康与疾病中的胰腺酶(Pancreatic Enzymes inHealth and Disease),编者:P.G.Lankisch,Springer出版社,Berlin,Heidelberg 1991,p55-64;下面以“Peschke”进行引用)。因此,除此之外,替代酶应当相对于胃蛋白酶以及其他自体性蛋白酶如胰蛋白酶是稳定的。即使在自体性胆盐的存在下,替代酶也应保持其活性。
通常认为,例如由疾病引起而减少产生的自体性脂酶的替代是用于人的消化酶的替代疗法最重要的组成部分。然而,很久以来就熟知的是,同时替代减少产生的蛋白酶和淀粉酶对于相关患者具有附加的有益影响(参见,例如Peschke,p55;WO 96/38170,p6)。因此,用于治疗和/或预防哺乳动物和人的消化不良的药物制剂应当除了替代身体的脂解活性之外,还进一步替代蛋白水解和淀粉分解活性。在此重要的是,于药物制剂中含有的不同的替代酶(脂酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶)能够在为其所预定的作用位点(这通常是指上小肠段)分别以足够的高效释放其活性。由于生理条件下,食物摄取时或随后在人胃中大多出现比空腹时(大约pH1-2)更高的pH值(例如pH4-5),且由于通常在上小肠段的生理pH值位于5.5-8,所以在大约4-8的pH范围内具有良好的pH稳定性和良好的pH活性的消化酶能够被认为非常适合于替代人的消化酶。
在欧洲专利申请EP A 0 387 945中,已知除了哺乳动物胰提取物之外还附加地含有微生物脂酶的制剂。由于其中仍含有动物胰酶的部分,因此就不能通过简单的标准化实验室方法以始终一致的质量和任意的产量生产这种制剂。
在国际专利申请WO 96/38170中描述了一种制剂,其含有耐酸的黑曲霉(Aspergillus ninger)淀粉酶和视需要含有耐酸的爪哇根霉(Rhizopus javanicus)脂酶,并可以作为消化辅助剂使用。但是在该文献中没有给出对于替代自体性蛋白水解活性的具体建议。而是仅仅指出存在这样的可能性,即用猪胰酶替代人胰分泌液中除了脂酶和淀粉酶之外的所有其他成分。这表明在WO 96/38170中所描述的制剂是不用于或不适合对于自体性消化酶的完全替代的。
此外,在S.Scheler的论文(标题:来自米曲霉(Aspergillusoryzae)的具有优化消化能力的高活性多单位制剂(Multiple unit-Zubereitungen aus Aspergillus oryzae-Enzymen hoherAktivitt mit optimierter digestiver Potenz),Erlangen-Nürnberg大学,1995)中,进一步以盖伦氏观点来研究商购可得的米根霉脂酶、米曲霉蛋白酶和米曲霉淀粉酶的集合。可是,例如其中所加入的脂酶与自体性胰蛋白酶相比不具有令人满意的稳定性。
由上述陈述明确了,用于完全替代哺乳动物和人自体性消化酶的药物制剂必须含有尽量与自体条件协调的替代酶或者替代酶混和物。
因此,本发明的任务在于提供用于治疗和/或预防哺乳动物和人的消化不良,经改良的消化酶混和物或含有这种混和物的药物制剂,其能够替代自体性脂解、蛋白水解和淀粉分解的酶活性,且其中含有的替代酶以高的特异活性允许相对较少的剂量。同时,消化酶混和物中所含有的替代酶(脂酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶)应当不仅在单独时而且在相互混和时尽可能好地满足对用于人的治疗的消化酶所提出的全部要求。例如,替代酶在各自生理作用位点处通常占支配地位的pH范围内应当显示出良好的pH稳定性和良好的pH活性。此外,替代酶应当与自体性活性物质如胆盐或自体性蛋白酶(例如胃蛋白酶或胰蛋白酶)是能够良好相处的。进一步的任务在于选择出符合根据本发明目标的这样的替代酶,通过在处理过程和产量上易于简单标准化的生产方法能够获得始终一致的质量和任意的产量。
通过提供新的微生物酶混和物可完成该任务,其含有
a)浓缩的戴尔根霉脂酶,
b)蜂蜜曲霉中性蛋白酶和
c)米曲霉淀粉酶。
根据本发明的微生物酶混和物可以与常用的辅剂和/或载剂一起包含于通常的药物制剂中。该药物制剂仅仅含有根据本发明的来自一定霉菌的微生物酶混和物作为生物活性物质,并适用于完全替代哺乳动物和人的自体性消化酶。在根据本发明的微生物酶混和物中所含有的各种酶(脂酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶)具有共性,即它们在生理至病理生理的消化道pH范围(大约pH4-8)内和尤其在食物摄取时或随后占支配地位的pH条件下显示出良好的pH稳定性和良好的pH活性。由此,该药物制剂表现出良好的有效性和良好的耐受性。
浓缩的戴尔根霉脂酶具有至少1,800,000FIP-E/g(=根据“国际药物联盟”(比利时)的规定所确定的国际标准化酶活性单位)的特异活性。戴尔根霉纯系被认为是米根霉纯系的亚种。戴尔根霉纯系的霉菌的脂酶是熟知的,并能够例如在经过熟知的处理过程之后从相应真菌的培育液中获得。对于霉菌的发酵和对于分离这些霉菌产生的酶产物的操作方法对于专业人员来说是熟知的,例如来自有关的生物工程学教科书(参见,例如H.Diekmann,H.Metz,生物工程学基础与实践(Grundlagen und Praxis der Biotechnologie),GustavFischer出版社,Stuttgart,New York 1991)或者来自有关的科学专业出版物。此外,分离得到的脂酶能够例如以熟知的方式从伴随物释放出来,并富集或浓缩直至具有根据本发明所期望的特异活性。可以优选采用Amano制药公司(日本)的戴尔根霉脂酶(EC-Nr.3.1.1.3)“Lipase D Amano 2000”(也称为“LipaseD2”)。该脂酶与天然胰脂酶一样显示出对于脂肪酸甘油酯的1,3-位特异性。特异活性位于大约1,800,000FIP-E/g至大约2,250,000FIP-E/g之间。“Lipase D Amano 2000”表现出对于胰酶中胰蛋白酶的高稳定性。因此,在实验室试验中,“Lipase D Amano2000”的脂解活性在pH6-8的pH范围内经过2小时胰酶中胰蛋白酶的作用后仍具有初始活性的55%。在实验室试验中,“Lipase DAmano 2000”的pH稳定性在pH4-8的pH范围内和37℃下经过120分钟的时间后具有初始活性的至少70%。
作为对于浓缩的戴尔根霉脂酶的特有鉴定值,例如其pH特性是合适的。因此,以依赖于pH值的特异活性测定出“Lipase D Amano2000”的pH特性。于此,按照经改动的FIP方法测量在各pH值下的特异活性用于确定微生物脂酶活性。此外,还要测定各种浓度的胆盐下的pH特性。
a)
橄榄油乳浊液的配制
44g 阿拉伯树胶
115g 橄榄油和
400ml 水
在电搅拌器中均质化15分钟。
b)
不同浓度胆汁干浸出物溶液的配制
无胆汁:120ml水
0.5mmol/L胆汁:120ml水+200mg胆汁干浸出物(FIP标准)
5mmol/L胆汁:120ml水+2g胆汁干浸出物
10mmol/L胆汁:120ml水+4g胆汁干浸出物
c)
底物乳浊液的配制
480ml橄榄油乳浊液(见上)
160ml氯化钙溶液(28.3g CaCl2·2H2O/L水)和
120ml所期望浓度的胆汁干浸出物溶液(见上)
进行混和。
d)
酶溶液的配制
将50mg“Lipase D Amano 2000”(测得其特异活性为2,230,000FIP-E/g)溶解在100ml 1%的氯化钠溶液中。从该原液中提取1ml,并用纯净水稀释至200ml。每次使用1ml经稀释的原液(相当于5,575FIP-E)用于随后的测定。
从上述给出的含有一定的胆盐浓度的底物乳浊液中各取19ml的样品于37℃恒温。然后,在不同的底物乳浊液样品中,通过添加0.1M NaOH或1M HCl调节pH值至3、4、5、6、7和8。随即向如此准备的底物乳浊液样品中各添加1ml上述给出的酶溶液(注释:为了确定最佳滴定率,可以原则上采用熟知的方法通过系列稀释得出酶溶液中理想的脂酶的合适含量)。在进行添加之后,用0.1M NaOH进行10分钟的pH稳定滴定。随后,在30秒之内进行终点滴定至pH9,以便完全解离出游离的脂肪酸。将总共所需的0.1M NaOH消耗量换算成脂酶活性单位E:一个脂酶活性单位E在此处相当于每分钟1μMol的消耗量。可以将所算出的脂酶活性单位通过涉及以克计的每次所用的干酶量换算成E/mg的单位。为了描绘出pH特性,在表1中将对于每个试验pH值和每个试验胆盐浓度的E/mg单位用表格显示,并将列成表格的值在图1中绘制成图。
从上述给出的pH特性中,在0.5mmol/L FIP-标准胆盐浓度下,能够于大约pH7确定出对应于脂酶活性的最大值“Lipase D Amano2000”的pH-最佳值。
蜂蜜曲霉中性蛋白酶显示出至少7,500FIP-E/g的特异活性。其pH-最佳值位于pH6-8。蜂蜜曲霉系的霉菌的中性蛋白酶是熟知的,并能够例如在经过熟知的处理过程之后从相应真菌的培育液中获得。对于霉菌的发酵和对于分离这些霉菌产生的酶产物的操作方法对于专业人员来说是熟知的,例如来自有关的生物工程学教科书(参见,例如H.Diekmann,H.Metz,生物工程学的基础与实践(Grundlagenund Praxis der Biotechnologie),Gustav Fischer出版社,Stuttgart,New York 1991)或者来自有关的科学专业出版物。经分离得到的蛋白酶能够随后按期望以熟知的方式从伴随物释放出来,并能够进行富集或浓缩直至达到根据本发明所期望的特异活性。
优选可以采用Amano制药公司(日本)的蜂蜜曲霉中性蛋白酶“Prozyme 6”(有时也称为“碱性蛋白酶”,EC-Nr.3.4.21.63)。该微生物蛋白酶水解多糖的1,4-α-D-糖苷键,所述多糖至少含有三个1,4-α-D-葡萄糖单位并显示出大约7,800FIP-E/g的特异活性。在实验室试验中,蛋白酶“Prozyme 6”的pH稳定性在pH5-8的pH范围内和37℃下经过120分钟的时间后至少具有初始活性的60%。
作为对于蜂蜜曲霉中性蛋白酶的特有鉴定值,例如其pH特性是适宜的。因此,以特异活性相对于pH值测定出蛋白酶“Prozyme6”的pH特性。
为此根据用于胰蛋白酶活性测定的FIP-方法的规定配制不同的底物溶液。使用改动的FIP-规定,用4%的血红蛋白溶液代替酪蛋白溶液作为底物溶液。此外,使用改动的FIP-规定,于不同的底物溶液中,通过添加相应量的1M NaOH或1M HCl各自调节至2、3、4、5、6、7和8的不同pH值。向底物溶液中添加“Prozyme 6”的样品。
随后在不同pH值的底物溶液中,根据上面所述的FIP-规定测定出“Prozyme 6”样品的蛋白酶活性。将在各种样品中所测得的酶活性与在测量系列中所测得的最大值(=100%)相统一。用于pH特性的对于“Prozyme 6”所测得的测量值以表格显示在表2中,并在图2中绘制成图。“Prozyme 6”由此在生理pH范围内具有最佳效用。
从上述给出的pH特性中,能够于大约pH8确定出相对于蛋白酶活性的最大值的“Prozyme 6”的pH-最佳值。
根据本发明所使用的米曲霉淀粉酶(EC-Nr.3.21.1.1)为α-淀粉酶,其显示出至少40,000FIP-E/g(在pH5.8测量)的特异活性。其pH-最佳值位于pH4-6.5的pH范围内。米曲霉纯系霉菌的淀粉酶是熟知的,并能够例如在经过熟知的处理过程之后从相应真菌的培育液中获得。对于霉菌的发酵和对于分离这些霉菌产生的酶产物的操作方法对于专业人员来说是熟知的,例如来自有关的生物工程学教科书(参见,例如H.Diekmann,H.Metz,生物工程学的基础与实践(Grundlagen und Praxis der Biotechnologie),GustavFischer出版社,Stuttgart,New York 1991)或者来自有关的科学专业出版物。分离得到的淀粉酶随后能够按期望以熟知的方式从伴随物中释放出来,并能够进行富集或浓缩直至达到根据本发明所期望的特异活性。优选可以使用Amano制药公司(日本)的蜂蜜曲霉淀粉酶“Amylase A1”和Extrakt-Chemie公司(德国)的蜂蜜曲霉淀粉酶“Amylase EC”。“Amylase A1”是更优选的。
微生物淀粉酶“Amylase A1”显示出大约52,000FIP-E/g(在pH5.8测量)的特异活性。在实验室试验中,蛋白酶“Amylase A1”的pH稳定性在pH5-8的pH范围内和37℃下经过120分钟的时间后至少具有初始活性的85%。在进一步的实验室试验中,确定“Amylase A1”对于胰酶中胰蛋白酶(在pH6-8的pH范围内测量)、对于“Prozyme 6”(在pH4-8的pH范围内测量)以及对于胃蛋白酶具有良好的稳定性。
作为对于米曲霉淀粉酶的特有鉴定值,例如其pH特性是适宜的。因此,以特异活性相对于pH值测定出“Amylase A1”的pH特性。
根据用于微生物淀粉酶活性测定的FIP-方法的规定配制不同的底物溶液。使用改动的FIP-规定,于不同的底物溶液中,通过先向根据FIP-方法所使用的乙酸盐缓冲液中添加相应数量的5M NaOH或5M HCl而各自调节至3.25、4、5、6、6.8和7.4的不同pH值。向底物溶液中添加“Amylase A1”的样品。
随后在不同pH值的底物溶液中,根据上面所述的FIP-规定测定出“Amylase A1”样品的淀粉酶活性。将在各种样品中所测得的酶活性与在测量系列中所测得的最大值(=100%)相统一。用于pH特性的对于“Amylase A1”所测得的测量值以表格显示在表3中,并在图3中绘制成图。
从上述给出的pH特性中,能够于大约pH5确定出对应于淀粉酶活性的最大值的“Amylase A1”的pH-最佳值。
微生物淀粉酶“Amylase EC”显示出大约42,500FIP-E/g(在pH5.8测量)的特异活性。此外,也可检测到少量比例的β-淀粉酶。其pH-最佳值(按照上述给出的用于“Amylase A1”方法测量)位于大约pH5。在实验室试验中,“Amylase EC”的pH稳定性在pH6-8的pH范围内和37℃下经过120分钟的时间后具有初始活性的至少80%。在进一步的实验室试验中,确定“Amylase EC”对于胰酶中胰蛋白酶(在pH6-8的pH范围内测量)、对于“Prozyme 6”(在pH4-8的pH范围内测量)以及对于胃蛋白酶具有良好的稳定性。
对于根据本发明的药物制剂,首先可以选择能够口服的固体剂量形式,例如粉剂、丸剂或者微球体,可以将其装入胶囊或小药囊或者压制成片剂。也可以考虑诸如悬浮液或溶液之类的液体药物制剂。各种酶(脂酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶)于此可以一起或以空间相互分隔的形式存在。如果各种酶不是以空间相互分隔的形式存在,优选干的加工和/或贮存。此外,这些药物制剂可以含有常用的辅剂和/或载剂。例如微晶状纤维素、聚乙二醇(如PEG 4000),还有低级醇(尤其是如2-丙醇的直链或分枝的C1-C4-醇)以及水可以考虑用作为辅剂和/或载剂。
根据本发明所使用的微生物替代酶表现出在宽的pH范围内的良好稳定性,因此可以不需进一步的处理(如加膜)而直接用于口服药物制剂的生产。为此目的,各种替代酶(脂酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶)可以一起或空间相互分隔的形式制成小丸。各种替代酶可以按期望用合适的且熟知的抗胃液加膜层。如果不是所有的替代酶需要抗胃液加膜,各种类的替代酶互相分离制成小丸和每个酶种类的小丸各自分开加膜是合适的。蛋白酶和/或脂酶各自单独制成小丸并进行抗胃液层的加膜是尤其适宜的。按期望也可以将酶混和物中存在的全部三种酶一起进行抗胃液层的加膜,或者两种酶进行抗胃液的加膜而另一种酶不进行加膜。
根据本发明所使用的替代酶的高特异活性,允许提供高效却相对小的剂量形式。例如,在实施形式中,药物制剂可以型号0的口服胶囊存在。在这样的剂量形式中也可以含有大约10.000-50.000 FIP-E的脂酶、8.000 FIP-E的淀粉酶和200FIP-E的蛋白酶。替代酶即脂酶、淀粉酶和蛋白酶以大约50-500 FIP-E:40-120 FIP-E:1 FIP-E的比例存在是合适的。
根据本发明的用于治疗和/或预防哺乳动物和人消化不良的药物制剂的效能可以用下面说明的用于脂肪消化测定的体外测试模型进行证明:
1.
猪饲料测试食料中脂肪消化的证明
研究了在还含有其他营养成分的猪饲料测试食料中根据本发明可用的微生物酶混和物对于脂肪分解的影响。添加氯化钙溶液于此有利于将变为游离的脂肪酸以钙皂形式析出。
A)
猪饲料测试食料的配制
将下列说明的成分:
64.8g“Altromin 9021”-预制食料(Altromin GmbH公司,德国,脂肪含量大约为2-3%,基本上由粗磨小麦组成)3.85g“Sojamin”-蛋白质混和物(Lukas Meyer公司,德国)24.5g阿拉伯树胶(Merck KGaA公司,德国)26.7g豆油(Roth公司,德国;主要脂肪成分;平均分子重量=932g/mol)
用265ml纯水混和,并随后在家用搅拌器中均质化15分钟。所获得的匀化产物用纯水补足至450ml的体积。
B)
胆汁干浸出物溶液的配制
将1.35g胆汁干浸出物(FIP标准;脂酶活化混和物)溶解在50ml纯水中。
C)
酶溶液的配制
1.脂酶溶液
将63.1mg Amano制药公司(日本)的“Lipase D Amano2000”(在pH7测得特异活性为1,888,137 FIP-E/g)溶解在10ml纯水中。从这种原液中取250μl用于下面的测量。
2.蛋白酶溶液
将319mg Amano制药公司(日本)的“Prozyme 6”(在pH7.5测得特异活性为7,812 FIP-E/g)溶解在10ml纯水中。从这种原液中取250μl用于下面的测量。
3.淀粉酶溶液
将595mg Extrakt-Chemie公司(德国)的“Amylase EC”(在pH5.8测得特异活性为13,466FIP-E/g)溶解在10ml纯水中。从这种原液中取1,000μl用于下面的测量。
D)
测量溶液的准备
向15.5ml上述猪饲料测试食料中掺入2ml上述胆汁干浸出物溶液,以及相继掺入三种上述酶溶液C)1至C)3,并用纯水补足至29ml。
E)
测量的实施
将准备好的测量溶液于37℃恒温,并通过用1M NaOH进行终点滴定而调节pH至7。在添加三种酶溶液之后紧接着开始20分钟的pH稳定滴定,并每10秒钟记录下1M NaOH的消耗量。在滴定期间,将1ml 4M的氯化钙溶液以50μl分批手工进行剂量分配,以致达到最大反应速度。
F)
结果
猪饲料测试食料中含有的脂肪(=甘油三脂肪酸酯)在经过20分钟的反应时间之后有大约67%被水解。这相当于超过100%地分解成生理水解产物即2-甘油单脂肪酸酯(超过100%的值归因于2-甘油单脂肪酸酯自发性分子重排为1-或3-甘油单脂肪酸酯,以及随后的脂解分离)。
含有根据本发明可用酶的消化酶混和物的良好脂肪消化效能也可以在体外用橄榄油测试食料来证明。
根据本发明的用于治疗和/或预防哺乳动物和人消化不良的药物制剂的特别良好效能,尤其是对于由胰腺机能不全所产生的消化不良的效能,也可以借助于活体动物模型(例如胰腺机能不全的猪)来证明:
2.
根据本发明的酶混和物在体内对于胰腺机能不全猪的效用
试验在9只成年雌性Ellegaard品系的格廷根(Gttingen)小型猪(33-40kg体重)上进行,各使用一套回盲肠分流插管。分流插管有助于试验动物食糜的收集。此外,将6只这样的动物进行胰导管结扎(=测试动物)。其余的3只动物保留了完好的胰导管,并用作试验结果的对照(=对照动物)。该测试用总计三种不同剂量的根据本发明的酶混和物来进行。下面给出了酶剂量:
剂量1:111.833 FIP-E/餐“Lipase D Amano 2000”
1.775 FIP-E/餐“Prozyme 6”
89.760 FIP-E/餐“Amylase A1”
剂量2:223.665 FIP-E/餐“Lipase D Amano 2000”
3.551 FIP-E/餐“Prozyme 6”
179.520 FIP-E/餐“Amylase A1”
剂量3:335.498 FIP-E/餐“Lipase D Amano 2000”
5.326 FIP-E/餐“Prozyme 6”
269.280 FIP-E/餐“Amylase A1”
对于每种剂量,在22天的时间内每天两次各用250g富含脂肪的试验饲料喂所有的动物,其中含有用于小型猪的170g饲料(Altromin,Lukas Meyer公司;基本上为加倍粗磨的小麦)、10g蛋白质浓缩物(Sojamin 90,Lukas Meyer公司)、70g豆油(Roth公司)和0.625g Cr2O3(作为不能吸收的标记,Roth公司),并用1L水混和。在将要喂食之前,只有在测试动物的饲料之中附加地将根据本发明的酶混和物的各种酶以相应的量混入。此外,用5只测试动物组成一个测试系列,其中它们的试验饲料没有添加酶混和物。将对于这一测试系列所得的结果在下面作为“零值”给出。分别在研究期间的第20至22天,从分流插管中提取试验动物的超过12小时的食糜样品,并就其中粗脂肪、粗蛋白质和淀粉的含量进行研究。喂养试验和其评测以熟知的方式进行(参见P.C.Gregory,R.Tabeling,J.Kamphues,成长动物中的胰腺生物学(Biology of the Pancreas in Growing Animals);动物和兽医科学发展(Developments in Animal and Veterinary Sciences)
28(1999)381-394,Elsevier,Amsterdam;编者:S.G.Pierzynowski和R.Zabielski)。
在上述活体试验中所测得的试验动物中粗脂肪、粗蛋白质和淀粉的表观盲肠前消化性以百分数各自显示在下面的表A中,该比率基于最初饲喂的脂肪、蛋白质或淀粉的绝对量。作为“盲肠前消化性”给出的值相当于“表观盲肠前消化性”,其通过下面的特征而区别于实际盲肠前消化性,即它们可能还包括少量内源性部分的研究物质(例如内源性的蛋白质)。盲肠前消化性按照标记法并借助于下面指定的公式从试验动物的食糜中测得:
盲肠前消化性sV
表A:
试验动物中粗脂肪、粗蛋白质和淀粉的盲肠前消化性的体内测定
盲肠前消化性(%) | |||
粗脂肪 | 粗蛋白质 | 淀粉 | |
零值 | 29.0+/-9.8 | 33.7+/-5.2 | 63.8+/-6.7 |
测试动物-剂量1 | 43.5+/-9.9 | 56.3+/-4.5 | 71.9+/-9.3 |
测试动物-剂量2 | 52.1+/-8.3 | 64.0+/-3.7 | 74.2+/-5.8 |
测试动物-剂量3 | 55.3+/-8.0 | 68.7+/-3.3 | 81.6+/-3.7 |
对照动物 | 97.6+/-0.02 | 82.3+/-1.5 | 96.9+/-0.5 |
所有的值指定为带有标准偏差的平均值。
从给出的试验结果可以清晰地看出,通过施用根据本发明的酶混和物在胰腺机能不全的猪中获得了脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的消化性的显著改善,而且这种改善是剂量依赖的。
实施例I:
用400g“Lipase D Amano 2000”、400g PEG 4000和1,200g“Vivapur”(=微晶状纤维素)在添加少量2-丙醇和水的条件下,以熟知的方式生产直径0.7-1.4mm的小丸。
用7,000g“Amylase A1”、2,000g PEG 4000和1,000g“Vivapur”在添加少量2-丙醇和水的条件下,以熟知的方式生产直径0.7-1.7mm的小丸。
用1,750g“Prozyme 6”、500g PEG 4000和250g“Vivapur”在添加少量2-丙醇和水的条件下,以熟知的方式生产直径0.7-1.7mm的小丸。
从上面生产的小丸中每次取32mg脂酶小丸、325mg淀粉酶小丸和40mg蛋白酶小丸装入型号0的明胶胶囊中。从而获得在每个胶囊中具有下列活性的剂量形式:
脂酶 大约 10,000 FIP-E
蛋白酶 大约 200 FIP-E
淀粉酶 大约 8,000 FIP-E
Claims (12)
1.酶混和物,其特征在于含有
a)浓缩的戴尔根霉脂酶,
b)蜂蜜曲霉中性蛋白酶和
c)米曲霉淀粉酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的酶混和物,其中脂酶显示出至少1,800,000FIP-E/g的特异活性。
3.根据权利要求1所述的酶混和物,其中蛋白酶显示出至少7,500FIP-E/g的特异活性。
4.根据权利要求1所述的酶混和物,其中蛋白酶的pH-最佳值在pH6-8之间。
5.药物制剂,其特征在于含有根据权利要求1所述的酶混和物以及常用的辅剂和/或载剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制剂,其以粉剂、丸剂、微球体、胶囊、小药囊、片剂的形式或者作为悬浮液或溶液存在。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制剂,其中至少一种选自脂酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶的酶单独制成小丸。
8.根据权利要求5-7之一所述的制剂,其中将至少一种选自脂酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶的酶用抗胃液层进行加膜。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制剂,其中蛋白酶和/或脂酶单独制成小丸,并用抗胃液层进行加膜。
10.根据权利要求5所述的制剂,其中酶的比例即脂酶∶淀粉酶∶蛋白酶各自为50-500FIP-E∶40-120FIP-E∶1FIP-E。
11.根据权利要求5所述的制剂,其在每个剂量单位中含有至少10,000FIP-E的脂酶、8,000FIP-E的淀粉酶和200FIP-E的蛋白酶。
12.根据权利要求1所述的酶混和物在生产药物中的用途,所述药物用于治疗和/或预防由于胰腺机能不全而引起的哺乳动物和人的消化不良。
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US11541009B2 (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2023-01-03 | Curemark, Llc | Methods of prophylaxis of coronavirus infection and treatment of coronaviruses |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1084431A (en) * | 1964-05-06 | 1967-09-20 | Analyses Et De Rech S Biolog M | Improvements in and relating to lipases |
DE2638088C3 (de) * | 1976-08-24 | 1979-06-21 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Verwendung von SuBmolkenpulver |
JP3152958B2 (ja) * | 1991-06-14 | 2001-04-03 | 天野エンザイム株式会社 | 微生物起源リパーゼの安定化組成物及び安定化法 |
DE4332985A1 (de) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-03-30 | Konrad Peter Maria Dr Sommer | Arzneimittel zur Behandlung der Dysfunktion des exokrinen Pankreas |
US5750104A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1998-05-12 | Digestive Care Inc. | High buffer-containing enteric coating digestive enzyme bile acid compositions and method of treating digestive disorders therewith |
US6013680A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-01-11 | Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Digestive enzyme-containing medicament |
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2002
- 2002-01-10 AR ARP020100070A patent/AR032392A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-16 HU HU0500560A patent/HUP0500560A3/hu unknown
- 2002-01-16 NZ NZ527148A patent/NZ527148A/en unknown
- 2002-01-16 CZ CZ20031900A patent/CZ20031900A3/cs unknown
- 2002-01-16 CN CNB028038894A patent/CN1236817C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-16 SK SK929-2003A patent/SK9292003A3/sk unknown
- 2002-01-16 JP JP2002560665A patent/JP2004524838A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-01-16 MX MXPA03005960A patent/MXPA03005960A/es unknown
- 2002-01-16 PL PL02362646A patent/PL362646A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-16 WO PCT/EP2002/000374 patent/WO2002060474A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-16 IL IL15700402A patent/IL157004A0/xx unknown
- 2002-01-16 BR BR0206521-5A patent/BR0206521A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-16 CA CA002434808A patent/CA2434808A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-16 EP EP02716661A patent/EP1381386A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-01-16 RU RU2003124078/15A patent/RU2003124078A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
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2003
- 2003-07-17 US US10/620,759 patent/US20040057944A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-18 NO NO20033261A patent/NO20033261D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
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HUP0500560A2 (hu) | 2005-09-28 |
WO2002060474A2 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
AR032392A1 (es) | 2003-11-05 |
US20040057944A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
SK9292003A3 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
NO20033261L (no) | 2003-07-18 |
RU2003124078A (ru) | 2005-01-27 |
MXPA03005960A (es) | 2003-09-05 |
CA2434808A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
NO20033261D0 (no) | 2003-07-18 |
IL157004A0 (en) | 2004-02-08 |
CN1487837A (zh) | 2004-04-07 |
HUP0500560A3 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
EP1381386A2 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
CZ20031900A3 (cs) | 2003-10-15 |
NZ527148A (en) | 2005-01-28 |
JP2004524838A (ja) | 2004-08-19 |
BR0206521A (pt) | 2004-02-17 |
WO2002060474A3 (de) | 2003-10-30 |
PL362646A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
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