CN103011973A - Manufacture method of synergic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer with slow release and loss control effect - Google Patents
Manufacture method of synergic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer with slow release and loss control effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN103011973A CN103011973A CN2012105737778A CN201210573777A CN103011973A CN 103011973 A CN103011973 A CN 103011973A CN 2012105737778 A CN2012105737778 A CN 2012105737778A CN 201210573777 A CN201210573777 A CN 201210573777A CN 103011973 A CN103011973 A CN 103011973A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940078916 carbamide peroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 2
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 description 1
- JMVOPMMDZHQZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.N.P.[K+] Chemical compound N.N.P.[K+] JMVOPMMDZHQZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DHKHZGZAXCWQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[K] Chemical compound [N].[K] DHKHZGZAXCWQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacture method of a synergic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer with a slow release and loss control effect. The manufacture method comprises the following steps in sequence: preparing a modified oyster shell powder adsorbent by modifying through chitosan under the assistance of the microwave; preparing a water swelling and conservation agent by humic acid, polyacrylamide and an initiator; compounding the modified oyster shell powder adsorbent with the water swelling and conservation agent to obtain a fertilizer nutritional ingredient slow release and loss control material which contains oyster shell powder, chitosan, humic acid, polyacrylamide, organic acid chelate titanium and urea peroxide (based on weight ratio of 100: 0.5 to 3.0: 5.0 to 10.0: 3.0 to 6.0: 0.05 to 0.15: 0.05 to 0.15); and compounding the fertilizer nutritional ingredient slow release and loss control material with conventional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer based on the weight ratio of 1: 5.0 to.6.5, so as to obtain the synergic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilize which contains the slow release and loss control material and a plurality of synergists and has the slow release and loss control effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Production of manure technical field, be specifically related to be re-dubbed the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing by the chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material of microwave-assisted and the water-absorbing water-retaining agent of being made by humic acids, polyacrylamide, initiator and lose material, be re-dubbed contain that the slowly-releasing control loses material, multiple fertilizer synergist a kind of with traditional composite fertilizer again and have the lost efficacy manufacture method of Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of fruit of slowly-releasing control.
Background technology
50% of whole world Per Unit Area Grain Yield, 1/3 contribution from chemical fertilizer of gross output, chemical fertilizer is being brought into play important, irreplaceable effect in guaranteeing human survival and grain security.
It is the first that China's chemical fertilizers production amount and consumption are the whole world, but this season utilization ratio of China's chemical fertilizer is lower, and nitrogenous fertilizer is 30% ~ 35%, and phosphate fertilizer is 10% ~ 25%, and potash fertilizer is 35% ~ 50%, only is about 20% of developed country.
The major reason that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low is that fertilizer loss is serious.Therefore nitrogenous fertilizer can be with ammonia volatilization, change the approach such as nitrated and leaching loss and lose; Potash fertilizer loses by leaching loss; Phosphate fertilizer is then become invalid attitude by soil fixing, and some phosphorus can fall by leaching loss, because these phenomenons cause the utilization ratio of fertilizer to reduce.
The loss of a large amount of fertilizer not only causes huge financial loss, a large amount of fertilizer that run off more seriously, to water body, underground water, atmosphere and the soil on ground can cause from the earth's surface, underground serious pollution to aerial solid.
Adopting physics, chemistry, biological means, general chemistry fertilizer is made the fertilizer of slow releasing nutrients composition, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduce the loss of fertilizer, is a kind of effective approach, also is the direction of chemical fertilizer development.
But it is always many that China's penetration and promotion Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers faces, and primarily is that price is too high, is difficult to be accepted by vast farmers, so occupation rate or very little on the slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer market of coating method so far.
Simultaneously, also exist the problem of difficult degradation in the coated fertilizer of prior art, so use the risk that also there is secondary pollution in the arable land, farmland of the slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer of coated fertilizer.
Friendly, the cheap natural materials of preferred ambient loses material as the slowly-releasing control of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer, is to break through the expensive key problem in technology of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer.
Innovation of fertilizer is the fundamental solution that solves China's fertilizer issues, and the technology that material is lost in the slowly-releasing control that utilizes in recent years natural materials, environment-friendly material to make slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer has larger breakthrough.
Patent of invention " Active earth and flocculating agent, Nitrogen fertilizer solidifying method by active soil, flocculant, adsorbent composite material and fertilizer " (number of patent application: 200610040631.1);
Patent of invention " circumstance friendly composite material and the application of control loss of nitrogen fertilizer " (number of patent application: 200610041235.0);
Patent of invention " low cost environment-friendly type nitrogenous fertilizer control mistake method and sustained-release fertilizer " (number of patent application: 200710020264.3);
Patent of invention " low cost environment-friendly type composite sustained-release fertilizer " (number of patent application: 200710022749.6);
Patent of invention " a kind of loss control nitrogenous fertilizer and production method thereof " (number of patent application: 200710302509.1);
Patent of invention " compound manure of nutrient field planting and preparation method thereof " (number of patent application: 200710025701.0);
Patent of invention " circumstance friendly composite material of control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer and preparation method, using method " (number of patent application: 200710026065.3).
Patent of invention " a kind of preparation method of chemical fertilizer nutrient controlled release agent " (number of patent application: 20010019508.0);
Patent of invention " organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof is lost in a kind of control " (number of patent application: 201110002202.6).
Above-mentioned patented technology all selects natural minerals-attapulgite clay as main body, forms fertilizer slow/controlled release material with chitosan, polyacrylamide starch etc.
Patent of invention " natural pumice loss-controlling organic compound fertilizer and production method thereof " (number of patent application: 201010232929.9).
Above-mentioned patented technology selects natural pumice and fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium to form loss-controlling organic compound fertilizer.
Patent of invention " the compound sustained-release fertilizer preparation method for material take flyash as raw material " (number of patent application: 201010581647.x).
Above-mentioned patented technology selects trade waste-flyash to make compound sustained-release fertilizer material with fertilizer, industrial plumbous oxide, polymerization oxidation ferro-aluminum, yellow soda ash mixing granulation after modification, it is characterized in that utilizing cheap discarded industrial waste.
China's oyster culture occupies first place in the world; oyster shells accounts for 60% of oyster quality; annual discarded oyster shells is at least more than 1,000,000 tons; a large amount of discarded oyster shellss are deposited in for a long time coastal bank and multiply a large amount of mosquitos and flies and produce unpleasant stench; not only Coastal environments are consisted of serious pollution, cause again the waste on the resource.
Shell is a kind of shell material that contains 90% above active bio calcium, and its physique is comprised of stratum corneum, prismatic layer, nacreous layer, and major portion is the prismatic layer of bladed structure.
The formation of shell is the process of mutually identifying between the organic and inorganic molecule, controls the formation of inorganic condensed state nano structural material by organic molecule.So there is abundant mutually crosslinked microvoid structure oyster shells inside, has very strong absorption and exchange capacity.
The organic molecule that forms oyster shells comprises protein, glycoprotein, polysaccharide, phosphatide etc.So also contain in the oyster shells and have bioactive glycosaminoglycan and characteristic albumen.
In view of above-mentioned feature, oyster shells is made powder, because the oyster shell powder particle surface is covered with abundant natural porous surface, have very strong adsorptive power, be the ideal carrier that material adheres to, this makes sorbing material for oyster shells is powder-modified condition is provided.
Utilize oyster shell powder to have good adsorptive power, the oyster shell powder modification is become the control of nitrogenous fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing lose material, become " giving up " into precious, both solve the region following the line of the sea and discarded in a large number the problem of environmental pollution that oyster shells brings, lose the efficient adsorption material that material provides a kind of environmental friendliness, cheapness for the control of nitrogenous fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing again, make oyster shells become real precious resources.
At present, at home with oyster shell powder as fertilizer sources sustained release dosage, or with the component of ostreae testa pulverata as microbe organic-inorganic fertilizer.
Patent of invention " prepares slow release fertilizer with oyster shells " (number of patent application: 200610122709.4) disclose with oyster shells through 200 ℃ ~ 250 ℃ activation treatment the composite slow release fertilizer of making of abrasive dust and chemical fertilizer.
Patent of invention " multielement fertilizer with marine organism calcium " (number of patent application: 201110128368.2) disclose the combinations such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium of, chemical fertilizer fertile by oyster shell powder, oyster shell whiting, fermentation fish meal, made multielement fertilizer with marine organism calcium through the microorganism species fermentation.
At home also with oyster shell powder as soil conditioner:
0213514.8), patent of invention " soil conditioner that contains marine organism " (number of patent application: 200710073773.2) disclose respectively the soil conditioner that forms with oyster shell powder, chitosan etc. patent of invention " take oyster shells as main soil conditioner " (number of patent application:.
Also utilize at home oyster shell powder and sodium cellulose glycolate, ammonium sulfate compositions of mixtures slow-release nitrogen fertilizer to study.
But, find at home the main body with the chitin modified modified oyster powder sorbent material of making of microwave-assisted, both developed fertilizer nutrient had been had slow release effect, again fertilizer nutrient is had the lost efficacy report of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control mistake material of fruit of control.
Summary of the invention
For shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method with Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit of the present invention loses material by the fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control that is re-dubbed through the chitin modified modified oyster powder sorbent material of making of microwave-assisted and the water-absorbing water-retaining agent that is comprised of humic acids, polyacrylamide, initiator.
By weight proportion 1:(5.0 ~ 6.5 of material and traditional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are lost in the control of the obtained fertilizer nutritive ingredient of the present invention slowly-releasing) proportioning, through mixing, grinding, granulation, make the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that material is lost in the slowly-releasing control that contains of particle diameter 1.5mm ~ 4.0mm.
With the obtained granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface spraying quick-dry type vegetables oil that contains slowly-releasing control mistake material of the present invention, form the slowly-releasing oil film with water stop function, make the Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit.
Core technology of the present invention is the manufacturing that material is lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing.
Material is lost in fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control of the present invention, is comprised of oyster shell powder, chitosan, humate, polyacrylamide, organic acid chelating titanium, carbamide peroxide.
Fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control of the present invention is lost the prescription of material and pressed oyster shell powder: chitosan: humate: polyacrylamide: organic acid chelating titanium: carbamide peroxide=100:(0.5 ~ 3.0): (5.0 ~ 10.0): (3.0 ~ 6.0): (0.05 ~ 0.15): the part by weight prescription of (0.05 ~ 0.15) forms;
The method steps of the chitin modified manufacturing modified oyster powder of microwave-assisted of the present invention sorbent material is as follows:
According to the oyster shell powder in the above-mentioned slowly-releasing control mistake material and the formula rate of chitosan, chitosan is made into the solution of chitosan-containing 0.5% ~ 1.0% concentration with the organic acid dissolving, with the composite plaster material of making hygrometric state of oyster shell powder, oyster shell powder soaks 60min ~ 180min in chitosan solution again;
Plaster material according to the hygrometric state of above-mentioned prescription, technique preparation, at microwave operational frequencies 2450MHz, microwave field irradiation 15min ~ 30min of microwave power 1 ~ 10KW makes oyster shell powder and chitosan radiation modification repeatedly in microwave field, makes chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material;
The preparation steps of humate of the present invention/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent is as follows:
Formula rate according to the organic acid chelating titanium in the above-mentioned slowly-releasing control mistake material with organic acid chelating titanium and the carbamide peroxide that contains 16% hydrogen peroxide, mixes with the ratio proportioning of carbamide peroxide 1:1 in organic acid chelating titanium;
The humic acids that loses in the material according to above-mentioned slowly-releasing control mixes composite, grinding with the formula rate of polyacrylamide, organic acid chelating titanium, carbamide peroxide mixture, the humic acids that above-mentioned prescription, technique are prepared with polyacrylamide, be the composite water-absorbing water-retaining agent of humate/polyacrylamide;
The composite step that material is lost in fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control of the present invention is as follows:
With the humate of the prepared chitin modified oyster shell powder of the present invention and gained of the present invention preparation/polyacrylamide water-absorbing-retaining material, lose the material prescription ratio in fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control of the present invention, mix composite, through being ground to 200 order powders, being the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient and losing material.
Composite fertilizer of the present invention is nitrogen, potassium, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium: ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer.
Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of the present invention and the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing are lost material by weight the proportioning of 6.0 ~ 8.0:1, make the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that material is lost in the slowly-releasing control that contains of particle diameter 1.5mm ~ 4.0mm through mixing, grinding, granulation.
Oyster shell powder of the present invention, it is a kind of shell material that contains 90% above active bio calcium, the formation of shell is to control inorganic condensed state nano structural material by organic molecule, and its inside is covered with mutually crosslinked microvoid structure, has very strong absorption and exchange capacity;
The biologically active substances such as multiple amino acids, polypeptide, glycosaminoglycan are also contained in oyster shell powder inside.
Chitosan of the present invention is oyster shell powder when the microwave-assisted modification used chitin modified dose, also is that sorbent material, sustained release dosage are lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient.
Chitosan is a kind of glycosaminoglycan, degradable, free of contamination natural biological macromolecular material.
Chitosan is the property-modifying additive of oyster shells powder, is again that sorbent material, sustained release dosage are lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient.
The activity that chitosan can reduce urase generation and inhibition urase delays the release of the effective constituent of nitrogen, so also be the synergistic agent of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Chitosan is a kind of novel plant-growth regulator simultaneously, can excite seed germination, promotes plant growth, increases output, improves quality;
Chitosan also is a kind of soil improvement agent, can change soil microorganisms district element, promotes actinomycetes and some other beneficial microorganism growths in the soil, suppresses the pathogenic bacteria Growth and reproduction in the soil;
Chitosan or Plant diseases resistance inductor can react by the inducing plant self-defence, produce the resistance of wide spectrum, suppress the growth of various plants pathogenic micro-organism.
Humate of the present invention be by oxidation and degradation of brown coal make take Xanthohumate as main fulvo acid salt, it is humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing-retaining material main component, the suction, the water-keeping material that are formed by the polymer organic colloid, be suction, the water-holding agent of the soil after slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material is used, sorbent material, sustained release dosage are lost in the control that also is slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material nutrient composition, and Xanthohumate is again complexing agent, stablizer, synergistic agent and the plant growth promoter of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element simultaneously;
Humic acids contains various active group (such as hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, methoxyl group etc.), so humic acids has wetting ability, cationic exchange, complex ability and adsorptive power etc.
Humic acids can be effectively with composite fertilizer in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element complexing, reach the effect of slowly-releasing, improve the utilization ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the activity of urase is had very strong inhibition ability.
Humic acids is again a kind of organic colloidal matter, can promote the formation of soil agreegate, helps to improve Soil structure, regulates the soil water, fertilizer, gas, thermal conditions.
Xanthohumic acid is again the broad spectrum plant-growth regulator, can reduce plant leaf surface pore opening degree, reduces moisture transpiration, improves farm crop to the anti-adversity ability of the physical environments such as arid.
Polyacrylamide of the present invention is non-ionic polyacrylamide, it is humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing-retaining material main component, the water-absorbing-retaining material that is formed by the polymer organic colloid, being the water-absorbing-retaining material of slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material, also is sorbent material, the sustained release dosage of slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material nutrient composition;
Polyacrylamide is a kind of linear water-soluble polymers, also is a kind of sustained release dosage of macromolecular material, particularly can work in coordination with chitosan, humic acids (xanthohumic acid) formation of control mistake, slowly-releasing, flocculation and promotion soil agreegate.
Organic acid chelating titanium of the present invention is citric acid chelating titanium, is the promotor of plant growth promoter and plant absorbing fertilizer, also is the stablizer of carbamide peroxide;
Titanium elements is described as " catalyzer of fertilizer ", and it can promote plant to the peanut of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other moderate-element, trace element forcefully.
Titanium elements or a kind of very effective non-hormone plant-growth regulator;
Titanium elements can also improve the photosynthesis of plant, increases the chlorophyll content in the plant leaf, improves the resistance of crop, and strengthening immunity is to the ability of the drought resisting of crop, waterlogging-resistant, cold-resistant, high temperature resistance, disease and insect resistance.
Carbamide peroxide of the present invention is the initiator of humic acids/polyacrylamide suction, water-keeping material.
Carbamide peroxide is the adducts of hydrogen peroxide and urea, has the active o content height, and water stability is high, slowly releases oxygen in the aqueous solution, is the initiator of the gentleness of humic acids and Polyacrylamide Grafted copolymerization.
Quick-dry type vegetables oil of the present invention is to have a good polymerization activity, excellent film-forming properties, and the film forming rate of drying is fast, and physical strength is high, strong adhesion, the quick-dry type tung oil of good corrosion resistance and good barrier to water.
Granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface spraying quick-dry type tung oil containing slowly-releasing control mistake material of the present invention, wrap up again the slowly-releasing oil film that one deck blocks water on the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface of containing slowly-releasing control mistake material, make the Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with slowly-releasing and control mistake double effects.
Characteristics of the present invention are to take full advantage of shellfish fishery products that ocean and rivers and lakes produce and the waste of crab shrimp shell crust, and the weathered coal in the discarded low value mineral products, brown coal are as the material of main part of core technology of the present invention, it is the example of turning waste into wealth, reduce the slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer cost, break through the bottle diameter of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer high price.
The material of main part that material is lost in slowly-releasing control of the present invention is to use the oyster shells powder, through the chitin modified modified oyster powder sorbent material of making of microwave-assisted;
Property-modifying additive-chitosan that the present invention is used for the modified oyster powder is the made natural glycosaminoglycan biomaterial of crab shrimp crust of taking from ocean, rivers and lakes;
Humic acids in humic acids of the present invention/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent is with the discarded made mineral resources humic acids (xanthohumic acid) of low value weathered coal, brown coal, makes with the Polyacrylamide Grafted copolymerization of cheapness again.
The present invention adopts the chitin modified oyster shells powder of microwave-assisted, chitosan is fully permeated in the micropore that is embedded in oyster shells powder granule interior, improved the adsorptive power of oyster shells powder, liquid chitosan is degraded to rapidly oligose under microwave radiation simultaneously, both improve the stability composite with humic acids, improved again its biological activity.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment, but be not limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
Synergistic type ammonium phosphorus potassium tri compound fertilizer manufacturing method with slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit:
1, material composition and prescription are lost in the slowly-releasing control:
Oyster shell powder: chitosan: humic acids: polyacrylamide: organic acid chelating titanium: the part by weight that carbamide peroxide is pressed 100:1.0:6.0:4.0:0.25:0.25 forms.
2, the chitin modified manufacturing modified oyster powder of microwave-assisted sorbent material:
The chitosan of 10kg is dissolved in contains in the 5% organic acid 1000kg aqueous solution, prepare the chitosan solution of 1.0% concentration.
The fineness of 1000kg 〉=100 purpose oyster shellss are soaked 60min in above-mentioned chitosan solution.
Above-mentioned oyster shell powder and chitosan solution mixture are placed the fluorinated ethylene propylene container in batches, at microwave operational frequencies 2450MHz, microwave field irradiation 15min ~ 30min of microwave power 10KW carries out modification to oyster shell powder repeatedly and drying and dewatering makes chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material.
3, the preparation of humic acids/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent:
60kg is contained the fulvo acid powder of xanthohumic acid and the polyacrylamide powder of 40kg mixes.
2.5kg organic acid chelating titanium and 2.5kg carbamide peroxide are mixed.
With organic acid chelating titanium-carbamide peroxide compounding substances, with equivalent substep hybrid system humic acids/polyacrylamide Mixture matter is mixed again.
4, the composite of material lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing:
Adopt equivalent substep hybrid system to mix chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material and the above-mentioned prepared 105kg humic acids/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent of above-mentioned prepared 1010kg, grind to form fineness 200 purpose fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing controls with pulverizer again and lose material.
5, have the composite of slowly-releasing control inefficacy Synergistic type ammonium phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium really:
Material and ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer are lost in the above-mentioned fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control that makes to be mixed composite by the part by weight of 1:6, the i.e. slowly-releasing control of the just above-mentioned 1000kg of making loses that material mixes with the powdery ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer of 6000kg, grinding, granulation, makes the particulate state ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that contains slowly-releasing control mistake material of particle diameter 2.0mm.
6, the multiple film of particulate state ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer is processed
The above-mentioned particulate state ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that contains slowly-releasing control mistake material that makes is placed in the rolling coating machine, start coating machine, make machine temperature rise to 60 ℃, when ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface temperature reaches 40 ℃, in the situation that particulate state ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer constantly rolls, drip the tung oil that contains the rosin siccative, make ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface cover the oil film of one deck tung oil.And urge the drier oil film namely to finish coating process with 70 ℃ ~ 80 ℃ hot blasts.
Embodiment two:
Synergistic type nitre phosphorus potassium tri compound fertilizer manufacturing method with slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit:
1, material composition and prescription are lost in the slowly-releasing control:
Oyster shell powder: chitosan: humic acids: polyacrylamide: organic acid chelating titanium: the part by weight that carbamide peroxide is pressed 100:1.5:8.0:5.0:0.30:0.30 forms.
2, the chitin modified manufacturing modified oyster powder of microwave-assisted sorbent material:
The chitosan of 15kg is dissolved in contains in the 5% organic acid 1500kg aqueous solution, prepare the chitosan solution of 1.0% concentration.
The fineness of 1000kg 〉=100 purpose oyster shellss are soaked 60min in above-mentioned chitosan solution.
Above-mentioned oyster shell powder and chitosan solution mixture are placed the fluorinated ethylene propylene container in batches, at microwave operational frequencies 2450MHz, microwave field irradiation 15min ~ 30min of microwave power 10KW carries out modification to oyster shell powder repeatedly and drying and dewatering makes chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material.
3, the preparation of humic acids/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent:
80kg is contained the fulvo acid powder of xanthohumic acid and the polyacrylamide powder of 50kg mixes.
3.0kg organic acid chelating titanium and 3.0kg carbamide peroxide are mixed.
With organic acid chelating titanium-carbamide peroxide compounding substances, with equivalent substep hybrid system humic acids/polyacrylamide Mixture matter is mixed again.
4, the composite of material lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing:
Adopt equivalent substep hybrid system to mix chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material and the above-mentioned prepared 136kg humic acids/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent of above-mentioned prepared 1015kg, grind to form fineness 200 purpose fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing controls with pulverizer again and lose material.
5, have the composite of slowly-releasing control inefficacy Synergistic type nitre phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium really:
Material is lost in the above-mentioned fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing control that makes to be mixed composite by the part by weight with nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer 1:8, the i.e. slowly-releasing control of the just above-mentioned 8000kg of making loses that material mixes with the powdery nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer of 6500kg, grinding, granulation, makes the particulate state nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that contains slowly-releasing control mistake material of particle diameter 2.0mm.
6, the multiple film of particulate state nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer is processed
The above-mentioned particulate state nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that contains slowly-releasing control mistake material that makes is placed in the rolling coating machine, start coating machine, make machine temperature rise to 60 ℃, when nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface temperature reaches 40 ℃, in the situation that particulate state nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer constantly rolls, drip the tung oil that contains the rosin siccative, make nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface coverage the oil film of one deck tung oil, and urge the drier oil film namely to finish coating process with 70 ℃ ~ 80 ℃ hot blasts.
More than be embodiments of the present invention, all similar changes of doing according to above-mentioned design ought to belong to the content that contains of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind has the lost efficacy manufacture method of Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of fruit of slowly-releasing control, it is characterized in that by through the chitin modified modified oyster powder sorbent material of making of microwave-assisted, by humic acids, polyacrylamide, the water-absorbing water-retaining agent that initiator forms, and by these the two doses fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing controls that are re-dubbed lose materials again with traditional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1:(5.0 ~ 6.5 by weight proportion) proportioning, through mixing, grind, granulation, make the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that material is lost in the slowly-releasing control that contains of particle diameter 1.5mm ~ 4.0mm, at last at the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface spraying quick-dry type vegetables oil that contains slowly-releasing control mistake material, formation has the slowly-releasing oil film of water stop function, makes the Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit.
2. a kind of manufacture method with Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of slowly-releasing control inefficacy fruit according to claim 1 is characterized in that described slowly-releasing control mistake material, makes according to the following steps:
(1) material composition and prescription are lost in the slowly-releasing control:
Described control is lost material by oyster shell powder: chitosan: humate: polyacrylamide: organic acid chelating titanium: carbamide peroxide is 100:(0.5 ~ 3.0 by weight proportion): (3.0 ~ 5.0): (2.5 ~ 4.0): (0.05 ~ 0.15): the ratio proportioning of (0.05 ~ 0.15) forms;
(2) method of the chitin modified manufacturing modified oyster powder of microwave-assisted sorbent material:
According to the oyster shell powder in the above-mentioned slowly-releasing control mistake material and the formula rate of chitosan, chitosan is made into the solution of chitosan-containing 0.5% ~ 1.0% concentration with the organic acid dissolving, with the composite plaster material of making hygrometric state of oyster shell powder, oyster shell powder soaks 60min ~ 180min in chitosan solution again;
Plaster material according to the hygrometric state of above-mentioned prescription, technique preparation, at microwave operational frequencies 2450MHz, microwave field irradiation 15min ~ 30min of microwave power 1 ~ 10KW makes oyster shell powder and chitosan radiation modification repeatedly in microwave field, makes chitin modified oyster shell powder sorbent material;
(3) preparation of humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent:
Formula rate according to the organic acid chelating titanium in the above-mentioned slowly-releasing control mistake material with organic acid chelating titanium and the carbamide peroxide that contains 16% hydrogen peroxide, mixes with the ratio proportioning of carbamide peroxide 1:1 in organic acid chelating titanium;
The humic acids that loses in the material according to above-mentioned slowly-releasing control mixes composite, grinding with the formula rate of polyacrylamide, organic acid chelating titanium, carbamide peroxide mixture, the humic acids that above-mentioned prescription, technique are prepared with polyacrylamide, be humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing water-retaining agent;
(4) the composite of material lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing:
With claim 2-(2) chitin modified oyster shell powder and the claim 2-(3 of preparation) humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing-retaining material prepared, by claim 2-(1) described formula rate, mix composite, through being ground to 200 order powders, being the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient and losing material.
3. a kind of lost efficacy manufacture method of Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of fruit of slowly-releasing control that has according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ammonium phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, nitre phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer;
Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient slowly-releasing are lost material by weight the proportioning of 5.0. ~ 6.5:1, through mixing, grinding, granulation, make the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer that material is lost in the slowly-releasing control that contains of particle diameter 1.5mm ~ 4.0mm.
4. a kind of lost efficacy manufacture method of Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of fruit of slowly-releasing control that has according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
(1) described ostreae testa pulverata, it is a kind of shell material that contains 90% above active bio calcium, the formation of shell is to control inorganic condensed state nano structural material by organic molecule, and its inside is covered with mutually crosslinked microvoid structure, has very strong absorption and exchange capacity;
The biologically active substances such as multiple amino acids, polypeptide, glycosaminoglycan are also contained in oyster shells inside;
(2) described chitosan is oyster shell powder when the microwave-assisted modification used chitin modified dose, also is that sorbent material, sustained release dosage are lost in the control of fertilizer nutritive ingredient;
(3) described humate be by oxidation and degradation of brown coal make take Xanthohumate as main fulvo acid salt, it is humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing-retaining material main component, the water-absorbing-retaining material that is formed by the polymer organic colloid, it is the water-absorbing water-retaining agent of the soil after slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material is used, sorbent material, sustained release dosage are lost in the control that also is the fertilizer nutritive ingredient, and Xanthohumate is again complexing agent, stablizer, synergistic agent and the plant growth promoter of nitrogen simultaneously;
(4) described polyacrylamide is non-ionic polyacrylamide, it is humate/polyacrylamide water-absorbing-retaining material main component, the water-absorbing-retaining material that is formed by the polymer organic colloid, being suction, the water-keeping material of slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material, also is sorbent material, the sustained release dosage of slowly-releasing sustained-release fertilizer material nutrient composition;
(5) described organic acid chelating titanium is citric acid chelating titanium, is the promotor of plant growth promoter and plant absorbing fertilizer, also is the stablizer of carbamide peroxide;
(6) described carbamide peroxide is the initiator of humic acids/polyacrylamide composite water absorbing, water-keeping material.
5. a kind of lost efficacy manufacture method of Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of fruit of slowly-releasing control that has according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described quick-dry type vegetables oil is to have good polymerization activity, excellent film-forming properties, the film forming rate of drying is fast, physical strength is high, strong adhesion, the quick-dry type tung oil of good corrosion resistance and good barrier to water.
6. a kind of lost efficacy manufacture method of Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of fruit of slowly-releasing control that has according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface spraying quick-dry type tung oil containing slowly-releasing control mistake material, wrap up again the slowly-releasing oil film that one deck blocks water on the granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer surface of containing slowly-releasing control mistake material, make the Synergistic type nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with slowly-releasing and control mistake double effects.
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| CN103951509A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-30 | 烟台众德集团有限公司 | Functional ecological potash fertilizer for agriculture and preparation method thereof |
| CN105061043A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Fertilizer synergistic additive with good moistureproof effect |
| CN105884477A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-08-24 | 扬州播金源农业科技发展有限公司 | Super absorbent resin-coated urea compound particle external layer coating slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN111548217A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-18 | 深圳市五谷网络科技有限公司 | Organic high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |