CN1213703A - Pure gold and its prepn. method - Google Patents
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- CN1213703A CN1213703A CN 98121614 CN98121614A CN1213703A CN 1213703 A CN1213703 A CN 1213703A CN 98121614 CN98121614 CN 98121614 CN 98121614 A CN98121614 A CN 98121614A CN 1213703 A CN1213703 A CN 1213703A
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000416536 Euproctis pseudoconspersa Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001304 sample melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种足金及其制备方法,该足金成分重量百分比中Au≥99.0%,0.1< Ti≤1.0%或0.1%< Ti≤0.95再加0.05—0.15%的Y。该足金在氩气保护下于1300℃—1700℃熔炼,再依次于650℃—840℃进行固溶处理、塑性加工,最后在低于350℃进行0.5—15小时时效处理。所述足金高硬度、高强度,HV可达1.50GPa,σb≥0.500GPa并且具有同纯金相同的高质量外观与色调。A pure gold and a preparation method thereof, wherein the weight percentage of the pure gold is Au≥99.0%, 0.1<Ti≤1.0% or 0.1%<Ti≤0.95 plus 0.05-0.15% of Y. The pure gold is smelted at 1300°C-1700°C under the protection of argon, followed by solid solution treatment and plastic processing at 650°C-840°C, and finally aging treatment at a temperature lower than 350°C for 0.5-15 hours. The pure gold has high hardness and high strength, HV can reach 1.50GPa, σ b ≥ 0.500GPa, and has the same high-quality appearance and color tone as pure gold.
Description
本发明涉及一种足金及其制备方法。The invention relates to pure gold and a preparation method thereof.
纯金色泽美观、耐腐蚀，但是强度和硬度很低，在60％的塑性变形下维氏硬度HV0.588GPa、抗拉强度σb0.230GPa、退火状态下则分别为HV0.245-0.265GPa、σb0.120 GPa。由其制成的装饰品和首饰等在制造和使用中易受到磨损、变形、弯折甚至断裂。因此，通常加入Ag、Co、Cu等元素，制成18K、14K金合金，以改善其性能，但这些金合金含金量降低，导致外观以及价值的下降。申请号97116159.3，公开号CN1179475A的中国专利申请“金合金及其制备方法”提供了一种足金及其制造方法，该足金按重量计的成分是：至少0.06％Co，至少0.03％Ge，余量为至少99％或者99.9％Au和偶然杂质。其制备方法是：首先通过熔炼提供符合前述成份要求的足金锭，然后在300℃～500℃的温度下进行10～60分钟的时效处理；或者在至少700℃的温度下固溶热处理之后，再进行时效处理以提高足金硬度。但是这种足金的硬度仍然较低，维氏硬度在1.47GPa以下，并且没有提到抗拉强度是否得到了改善。Pure gold is beautiful and corrosion-resistant, but its strength and hardness are very low. Under 60% plastic deformation, the Vickers hardness HV0.588GPa, the tensile strength σ b 0.230GPa, and the annealed state are respectively HV0.245-0.265GPa, σ b 0.120 GPa. The decorations and jewelry made of it are easy to be worn, deformed, bent or even broken during manufacture and use. Therefore, Ag, Co, Cu and other elements are usually added to make 18K and 14K gold alloys to improve their performance, but the gold content of these gold alloys is reduced, resulting in a decline in appearance and value. Application number 97116159.3, Chinese patent application "gold alloy and its preparation method" with publication number CN1179475A provides a kind of pure gold and its manufacturing method, the composition of the pure gold is: at least 0.06% Co, at least 0.03% Ge, The balance is at least 99% or 99.9% Au and incidental impurities. The preparation method is as follows: firstly provide pure gold ingots meeting the aforementioned composition requirements by smelting, and then perform aging treatment at a temperature of 300°C to 500°C for 10 to 60 minutes; or after solution heat treatment at a temperature of at least 700°C, Aging treatment is then carried out to improve the hardness of pure gold. But the hardness of this kind of pure gold is still low, the Vickers hardness is below 1.47GPa, and there is no mention of whether the tensile strength has been improved.
本发明的目的是提供一种抗拉强度σb≥0.500GPa、维氏硬度HV1.37～1.76GPa的高性能足金材料，同时改善耐磨性与抗弯折变形的能力，实现这一目的的足金材料，在组成成份中加入少量Ti或Y。本发明的另一目的是提供制备上述高性能足金的方法，其特点是对符合所需足金成分要求的铸锭进行低温形变热处理，以提高和改善其性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance solid gold material with a tensile strength σb ≥ 0.500GPa and a Vickers hardness HV1.37-1.76GPa, while improving wear resistance and bending deformation resistance to achieve this purpose Pure gold material, adding a small amount of Ti or Y to the composition. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-performance pure gold, which is characterized in that low-temperature deformation heat treatment is performed on an ingot that meets the requirements of the required pure gold composition, so as to improve and improve its performance.
实现本发明目的的这种足金，其成份重量百分比为：Au≥99.0％，0.1％＜Ti≤1.0％。The solid gold for realizing the object of the present invention has the composition weight percentages: Au≥99.0%, 0.1%<Ti≤1.0%.
这种足金，也可以在其成份重量百分比中：This pure gold can also be in its composition weight percentage:
Au≥99.0％、0.1％＜Ti≤0.95％、0.05％≤Y≤0.15％。Au≥99.0%, 0.1%<Ti≤0.95%, 0.05%≤Y≤0.15%.
上述足金，可依次经过固溶处理、塑性加工和时效处理。The above-mentioned solid gold can be sequentially subjected to solution treatment, plastic processing and aging treatment.
制备上述足金的方法是：通过熔炼形成符合上述足金成份重量百分比的铸锭，然后进行低温形变热处理，其中：The method for preparing the above-mentioned pure gold is: forming an ingot conforming to the weight percentage of the above-mentioned pure gold by smelting, and then performing low-temperature deformation heat treatment, wherein:
(1)熔炼过程在氩气保护下进行；(1) The melting process is carried out under the protection of argon;
(2)所述低温形变热处理步骤依次为：对铸锭进行固溶处理、(2) The low temperature deformation heat treatment steps are followed by: carrying out solid solution treatment to the ingot,
塑性加工，再进行时效处理。Plastic processing followed by aging treatment.
在这种制备足金的方法中，可以限定：In this method of preparing solid gold, you can define:
熔炼过程所用氩气纯度≥99.99％、压力0.04-0.06MPa，熔炼温度1300℃-1700℃，The purity of argon used in the melting process is ≥99.99%, the pressure is 0.04-0.06MPa, and the melting temperature is 1300°C-1700°C.
固溶处理温度650℃-840℃，Solution treatment temperature 650°C-840°C,
时效处理温度≤350℃、时间为0.5-15小时。The aging treatment temperature is ≤350°C and the time is 0.5-15 hours.
上述方法，还可以进一步要求：The above method can further require:
熔炼在中频感应炉中进行、温度1500℃-1650℃，Melting is carried out in an intermediate frequency induction furnace at a temperature of 1500°C-1650°C.
固溶处理温度700℃-800℃，Solution treatment temperature 700°C-800°C,
塑性加工过程含有退火工序，The plastic working process contains an annealing process,
时效处理温度160℃-320℃，时间0.5-10小时。The aging treatment temperature is 160°C-320°C, and the time is 0.5-10 hours.
本发明的足金在制造和使用过程中，具有良好的抗损伤能力，其抗拉强度σb≥0.500GPa、维氏硬度HV可达到1.5GPa，焊接性能优良，可以增加足金装饰品、首饰款式设计的自由度，并且足金的颜色丝毫不逊于纯金、外观质量还强于纯金。The pure gold of the present invention has good damage resistance in the process of manufacture and use, its tensile strength σ b ≥ 0.500GPa, Vickers hardness HV can reach 1.5GPa, excellent welding performance, and can increase pure gold decorations and jewelry The freedom of style design, and the color of pure gold is not inferior to pure gold, and the appearance quality is better than pure gold.
以下结合实施例进一步说明本发明的技术效果。The technical effects of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the examples.
为了控制足金的成分在规定范围之内，选用纯度在99.9％以上的原料Au、Ti、Y。Ti和Y是极其活泼的元素，在大气下加热易氧化，因此在熔炼前将中频感应炉反复抽真空三次或三次以上；为了抑制合金溶液的高温挥发与氧化，在氩气保护下熔炼。表1为三种试样的成分重量百分比。In order to control the composition of pure gold within the specified range, the raw materials Au, Ti, and Y with a purity of more than 99.9% are selected. Ti and Y are extremely active elements, which are easily oxidized when heated in the atmosphere. Therefore, the intermediate frequency induction furnace is repeatedly evacuated three times or more before smelting; in order to inhibit the high-temperature volatilization and oxidation of the alloy solution, smelting is carried out under the protection of argon. Table 1 shows the composition weight percentages of the three samples.
足金需经过铸造与冷加工，才能制成各种型材。固溶处理后塑性加工时，希望足金具有良好的塑性，易于承受塑性变形；但是，由于变形过程中变形抗力的升高和塑性的下降，往往使继续变形、加工成所需形状与尺寸的半成品发生困难，因而可以在塑性变形过程中，增加退火工序，以消除加工硬化对继续塑性变形的影响。为了提高成品的力学性能，应增大最后一次塑性加工时的总变形率。见表二和表三。Pure gold needs to be cast and cold worked before it can be made into various profiles. When plastic processing after solution treatment, it is hoped that the pure gold has good plasticity and is easy to withstand plastic deformation; however, due to the increase in deformation resistance and the decrease in plasticity during the deformation process, it is often difficult to continue to deform and process it into the desired shape and size. Semi-finished products are difficult to produce, so the annealing process can be added during the plastic deformation process to eliminate the influence of work hardening on continued plastic deformation. In order to improve the mechanical properties of the finished product, the total deformation rate during the last plastic processing should be increased. See Tables 2 and 3.
制成成品使用时，则希望它具有足够高的强度、硬度，耐磨损、不易变形、弯折与断裂。然而加工硬化效果是有限的，而且变形组织存在各向异性，因而材料力学性能与耐蚀性等存在各向异性。为进一步提高足金的综合性能，在塑性加工后，进行低温时效处理。三种试样经时效处理不同时间的强度与硬度分别见表4、表5、表6。When it is used as a finished product, it is hoped that it has sufficiently high strength, hardness, wear resistance, and is not easy to deform, bend and break. However, the effect of work hardening is limited, and there is anisotropy in the deformed structure, so there is anisotropy in the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the material. In order to further improve the comprehensive performance of pure gold, low temperature aging treatment is carried out after plastic processing. The strength and hardness of the three samples after aging treatment at different times are shown in Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6, respectively.
表101#、02#、03#足金成分重量百分比(％)试样 Au Ti Y 元素(杂质)01# 99.03 0.96 0.0102# 99.08 0.81 0.096 0.01403# 99.02 0.87 0.100 0.01Table 101 # , 02 # , 03 # pure gold composition weight percentage (%) sample Au Ti Y element (impurity) 01 # 99.03 0.96 0.0102 # 99.08 0.81 0.096 0.01403 # 99.02 0.87 0.100 0.01
表201#、02#、03#足金制备工艺(一)试样 熔炼温度 氩气压力 固溶处理温度 固定处理时间01# 1600℃ 0.06MPa 800℃ 30分02# 1600℃ 0.06MPa 650℃ 30分03# 1500℃ 0.04MPa 810℃ 30分Table 201#, 02#, 03# pure gold preparation process (1) sample melting temperature argon pressure solution treatment temperature fixed treatment time 03 # 1500℃ 0.04MPa 810℃ 30 minutes
表301#、02#、03#足金制备工艺(二)Table 301#, 02#, 03# pure gold preparation process (2)
塑性加工 塑性加工过程 最后一次塑性试样 次 数 退火次数 加工总变形率01# 10 9(800℃) 85％02# 10 9(800℃) 85％03# 8 7(810℃) 90％Plastic processing Plastic processing process The last plastic sample times Number of annealing Total processing deformation rate
表401#足金在260℃时效处理不同时间后的力学性能时间/小时 0 2 7 10HV/GPa 1.140 1.543 1.507 1.301σb/GPa 0.503 0.679 0.665 0.661Table 401# The mechanical properties of pure gold after aging treatment at 260°C for different times Time/hour 0 2 7 10HV/GPa 1.140 1.543 1.507 1.301σ b /GPa 0.503 0.679 0.665 0.661
表502#足金在260℃时效处理不同时间后的力学性能时间/小时 0 2 7 10HV/GPa 1.034 1.200 1.613 1.043σb/GPa 0.498 0.539 0.548 0.548 Table 502# The mechanical properties of pure gold after aging treatment at 260℃ for different time
表603#足金在260℃时效处理不同时间后的力学性能时间/小时 0 2 7 10HV/GPa 1.070 1.430 1.622 1.276σb/GPa 0.510 0.567 0.564 0.565Table 603#The mechanical properties of pure gold after aging treatment at 260℃ for different time
Claims (6)
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| CN98121614A CN1093566C (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Pure gold and its prepn. method |
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| CN98121614A CN1093566C (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Pure gold and its prepn. method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103820671A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-05-28 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | High-hardness pure gold material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105929668A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 尊尚（深圳）穿金戴银技术股份有限公司 | Pure gold watchcase, manufacturing method thereof and dial plate comprising pure gold watchcase |
| CN111992731A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-11-27 | 西安工程大学 | A method for preparing hard pure gold by powder metallurgy |
| CN113621841A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-09 | 广东顺德周大福珠宝制造有限公司 | Purple alloy and preparation method and ornament thereof |
| CN115044798A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of Au-Ag-Cu-Ni-based alloy with improved hardness |
| CN115109962A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-hardness gold-based alloy material for collector ring and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1078259C (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 2002-01-23 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Gold alloy and manufacturing method therefor |
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1998
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103820671A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-05-28 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | High-hardness pure gold material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103820671B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-06-15 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | A kind of high rigidity pure gold material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105929668A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 尊尚（深圳）穿金戴银技术股份有限公司 | Pure gold watchcase, manufacturing method thereof and dial plate comprising pure gold watchcase |
| CN105929668B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-02-16 | 尊尚（深圳）穿金戴银技术股份有限公司 | Pure gold watchcase, manufacturing method thereof and watch comprising pure gold watchcase |
| CN111992731A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-11-27 | 西安工程大学 | A method for preparing hard pure gold by powder metallurgy |
| CN113621841A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-09 | 广东顺德周大福珠宝制造有限公司 | Purple alloy and preparation method and ornament thereof |
| CN115044798A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of Au-Ag-Cu-Ni-based alloy with improved hardness |
| CN115109962A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-hardness gold-based alloy material for collector ring and preparation method thereof |
| CN115109962B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-10-13 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-hardness gold-based alloy material for bus ring and preparation method thereof |
| CN115044798B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-10-13 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of Au-Ag-Cu-Ni-based alloy with improved hardness |
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