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CN1220569C - 自紧钻夹头 - Google Patents

自紧钻夹头 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1220569C
CN1220569C CN01115015.7A CN01115015A CN1220569C CN 1220569 C CN1220569 C CN 1220569C CN 01115015 A CN01115015 A CN 01115015A CN 1220569 C CN1220569 C CN 1220569C
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Prior art keywords
drill body
screw
drive part
actuating sleeve
annular
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN01115015.7A
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CN1390668A (zh
Inventor
杨桂模
谭兴达
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Shandong Weida Machinery Co Ltd
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Shandong Weida Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN01115015.7A priority Critical patent/CN1220569C/zh
Priority to DE10296918T priority patent/DE10296918T5/de
Priority to US10/480,358 priority patent/US7296803B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2002/000399 priority patent/WO2002100584A1/zh
Publication of CN1390668A publication Critical patent/CN1390668A/zh
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Publication of CN1220569C publication Critical patent/CN1220569C/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/1207—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving obliquely to the axis of the chuck in a plane containing this axis
    • B23B31/1238—Jaws movement actuated by a nut with conical screw-thread
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/1207—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving obliquely to the axis of the chuck in a plane containing this axis
    • B23B31/123—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving obliquely to the axis of the chuck in a plane containing this axis with locking arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
    • B23B2231/38—Keyless chucks for hand tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10S279/902—Keyless type socket
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17615—Obliquely guided reciprocating jaws
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17615—Obliquely guided reciprocating jaws
    • Y10T279/17623—Threaded sleeve and jaw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17615—Obliquely guided reciprocating jaws
    • Y10T279/17623—Threaded sleeve and jaw
    • Y10T279/17632—Conical sleeve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/20—Chucks or sockets with safety feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/32—Means to prevent jaw loosening
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/34—Accessory or component
    • Y10T279/3493—Protection means; e.g., cover, seal, overstress prevention, air blast

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种自紧钻夹头，包括有钻体、夹爪、丝母、外套，丝母与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪啮合，钻体后端中心孔间隙配合安装一传动连接轴，传动连接轴上端外部连接有驱动套，钻体止推面和丝母之间设有一可转动的棘轮，棘轮和丝母之间设有滚动体，驱动外套和一环形驱动件接合，环形驱动件与丝母固定连接。本发明结构简单，传动合理，既具有自紧功能，又可有效地限制其产生的自动夹紧力，装卸方便、省力，使用安全，不会因振动或冲击使钻具松动，工作可靠，适用于各种钻具的装夹。

Description

自紧钻夹头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钻具夹紧装置，具体地说是一种自紧钻夹头。
背景技术
我们知道，现有的手紧式钻夹头一般由钻体、夹爪、丝母、丝母套、轴承、轴承垫、前套、后套和挡盖等组成，后套、轴承垫分别过盈连接在钻体上，三个夹爪分别安装在钻体上的三个等分的斜孔内，丝母安装在钻体的丝母槽内，丝母与夹爪上的螺纹配合形成螺纹传动，丝母套与丝母过盈配合，丝母套外设有前套，前套内壁设有键，丝母套上设有键槽，前套与丝母套经键相连接。安装使用时，钻体与手电钻或钻床上的传动轴直接相连，驱动钻体带动三爪及夹持物转动。用手握住前套旋转，前套经丝母套带动丝母转动，丝母经螺纹带动夹爪在钻体上的斜孔内前后移动，从而使三爪张开或闭合，以达到松开或夹紧钻具的目的，上述钻夹头的不足是，结构复杂，工作时，由于振动或冲击，钻夹头易松动，严重影响工作效率，安全性差。本申请人在中国曾提出一“自紧式钻夹头”专利申请，申请号为00257070.X。其通过钻铣加工产生的阻力矩，使钻夹头在初始夹紧力矩基础上产生附加的夹紧力矩，牢牢夹住工具柄，实现自紧。其不足是夹紧力缺少控制，以至于有时卸下工具困难。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种结构简单，传动合理，可限扭矩自动加力夹紧钻具，具有自紧功能，且装卸方便、省力，使用安全的自紧钻夹头。
本发明解决上述技术问题采用的技术方案是：一种自紧钻夹头，包括有钻体、夹爪、丝母、外套，三个夹爪分别安装在钻体中三个等分的斜孔内，丝母与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪啮合，钻体后端中心孔间隙配合安装一传动连接轴，传动连接轴上端外部连接有驱动套，外套与钻体前部固定连接，其特征在于钻体止推面和丝母之间设有一可转动的棘轮，棘轮和丝母之间设有滚动体，驱动套和一环形驱动件接合，环形驱动件与丝母固定连接，驱动套上设有若干个沿圆周分布的驱动键和环形连接槽，环形驱动件上沿圆周上设有若干个承力连接键和若干个弹性驱动爪，承力连接键设有连接部，弹性驱动爪的臂上设有凸起，环形驱动件上承力连接键的连接部与驱动套上的环形连接槽接合，限制环形驱动件和驱动套之间的轴向相对运动，并且弹性驱动爪与可转动的棘轮啮合以推动棘轮转动。
本发明由于采用上述结构，传动连接轴可与手电钻或钻床上的传动部件相连，传动动力。传动连接轴通过驱动套和环形驱动件与丝母连接，丝母与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪啮合，丝母传递到夹爪上的转矩，驱动钻体带动三爪及夹持物转动，同时起到自动加力夹紧钻具的作用。特别是钻体止推面和丝母之间设有一可转动的棘轮，棘轮和丝母之间设有滚动体，通过它们与环形驱动件的接合，实现有限度的增加自紧夹紧力，并可较容易地手动松开卸下自紧夹紧的钻头。其操作使用快捷、可靠、安全，具有结构合理，装配方便、工作可靠等优点，适用于各种钻具的装夹。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步描述：
图1是本发明结构示意图；
图2是图1的A-A向示意图；
图3是本发明的环形驱动件结构示意图；
图4是图3的俯视示意图；
图5是本发明的驱动套结构示意图。
具体实施方式
从图1、图2中可以看出，本发明一种自紧钻夹头，包括有钻体1、夹爪3、丝母2、传动连接轴4、驱动套5、外套8，三个夹爪3分别安装在钻体1中三个等分的斜孔内，丝母2与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪3啮合。丝母2外部设有外套8，其与钻体1前部过盈连接在一起或螺纹连接或粘接固定在一起。外套8前部可以设有若干台阶，并可根据需要安装用于将丝母轴向定位的挡环或金属锥壳体9。钻体1后端中心孔间隙配合安装传动连接轴4，其中间可以设有内螺纹或锥孔，用于和手电钻或钻床上的传动轴连接传动。传动连接轴4上端外部连接有驱动套5。本发明手电钻或钻床上相应的传动部件将动力传递到传动连接轴4上，继而通过驱动套5等传递给丝母2，丝母2与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪3啮合，通过丝母传递到夹爪上的转矩，驱动钻体带动三爪及夹持物转动，起到自动加力夹紧钻具的作用。
本发明的特点是钻体1的止推面和丝母2之间设有一可转动的棘轮6该棘轮可相对钻体和丝母运动，棘轮6和丝母2之间设有滚动体10，其可以是一轴承总成或固体减摩材料制成的垫片。驱动套5和一环形驱动件7接合，环形驱动件7与丝母2固定连接，也就是说丝母2通过驱动套5和环形驱动件7，由传动连接轴4带动转动。环形驱动件还起丝母套的作用。
从图3、图4中可见，本发明所述环形驱动件7上沿圆周上设有若干个承力连接键7-1和若干个弹性驱动爪7-3，弹性驱动爪7-3用于和棘轮6轮齿结合。弹性驱动爪7-3的臂上设有凸起7-4，承力连接键7-1上设有用于和驱动套5上的环形连接槽相连接的连接部7-2。本发明环形驱动件7与丝母2紧配合或键配合固定连接。环形驱动件7上端和和驱动套5连接，这样，可以将驱动套5的转矩传递到环形驱动件上，同时限制驱动套和环形驱动件轴向相对运动。
从图5中可见本发明所述驱动套5上设有若干个沿圆周分布的驱动键5-1和环形连接槽5-2。承力连接键7-1上的连接部7-2与环形连接槽5-2接合。
本发明工作过程是这样的：将传动连接轴4和手电钻或钻床上的传动部件连接固定，钻具放入钻体1夹爪3之间。两手分别把握驱动套5和前套8，使它们发生相对转动，接下来产生的夹紧过程分两个阶段。第一阶段是：驱动套5的驱动键5-1接触环形驱动件7上的弹性驱动爪7-3臂上的凸起7-4，推动环形驱动件7及与其连接在一起的丝母2转动，丝母与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪啮合，丝母传递到夹爪上的转矩，驱动钻体带动三爪及夹持物转动。夹住工具柄后继续转动时，丝母2通过滚动体10将夹紧力转化到丝母上的轴向力传递到钻体1止推面上，实现对工具的夹紧。上述夹紧过程的操作方式和产生的夹紧力与现有的手紧式钻夹头相似。夹紧的第二阶段是：完成第一阶段的夹紧过程后，进行钻、铣等加工作业时，当所受的阻力大于弹性驱动爪臂上的凸起所能承受的力时，弹性驱动爪7-3将产生变形，驱动套5的驱动键5-1压住并越过弹性驱动爪臂上的凸起，直到与环形驱动件的承力连接键7-1接触，这时弹性驱动爪的爪尖与棘轮6的轮齿啮合，棘轮与环形驱动件和丝母一体转动，此后，当所受的加工阻力继续增加时，驱动力矩由驱动套5经过驱动键5-1与环形驱动件的承力连接键7-1接触，棘轮与环形驱动件和丝母同驱动套一起相对钻体转动，丝母2通过螺纹啮合驱动夹爪3将更大的夹紧力施加到工具柄上，实现自紧。棘轮6和丝母2之间的滚动体10此时也不起减少摩擦阻力的作用。增加的驱动力矩要通过棘轮6克服其与钻体止推面之间的滑动摩擦力才能转变为夹紧力。这样，即使加工阻力矩很大，因摩擦阻力较大，自紧的夹紧力也可得到有效的限制。松开卸下时，因滚动摩擦阻力远比滑动摩擦小，所以滚动体先起作用。只要克服滚动摩擦阻力即可松开夹紧。由于滚动摩擦力仅是同样受力条件下滑动摩擦力的几分之一至几十分之一，因此可较容易地手动松开卸下被夹紧的钻头。
本发明结构简单，传动合理，既具有自紧功能，又可有效地限制其产生的自动夹紧力，装卸方便、省力，使用安全，不会因振动或冲击使钻具松动，工作可靠，适用于各种钻具的装夹。

Claims (3)

1、一种自紧钻夹头，包括有钻体、夹爪、丝母、外套，三个夹爪分别安装在钻体中三个等分的斜孔内，丝母与安装在钻体斜孔中的夹爪啮合，钻体后端中心孔间隙配合安装一传动连接轴，传动连接轴上端外部连接有驱动套，外套与钻体前部固定连接，其特征在于钻体止推面和丝母之间设有一可转动的棘轮，棘轮和丝母之间设有滚动体，驱动套和一环形驱动件接合，环形驱动件与丝母固定连接，驱动套上设有若干个沿圆周分布的驱动键和环形连接槽，环形驱动件上沿圆周上设有若干个承力连接键和若干个弹性驱动爪，承力连接键设有连接部，弹性驱动爪的臂上设有凸起，环形驱动件上承力连接键的连接部与驱动套上的环形连接槽接合，限制环形驱动件和驱动套之间的轴向相对运动，并且弹性驱动爪与可转动的棘轮啮合以推动棘轮转动。
2、如权利要求1所述的自紧钻夹头，其特征在于所说的外套前部设有金属锥壳体。
3、如权利要求1所述的自紧钻夹头，其特征在于所说的滚动体是一轴承总成。
CN01115015.7A 2001-06-10 2001-06-10 自紧钻夹头 Expired - Fee Related CN1220569C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN01115015.7A CN1220569C (zh) 2001-06-10 2001-06-10 自紧钻夹头
DE10296918T DE10296918T5 (de) 2001-06-10 2002-06-06 Einspannfutter
US10/480,358 US7296803B2 (en) 2001-06-10 2002-06-06 Chuck
PCT/CN2002/000399 WO2002100584A1 (fr) 2001-06-10 2002-06-06 Mandrin

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CN01115015.7A CN1220569C (zh) 2001-06-10 2001-06-10 自紧钻夹头

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CN1390668A CN1390668A (zh) 2003-01-15
CN1220569C true CN1220569C (zh) 2005-09-28

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US20040217558A1 (en) 2004-11-04
US7296803B2 (en) 2007-11-20
WO2002100584A9 (fr) 2003-02-27
WO2002100584A1 (fr) 2002-12-19
CN1390668A (zh) 2003-01-15

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