CN119667795A - Ground crack detection method - Google Patents
Ground crack detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119667795A CN119667795A CN202411907594.4A CN202411907594A CN119667795A CN 119667795 A CN119667795 A CN 119667795A CN 202411907594 A CN202411907594 A CN 202411907594A CN 119667795 A CN119667795 A CN 119667795A
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Abstract
The application discloses a ground crack detection method, which comprises the following steps of moving a detection device at a constant speed along the ground to obtain the deflection states of two transverse conductors, judging the specific position of an object to be detected according to the deflection states of the two transverse conductors. This anomaly is found by testing the change in induced electromotive voltage generated by the conductor cutting the magnetic lines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a method for detecting ground cracks.
Background
Traditional ground fracture detection mainly depends on drilling machine sampling and is judged by using a stratum comparison method. The theory of faults is actually introduced into the ground fissures. The error of the existing geophysical prospecting means is relatively large and is not accepted by people. The latest mode at present utilizes the ground penetrating radar, and through receiving and analyzing the electromagnetic wave signal that reflects, can clearly demonstrate the unusual response of crack on radar image, be convenient for to fix a position and morphological analysis to the crack, it is limited to detect the degree of depth based on present state of the art.
Underground cavities, especially cavities with a depth of more than 5 meters, have no effective and accurate detection method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for detecting a ground fracture.
The main technical scheme is as follows:
a detection method of ground cracks comprises the following steps:
the detection device moves at a uniform speed along the ground to obtain the deflection states of the two transverse conductors, and the specific position of the object to be detected is judged according to the deflection states of the two transverse conductors;
The detecting device comprises a transverse conductor, wherein one end of the transverse conductor is fixed on a screw cap, a conductor grab handle is arranged perpendicular to the transverse conductor, and the upper part of the conductor grab handle is rotationally connected with the screw cap;
The capacitive box is arranged on the transverse conductor, a capacitor is arranged in the capacitive box, and the input end and the output end of the capacitor are connected to the conductor grab handle and the transverse conductor through wires respectively, so that the detection sensitivity is enhanced.
Further, when the detection is performed, the left hand and the right hand of the human body are used for holding one detection device respectively, so that two transverse conductors in the detection device are in a parallel state, and the left hand and the right hand of the human body are used for holding one detection device respectively to form one electromagnetic induction conductor;
marking an initial detection position, then moving on the ground at a constant speed along the initial detection position, and recording a first deflected position when deflection occurs to the two detection devices;
and selecting a plurality of different positions at the first position by taking the first position as a reference, and respectively holding a detection device by using the left hand and the right hand of a human body to form an electromagnetic induction conductor to detect along the selected plurality of different positions so as to encircle the range of the ground crack.
Further, during detection, the first position of deflection is recorded when the two detection devices deflect on the ground at a constant speed, the first position of deflection is continuously moved at a constant speed until the state of deflection of the two detection devices disappears, any one second position when the deflection of the two detection devices disappears is recorded, then the second position is continuously moved at a constant speed until the deflection of the two detection devices occurs again, the third position is recorded, a connecting line between the first position, the second position and the third position is taken as the approximate diameter of a detected ground crack, the center of the connecting line is taken as a reference frame to define a detection circle with the distance of the connecting line as the radius, a plurality of detection points are selected on the detection circle, and an electromagnetic induction conductor is formed by respectively holding one detection device by the left hand and the right hand of a human body along the selection of a plurality of different detection points to detect, so as to circle the range of the ground crack.
Further, the wire arranged on the conductor grab handle is touched by a human hand to realize series connection with the body capacitance, so that the strength of the transverse conductor in cutting the magnetic induction wire is increased.
Further, when the detecting device moves at a constant speed perpendicular to the direction of the object to be detected, transverse conductors in the two detecting devices of the left hand and the right hand attract each other to form deflection when the edge position of the ground crack to be detected is detected.
Further, when the transverse conductors in the two detection devices of the left hand and the right hand attract each other to form a deflection, the position of a person and the deflection angle when the deflection is formed are recorded, and the specific position of the edge of the ground crack is obtained by recording the moving position of the person and the deflection angle.
Further, when a human hand holds the detection device, a left hand and a right hand of a human body are used for holding one detection device respectively to form an electromagnetic induction conductor, meanwhile, the human body is used as a body capacitor, and the capacitor and the human body are used as the body capacitor to realize series connection by touching a wire arranged on a conductor handle by the human hand, so that the strength of the transverse conductor in cutting the magnetic induction line is increased.
Further, when the ground fracture is detected, a horizontal section formed by the ground fracture is used as a detection interface.
Further, the transverse conductors and the conductor handles are made of copper materials.
The application utilizes the stability of natural geomagnetic field, magnetic resistance is generated due to the difference of magnetic permeability of various substances, so that magnetic overflow or convergence is generated on the ground surface, and the existence and distribution condition of ground cracks are determined by detecting geomagnetic anomaly. This anomaly is found by testing the change in induced electromotive voltage generated by the conductor cutting the magnetic lines.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1is a schematic diagram of a detecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a theoretical model of the earth fracture detection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a theoretical model of an improved earth fracture detection provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The earth magnetic field is uniformly distributed in a uniform stratum, the stratum has different magnetic permeability, when other substances are distributed in the stratum, the magnetic force lines overflow or are converged and changed due to the different magnetic permeability, so that the track is changed, the characteristics of induced electromotive force can be generated by cutting the magnetic force lines by utilizing a conductor, the induced electromotive force can be generated by a conductor or a coil moving at the overflow position of the magnetic force lines, and the abnormal position of the stratum under the ground can be determined by testing the abnormal condition of the induced electromotive force, so that the position and the spatial distribution condition of the ground cracks and the holes can be detected by taking the principle. Because the detection of geomagnetic anomaly is more interfered factors, and the magnetic field distribution has vector characteristics, the difficulty of measuring the magnetic anomaly by using a Gaussian meter is extremely high, the stability of signals interfered by an atmospheric magnetic field is poor, and the difficulty of testing the induced electromotive force generated by cutting magnetic lines is also high due to weak current. However, the magnetic lines of force cut by the conductor can generate positive and negative charge distribution at the two ends of the conductor, and the principle of attraction of the positive and negative charges can be utilized to capture magnetic abnormal signals. In order to strengthen the abnormal magnetic strength, the electromagnetic resonance frequency of air is adopted to emit excitation electromagnetic waves under the characteristic condition of stable distribution of the earth magnetic field, the abnormal magnetic force line strength is enhanced, abnormal points can be detected in a mechanical mode, and the electric field interference is avoided as much as possible.
The magnetic field induction conductor is formed by utilizing the magnetic sensitivity high permeability of the brass conductor and the capacitance characteristic of a human body, and positive and negative charges are generated at two ends of a copper wire by cutting magnetic force lines, so that the copper wire attracts to carry out detection work by the method.
The detection adopts a brass mechanical detection rod to detect the geomagnetic anomaly in the field, so that the interference of electromagnetic equipment is reduced as much as possible. After magnetic anomaly is found, an air resonance frequency electromagnetic wave is emitted by a low-frequency full-frequency electromagnetic wave emitter with low energy, the electromagnetic wave can reflect the electromagnetic wave outwards at the bottom end of a ground crack, the electromagnetic wave is diffused to the ground at a 45-degree reflection diffusion angle, magnetic force lines are overflowed integrally in a conical diffusion range, anomaly can occur at the edge, and induced voltage can be generated when a conductor moves at the position to cut the magnetic force lines. The depth and inclination of the ground fracture at this point can be calculated using two outliers perpendicular to the ground fracture strike and the ground fracture ground outlier (hidden).
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a method for detecting a ground fracture includes the steps of:
the detection device moves at a uniform speed along the ground to obtain the deflection states of the two transverse conductors, and the specific position of the object to be detected is judged according to the deflection states of the two transverse conductors;
The detection device comprises a transverse conductor 3, wherein one end of the transverse conductor 3 is fixed on a screw cap 4, a conductor grab handle 1 is arranged perpendicular to the transverse conductor 3, and the upper part of the conductor grab handle 1 is rotationally connected with the screw cap 4;
The capacitive box 2 is arranged on the transverse conductor 3, a capacitor is arranged in the capacitive box 2, and the input end and the output end of the capacitor are respectively connected to the conductor grab handle and the transverse conductor through wires so as to enhance the detection sensitivity.
Further, when the detection is performed, the left hand and the right hand of the human body are used for holding one detection device respectively, so that two transverse conductors in the detection device are in a parallel state, and the left hand and the right hand of the human body are used for holding one detection device respectively to form one electromagnetic induction conductor;
marking an initial detection position, then moving on the ground at a constant speed along the initial detection position, and recording a first deflected position when deflection occurs to the two detection devices;
and selecting a plurality of different positions at the first position by taking the first position as a reference, and respectively holding a detection device by using the left hand and the right hand of a human body to form an electromagnetic induction conductor to detect along the selected plurality of different positions so as to encircle the range of the ground crack.
Further, during detection, the first position of deflection is recorded when the two detection devices deflect on the ground at a constant speed, the first position of deflection is continuously moved at a constant speed until the state of deflection of the two detection devices disappears, any one second position when the deflection of the two detection devices disappears is recorded, then the second position is continuously moved at a constant speed until the deflection of the two detection devices occurs again, the third position is recorded, a connecting line between the first position, the second position and the third position is taken as the approximate diameter of a detected ground crack, the center of the connecting line is taken as a reference frame to define a detection circle with the distance of the connecting line as the radius, a plurality of detection points are selected on the detection circle, and an electromagnetic induction conductor is formed by respectively holding one detection device by the left hand and the right hand of a human body along the selection of a plurality of different detection points to detect, so as to circle the range of the ground crack.
Further, the wire arranged on the conductor grab handle is touched by a human hand to realize series connection with the body capacitance, so that the strength of the transverse conductor in cutting the magnetic induction wire is increased.
Further, when the detecting device moves at a constant speed perpendicular to the direction of the object to be detected, transverse conductors in the two detecting devices of the left hand and the right hand attract each other to form deflection when the edge position of the ground crack to be detected is detected.
Further, when the transverse conductors in the two detection devices of the left hand and the right hand attract each other to form a deflection, the position of a person and the deflection angle when the deflection is formed are recorded, and the specific position of the edge of the ground crack is obtained by recording the moving position of the person and the deflection angle.
Further, when a human hand holds the detection device, a left hand and a right hand of a human body are used for holding one detection device respectively to form an electromagnetic induction conductor, meanwhile, the human body is used as a body capacitor, and the capacitor and the human body are used as the body capacitor to realize series connection by touching a wire arranged on a conductor handle by the human hand, so that the strength of the transverse conductor in cutting the magnetic induction line is increased.
Further, when the ground fracture is detected, a horizontal section formed by the ground fracture is used as a detection interface.
Further, the depth and the inclination of the ground fracture are obtained by constructing a theoretical model and an improved model of the ground fracture detection.
The application utilizes the stability of natural geomagnetic field, magnetic resistance is generated due to the difference of magnetic permeability of various substances, so that magnetic overflow or convergence is generated on the ground surface, and the existence and distribution condition of ground cracks are determined by detecting geomagnetic anomaly. This anomaly is found by testing the change in induced electromotive voltage generated by the conductor cutting the magnetic lines.
The theoretical basis of the method for detecting the ground cracks is that the rock and soil is treated as a material, so that the rock and soil has mechanical characteristics and electromagnetic characteristics. That is, when the rock-soil is used as a magnetic body, the rock-soil has a certain magnetic permeability, the buried depth in the soil body has a magnetic permeability different from that of the soil body, the geomagnetic field can overflow and converge on the ground when encountering different objects, namely, even magnetic force lines can overflow or converge downwards, and induced electromotive force can be generated when the induced conductor moves on the ground where the magnetic force lines overflow. In the application, when the detection device is used for walking at a constant speed on the ground approximately vertically (or at a certain angle), the transverse conductors in the two detection devices of the left hand and the right hand do not attract and swing towards each other (namely, magnetic force lines do not change obviously) if no ground crack exists, but when the detection device is used for walking near the ground crack, the transverse conductors in the two detection devices of the left hand and the right hand attract and swing towards each other.
The application uses the combined technical mode of geomagnetism and electromagnetic induction to measure the position of the ground crack, and only needs a person to walk back and forth on the ground with the detection device, and does not need drilling to analyze geological data.
Referring to fig. 2, a theoretical model of ground fault detection is given. The depth of the ground cracks can be calculated by using a theoretical model of ground crack detection, and the width can be calculated by the angle based on deflection generated by the opposite movement of the transverse conductors in the two detection devices in the natural magnetic field.
Specifically, when the detection device moves at a constant speed perpendicular to the object to be detected to acquire the magnetic field change, an initial point when an abnormality occurs and a range of abnormal positions are recorded, wherein the range of the abnormal positions is approximately the width of a ground crack or a cavity.
When transmitting low-frequency resonance electromagnetic waves, a specific depth can be calculated by recording the distance between the ground position of the received reflected signal and the initial abnormal point. The method comprises the steps of specifically obtaining a specific position of an object to be measured, sending low-frequency resonance electromagnetic waves with the same inherent electromagnetic wave resonance frequency as the object to be measured to the object to be measured through an electromagnetic wave emitter, identifying the object to be measured according to whether a reflection signal corresponding to the low-frequency resonance electromagnetic waves can be received or not, and calculating the depth of the object to be measured according to the distance between the received reflection signal and an initial abnormal point.
In fig. 2, the distance between the initial abnormal point of the low-frequency resonant electromagnetic wave and the point from which the electromagnetic wave is reflected to the ground is L, and the depth H can be directly obtained according to the algorithm of the side length of the isosceles right triangle because the diffusion angle of the low-frequency resonant electromagnetic wave when the low-frequency resonant electromagnetic wave is reflected by the object to be measured is 90 °.
In this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave resonance frequency inherent to the ground split is 650-750Hz.
The theoretical model of the above-mentioned ground fracture detection is an ideal model, which is effective for the vertically extending ground fracture detection. During detection, the bottom of the ground crack is taken as a reflection plane, and when a 650-750Hz low-frequency resonance electromagnetic wave is sent out at any position around the specific position of the ground crack acquired on the ground, a transmission signal formed by the 650-750Hz low-frequency resonance electromagnetic wave through the reflection plane forms 45 degrees with the ground axis.
However, the ground cracks do not extend vertically and extend downwards basically according to a certain inclination, so based on the theoretical model for detecting the ground cracks provided above, the application also provides an improved theoretical model for detecting the ground cracks, wherein the improved theoretical model can be suitable for detecting the ground cracks with different inclinations.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows an algorithm schematic of the improved theoretical model.
When the ground cracks are inclined according to a certain inclination as a whole, the specific position of the ground cracks actually obtained by the detection method of the application does not correspond to the emission plane formed at the bottom of the ground cracks.
Recording an initial abnormal point when a ground fault is detected, recording a distance between the initial abnormal point and a receiving position from the ground point to which an electromagnetic wave received on one side of the initial abnormal point is reflected (reflected signal) and a distance between the ground fault and the receiving position from which the electromagnetic wave received on the other side of the initial abnormal point is reflected (reflected signal) and the ground point as L1, recording a distance between the ground fault and the receiving position from which the electromagnetic wave received on the other side of the initial abnormal point is reflected (reflected signal) and the ground point as L2, wherein a transmitting signal formed by passing a low-frequency resonance electromagnetic wave of 650-750Hz through a reflection plane forms 45 degrees with the ground axis, the whole transmitting angle is 90 degrees, the distance between a central point and the reflection plane is H, and H= (L1+L2)/2, and the whole slope of the ground fault is tanα=H/S.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for detecting the ground fracture is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the detection device moves at a uniform speed along the ground to obtain the deflection states of the two transverse conductors, and the specific position of the object to be detected is judged according to the deflection states of the two transverse conductors;
the detecting device comprises a transverse conductor, wherein one end of the transverse conductor is fixed on the screw cap, a conductor grab handle is arranged perpendicular to the transverse conductor, and the upper part of the conductor grab handle is rotationally connected with the screw cap;
The capacitive box is arranged on the transverse conductor, a capacitor is arranged in the capacitive box, and the input end and the output end of the capacitor are connected to the conductor grab handle and the transverse conductor through wires respectively, so that the detection sensitivity is enhanced.
2. The method for detecting ground cracks according to claim 1, wherein when the detection is performed, one detection device is held by the left hand and the right hand of the human body respectively, so that two transverse conductors in the detection device are in a parallel state, and one electromagnetic induction conductor is formed by holding one detection device by the left hand and the right hand of the human body respectively;
marking an initial detection position, then moving on the ground at a constant speed along the initial detection position, and recording a first deflected position when deflection occurs to the two detection devices;
and selecting a plurality of different positions at the first position by taking the first position as a reference, and respectively holding a detection device by using the left hand and the right hand of a human body to form an electromagnetic induction conductor to detect along the selected plurality of different positions so as to encircle the range of the ground crack.
3. The method for detecting the ground cracks according to claim 1, wherein when the detection is performed, the method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of moving the two detection devices at a constant speed on the ground along an initial detection position, recording the first position of the deflection when the two detection devices deflect, continuing to move at a constant speed until the state of the deflection of the two detection devices disappears, recording any one second position when the deflection of the two detection devices disappears, then continuing to move at a constant speed until the deflection of the two detection devices occurs again, recording the third position, taking a connecting line among the first position, the second position and the third position as a detected ground crack approximately diameter, taking the center of the connecting line as a reference frame, defining a detection circle taking the distance of the connecting line as a radius, selecting a plurality of detection points on the detection circle, and respectively holding one detection device by the left hand and the right hand of a human body to form an electromagnetic induction conductor to detect along a plurality of different directions so as to define the range of the ground cracks.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the strength of the transverse conductor in cutting the magnetic induction line is increased by touching a wire disposed on the conductor grip with a human hand to connect the wire in series with the body capacitance.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the detecting means is moved at a constant speed perpendicular to the direction of the object to be detected, the transverse conductors in the two detecting means of the left hand and the right hand attract each other to form a yaw when the position of the edge of the ground crack to be detected is detected.
6. The method for detecting the ground fault according to claim 1, wherein the specific position of the ground fault edge is obtained by recording the position of the person moving and the angle of the yaw when the yaw is formed and recording the position of the person moving and the angle of the yaw when the lateral conductors in the two detecting devices of the left hand and the right hand attract each other to form the yaw.
7. The method for detecting ground cracks according to claim 4, wherein when a human hand holds the detecting device, a left hand and a right hand of the human body are used to hold the detecting device respectively to form an electromagnetic induction conductor, and meanwhile, the human body is used as a body capacitance, and the capacitance is connected in series with the human body as the body capacitance through a wire arranged on a conductor handle by touching the mould by the human hand, so that the strength of the transverse conductor in cutting the magnetic induction line is increased.
8. The method for detecting a ground fracture according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal cross section formed by the ground fracture is used as a detection interface when the ground fracture is detected.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the transverse conductors and conductor grips are each made of copper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411907594.4A CN119667795A (en) | 2024-12-24 | 2024-12-24 | Ground crack detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202411907594.4A CN119667795A (en) | 2024-12-24 | 2024-12-24 | Ground crack detection method |
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| CN119667795A true CN119667795A (en) | 2025-03-21 |
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| CN202411907594.4A Pending CN119667795A (en) | 2024-12-24 | 2024-12-24 | Ground crack detection method |
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