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CN1198125C - Automobile multi-working-condition simulation loading method on chassis dynamometer - Google Patents

Automobile multi-working-condition simulation loading method on chassis dynamometer Download PDF

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CN1198125C
CN1198125C CN 02152399 CN02152399A CN1198125C CN 1198125 C CN1198125 C CN 1198125C CN 02152399 CN02152399 CN 02152399 CN 02152399 A CN02152399 A CN 02152399A CN 1198125 C CN1198125 C CN 1198125C
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vehicle
loading
speed
chassis dynamometer
resistance
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CN1441237A (en
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吴明
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Abstract

底盘测功机上汽车多工况模拟加载方法，通过试验得到各车型系列和底盘测功机的惯量、阻力、车轮滚筒当量阻力系数以及车辆行驶风阻、滚动阻力等技术参数，通过在涡流机各个稳定温度状态下，对各恒电流在各车速点进行标定，得到温度、车速、加载力、励磁电流或对应的控制参数四者之间的对应关系，并输入计算机。输入所检车辆的车型系列和轴重等，根据涡流机温度，计算机可得到各加载车速点的涡流机加载力以及励磁电流值或对应的控制参数值。在怠速和减速两工况，励磁电流为零，在匀速工况，需按Fb进行反馈控制，以多点车速瞬态加载来模拟车辆加速工况的负荷。The multi-condition simulation loading method of automobiles on chassis dynamometer is to obtain the inertia, resistance, wheel roller equivalent resistance coefficient, vehicle driving wind resistance, rolling resistance and other technical parameters of each vehicle model series and chassis dynamometer through experiments. By calibrating each constant current at each vehicle speed point under each stable temperature state of the eddy current machine, the corresponding relationship between temperature, vehicle speed, loading force, excitation current or corresponding control parameters is obtained and input into the computer. The vehicle model series and axle weight of the vehicle to be inspected are input. According to the eddy current machine temperature, the computer can obtain the eddy current machine loading force and excitation current value or corresponding control parameter value at each loading speed point. In the idling and deceleration conditions, the excitation current is zero. In the uniform speed condition, feedback control is required according to Fb, and multi-point vehicle speed transient loading is used to simulate the load of the vehicle acceleration condition.

Description

The chassis dynamometer multi-state simulation loading method of getting on the car
Technical field
The chassis dynamometer multi-state simulation loading method of getting on the car is, automobile on chassis dynamometer, simulate the idling, acceleration of road examination, at the uniform velocity, during the operation of deceleration multi-state, the turbine loading method.Belong to automotive performance detection method technical field.
Background technology
At present China does not still have the give it the gun simulation loading method of transient condition of automobile on chassis dynamometer, the chassis dynamometer multi-state simulation loading method of getting on the car will overcome existing deficiency, this method is applicable to that mainly the pollutant emission of automobile transient condition detects, and also is suitable for pollutant emission detection of ASM operating condition method and vehicle fuel economy and detects.
The chassis dynamometer that the simulated automotive multi-state travels has two kinds of patterns usually, and a kind of is that the chassis dynamometer elementary inertia adds automatically controlled loading simulation inertia, simple in structure; Another kind is the full inertia chassis dynamometer that adopts the inertial flywheel group, but the full inertia of approximate simulation automobile, complex structure; Because wheel is not equal to wheel cylinder resistance and chassis dynamometer self resistance sum in the travel resistance to rolling and the windage sum on road surface, so, even full inertia chassis dynamometer also needs transient simulation to load.
Summary of the invention
The pollutant emission of gasoline car transient condition detects, and is gasoline car in the idling of regulation, acceleration, at the uniform velocity, discharge detection under the deceleration multi-state.Idling operation is generally automobile neutral gear or holdback clutch, and the speed of a motor vehicle is zero, and the idling operation turbine is loaded as zero.The decelerating mode standard has two kinds of situations, if the retarded velocity of vehicle less than the retarded velocity of operating mode regulation, allows to use the vehicle braked device, so that the operating mode time according to the rules carries out; If the retarded velocity of vehicle is greater than the retarded velocity of operating mode regulation, deceleration time is shorter than operating mode official hour, then can return to the theoretical circulation official hour in the time in next constant speed or idling operation, and therefore, it also is zero that the decelerating mode turbine loads.At the uniform velocity the loading of operating mode is a stable state, needs the control of feedback constant force, and the loading of accelerating mode is a transient changing, need not FEEDBACK CONTROL, and at the uniform velocity operating mode and accelerating mode simulation loading method are as follows on the chassis dynamometer:
1, vehicle ' accelerating mode output drive strength F t, equal the windage resistance F of vehicle ' 1, wheel is at the resistance to rolling F that travels on ground 2, vehicle inertia acceleration resistance F 3Three's sum, i.e. F t=F 1+ F 2+ F 3
A, F 1Relevant with vehicle series, can be by formula F 1=CaAV 2/ 21.15 (N) calculate.
The Ca-coefficient of air resistance, A-front face area m 2, V-speed of a motor vehicle km/h
Same vehicle series CaA approximately equal can make K 1=CaA/21.15 is constant F 1=K 1V 2, the input computing machine.
B, F 2Relevant with the vehicle Reference mass, can obtain the coefficient of rolling resistance of each speed of a motor vehicle point of each vehicle series by test,
For example: according to relevant test: car F 2=0.014mg (1+V 2/ 19440) (N),
Lorry F 2=mg (0.0076+0.000056V) (N) imports computing machine.
M-vehicle Reference mass kg, g-acceleration of gravity 9.8m/S 2V-speed of a motor vehicle km/h
C, F 3Be and the Reference mass of vehicle, rotation equivalent inertia and operating mode regulation acceleration have relation,
F 3＝(m+m 1)a 1 (N)
m 1The equivalent inertia kg of-vehicle revolving part
a 1The acceleration m/S of-operating mode regulation 2
2, the driving force F of automobile accelerating mode on chassis dynamometer D
The driving force F of automobile accelerating mode on chassis dynamometer D, be chassis dynamometer self resistance F c, wheel cylinder frictional resistance F f, automobile power-transmission system and chassis dynamometer equivalent inertia acceleration resistance Fa three sum, F D=Fc+F f+ Fa adopts free and loads twice coastdown or twice coastdown of increase and decrease inertia, can obtain the inertia of system under the various states, and the resistance of each speed of a motor vehicle point and loss power can obtain the equivalent inertia m of chassis dynamometer self 2, the revolving part equivalent inertia m of each vehicle series power train 3, and each vehicle series demarcates by the art skating of chassis dynamometer at the equivalent resistance coefficient of each speed of a motor vehicle point wheel cylinder, can get the instantaneous retarded velocity of each speed of a motor vehicle point of system, thereby obtain the F of each speed of a motor vehicle point c,, can obtain the F of each speed of a motor vehicle point by vehicle series and driving shaft axle weight, the tire specification etc. of input institute inspection vehicle f
Fa＝(m 2+m 3)a 1
m 2The equivalent inertia kg of-chassis dynamometer self
m 3The revolving part equivalent inertia kg of-automobile power-transmission system
3, turbine loading force F bDetermine
F b＝F t-F D＝F 1+F 2+F 3-Fc-F f-Fa＝F 1+F 2-Fc-F f+(m-m 2)a 1+(m 1-m 3)a 1
The equivalent inertia that makes non-drive wheels is m 4, m then 4=m 1-m 3
Adopt free and twice coastdown of loading or twice coastdown of increase and decrease inertia, can obtain the m of non-driving wheel (front-wheel) 4, and the wheel cylinder equivalent resistance coefficient of f-w-d vehicle, the input computing machine can be determined m by tire specification 4, also can determine m by vehicle series 4
Vehicle series, complete vehicle quality and driving shaft quality etc. by input institute inspection vehicle.As carry out the accelerating mode simulation loading, by formula F b=F 1+ F 2+ (m+m 4-m 2) a 1-F c-F f, can obtain the F of each speed of a motor vehicle point b, the speed of a motor vehicle changes, F bAlso change.If carrying out at the uniform velocity, Work condition analogue loads a 1=0, F then b=F 1+ F 2-Fc-F fIf, carry out fuel consumption per hundred kilometers and detect at the uniform velocity simulation loading, at this moment, F 2In m be the complete vehicle quality kg of vehicle full load, the speed of a motor vehicle is constant, then F bAlso constant.As carry out gasoline car ASM Work condition analogue and load waste gas and detect, F then b=[F 1+ F 2+ (m+m 1) * a 1] λ-Fc-F fThe number percent of λ-operating mode regulation power.
4, the demarcation of turbine loading force
After making turbine reach the temperature of regulation earlier, the record temperature, respectively under each equilibrium temperature state of turbine, whole inertial flywheels in conjunction with the top bottom-disc dynamometer machine, drive chassis dynamometer to max. speed with automobile, at every turn with Δ I as exciting current increment continuous current control loaded, adjust throttle, the loading force of each speed of a motor vehicle point when measuring continuous current when low speed (but change down), thereby can determine the corresponding relation between temperature, the speed of a motor vehicle, loading force, the electric current (or corresponding controlled variable) four, and input computing machine.During detection, measure the turbine temperature earlier, then according to the speed of a motor vehicle and corresponding F b, computing machine is determined the loading current value (or corresponding control parameter value) of institute's each speed of a motor vehicle point of inspection vehicle automatically.
Embodiment
Vehicle series and each axle of the institute of input earlier inspection vehicle heavily wait, and computing machine calculates the F that respectively loads speed of a motor vehicle point automatically b, according to the turbine temperature, can determine the loading current value (or corresponding controlled variable) of each speed of a motor vehicle point, at idling and decelerating mode, the turbine exciting current is zero.In operating mode at the uniform velocity, need press F bCarry out the constant force FEEDBACK CONTROL.Come the load of simulating vehicle accelerating mode with multiple spot speed of a motor vehicle transient state Loading Method, with every 0.5km/h or 1km/h as loading speed of a motor vehicle point, because exciting current lags behind, so, about the instantaneous speed of a motor vehicle of survey is less than loading speed of a motor vehicle point 0.4km/h, can shift to an earlier date variable load, need not to carry out the constant force FEEDBACK CONTROL.
The chassis dynamometer multi-state simulation loading method of getting on the car, applicable to the pollutant emission of automobile transient condition detect, the pollutant emission detection of ASM operating condition method and vehicle fuel economy detect.Its outstanding feature is that simple in structure, simulation loading is accurate, and is easy to operate, quick.

Claims (4)

1、底盘测功机上汽车多工况模拟加载方法，是汽车在底盘测功机上模拟路试的怠速、加速、匀速、减速多工况运行时，涡流机加载方法，其特征是：具体模拟加载方法步骤如下：(1)先确定车辆行驶加速工况输出驱动力Ft，它等于车辆行驶的风阻力F1、车轮在地面的行驶滚动阻力F2、车辆的惯性加速阻力F3三者之和，Ft＝F1+F2+F3，把同一车型系列F1＝K1V2输入计算机，各车型系列的F2是车辆基准质量和车速的函数，把F2的函数式输入计算机，F3与车辆的基准质量m、旋转当量惯量m1、工况规定的加速度a1有关，F3＝(m+m1)a1；(2)确定汽车在底盘测功机上加速工况的驱动力FD，它等于底盘测功机自身阻力Fc、车轮滚筒摩擦阻力Ff、汽车动力传动系和底盘测功机当量惯量的加速阻力Fa三者之和，FD＝Fc+Ff+Fa，采用自由和加载两次滑行法或者增减惯量两次滑行法，可得到各种状态下系统的惯量、各车速点的阻力和损耗功率，可得底盘测功机自身阻力Fc和当量惯量m2，各车型系列动力传动系的旋转件当量惯量m3，以及各车型系列在各车速点车轮滚筒当量阻力系数，通过输入所检车辆车型系列、驱动轴轴重、轮胎参数，可得Ff和Fa＝(m2+m3)a1；(3)如进行加速工况模拟加载，可得涡流机各车速点的加载力，Fb＝F1+F2+(m+m4-m2)a1-Fc-Ff，车速变化，Fb也变化，采用自由和加载两次滑行法或者增减惯量两次滑行法，可得到非驱动车轮的当量惯量m4；(4)涡流机加载力的标定，先使涡流机达到规定的温度后，记录温度，分别在涡流机各个稳定温度状态下，结合上底盘测功机的全部惯性飞轮，用汽车驱动底盘测功机至最高车速后，每次以ΔI作为励磁电流增量恒电流控制加载，调整油门和档位，测出恒电流时各车速点的加载力，从而可确定温度、车速、加载力、电流或对应的控制参数四者之间的对应关系，并输入计算机；(5)检测时，先测定涡流机温度，然后根据车速和相应的Fb，计算机自动确定所检车辆各车速点的加载电流值或对应的控制参数值，以多点车速瞬态加载法来模拟车辆加速工况的负荷，以每0.5km/h或1km/h作为加载车速点，由于励磁电流滞后，所以，当所测瞬时车速小于加载车速点0.4km/h左右，即可提前变载，无需进行恒力反馈控制。1. The multi-working-condition simulation loading method of the car on the chassis dynamometer is a loading method of the eddy current machine when the car is running on the chassis dynamometer to simulate the idling, acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration multi-working conditions of the road test. Its characteristics are: specific simulation loading The steps of the method are as follows: (1) First determine the output driving force F t under the acceleration condition of the vehicle, which is equal to the wind resistance F 1 of the vehicle, the rolling resistance F 2 of the wheels on the ground, and the inertial acceleration resistance F 3 of the vehicle and, F t =F 1 +F 2 +F 3 , input the same model series F 1 =K 1 V 2 into the computer, F 2 of each model series is a function of vehicle reference mass and vehicle speed, input the functional formula of F 2 Computer, F 3 is related to the reference mass m of the vehicle, the equivalent rotational inertia m 1 , and the acceleration a 1 specified in the working condition, F 3 =(m+m 1 )a 1 ; (2) determine the acceleration work of the vehicle on the chassis dynamometer It is equal to the sum of the chassis dynamometer’s own resistance Fc, the wheel roller friction resistance Ff , the acceleration resistance Fa of the vehicle’s power train and the chassis dynamometer’s equivalent inertia, F D = Fc+F f +Fa, using the free and loaded sliding method twice or the increasing and decreasing inertia sliding method twice, the inertia of the system under various states, the resistance and power loss at each speed point can be obtained, and the chassis dynamometer's own resistance Fc and The equivalent inertia m 2 , the equivalent inertia m 3 of the rotating parts of the power transmission system of each model series, and the equivalent resistance coefficient of the wheel rollers at each speed point of each model series can be obtained by inputting the vehicle model series, drive axle weight and tire parameters of the inspected vehicle. Obtain F f and Fa=(m 2 +m 3 )a 1 ; (3) If the acceleration condition is simulated and loaded, the loading force at each speed point of the vortex machine can be obtained, F b ＝F 1 +F 2 +(m+ m 4 -m 2 )a 1 -Fc-F f , when the vehicle speed changes, F b also changes, and the equivalent inertia m 4 of the non-driven wheels can be obtained by using the free and loaded two-time sliding method or the two-time sliding method of increasing and decreasing inertia; (4) For the calibration of the loading force of the vortex machine, first make the vortex machine reach the specified temperature, record the temperature, respectively, in each stable temperature state of the vortex machine, combined with all the inertial flywheels of the upper chassis dynamometer, use the car to drive the chassis dynamometer After the engine reaches the maximum speed, use ΔI as the excitation current increment for constant current control loading each time, adjust the accelerator and gear position, and measure the loading force at each speed point at constant current, so as to determine the temperature, vehicle speed, loading force, current or Corresponding relationship between the four corresponding control parameters, and input into the computer; (5) During detection, first measure the temperature of the eddy current machine, and then according to the vehicle speed and the corresponding F b , the computer automatically determines the loading current of each speed point of the vehicle under inspection value or the corresponding control parameter value, use the multi-point speed transient loading method to simulate the load of the vehicle acceleration condition, and take every 0.5km/h or 1km/h as the loading speed point, because the excitation current lags, so when the measured When the instantaneous vehicle speed is about 0.4km/h lower than the loading speed point, the load can be changed in advance without constant force feedback control. 2、按照权利要求1所述的底盘测功机上汽车多工况模拟加载方法，其特征在于：怠速工况通常为汽车空档或脱开离合器，车速为零，怠速工况涡流机加载为零，减速工况涡流机加载也为零。2. The multi-working-condition simulation loading method for a vehicle on a chassis dynamometer according to claim 1, wherein the idling condition is usually the vehicle in neutral or the clutch is disengaged, the vehicle speed is zero, and the vortex machine load is zero under the idling condition , the load of the vortex machine in the deceleration condition is also zero. 3、按照权利要求1所述的底盘测功机上汽车多工况模拟加载方法，其特征在于：如果进行匀速工况模拟加载，a1＝0，则Fb＝F1+F2-Fc-Ff，如果进行百公里油耗检测匀速模拟加载，此时，F2中的m为车辆满载时的整车质量，车速恒定，则Fb也恒定，在匀速工况，需按Fb进行恒力反馈控制。3. The method for simulating loading of a vehicle under multiple operating conditions on a chassis dynamometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: if a 1 = 0, then F b = F 1 + F 2 -Fc- F f , if the 100-kilometer fuel consumption test is performed at a constant speed and simulated loading, at this time, m in F 2 is the vehicle mass when the vehicle is fully loaded. If the vehicle speed is constant, then F b is also constant . Force feedback control. 4、按照权利要求1所述的底盘测功机上汽车多工况模拟加载方法，其特征在于：如果进行汽油车ASM工况法模拟加载废气检测，按ASM工况法定义，Fb＝[F1+F2+(m+m1)a1]λ-Fc-Ff，λ为ASM工况规定功率的百分比。4, according to the automobile multi-working condition simulation loading method on the chassis dynamometer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: if carry out gasoline vehicle ASM working condition method simulation loading waste gas detection, define by ASM working condition method, F b =[F 1 +F 2 +(m+m 1 )a 1 ]λ-Fc-F f , where λ is the percentage of the specified power in ASM working condition.
CN 02152399 2002-12-02 2002-12-02 Automobile multi-working-condition simulation loading method on chassis dynamometer Expired - Fee Related CN1198125C (en)

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Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100343648C (en) * 2004-08-28 2007-10-17 吴明 System testing method of multiple working condition loading of vehicle table amalog road test
CN101937005B (en) * 2010-06-10 2012-01-04 吴明 Method for detecting rated power vehicle speed of diesel vehicle
CN101839777B (en) * 2010-06-11 2011-11-30 中国汽车技术研究中心 Calibration method for parasitic friction resistance of electric dynamometer with isodromically-measured chassis
CN101893467A (en) * 2010-07-28 2010-11-24 康明斯东亚研发有限公司 Method for measuring fuel consumption of medium and heavy vehicles
CN102410900B (en) * 2010-09-20 2014-02-19 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Tyre rolling resistance testing method and chassis dynamometer
CN104764614B (en) * 2015-03-31 2017-04-19 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 Automobile driving mode emission testing method
CN106897533B (en) * 2017-03-08 2019-11-05 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 A kind of automobile resistance measurement method
CN109238740B (en) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-24 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 Comprehensive evaluation method for automobile sliding resistance based on whole automobile mass and volume
CN113281061B (en) * 2021-05-23 2023-06-27 朱卫萍 Verification method for detecting loading force of automobile under steady-state working condition

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