CN119549114A - Ammonia nitrogen adsorption material for soil improvement and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ammonia nitrogen adsorption material for soil improvement and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein straw scraps and zeolite powder are mixed to obtain a mixed raw material; the method comprises the steps of adding a material absorbing NH 4 + -N into soil for improving the soil performance so as to promote the germination and growth of plants, preparing a composite material with higher NH 4 + -N adsorption capacity through the co-pyrolysis of zeolite and straw, recycling the composite material absorbing NH 4 + -N as a soil conditioner, supplementing zeolite to improve the adsorption performance of a biochar material to NH 4 + -N, and simultaneously improving the natural loose and porous mineral property of the composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The addition of biochar to the soil can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, and is beneficial to soil improvement and repair. The biochar can improve the organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, permeability and microbial activity of soil and increase the formation of soil aggregate structures. Especially, the biochar has adsorptivity to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium which are soil nutrient elements, can play a role in relieving loss of the soil nutrient elements, reducing non-point source pollution of agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus, improving soil fertility and promoting crop growth, for example, the adsorption performance of the rice straw charcoal to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is good, the adsorption capacity of the rice straw charcoal can reach (2.44+/-0.15) mg/g, (2.91+/-0.12) mg/g and (4.97+/-0.22) mg/g respectively, and the biochar has outstanding carbon fixation potential and farmland effect.
On the other hand, the adsorption depth denitrification treatment technology of the biochar for low-concentration NH 4 + -N wastewater is also widely studied. The biological carbon and the activated carbon adsorption method are similar, NH 4 + can be adsorbed through surface ions and chemical functional groups through ion exchange, chemical precipitation and coordination, good NH 4 + -N removal effect is achieved, but the biological carbon prepared from different materials has certain difference in adsorption capacity against different concentration wastewater, for example, research shows that enteromorpha biological carbon is used for water treatment containing 10.00mg/L ammonia nitrogen, the maximum adsorption capacity is 16.76mg/g, rape straw biological carbon is used for water treatment containing 30.00mg/L ammonia nitrogen, the maximum adsorption capacity is 12.51mg/g, and chlorella-peanut shell co-pyrolysis biological carbon is used for water treatment containing 5.00mg/L ammonia nitrogen, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 4.84mg/g. Although the adsorption method has good effect in the treatment of low-concentration NH 4 + -N wastewater, the subsequent recycling and cost problems still need to be considered, particularly for large-scale wastewater treatment, a large amount of adsorption materials need to be consumed, and the treatment and disposal problems of waste materials are faced, so that the cost and the feasibility of application thereof still need to be comprehensively considered in practical application.
The zeolite is an aluminosilicate mineral containing calcium, sodium, potassium and the like (chemical formula: M x/n[(AlO2)x(SiO2)y]·mH2 O, M represents metal cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium and the like), is a mineral material with orderly and uniform through holes and large specific surface area, has the potential of cation exchange adsorption of NH 4 + -N, and researches show that the limit adsorption capacity of NH 4 + -N in landfill leachate removed by a zeolite adsorption method can reach 15.5mgNH 4 + -N/g zeolite.
The prior art uses modified biochar or zeolite for preparing nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbents and applies the modified biochar or zeolite to soil as a soil conditioner ([ 1] Duan Qinglong ] the modified biochar has the effect of adsorbing total phosphorus of ammonia nitrogen in simulated sewage and simulated analysis [ D ] northeast agricultural university, 2022.DOI: 10.27010/d.cnki.gdbinu.2022.000788; [2] the application of Markravir zeolite in environmental protection [ D ] Guangxi university, 2019), but has disadvantages in effect and cost as a single material for preparing the adsorbent. At present, the technology of mixing biochar and zeolite to be used as an artificial wetland composite matrix for adsorbing NH 4 + -N (3: xu Jianling, li, wang Xinyu, and the like) is available, namely, an artificial wetland [ P ] with plant and composite matrix under the low-temperature intermittent aeration effect, which is CN202410841669.7,2024-10-25, but the literature or patent disclosure of the combination of zeolite and biochar or activated carbon for soil improvement is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein a composite material with higher NH 4 + -N adsorption capacity is prepared by co-pyrolysis of zeolite and waste agricultural straws, so that the composite material can realize high-efficiency denitrification of low-concentration domestic sewage, the composite material after adsorbing NH 4 + -N can be further used as a soil improvement agent for realizing regeneration and utilization, the adsorption performance of a biological carbon material on NH 4 + -N is hopefully improved by zeolite, and meanwhile, the natural loose porous mineral attribute of the composite material also has the feasibility of soil improvement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
An ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, which comprises straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 7:3-9:1.
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, are collected, air-dried and stored at room temperature, and are dried overnight before biochar is prepared, crushed and sieved by a sieve of 80-120 meshes, so that the straw scraps are obtained.
The zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite, and the zeolite powder is obtained by grinding the natural clinoptilolite and sieving the ground zeolite with a 170-230 mesh sieve.
The preparation method of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement comprises the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 7:3-9:1;
S2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 500-750 ℃ with a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and introducing nitrogen as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
And S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.1-0.3%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and impregnating for 22-26 hours at 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and drying in a drying box to obtain the alkali modified product, namely the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 16.84-17.22 mg/g under the conditions of 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1 for 22-26 hours.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product to NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 17.89-19.08mg/g under the conditions of 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1 for 22-26 h.
The ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement is prepared by adding a material adsorbing NH 4 + -N into soil for soil performance improvement, so as to promote germination and growth of plants.
The application method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, adsorbing NH 4 + -N in NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 for 22-26 hours under the conditions of 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1, centrifuging, and drying in a drying oven to obtain a soil improvement material;
Step 2, uniformly mixing the soil improvement material and soil according to a proportion of 1-2 per mill to obtain improved treated soil;
step 3, soaking seeds with deionized water for germination accelerating treatment, and planting the seeds subjected to germination accelerating treatment in the improved treated soil;
And 4, watering thoroughly for the first time, placing in a field with sufficient light at room temperature for cultivation, supplementing water in equal quantity every two days, recording germination and growth conditions of seeds, and measuring the pH and water holding capacity of soil after the germination and growth conditions are finished.
The final improvement effect is that the germination rate of soil seeds added with 1-2 per mill of soil improvement materials is 60-70%, the average plant height after one week is 7.0-9.0 cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 7.46-7.92, and the water holding capacity is 22.82-24.37%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the invention, corn straw and zeolite are used as raw materials, and the loaded zeolite biochar material with excellent ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N) adsorption performance is prepared through co-pyrolysis and NaOH modification, so that the loaded zeolite biochar material can be used for deep denitrification treatment of low-concentration NH 4 + -N wastewater, and the material after adsorbing NH 4 + -N can be further used as a soil conditioner to improve the physicochemical properties of soil, thereby promoting germination and growth of plants. The method has the advantages that ① takes agricultural waste as raw materials, and is assisted with cheap and easily available zeolite materials to develop the efficient deep denitrification adsorption material for low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater, so that the technical effect of waste treatment can be achieved, and ② prepares the composite functional material with the functions of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater adsorption purification and soil improvement through technical parameter control, so that an effective technical means can be provided for denitrification treatment of a sewage treatment plant, and the material after nitrogen adsorption can be returned to the field for soil improvement, thereby achieving the beneficial technical effect of waste treatment and soil improvement by waste recycling. ③ According to the physical and chemical analysis of the soil, the addition of the zeolite-loaded biochar material of 1-2 permillage can improve the soil environment for spinach growth, slow down the acidity of the soil, balance the water holding capacity of the soil and help promote the germination and growth of spinach.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the microstructure of example 1Z@C-OH8:2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the following examples and figures, wherein the examples are intended to be illustrative only of some, but not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1, an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, the raw materials of which comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 8:2;
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, collected in Qinghai province, air-dried and stored at room temperature, dried overnight before charcoal is prepared, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain straw scraps;
the zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite by grinding, and sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain zeolite powder.
The preparation method of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement comprises the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 8:2;
s2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 500 ℃ with a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, and preserving the heat for 1h, wherein nitrogen is introduced as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the composite co-pyrolysis product Z@C 8:2 to the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 17.22mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours;
S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.2%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and soaking for 24 hours at 23 ℃ and 120 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain an alkali modified product, namely an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, named Z@C-OH 8:2.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product Z@C-OH 8:2 to the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 19.08mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours.
The microstructure of the Z@C-OH8:2 material of this example is shown in FIG. 1, and it can be seen that the material has smooth surface, contains slits and mesopores inside, has favorable sites for NH 4 + -N adhesion, and has no obvious adhesion of other fine particles. The zeolite particles have been attached to the surface of the biochar or embedded in the pores of the biochar.
Example 2 an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, the raw materials of which comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 7:3;
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, collected in Qinghai province, air-dried and stored at room temperature, dried overnight before charcoal is prepared, crushed and sieved by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain straw scraps;
the zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite by grinding, and sieving with 170 mesh sieve to obtain zeolite powder.
The preparation method of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement comprises the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 7:3;
S2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 750 ℃ by using a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, and preserving the heat for 2 hours, wherein nitrogen is introduced as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the composite co-pyrolysis product Z@C 7:3 to a NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 17.08mg/g under the conditions of 20 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 22 h;
S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.3%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and soaking for 26 hours at 25 ℃ and 100 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to neutrality, and putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain an alkali modified product, namely an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, named Z@C-OH 7:3.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product Z@C-OH 7:3 to a NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 18.93mg/g under the conditions of 20 ℃ and 100 r.min -1 for 26 hours.
Example 3 an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement, the raw materials of which comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 9:1;
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, collected in Qinghai province, air-dried and stored at room temperature, dried overnight before charcoal is prepared, crushed and sieved by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain straw scraps;
The zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite by grinding, and sieving with 230 mesh sieve to obtain zeolite powder.
The preparation method of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 9:1;
S2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 600 ℃ by using a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, preserving the heat for 1.5 hours, and introducing nitrogen as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the composite co-pyrolysis product Z@C 9:1 to a NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 16.81mg/g under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 140 r.min -1 for 22 hours;
S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to the percentage of 0.1%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and dipping for 22 hours at 20 ℃ and 140 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, putting into a drying oven, and drying to obtain an alkali modified product, namely an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, named Z@C-OH 9:1.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product Z@C-OH 9:1 to a NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 17.89mg/g under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 140 r.min -1 for 22 h.
Comparative example 1, an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, the raw materials of which comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 1:1;
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, collected in Qinghai province, air-dried and stored at room temperature, dried overnight before charcoal is prepared, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain straw scraps;
the zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite by grinding, and sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain zeolite powder.
The preparation method of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 1:1;
S2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 500 ℃ with a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, and preserving the heat for 1h, wherein nitrogen is introduced as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 7.59mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours;
S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.2%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and soaking for 24 hours at 25 ℃ and 120 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain an alkali modified product, namely an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, named Z@C-OH 1:1.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product Z@C-OH 1:1 to a NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 8.21mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours.
Comparative example 2, an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, the raw materials of which comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 3:7;
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, collected in Qinghai province, air-dried and stored at room temperature, dried overnight before charcoal is prepared, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain straw scraps;
the zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite by grinding, and sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain zeolite powder.
The preparation method of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 3:7;
S2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 500 ℃ by using a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, and preserving the heat for 1 hour, and introducing nitrogen as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 8.91mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours;
S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.2%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and soaking for 24 hours at 25 ℃ and 120 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain an alkali modified product, namely an ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material, named Z@C-OH 3:7.
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product Z@C-OH 3:7 to the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 9.43mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours.
As can be seen from Table 1 comparing the maximum ammonia nitrogen adsorption amounts of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, under the condition of example 1, the adsorption effect on NH 4 + -N is best compared with the adsorption effect on other straws and zeolite materials in different proportions before the alkali modification is Z@C 8:2 and after the alkali modification is Z@C-OH 8:2.
TABLE 1
Application example 1, the application of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement in example 1, adding a proper amount of material adsorbing NH 4 + -N into soil for improving soil performance and further promoting germination and growth of plants, wherein the application method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, adsorbing NH 4 + -N in NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 by the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material Z@C-OH 8:2 prepared above under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours, centrifuging, and drying in a drying oven to obtain a soil improvement material;
Step 2, uniformly mixing the soil improvement material with the soil according to 1 per mill to obtain improved treated soil;
Step 3, soaking spinach seeds in deionized water for germination accelerating treatment, and planting the spinach seeds subjected to germination accelerating treatment in the improved treatment soil;
And 4, watering thoroughly for the first time, placing in a field with sufficient light at room temperature for cultivation, supplementing water in equal quantity every two days, recording germination and growth conditions of seeds, and measuring the pH and water holding capacity of soil after the germination and growth conditions are finished.
The final improvement effect is that the germination rate of soil seeds added with 1 per mill of soil improvement material is 70%, the average plant height after one week is 9.0cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 7.46, and the water holding capacity is 22.82%.
Application example 2, ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material Z@C-OH 8:2 prepared in example 1 was subjected to NH 4 + -N adsorption in NH 4 + -N solution of 20mg.L -1 at 20deg.C and 100deg.C.min -1 for 26 hours, and then subjected to centrifugal separation, and then dried in an oven to obtain a soil improvement material, wherein the soil improvement material was uniformly mixed with soil according to 2%o, and the other steps were the same as those of application example 1.
The final improvement effect is that the germination rate of soil seeds added with 2 per mill of soil improvement materials is 60%, the average plant height after one week is 7.0cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 7.92, and the water holding capacity is 24.37%.
Application example 3 the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material Z@C-OH 8:2 prepared in example 1 was adsorbed for 22 hours at 25 ℃ and 140 r.min -1 to NH 4 + -N in a NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1, and the mixture was centrifuged and dried in an oven to obtain a soil improvement material, which was uniformly mixed with soil at 1.5%o, otherwise the same as in application example 1.
The final improvement effect is that the germination rate of the soil seeds added with 1.5 per mill of the soil improvement material is 62.5 percent, the average plant height after one week is 7.6cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 7.62, and the water holding capacity is 23.58 percent.
Using comparative example 1, a soil improvement material was uniformly mixed with soil at 0% by weight, and the other was the same as in application example 1.
The final effect is that the germination rate of the soil seeds is 40%, the average plant height after one week is 6.5cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 6.82, and the water holding capacity is 26.09%.
Using comparative example 2, a soil improvement material was uniformly mixed with soil at 0.5% by weight, and the other was the same as in application example 1.
The final improvement effect is that the germination rate of the soil seeds added with 0.5 per mill of the soil improvement material is 30 percent. The average plant height after one week was 6.0cm. The pH of the soil after planting is 7.15, and the water holding capacity is 26.03%.
Using comparative example 3, a soil improvement material was uniformly mixed with soil at 3% per mill, and the other was the same as in application example 1.
The final improvement effect is that the germination rate of the soil seeds added with 3 per mill of soil improvement materials is 35 percent. The average plant height after one week was 6.0cm. The pH of the soil after planting is 8.01, and the water holding capacity is 29.67%.
As can be seen from Table 2 when the soil improvement effects of application examples 1 to 3 and application comparative examples 1 to 3 are compared, the application example 1 in which 1% by weight of the soil improvement material was added has the best soil improvement effect as compared with other application examples in terms of germination rate of soil seeds, average plant height, pH of soil, water holding capacity and the like.
TABLE 2
The application effect of the invention of example 2 and example 3 is similar to that of example 1.
Claims (10)
1. An ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement is characterized in that the raw materials comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 7:3-9:1.
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, are collected, air-dried and stored at room temperature, and are dried overnight before biochar is prepared, crushed and sieved by a sieve of 80-120 meshes, so that the straw scraps are obtained.
The zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite, and the zeolite powder is obtained by grinding the natural clinoptilolite and sieving the ground zeolite with a 170-230 mesh sieve.
2. The method for preparing ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 7:3-9:1;
S2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 500-750 ℃ with a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and introducing nitrogen as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
And S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.1-0.3%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and impregnating for 22-26 hours at 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and drying in a drying box to obtain the alkali modified product, namely the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the maximum adsorption of NH 4 + -N to NH 4 + -N solution of 20mg.L -1 is 16.84-17.22 mg/g at 20-25deg.C and 100-140r.min -1 for 22-26 h.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the maximum adsorption of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product to NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 17.89-19.08mg/g at 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1 for 22-26 hours.
5. The application of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement prepared according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the material adsorbed with NH 4 + -N is added into soil for improving the soil performance, thereby promoting the germination and growth of plants.
6. The application method as claimed in claim 5, comprising the steps of:
Step 1, adsorbing NH 4 + -N in NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 for 22-26 hours under the conditions of 20-25 ℃ and 100-140 r.min -1, centrifuging, and drying in a drying oven to obtain a soil improvement material;
Step 2, uniformly mixing the soil improvement material and soil according to a proportion of 1-2 per mill to obtain improved treated soil;
step 3, soaking seeds with deionized water for germination accelerating treatment, and planting the seeds subjected to germination accelerating treatment in the improved treated soil;
And 4, watering thoroughly for the first time, placing in a field with sufficient light at room temperature for cultivation, supplementing water in equal quantity every two days, recording germination and growth conditions of seeds, and measuring the pH and water holding capacity of soil after the germination and growth conditions are finished.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the final improvement effect is that 1-2% of the soil improvement material is added, the germination rate of soil seeds is 60-70%, the average plant height after one week is 7.0-9.0 cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 7.46-7.92, and the water holding capacity is 22.82-24.37%.
8. An ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement is characterized in that the raw materials comprise straw scraps and zeolite powder in a mass ratio of 8:2;
The straw scraps are prepared from corn straw, collected in Qinghai province, air-dried and stored at room temperature, dried overnight before charcoal is prepared, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain straw scraps;
the zeolite is prepared from natural clinoptilolite by grinding, and sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain zeolite powder.
9. The method for preparing the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing straw scraps and zeolite powder to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the straw scraps to the zeolite powder is 8:2;
s2, putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step S1 into a high-temperature tube furnace for co-pyrolysis, and heating the furnace to 500 ℃ with a heating gradient of 10 ℃ min -1, and preserving the heat for 1h, wherein nitrogen is introduced as a protective gas to isolate oxygen;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the composite co-pyrolysis product Z@C 8:2 to the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 17.22mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours;
S3, adding the composite co-pyrolysis product obtained in the step S2 into a NaOH solution containing 1mol/L according to 0.2%, uniformly stirring, oscillating and soaking for 24 hours at 23 ℃ and 120 r.min -1, taking out, repeatedly cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain an alkali modified product, namely an ammonia nitrogen adsorption material, named Z@C-OH 8:2;
The maximum adsorption quantity of NH 4 + -N of the alkali modified product Z@C-OH 8:2 to the NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 is 19.08mg/g under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours.
10. The application of the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material for soil improvement prepared by the method of claim 9 is characterized in that a proper amount of the material for improving the soil performance after adsorbing NH 4 + -N is added into the soil, so as to promote the germination and growth of plants, and the application method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, adsorbing NH 4 + -N in NH 4 + -N solution of 20 mg.L -1 by the ammonia nitrogen adsorbing material Z@C-OH 8:2 prepared above under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 120 r.min -1 for 24 hours, centrifuging, and drying in a drying oven to obtain a soil improvement material;
Step 2, uniformly mixing the soil improvement material with the soil according to 1 per mill to obtain improved treated soil;
Step 3, soaking spinach seeds in deionized water for germination accelerating treatment, and planting the spinach seeds subjected to germination accelerating treatment in the improved treatment soil;
Step 4, watering thoroughly for the first time, placing in a field with sufficient light at room temperature for cultivation, supplementing water in equal amount every two days, recording germination and growth conditions of seeds, and measuring the pH and water holding capacity of soil after the germination and growth conditions are finished;
the final improvement effect is that the germination rate of soil seeds added with 1 per mill of soil improvement material is 70%, the average plant height after one week is 9.0cm, the pH of the soil after planting is 7.46, and the water holding capacity is 22.82%.
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