CN105044792B - Ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ground well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester and methods, the device receives harvester including electromagnetic signal in highpowerpulse transmitting source control device, transmitting antenna and well, electromagnetic signal receives harvester and is connect by logging cable with the instrument cab on ground in well, electromagnetic signal receives depth location of the harvester in well in instrument cab control well, and electromagnetic signal reception harvester includes data acquisition and transmitting device, a pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor and vertical component electric-field sensor in well.The present invention greatly reduces the various industry in ground and the influence of humane electromagnetic interference, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of data, it can realize high-power transmitting, be conducive to detection and bury deeper or farther with a distance from received well exploration targets, and can indicate the anisotropic properties of formation resistivity, the occurrence on stratum and the information of wellbore offset are provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of geophysical exploration, specifically refer to a kind ofly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data and adopt
Acquisition means and collecting method.
Background technology
Geophysical exploration method mainly has the exploitation methods such as seismic wave method, DC electrical method, magnetic method, gravitational method and electromagnetic method.
Wherein electromagnetic method is also known as " electromagnetic induction method ", according to the difference of the electric conductivity and magnetic conductivity of rock or ore, utilizes electromagnetic induction
The method that principle carries out exploration prospecting, is referred to as electromagnetic method.
Wherein, the application of ground time-frequency electromagnetic survey technology, in structural belt and special objective joint interpretation, hydrocarbon trap connection
Detection evaluation etc. is closed to played an important role.Well electromagnetic survey technology have passed through the research and developments of recent two decades,
Have been formed into more ripe method.The method of electromagnetic field excitation can be divided into frequency domain excitation and time-domain excitation.Frequency domain
The limitation of (continuous wave) excitation is that have very strong coupling between transmitter and receiver so that from transmitter directly to receiver
Source field signal is strong more than the signal in stratum, thus is difficult to accurately measure the electromagnetic field signal received from stratum.To the greatest extent
Pipe can furnish us with formation at target locations of interest using multi-objective technology and the method being combined using multigroup measurement data
Information, but obtained net signal is still smaller compared with overall measurement signal, and useful information is very little.
Electromagnetic measuring system and measuring method are used to determine US Patent specification US6739165B1 with disclosing a well
Properties of fluid in bearing stratum.The system acquires initially natural greatly by being laid in the magnetotelluric data collecting device on ground first
Electromagnetic field measures the initial electromagnetic field of reservoir by the electromagnetic sensor for being laid in ground and underground, then passes through Inversion Calculation
Go out the resistivity or conductivity of subsurface reservoir, and derive accordingly initial earth-electricity model and initial underground fluid such as grease or
The initial contact surface of air water.After certain interval of time, the reservoir electromagnetic field measurements in above-mentioned ground and well, Inversion Calculation are repeated
Go out the resistivity or conductivity of subsurface reservoir, and derive earth-electricity model at this time and at this time underground fluid and different fluid accordingly
The spatial distribution of contact surface.Oil is monitored by monitoring in subsurface reservoir the changes in spatial distribution of fluid and different fluid contact surface
The condition of production of gas reservoir.But this well electromagnetic measuring system easily by ground human-made noise interfere, reduce electromagnetic data
Signal-to-noise ratio.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition dress
It puts and collecting method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind ofly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester, the device packet
It includes：
Electromagnetic signal receives harvester in highpowerpulse transmitting source control device, transmitting antenna and well, in the well
Electromagnetic signal receives harvester and is connect by logging cable with the instrument cab on ground, and electromagnetism is believed in the instrument cab control well
Number depth location of the reception harvester in well, is characterized in that, the highpowerpulse emit source control device to
Transmitting antenna provides highpowerpulse exciting current；The transmitting antenna is by being grounded the grounding electrode at long conducting wire both ends by big work(
Rate pulse excitation electric current is fed directly into ground or by accessing around the rectangular big loop line of well or encouraging electromagnetism around the round big loop line of well
；In the well electromagnetic signal receive harvester include data acquisition and transmitting device, a pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor and
Vertical component electric-field sensor, the pair of three-component magnetic field sensor are respectively arranged at the upper end of data acquisition and transmitting device
And lower end, the electric-field sensor be installed on data acquisition and transmitting device top and bottom a pair of of unpolarizable electrode ring or
The magnetic field data channel and electric field data channel of electrode block, data acquisition and transmitting device respectively with three-component magnetic field sensing
Device, electric-field sensor are connected.
Preferably, the transmitting antenna is for the long conducting wire of the mutually orthogonal ground connection of two centered on wellbore or around well
Rectangular big loop line or around the round big loop line of well.
Further, the length of the long conducting wire of ground connection is 1000m~10000m, the highpowerpulse emission source control
Device is grounded long conducting wire interleaved powers by reversing switch to two.
Further, the length of side around the rectangular big loop line of well is 500m~3000m, described around the half of the round big loop line of well
Diameter is 500m~1000m.
Still further, the three-component magnetic field sensor is three mutually orthogonal magnetic induction coils or three-component magnetic flux
Door sensor.
Further, the pair of three-component magnetic field sensor does not polarize at a distance of 10m, a pair of the electric-field sensor
Electrode retaining collar or electrode block are at a distance of 10m.
The present invention also provides a kind of-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition method, includes the following steps：
A, the highpowerpulse transmitting source control device persistently emits highpowerpulse exciting current, through the transmitting day
The grounding electrode of line reaches in ground and induction field is encouraged in ground so that underground medium generates inductive loop, the sensing
Vortex gradually spreads and decays to half space underground, and the speed of diffusion and the amplitude of attenuation are related with the conductivity of underground medium；
B, the three-component magnetic field sensor and electric-field sensor press certain point away from point-by-point acquisition step a in well section to be measured
The magnetic-field component and ll vertical electric field component that middle inductive loop generates, and the magnetic being transmitted in the data acquisition and transmitting device 6
Field data channel and electric field data channel, obtain electromagnetic data；
C, the electromagnetic data of step b is transmitted to the instrument on ground by the data acquisition and transmitting device by logging cable
Vehicle；
D, the data transmitted in step c by logging cable in instrument cab are recorded, and by overlap-add procedure, obtains the time
Sequence data；
E, the time series data in time-domain or frequency domain processing step d obtains the electromagnetic field amount and magnetic of each measuring point
Field gradient, the extraction parameter related with formation electrical property；
F, the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point of step e and magnetic field gradient are subjected to inversion imaging, obtain well week one spacing of radial direction
Formation resistivity distribution from the range of.
In above-mentioned steps a, the waveform of the highpowerpulse exciting current for the ambipolar square wave of half duty of zero or accounts for
Sky ratio is zero and has the pseudo random pulse sequence of positive-negative polarity, and the square-wave cycle or unit pulse width are 0.01~64s.
In above-mentioned steps b, each measuring point measures and the magnetic field signal and electric field signal in 10~50 periods of record.
In above-mentioned steps f, according to the obtained anisotropic properties of formation resistivity distribution instruction formation resistivity, carry
The information of occurrence and wellbore offset for stratum, and realize the explanation and evaluation to reservoir parameter.
Ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester and collecting method of the invention, can detect well section well to be measured
The formation resistivity distribution of surrounding in larger scope, can also improve the resolution capability to objective body, it is each to greatly reduce ground
Interference of the kind human-made noise to underground time-frequency electromagnetic data, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of electromagnetic data, and can indicate formation resistivity
Anisotropic properties provide the occurrence on stratum and the information of wellbore offset, and realize the explanation and evaluation to reservoir parameter.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the first embodiment of ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of second of embodiment of ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of time-frequency electromagnetic data harvester in underground in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
In figure：Highpowerpulse transmitting source control device 1, transmitting antenna 2, highpowerpulse exciting current waveform 3, instrument
Electromagnetic signal receives harvester 5, data acquisition and transmitting device 6, three-component magnetic field sensor 7, electric field sensing in vehicle 4, well
Device 8.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they do not form limitation of the invention, only
It is for example, while by illustrating that advantages of the present invention will become clearer and be readily appreciated that.
There are two types of embodiments for ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester tool of the invention, as follows：
Embodiment 1
With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 3, ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester is controlled including highpowerpulse emission source and is filled
It puts electromagnetic signal in 1, transmitting antenna 2 and well and receives harvester 5, electromagnetic signal reception harvester 5 passes through electricity of logging well in well
Cable is connect with the instrument cab 4 on ground, and instrument cab 4 controls electromagnetic signal in well to receive depth location of the harvester 5 in well.
For the mutually orthogonal long conducting wire of ground connection of two centered on wellbore, the length for being grounded long conducting wire is transmitting antenna 2
1000m~10000m, highpowerpulse emit source control device 1 and are grounded long conducting wire interleaved powers to two by reversing switch.
Highpowerpulse emits source control device 1 and provides highpowerpulse exciting current 3 to transmitting antenna 2, and transmitting antenna 2 passes through ground connection
Highpowerpulse exciting current 3 is fed directly into ground by the grounding electrode at long conducting wire both ends.
Electromagnetic signal receives harvester 5 and is acquired and transmitting device 6, a pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor including data in well
7 and vertical component electric-field sensor 8.A pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor 7 be respectively arranged at data acquisition and transmitting device 6 it is upper
End and lower end, for a pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor 7 at a distance of 10m, three-component magnetic field sensor 7 is three mutually orthogonal magnetic induction
Coil or triaxial fluxgate magnetometer.Electric-field sensor 8 is be installed on data acquisition and 6 top and bottom of transmitting device one
To unpolarizable electrode ring or electrode block, this is to unpolarizable electrode ring or electrode block at a distance of 10m.Data acquire and transmitting device 6
Magnetic field data channel and electric field data channel are connected respectively with three-component magnetic field sensor 7, electric-field sensor 8.
Embodiment 2
Referring to figs. 2 and 3, difference lies in transmitting antenna 2 is around well centered on wellbore to embodiment 2 with embodiment 1
Rectangular big loop line or around the round big loop line of well, the length of side around the rectangular big loop line of well is 500m~3000m, around the round big loop line of well
Radius is 500m~1000m.Other are same as Example 1.
Present invention ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition method is specifically described below, is included the following steps：
A, highpowerpulse transmitting source control device 1 persistently emits highpowerpulse exciting current 3, highpowerpulse excitation
The waveform of electric current 3 is that the ambipolar square wave of half duty of zero or duty ratio are zero and have the pseudo random pulse sequence of positive-negative polarity, side
Wave period or unit pulse width are 0.01~64s, and the grounding electrode of emitted antenna 2, which reaches, encourages induction field in ground,
So that underground medium generates inductive loop, inductive loop gradually spreads and decays to half space underground, the speed of diffusion and attenuation
Amplitude it is related with the conductivity of underground medium；
B, three-component magnetic field sensor 7 and electric-field sensor 8 press certain point away from point-by-point acquisition step a in well section to be measured
Magnetic-field component (Hx, Hy, Hz) and ll vertical electric field component (Ez), each measuring point measures and the magnetic field letter in 10~50 periods of record
Number and electric field signal, and be transmitted to data acquisition and the magnetic field data channel of transmitting device 6 and electric field data channel, obtain electromagnetism
Field data；
C, the electromagnetic data of step b is transmitted to the instrument cab on ground by data acquisition and transmitting device 6 by logging cable；
D, it will be recorded in instrument cab 4 by the data that logging cable transmits in step c, and pass through overlap-add procedure, when obtaining
Between sequence data；
E, the time series data in time-domain or frequency domain processing step d obtains the electromagnetic field amount and magnetic of each measuring point
Field gradient, the extraction parameter related with formation electrical property；
F, the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point of step e and magnetic field gradient are subjected to inversion imaging, obtain well week one spacing of radial direction
Formation resistivity distribution from the range of, indicates the anisotropic properties of formation resistivity, and occurrence and the wellbore for providing stratum are inclined
The information of shifting, and realize explanation and evaluation to reservoir parameter.
Other unspecified parts belong to the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. a kind ofly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester, including highpowerpulse transmitting source control device (1), transmitting
Electromagnetic signal receives harvester (5) in antenna (2) and well, and electromagnetic signal reception harvester (5) passes through well logging in the well
Cable is connect with the instrument cab (4) on ground, and electromagnetic signal receives harvester (5) in well in instrument cab (4) the control well
In depth location, which is characterized in that
The highpowerpulse transmitting source control device (1) provides highpowerpulse exciting current (3) to transmitting antenna (2)；Institute
It states transmitting antenna (2) and highpowerpulse exciting current (3) is fed directly into ground by being grounded the grounding electrode at long conducting wire both ends,
Or by accessing around the rectangular big loop line of well or around the round big loop line excitation electromagnetic field of well；Electromagnetic signal receives acquisition in the well
Device (5) includes data acquisition and transmitting device (6), a pair of of three-component magnetic field sensor (7) and vertical component electric-field sensor
(8), the pair of three-component magnetic field sensor (7) is respectively arranged at the top and bottom of data acquisition and transmitting device (6), institute
It is a pair of of the unpolarizable electrode ring or electricity for being installed on data acquisition and transmitting device (6) top and bottom to state electric-field sensor (8)
The magnetic field data channel and electric field data channel of pole block, the data acquisition and transmitting device (6) pass respectively with three-component magnetic field
Sensor (7), electric-field sensor (8) are connected；
The three-component magnetic field sensor (7) is three mutually orthogonal magnetic induction coils or triaxial fluxgate magnetometer；
The pair of three-component magnetic field sensor (7) at a distance of 10m, a pair of of unpolarizable electrode ring of the electric-field sensor (8) or
Electrode block is at a distance of 10m.
2. according to claim 1ly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester, which is characterized in that the transmitting day
Line (2) is for the long conducting wire of the mutually orthogonal ground connection of two centered on wellbore or around the rectangular big loop line of well or around the round big loop line of well.
3. according to claim 2ly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester, which is characterized in that the ground connection length
The length of conducting wire is 1000m~10000m, and the highpowerpulse transmitting source control device (1) is connect by reversing switch to two
The long conducting wire interleaved power in ground.
4. according to claim 2ly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester, which is characterized in that described around well side
The length of side of the big loop line of shape is 500m~3000m, and the radius around the round big loop line of well is 500m~1000m.
5. using the data of ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester of any claim in the claims 1~4
Acquisition method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A, the highpowerpulse transmitting source control device (1) persistently emits highpowerpulse exciting current (3), through the transmitting
The grounding electrode of antenna (2) reaches in ground and induction field is encouraged in ground so that underground medium generates inductive loop, described
Inductive loop gradually spreads and decays to half space underground, and the speed and the amplitude of attenuation and the conductivity of underground medium of diffusion have
It closes；
B, the three-component magnetic field sensor (7) and electric-field sensor (8) are walked in well section to be measured by certain point away from point-by-point acquisition
The magnetic-field component and ll vertical electric field component that inductive loop generates in rapid a, and it is transmitted to the data acquisition and transmitting device (6)
Magnetic field data channel and electric field data channel, obtain electromagnetic data；
C, the electromagnetic data of step b is transmitted to the instrument on ground by the data acquisition and transmitting device (6) by logging cable
Vehicle；
D, the data transmitted in step c by logging cable in instrument cab are recorded, and by overlap-add procedure, obtains time series
Data；
E, the time series data in time-domain or frequency domain processing step d obtains the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point and magnetic field ladder
Degree, the extraction parameter related with formation electrical property；
F, the electromagnetic field amount of each measuring point of step e and magnetic field gradient are subjected to inversion imaging, obtain well week radial direction certain distance model
Formation resistivity distribution in enclosing.
6. according to claim 5ly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition method, which is characterized in that in step a, institute
The waveform for stating highpowerpulse exciting current (3) is that the ambipolar square wave of half duty of zero or duty ratio are zero and have positive-negative polarity
Pseudo random pulse sequence, the square-wave cycle or unit pulse width are 0.01~64s.
7. according to claim 5 or 6ly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition method, which is characterized in that in step b
In, each measuring point measures and the magnetic field signal and electric field signal in 10~50 periods of record.
8. according to claim 7ly-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data acquisition method, which is characterized in that obtained according to step f
The anisotropic properties of formation resistivity distribution instruction formation resistivity arrived, provide the occurrence on stratum and the letter of wellbore offset
Breath, and realize explanation and evaluation to reservoir parameter.
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