CN1194024C - 包括含聚硅氧烷的聚合物的化妆品和/或药物制剂及其用途 - Google Patents
包括含聚硅氧烷的聚合物的化妆品和/或药物制剂及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1194024C CN1194024C CNB008120994A CN00812099A CN1194024C CN 1194024 C CN1194024 C CN 1194024C CN B008120994 A CNB008120994 A CN B008120994A CN 00812099 A CN00812099 A CN 00812099A CN 1194024 C CN1194024 C CN 1194024C
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- luviflex
- silk
- ester
- ethanol
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- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930007790 rose oxide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010670 sage oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LOIYMIARKYCTBW-OWOJBTEDSA-N trans-urocanic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CNC=N1 LOIYMIARKYCTBW-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940030300 trolamine salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940120293 vaginal suppository Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006216 vaginal suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及包括含水溶性或水分散性聚硅氧烷的聚合物和其他聚合物和/或防UV光过滤物的化妆品和/或药物制剂。本发明还涉及这些制剂的用途,和含聚硅氧烷的聚合物的用途。
Description
本发明涉及包括含有水溶性或水分散性聚硅氧烷的聚合物和其他聚合物和/或防UV光过滤物(filter)的化妆品和/或药物制剂。本发明还涉及这些制剂的用途,和含聚硅氧烷的加聚物的用途。
具有成膜性能的聚合物被用于化妆品和/或药物制剂中,且特别适合作为头发和皮肤化妆品的添加剂。
在用于皮肤的化妆品制剂中,聚合物可显示特殊活性。这些聚合物尤其有助于皮肤保湿和调节,并改进皮肤感觉。皮肤变得更光滑和更柔软。
在用于头发的化妆品制剂中,将聚合物用于定型、成型和改进头发的结构。它们提高可梳理性并改进头发的感觉。这些头发处理组合物通常包括成膜剂在醇或醇与水的混合物中的溶液。
对头发处理组合物的一个要求是它们尤其赋予头发光泽、柔韧性和自然活泼感觉。
已知使用乙烯基内酰胺均聚和共聚物或含羧酸酯的聚合物。所需的性能特征,如在高大气湿度下的强定型性、弹性、能够从头发上洗掉和与其它配料组分的相容性,通过共聚疏水、弹性化和含羧基的单体的混合物实现。
然而,使用这些聚合物的发型定型感觉令人不快地粗糙且不自然。尽管加入软化剂可改进此发型的感觉,但同时降低了定型作用。
通常使用聚硅氧烷,尽管这些聚硅氧烷与极性聚合物不相容,因此为使其能够完全配制通常需要其他添加剂。在配料贮存和使用期间会出现分离问题。
为防止分离,因此一直尝试将聚硅氧烷基团与聚合物共价结合。EP-A 408 311描述了具有其上键合聚二甲基硅氧烷侧链的碳主链的接枝共聚物。仅描述了用带有聚硅氧烷链的不饱和单体制备的聚合物。未描述具有其上键合聚二甲基硅氧烷侧链的碳主链的接枝共聚物。
EP-A 670 342描述了将烷氧基化聚硅氧烷用于头发护理组合物中。未公开在头发护理组合物中使用不饱和化合物的加聚物。尽管将烷氧基化聚硅氧烷用作市购头发定型聚合物的添加剂的确改进了其感觉,但同时导致定型作用降低。
欧洲专利EP-A 412 704和EP-A 412 707描述了摩尔质量为1000至50,000的大分子单体形式的聚硅氧烷基团,将其与惯用的疏水和亲水单体聚合。合成这些单体特别复杂。因其高分子量,因此基本上不可能从聚合物中分离出未反应的单体及其非反应性杂质。这些代表了毒性和变应原性危险。此外,为获得良好的作用,获得的共聚物通常必须只与其他聚合物、载体和其他助剂组合配制,如上述专利教导的。
DE 42 40 108公开了适合作为防污涂料,特别是作为抗涂画涂料的含聚硅氧烷粘合剂。然而,这些粘合剂类似于清漆且不适合化妆品目的。
WO 99/04750描述了可通过在含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物存在下自由基聚合烯属不饱和单体获得的聚合物。
本发明提供可通过自由基聚合(a)烯属不饱和单体和(b)含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物的单体混合物获得的加聚物在药物制剂中的用途。
因各种原因,将固体药物制剂如片剂、胶囊、丸剂、颗粒、晶体等用膜包衣包覆,即设置膜包衣。可按此方式掩盖令人讨厌的气味或味道,并改进可吞咽性。活性组分的稳定性可通过包衣提高,原因在于很少有水蒸汽和氧气传入片剂内。这些制剂具有较好的外观并可通过加入染料更好地区别。此外,活性组分的释放速率特别可通过膜包衣调节。
区别通常在于即释(Instant-Release)剂型和缓释剂型之间。
对于即释剂型,片剂崩解和活性组分从制剂中释放可能的话应不受包衣影响,因此原因膜包衣必须快速溶于胃液中。此外,必须具有良好的膜性能。拉伸强度和断裂伸长率应高,这样膜包衣可承受在例如药物加工-尤其是包装-以及运输或贮存期间产生的机械作用。
常用于即释片剂包衣的产品为羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)。羟丙基甲基纤维素随着在水溶液中浓度升高呈现粘度急剧升高。羟丙基纤维素(HPC)也呈现类似的行为。
由于必须将成膜剂溶液在片剂包覆期间微细雾化,并且形成的液滴必须使片剂表面彻底润湿,同时必须充分展开,粘度必须不超过一定范围(在150至250mPas之间),取决于喷嘴类型和装置。因此,对于HPMC仅可使用较低的成膜剂浓度。
文献中推荐的Pharmacoat 606(Shin-etsu)的浓度为5至7wt%(《药物包覆技术》,Graham Cole编著,Taylor and Francis Ltd.1995,和制造商的技术数据手册)。这些低喷雾浓度导致较长的加工时间和因此导致高成本。
此外,羟丙基甲基纤维素尤其在润湿性能、在片剂表面上的粘结性、颜料结合能力、薄膜机械性能、吸湿性、对水蒸汽和氧气的透过性、溶解速率和包膜片剂与芯之间的崩解时间差方面存在其它缺点。
由羟丙基甲基纤维素制备的薄膜的低弹性常常导致包膜片剂在贮存期间在潮湿条件下裂开,结果使芯溶胀。对于此问题,甚至使用增塑剂也只会导致微不足道的改进。相反,它会导致薄膜发粘,并且由于迁移,导致片剂性能变化。
为延长活性组分的效果使药物在长时间内释放的口服药物形式(通常为缓释药物形式)变得越来越重要。它们的有利之处在于由于服用频率低因此改进了病人的顺应性;由于避免了血浆峰值而降低了副作用;药物的血液浓度更均匀并避免了局部刺激。除了配制用经其扩散药物的水不溶但半渗透或含孔的膜包衣的含药物芯外,通过将药物埋入基体中可控制并延迟释放。此外,可使用离子交换树脂和治疗体系(例如OROS)。
将药物埋入水胶体基体中特别提供的优点是:简单且低成本制造方法,和高程度的药物安全性(原因在于不会产生剂量倾泻作用)。通常用于此目的的助剂如羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟丙基纤维素、藻酸或藻酸盐和黄原胶在使用时存在缺点。可提及的那些缺点是妨碍直接压片的不足流动性能,药物释放对克分子渗透压浓度(盐含量)和释放介质的pH的依赖性。这同样适用于HPMC、羟丙基纤维素、黄原胶和藻酸盐。使用黄原胶还会导致低硬度片剂,并且藻酸盐直接压片导致仅具有轻微缓释性能(最长8小时)的压块。天然溶胀物质(例如藻酸盐)显示各批料之间的宽变化性。
将粘结剂用于药物制剂中提高可加工性和机械强度。通常将它们用于片剂、颗粒和丸剂中,并获得改进的流动性、较高的断裂强度和较低的脆性。
目前使用的粘结剂如麦芽糖糊精或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮常常导致不令人满意的断裂强度和脆性。其它粘结剂如淀粉糊和羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)因其高粘度仅可以低浓度使用。
此外,将成膜助剂以溶液和喷雾液形式使用,将其涂于皮肤或粘膜上或全身引入体内。其例子是用于伤口治疗和喷涂敷料的制剂,以及涂于完整皮肤或粘膜上的制剂。这里,皮肤被薄膜保护,并且活性成分可渗透入皮肤。
对于透皮治疗体系和对于创伤石膏,与上述制剂类似,需要高柔韧性,但目前获得的产品无此性能。为获得所需的柔韧性而使用可能的增塑剂,从毒性和药理学考虑是不理想的。
本发明的一个目的是提供用作药物制剂中的包衣剂、粘结剂和/或成膜剂且不具有上述缺点的水溶性或水分散性聚合物。
我们已令人吃惊地发现,本发明的加聚物适用于药物制剂。
它们特别适合用作药物制剂中的包衣剂、粘结剂和/或成膜剂。它们尤其适合在口服药物制剂中用作释放活性组分的基体。
本发明的聚合物可用于大量药物制剂中。
例如,作为包衣制剂,可提及包膜片剂、包膜微片剂、糖衣片剂、包衣锭剂、胶囊剂、晶体、颗粒或丸剂。
含粘结剂的制剂为例如片剂,微片剂,芯,颗粒或丸剂。
此外,本发明的聚合物可用于制备涂于皮肤或粘膜上而成膜的溶液和喷雾液。由于巨大的可延伸性和粘结性,该薄膜与皮肤或粘膜长时间粘附。因此可将降低施涂频率,并提高穿戴舒适性。其例子是用于伤口的喷雾敷料、消毒喷雾剂、含制霉菌剂的溶液、含抗生素的口喷雾剂或溶液等。因其柔韧性,在透皮治疗体系中的应用也是有利的。
用于本发明的聚合物容易使亲油表面润湿并具有优良的保护胶体性能。当加入悬浮液和乳液中时,它们本身与分散相的颗粒粘附并使其稳定。因此它们可在分散体系中用作润湿助剂和稳定剂。
通过与微溶于水的药物相互作用,它们改进了所述物质的溶解性和溶解速率,因此改进了药物的吸收性和生物利用率。此有利效果在其中活性组分不为溶解形式的制剂如片剂、颗粒、悬浮液等中是明显的。
可将用于本发明的聚合物(若合适还混有其它助剂)与活性组分一起加工,得到聚合物/活性组分熔体,将其挤出或压延得到药物,或在挤出后粉碎得到颗粒或粉末,然后仅加工得到药物形式,例如压制得到片剂。这里,本发明的聚合物将上面已列出的性能带入制剂中。
在各种药物制剂中,本发明的聚合物以良好方式满足如下功能:
分散助剂、悬浮助剂、润湿剂、微溶药物的加溶剂、乳化剂、结晶抑制剂、抗结块助剂、保护胶体、延长并增强与粘膜接触的生物粘合剂、涂布助剂、粘度调节剂、用于制备含药物的固体溶液的助剂、用于调节缓释配料中的活性组分释放的助剂。
在水中不溶或仅微溶但可分散的本发明聚合物也可用作缓释聚合物和用作活性成分硬膏的粘结剂。
当用于制备栓剂和阴道栓时,这些聚合物一方面确保制剂的柔韧性,另一方面促进活性成份崩解和溶解,并且它们用增强吸收的含活性成分的薄膜包衣粘膜。
片剂溶胀至不同程度,取决于使用的助剂和活性成份、贮存时间和贮存条件如温度和湿度。硬膜包衣在芯溶胀期间出现龟裂。因此,成膜剂的弹性是一个重要参数。
可将聚合物以纯形式或与常规助剂一起涂于含活性成份的芯上。常规助剂的例子是用于着色的彩色颜料,用于增加覆盖率的白色颜料如二氧化钛,作为不粘试剂的滑石和二氧化硅,作为增塑剂的聚乙二醇、甘油、丙二醇、甘油三乙酸酯、柠檬酸三乙酯,和用于改进润湿性的各种表面活性物质如月桂基硫酸钠、聚山梨酸酯80、Pluronics和Cremophores。作为例子给出的这些物质不代表限制。
可以使用适合可溶于胃液的膜包衣的所有已知添加剂。
可使用的包衣方法为惯用的方法,如在流化床或水平转鼓涂布机中包衣,浸涂方法和盘涂法。除了在片剂上使用外,本发明的聚合物还可用于包衣其它药物制剂,如颗粒、丸剂、晶体或胶囊。将本发明包衣剂按常规方式以5至200μm,优选10至100μm的厚度施涂。
当用作粘结剂时,根据加工方法,湿与干粘结剂之间存在区别。后者尤其用于直接压片及干造粒和压缩。这里将粘结剂与活性成份和非必要的其他助剂混合,然后直接压片,或造粒和压缩。
相反,在湿造粒中,将活性成份/助剂混合物用粘结剂在水或有机溶剂中的溶液润湿,并将润湿的物料过筛,然后干燥。润湿和干燥也可在例如流化床造粒中平行进行。
为优化加工,粘结剂在溶液中应具有低粘度,因为粘稠溶液导致不均匀颗粒。
粘结剂应得到均匀的硬质耐磨颗粒或片剂。特别对于片剂,断裂强度尤其重要,因为很多活性成份难以压制,因此使片剂机械稳定性不足。
此外,药物制剂崩解和活性成份的释放速率应明显受粘结剂不利影响。
最常见的粘结剂是例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,乙酸乙烯酯/乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物,明胶,淀粉糊,麦芽糖糊精,羟烷基化或羧烷基化纤维素衍生物如羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠,和天然胶类型如阿拉伯树胶、果胶或藻酸盐。
这些粘结剂中的很多在溶液中具有高粘度,因此难以加工。由于高粘度,因此要造粒的粉末颗粒不良且不均匀润湿,导致颗粒强度太低和颗粒尺寸分布不利。
此外,很多粘结剂为吸湿的并吸收水后溶胀。这会显著改变颗粒和片剂的性能。
已令人吃惊地发现,本发明的聚合物具有作为粘结剂的优良效果,并且在浓度为0.5至20wt%,优选1至10wt%(按配料总重量计)时对崩解具有很小的影响。此外,由于其良好的润湿性能,可以改进微溶活性成份的释放。
当这些聚合物用作粘结剂时,所得颗粒和片剂具有突出的机械稳定性,并且在长时间贮存中同样稳定。
本发明的另一目的是提供一些新的制剂类型,这些制剂尤其可改进头发护理和皮肤护理。
其中特别感兴趣的还在于提供具有改进的成膜性的制剂。这对于药物制剂和化妆品制剂,例如特别是防紫外线剂和装饰性化妆品都是感兴趣的。这里首先试图获得可在无严格限制下配制的贮存稳定的制剂,其次需要提高药物和/或化妆品成份的效果。
特别是,要改进头发护理组合物的性能。
我们已发现,这些目的通过包括至少一种可通过在含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷存在下自由基聚合烯属不饱和单体的单体混合物获得的聚合物和另一聚合物的制剂实现。
本发明提供包括这些聚合物和另一聚合物的制剂,该另一聚合物选自:
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;
聚乙烯己内酰胺;
聚氨酯;
丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、辛基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸丁氨基乙酯与甲基丙烯酸羟丙基酯的共聚物;
丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸的共聚物;
丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸的共聚物;
N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸乙酯和丙烯酸的共聚物;
乙酸乙烯酯和巴豆酸和/或新癸酸(乙烯基)酯的共聚物;
乙酸乙烯酯和/或丙酸乙烯酯和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物。
我们已令人吃惊地发现,包括该聚合物与这些其它聚合物的制剂具有意想不到的性能。本发明的制剂,特别就其皮肤护理和头发护理性能而言,优于现有技术的制剂。此外它们具有非常良好的成膜性能和定型性能。
丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸的共聚物(INCI名称:丙烯酸酯共聚物)例如可以商品名LuvimerTM 100 P、LuvimerTM 36D、LuvimerTM 30 E(BASF)市购。
丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸的共聚物(INCI名称:丙烯酸酯共聚物)例如可以商品名LuviflexTM Soft(BASF)市购。
N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸乙酯和丙烯酸的共聚物(INCI名称:丙烯酸酯/丙烯酰胺共聚物)例如可以商品名Ultrahold StrongTM、Ultrahold 8TM(BASF)市购。
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(INCI名称:PVP)例如可以商品名Luviskol KTM、Luviskol K 30TM(BASF)和PVP K(ISP)市购。
聚乙烯己内酰胺(INCI:聚乙烯己内酰胺)例如可以商品名Luviskol PlusTM(BASF)市购。
乙酸乙烯酯和巴豆酸的共聚物(INCI:VA/巴豆酸酯/共聚物)例如可以商品名Luviset CA 66TM(BASF)、ResynTM 28-1310(NationalStarch)和AristoflexTM A(Celanese)市购。
乙酸乙烯酯、巴豆酸和新癸酸(乙烯基)酯的共聚物(INCI:VA/巴豆酸酯/新癸酸酯共聚物)例如可以商品名ResynTM 28-2930(National Starch)和LuvisetTM CAN(BASF)市购。
乙酸乙烯酯和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物(INCI:PVP/VA)例如可以商品名Luviskol VATM(BASF)和PVP/VA(ISP)市购。
聚氨酯(INCI:聚氨酯-1)例如可以商品名LuvisetTM PUR市购。
丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、辛基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸丁氨基乙酯与甲基丙烯酸羟丙基酯的共聚物(INCI:辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯/甲基丙烯酸丁氨基乙酯共聚物)例如以商品名AmphomerTM 28-4910和AmphomerTM LV-71(National Starch)市购。
特别优选的另一聚合物是含乙酸乙烯酯的那些共聚物。
本发明进一步涉及这些制剂在化妆品和/或药物制剂中的用途。
本发明还提供包括本发明聚合物和至少一种防UV光过滤物的制剂,涉及其在化妆品和/或药物制剂中的用途。
用于化妆品和药物制剂中的防光过滤物防止或至少减少太阳光对人皮肤的有害影响的程度。此外,这些防光过滤物还起到防止其成份被UV照射分解或降解的作用。在头发化妆品配料中,目的是防止角蛋白纤维被UV射线破坏。
达到地球表面的太阳光具有一定比例的直接接近可见光区的UV-B射线(280至320nm)和UV-A射线(>320nm)。对人皮肤的影响特别在UV-B射线下由晒斑得到证实。
太阳光的红斑活性最大值在308nm周围的较窄区域给出。
为防止UVB射线,已知很多化合物;这些化合物尤其为3-亚苄基樟脑、4-氨基苯甲酸、肉桂酸、水杨酸、二苯甲酮和2-苯基苯并咪唑的衍生物。
对于约320nm至约400nm之间的区域(UVA区),也重要的是具有可获得的过滤物,因为该区域的射线可在光敏性皮肤下引发反应。已发现,UVA射线导致结缔组织的弹性和胶原纤维损害,如此导致皮肤过早老化,并且认为造成多种光毒性和光过敏反应。UVB射线的有害效果可通过UVA射线增强。
尽管现有技术中已知很多含防UV光过滤物的制剂,但仍然需要涉及如下性能的改进制剂:配料的稳定性、防UV光过滤物的稳定性、达到与最低可能的防UV光过滤物浓度匹配的最大可能的防光因子。现有技术的制剂特别具有防UV光过滤物与皮肤和头发不令人满意的粘附。
这意味着不能确保皮肤和头发的长时间保护。因此一个目的是提供不具有所述缺点的制剂。此外,应可以毫无问题地将制剂加入惯用配料中。
这些目的通过包括如下组分的制剂实现:
-可通过自由基聚合如下单体的单体混合物获得的聚合物
(a)烯属不饱和单体
(b)含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物
-防UV光过滤物。
可使用的防UV光过滤物为油溶性有机UV-A过滤物和/或UV-B过滤物和/或水溶性有机UV-A过滤物和/或UV-B过滤物。防UV光过滤物的总量通常为0.1至30wt%,优选0.5至15wt%,特别是1至10wt%,按制剂的总重量计。
防UV光过滤物有利地按这样的方式选取:即这些制剂在整个紫外辐射范围内保护皮肤。
其例子是:
序号 | 物质 | CAS No.(=酸) |
1 | 4-氨基苯甲酸 | 150-13-0 |
2 | 3-(4′-三甲基铵)亚苄基莰烷-2-酮甲基硫酸盐 | 52793-97-2 |
3 | 水杨酸3,3,5-三甲基环己基酯(Homosalatum) | 118-56-9 |
4 | 2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮(Oxybenzonum) | 131-57-7 |
5 | 2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸及其钾、钠和三乙醇胺盐 | 27503-81-7 |
6 | 3,3′-(1,4-亚苯基二次甲基)双(7,7-二甲基-2-氧代双环[2.2.1]庚烷-1-甲磺酸)及其盐 | 90457-82-2 |
7 | 4-双(多乙氧基)氨基苯甲酸多乙氧基乙酯 | 113010-52-9 |
8 | 4-二甲氨基苯甲酸2-乙基己酯 | 21245-02-3 |
9 | 水杨酸2-乙基己酯 | 118-60-5 |
10 | 4-甲氧基肉桂酸4-异戊基酯 | 71617-10-2 |
11 | 4-甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙基己酯 | 5466-77-3 |
12 | 2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸(Sulisobenzonum)及其钠盐 | 4065-45-6 |
13 | 3-(4′-磺基)亚苄基莰烷-2-酮及其盐 | 58030-58-6 |
14 | 3-亚苄基莰烷-2-酮 | 16087-24-8 |
15 | 1-(4′-异丙基苯基)-3-苯基丙烷-1,3-二酮 | 63260-25-9 |
16 | 水杨酸4-异丙基苄基酯 | 94134-93-7 |
17 | 2,4,6-三苯胺基(邻-羰-2′-乙基己基-1′-氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪 | 88122-99-0 |
18 | 3-咪唑-4-基丙烯酸及其乙酯 | 104-98-3 |
19 | 邻氨基苯甲酸基酯或:5-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)-2-氨基苯甲酸酯 | 134-09-8 |
20 | 对氨基苯甲酸甘油酯或:4-氨基苯甲酸1-甘油酯 | 136-44-7 |
21 | 2,2′-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮(Dioxybenzone) | 131-53-3 |
22 | 2-羟基-4-甲氧基-4-甲基二苯甲酮(Mexenon) | 1641-17-4 |
23 | 三乙醇胺水杨酸盐 | 2174-16-5 |
24 | 二甲氧基苯基乙醛酸或:3,4-二甲氧基苯基乙醛酸钠 | 4732-70-1 |
25 | 3-(4′-磺基)亚苄基莰烷-2-酮及其盐 | 56039-58-8 |
26 | 2,2′,4,4′-四羟基二苯甲酮 | 131-55-5 |
27 | 2,2′-亚甲基双[6(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚] | 103597-45-1 |
28 | 2,2′-(1,4-亚苯基)双-1H-苯并咪唑-4,6-二磺酸,Na盐 | 180898-37-7 |
29 | 2,4-双[4-(2-乙基己氧基)-2-羟基]苯基-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-(1,3,5)三嗪 | 187393-00-6 |
30 | 3-(4-甲基亚苄基)樟脑 | 36861-47-9 |
31 | 4-双(多乙氧基)对氨基苯甲酸多乙氧基乙酯 | 113010-52-9 |
32 | 2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮 | 131-56-6 |
33 | 2,2′-二羟基-4,4′-二甲氧基二苯甲酮-5,5′-磺酸二钠 | 3121-60-6 |
其它可结合的防光剂尤其为如下化合物:
上述可与本发明的加聚物并用的防UV光过滤物当然不是限制性的。
本发明进一步提供这些制剂在化妆品和/或药物制剂中的用途。聚合物
合适的可聚合单体(a)是烯属不饱和单体。对此,可使用单一单体或两种或多种单体的混合物。
可通过自由基引发反应聚合的单体是优选的。术语烯属不饱和单体是指单体具有至少一个可单-、二-、三-或四取代的可聚合碳-碳双键。
烯属不饱和单体(a)可通过如下通式描述:
X-C(O)CR7=CHR6
其中:
X选自-OH、-OM、-OR8、NH2、-NHR8、N(R8)2;
M为选自Na+、K+、Mg++、Ca++、Zn++、NH4 +、烷基铵、二烷基铵、三烷基铵和四烷基铵的阳离子;
基团R8可为选自-H、C1-C40直链或支链烷基、N,N-二甲氨基乙基、2-羟乙基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、羟丙基、甲氧基丙基或乙氧基丙基的相同或不同基团;
R7和R6相互独立地选自-H、C1-C8直链或支链烷基、甲氧基、乙氧基、2-羟基乙氧基、2-甲氧基乙氧基和2-乙氧基乙基。
合适的单体(a)的代表性但非限制性例子是例如丙烯酸及其盐、酯和酰胺。这些盐可衍生自任何所需的无毒金属、铵或取代铵抗衡离子。
酯可衍生自C1-C40直链、C3-C40支链或C3-C40碳环醇,衍生自具有2至约8个羟基的多官能醇如乙二醇、己二醇、甘油和1,2,6-己三醇,衍生自氨基醇或醇醚如甲氧基乙醇和乙氧基乙醇或聚乙二醇。
同样合适的是通式(II)的丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的N,N-二烷基氨烷基酯及N-二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺
其中R9=H、具有1至8个碳原子的烷基,
R10=H、甲基,
R11=具有1至24个碳原子的任选被烷基取代的亚烷基,
R12、R13=C1-C40烷基,
Z=氮,其中x=1;或氧,其中x=0
酰胺可为未取代的,N-烷基-或N-烷基氨基单取代的,或N,N-二烷基取代的或N,N-二烷基氨基二取代的,其中烷基或烷氨基衍生自C1-C40直链、C3-C40支链或C3-C40碳环单元。此外,烷氨基可被季铵化。
通式II的优选单体为(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙氨基甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙氨基乙酯。
可使用的其他单体(a)是取代的丙烯酸及其盐、酯和酰胺,其中在碳原子上的取代基处于丙烯酸的二位或三位,并且相互独立地选自C1-C4烷基,-CN,COOH,特别优选甲基丙烯酸,乙基丙烯酸和3-氰基丙烯酸。这些取代丙烯酸的这些盐、酯和酰胺可选自上述丙烯酸的盐、酯和酰胺。
其它合适的单体(a)为C1-C40直链、C3-C40支链或C3-C40碳环羧酸的乙烯基酯和烯丙基酯(例如乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、新壬酸乙烯酯、新十一烷酸乙烯酯或叔丁基苯甲酸乙烯酯);乙烯基或烯丙基卤化物,优选氯乙烯和烯丙基氯,乙烯基醚,优选甲基、乙基、丁基或十二烷基乙烯基醚,乙烯基甲酰胺,乙烯基甲基乙酰胺,乙烯基胺;乙烯基内酰胺,优选乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基己内酰胺,乙烯基-或烯丙基取代的杂环化合物,优选乙烯基吡啶,乙烯基噁唑啉和烯丙基吡啶。
同样合适的是通式III的N-乙烯基咪唑,其中R14至R16相互独立地为氢、C1-C4-烷基或苯基:
其他合适的单体(a)是通式(IV)的二烯丙基胺:
其中R17=C1-C24-烷基
其他合适的单体(a)是偏二氯乙烯;和具有至少一个碳-碳双键的烃,优选苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、叔丁基苯乙烯,丁二烯、异戊二烯、环己二烯、乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、2-丁烯、异丁烯、乙烯基甲苯及这些单体的混合物。
特别合适的单体(a)是丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁基酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸癸酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸癸酯、乙基丙烯酸甲酯、乙基丙烯酸乙酯、乙基丙烯酸正丁酯、乙基丙烯酸异丁酯、乙基丙烯酸叔丁酯、乙基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、乙基丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸2,3-二羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2,3-二羟基丙酯、丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、乙基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、乙基丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯、乙基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟基丙酯、单丙烯酸甘油酯、单甲基丙烯酸甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸聚亚烷基二醇酯,不饱和磺酸如丙烯酰氨基丙磺酸;
丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、乙基丙烯酰胺、N-甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N-乙基丙烯酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、N-丁基丙烯酰胺、N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺、N-辛基丙烯酰胺、N-叔辛基丙烯酰胺、N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺、N-苯基丙烯酰胺、N-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-十二烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、1-乙烯基咪唑、1-乙烯基-2-甲基咪唑、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基甲基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙氨基甲基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙氨基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二乙氨基丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基己基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基辛基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基十二烷基酯、N-[3-(二甲氨基)丙基]甲基丙烯酰胺、N-[3-(二甲氨基)丙基]丙烯酰胺、N-[3-(二甲氨基)丁基]甲基丙烯酰胺、N-[8-(二甲氨基)辛基]甲基丙烯酰胺、N-[12-(二甲氨基)十二烷基]甲基丙烯酰胺、N-[3-(二乙氨基)丙基]甲基丙烯酰胺、N-[3-(二乙氨基)丙基]丙烯酰胺;
马来酸、富马酸、马来酸酐及其单酯、巴豆酸、衣康酸、二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵、乙烯基醚(例如甲基、乙基、丁基或十二烷基乙烯基醚)、乙烯基甲酰胺、乙烯基甲基乙酰胺、乙烯基胺;甲基乙烯基酮、马来酰亚胺、乙烯基吡啶、乙烯基咪唑、乙烯基呋喃、苯乙烯、苯乙烯磺酸酯、烯丙基醇及其混合物。
其中特别优选丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸、富马酸、巴豆酸、马来酸酐及其单酯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺、N-辛基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯、丙烯酸羟丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸亚烷基二醇酯、不饱和磺酸如丙烯酰氨基丙磺酸、乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯基己内酰胺、乙烯基醚(例如甲基、乙基、丁基或十二烷基乙烯基醚)、乙烯基甲酰胺、乙烯基甲基乙酰胺、乙烯基胺、1-乙烯基咪唑、1-乙烯基-2-甲基咪唑、甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基甲酯和N-[3-(二甲氨基)丙基]甲基丙烯酰胺;氯化3-甲基-1-乙烯基咪唑鎓,3-甲基-1-乙烯基咪唑鎓甲基硫酸盐,甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯,用氯甲烷、硫酸甲酯或硫酸二乙基酯季铵化的N-[3-(二甲氨基)丙基]甲基丙烯酰胺。
在非常特别优选的实施方案中,使用的单体(a)为丙烯酸叔丁基酯(=a1)和甲基丙烯酸(=a2)。
含碱性氮原子的单体这里可按如下方式季铵化:
为使胺季铵化,在烷基中具有1至24个碳原子的烷基卤化物如氯甲烷、溴甲烷、碘甲烷、氯乙烷、溴乙烷、氯丙烷、氯己烷、氯代十二烷、月桂基氯,和苄基卤化物,特别是苄基氯和苄基溴是合适的。其他合适的季铵化试剂是硫酸二烷基酯,特别是硫酸二甲酯或硫酸二乙酯。碱性胺的季铵化也可用烯化氧如环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷在酸存在下进行。优选的季铵化试剂是氯甲烷、硫酸二甲酯或硫酸二乙酯。
在优选的实施方案中,使用的单体(a)为(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
季铵化可在聚合前或聚合后进行。
此外,可使用不饱和酸如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸与通式(V)的季铵化表氯醇的反应产物(R18=C1至C40烷基)。
其例子是(甲基)丙烯酰氧基羟丙基三甲基氯化铵和(甲基)丙烯酰氧基羟丙基三乙基氯化铵。
碱性单体也可通过将其用无机酸如硫酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸或硝酸,或用有机酸如甲酸、乙酸、乳酸或柠檬酸中和而阳离子化。
除了上述单体外,还可以使用大分子单体如含一个或多个可自由基聚合基团的含聚硅氧烷大分子单体,或烷基噁唑啉大分子单体作为单体,如EP 408 311中描述的。
此外,还可以组合或单独使用含氟单体(如EP558423中描述的),或具有交联作用或调节分子量的化合物。
可使用的调节剂是本领域熟练技术人员惯用的化合物,如硫化合物(例如巯基乙醇、巯基乙酸2-乙基己酯、巯基乙酸或十二烷基硫醇),和三溴氯甲烷或对所得加聚物的分子量具有调节作用的其它化合物。若合适,还可以使用含硫醇的聚硅氧烷化合物。优选使用无聚硅氧烷调节剂。
可使用的交联单体是具有至少两个烯属不饱和双键的化合物,如烯属不饱和羧酸如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸与多元醇的酯,至少一种二元醇的醚如乙烯基醚或烯丙基醚。同样合适的是具有至少两个双键的直链或支链、线性或环状脂族或芳族烃,其中对于脂族烃必须不共轭。丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的酰胺以及至少一种二官能胺的N-烯丙基胺如1,2-二氨基乙烷和1,3-二氨基丙烷也是合适的。同样合适的是三烯丙基胺或相应的铵盐、N-乙烯基化合物或脲衍生物、至少一种双官能酰胺、氰脲酸酯或氨基甲酸酯(Urethanen)。其它合适的交联剂是二乙烯基二噁烷、四烯丙基硅烷或四乙烯基硅烷。
特别优选的交联剂是例如亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、三烯丙基胺和三烯丙基铵盐、二乙烯基咪唑、N,N′-二乙烯基亚乙基脲、多元醇与丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的反应产物、聚烯化氧或已与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷和/或表氯醇反应的多元醇的甲基丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯。
本发明的单体(a),若含有可离子化的基团,则在聚合前或聚合后用酸或碱部分或完全中和,以便例如将水溶性或水分散性调节至所需的水平。
可使用的用于带酸基的单体的中和剂为例如无机碱如碳酸钠、碱金属氢氧化物和氨,有机碱如氨基醇,具体为2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、三[(2-羟基)-1-丙基]胺、2-氨基-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2-氨基-2-羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇和二胺如赖氨酸。
可使用的用于带可阳离子化基团的单体的中和剂是例如无机酸如盐酸、硫酸或磷酸,和有机酸如羧酸、乳酸、柠檬酸等。
特别合适的含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物(b)是含有如下结构单元的那些:
其中:
R2=CH3或
R3=CH3或R2
R4=H,CH3,
R6为可含有氨基、羧酸或磺酸酯基团的具有1至40个碳原子的有机基团,或对于c=0,为无机酸的阴离子,
和其中基团R1可以相同或不同,并衍生自具有1至20个碳原子的脂族烃基,为具有3至20个碳原子的环状脂族烃,为芳烃基团,或与R5相同,其中:
条件是基团R1、R2或R3中的至少一个为上面定义的含聚烯化氧的基团,
和n为1至6的整数,
x和y为使聚硅氧烷嵌段的分子量为300至30,000的整数,
a,b可为0至50之间的整数,条件是a与b之和大于0,和c为0或1。
优选的基团R2和R5为其中总和a+b为5至30的那些基团。
基团R1优选选自如下基团:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、异丁基、戊基、异戊基、己基、辛基、癸基、十二烷基和十八烷基,环脂族基团,具体为环己基,芳族基团,具体为苯基或萘基,混合芳族-脂族基团如苄基或苯乙基,及甲苯基和二甲苯基和R5。
特别合适的基团R4为其中当R4=-(CO)c-R6时,R6为具有1至40个碳原子并可进一步带有离子源基团如NH2、COOH和SO3H的烷基、环烷基或芳基的那些。
优选的无机基团R6在c=0时为磷酸根和硫酸根。
在本发明特别优选的实施方案中,将如下通式的化合物用作含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物(b):
其中
R1=-CH3
R4=-H、-COCH3、C1-C4烷基
n=1至6,特别是2至4,优选3
x和y为使聚硅氧烷嵌段的分子量为1000至5000的整数,
a,b可为0至50之间的整数,条件是a与b之和大于0。
这些特别优选的聚硅氧烷衍生物是以CAS No.872 44-72-2已知的。市购的产品为以商品名Belsil DMC 6031TM(Wacker)、Dabco DC193、Dabco DC 5357、Dow Corning 198TM、Dow Corning 5039TM和Silwet7600TM(Witco)获得的那些。
这些特别优选的聚硅氧烷衍生物是以CAS No.71965-38-3已知的。市购的产品为以商品名Abil B 8842、Abil B 8843、Silwet L 7607(Witco)获得的那些。
同样特别优选的是以商品名Belsil DMC 6032TM(Wacker)和Dow Corning 190TM(Dow Chemicals)购得的那些聚硅氧烷衍生物。
本发明的含聚硅氧烷聚合物的单体(a)可构成50至99.9wt%,优选70至99wt%,特别优选85至98wt%。若将烯属不饱和单体(a)以两种单体(a1和a2)的混合物使用,则已证明使用49.5至99wt%(a1)和0.5至40wt%(a2)是有利的。
聚硅氧烷衍生物(b)通常以0.1至50wt%,优选0.5至20wt%,特别优选2至15wt%的量存在于本发明加聚物中。
在特别优选的实施方案中,使用可通过自由基聚合如下组分的单体混合物获得的聚合物:
(a1)49.5至99wt%的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,特别是丙烯酸叔丁酯
(a2)0.5至40wt%的另一(甲基)丙烯酸酯,特别是甲基丙烯酸
(b)0.5至20wt%的如下通式的含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物
R1=-CH3
R4=-H、-COCH3、C1-C4烷基
n=1至6,特别是2至4,优选3
x和y为使聚硅氧烷嵌段的分子量为1000至5000的整数,
a,b可为0至50之间的整数,条件是a与b之和大于0。
若聚硅氧烷化合物(b)在聚合期间不存在,但在聚合后混入,则通常获得非常柔软的粘性薄膜,根据本发明该薄膜不适合用于皮肤和头发化妆品中。
这表明在聚合期间可发生加聚物与聚硅氧烷化合物的可能接枝,有助于良好的膜性能,如无粘性、高表面光滑度和硬度,和改进的嵌段强度。然而,然而本发明聚合物可获得其有利性能的不同于接枝的机理也是可想到的。
术语“可聚合”是指使用的单体可用任何常规合成方法聚合。
例如,这可为溶液聚合、乳液聚合、反向乳液聚合、悬浮聚合、反向悬浮聚合或沉淀聚合,对可使用的方法并无限制。在溶液聚合中,可将水、惯用的有机溶剂或本发明的聚硅氧烷衍生物本身用作溶剂。
本发明的聚合物优选具有的K值(按照Fickentscher,Cellulosechemie,Vol.13,pp.58-64(1932)在250℃下对在0.5M氯化钠溶液中的0.15%浓度溶液测量)为30至50,优选37至41。
特别合适的聚合物是可溶于水或其水分散性足够大以使其以大于0.1g/l,优选大于0.2g/l的量溶于水∶乙醇=20∶80(%(体积)∶%(体积))溶剂混合物的那些。
对于本发明,“水分散性”聚合物是当与水接触时在24小时内形成流体并且在无光学仪器下用肉眼在其中不能检测到固体颗粒的那些聚合物。为检测聚合物是否为水分散性的,将100mg加聚物以100μm厚的薄膜形式加入100ml水(20℃)中并在市购的振摇器台上振摇24小时。若振摇后,不再观察到固体颗粒,但流体浑浊,则加聚物是水分散性的;在无浑浊时,称为水溶性的。
在单体聚合期间,若合适,还可存在其它聚合物,如烯属不饱和单体的均聚和共聚物以及聚酰胺、聚氨酯或聚酯。聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚酯优选已用例如羧酸盐或磺酸盐基团进行离子改性。
根据本发明,特别优选的聚合物是例如以商品名LuviflexTM Silk(INCI名称:PEG/PPG-25/25聚二甲基硅氧烷/丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸叔丁酯;BASF Aktiengesellschaft)购买的聚合物。
本发明的制剂可以水或水-醇溶液,香波、乳剂(Cremes)、泡沫、洗液、摩丝(Mousse)、喷雾剂(泵喷雾剂或气雾剂)形式的O/W和W/O乳液,凝胶或凝胶喷雾剂存在于最终制剂中,并相应与惯用的其他助剂一起配制。
可提及的其他惯用助剂是:表面活性剂,油性物质,乳化剂,辅助乳化剂,多脂剂(berfettungsmittel),珠光蜡,基础剂,增稠剂,脂肪,蜡,聚硅氧烷化合物,水溶助长剂,防腐剂,芳香油,染料,稳定剂,pH调节剂,化妆品护理物质和活性成份,如AHA酸、果酸、神经酰胺、植烷三醇、没药醇、泛醇、胶原,维生素原和维生素(例如维生素A、E和C),蛋白质和蛋白质水解产物(例如小麦、杏仁或豌豆蛋白),加溶剂,配位剂,防护剂,漂白剂,着色剂,调色剂,鞣剂(例如二羟基丙酮),微细颜料如二氧化钛或氧化锌等。此外可存在聚合物。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂是例如烷基硫酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、烷芳基磺酸盐、烷基丁二酸盐、烷基磺基丁二酸盐、N-烷基肌氨酸盐、酰基牛磺酸盐、酰基羟乙基磺酸盐、烷基磷酸盐、烷基醚磷酸盐、烷基醚羧酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐,特别是碱金属和碱土金属盐如钠、钾、镁、钙和铵盐,以及三乙醇胺盐。烷基醚硫酸盐、烷基醚磷酸盐和烷基醚羧酸盐在分子中可具有1至10个环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷单元,优选1至3个环氧乙烷单元。
合适的是例如月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸铵、月桂基醚硫酸钠、月桂基醚硫酸铵、月桂基肌氨酸钠、油基丁二酸钠、月桂基磺基丁二酸铵、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸三乙醇胺。
合适的两性表面活性剂是例如烷基甜菜碱、烷基酰氨丙基甜菜碱、烷基磺基甜菜碱、甘氨酸烷基酯、羧基甘氨酸烷基酯、烷基两性乙酸盐(amphoacetate)或丙酸盐、烷基两性二乙酸盐(amphodiacetate)或二丙酸盐。
例如,可使用椰子二甲基磺丙基甜菜碱、月桂基甜菜碱、椰子酰氨基(cocamido)丙基甜菜碱或椰子两性丙酸钠(Natrium-cocamphopropionat)。
合适的非离子表面活性剂为例如脂族醇或在可为线性或支化的烷基链中具有6至20个碳原子的烷基酚与环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的反应产物。烯化氧的量为每mol醇约6至60mol。同样合适的是烷基胺氧化物、单-或二烷基链烷醇酰胺、聚乙二醇的脂肪酸酯、乙氧基化脂肪酸酰胺、烷基聚糖苷或脱水山梨糖醇醚酯。
此外,这些组合物可包括惯用的阳离子表面活性剂,如季铵化合物(例如十六烷基三甲基氯化铵)。
本发明的组合物,特别是香波配料形式的组合物,通常包括作为基础表面活性剂的阴离子表面活性剂及作为助表面活性剂的两性和非离子表面活性剂。
这些组合物通常包括2至50wt%,优选5至40wt%,特别优选8至30wt%的表面活性剂。
合适的油性物质为例如基于具有6至18个碳原子、优选8至10个碳原子的脂肪醇的Guerbet醇,线性C6-C22-脂肪酸与线性C6-C22-脂肪醇的酯,支化C6-C13-羧酸与线性C6-C22-脂肪醇的酯,线性C6-C22-脂肪酸与支化醇、特别是2-乙基己醇的酯,羟基羧酸与线性或支化C6-C22-脂肪醇的酯,特别是苹果酸二辛酯,线性和/或支化脂肪酸与多元醇(如丙二醇、二醇二聚体或三醇三聚体)和/或Guerbet醇的酯,基于C6-C10脂肪酸的甘油三酯,基于C6-C18脂肪酸的液体甘油单/二/三酯,C6-C22-脂肪醇和/或Guerbet醇与芳族羧酸、特别是苯甲酸的酯,植物油,支化伯醇,取代环己烷,线性和支化C6-C22-脂肪醇碳酸酯、Guerbet碳酸酯,苯甲酸与线性和/或支化C6-C22-醇的酯(例如Finsolv?TN),每个烷基具有6至22个碳原子的线性或支化的对称或不对称的二烷基醚,环氧化脂肪酸酯与多醇的开环产品,硅油和/或脂族或环烷烃。
合适的油性物质是动植物油,如向日葵油、椰子油、鳄梨油、橄榄油或羊毛脂。
合适的乳化剂为例如选自如下组中至少一种的非离子表面活性剂:
(1)2至30mol环氧乙烷和/或0至5mol环氧丙烷在具有8至22个碳原子的线性脂肪醇上、在具有12至22个碳原子的脂肪酸上和在烷基部分具有8至15个碳原子的烷基苯酚上的加成产物;
(2)1至30mol环氧乙烷在甘油上的加成产物的C12/18-脂肪酸单-二酯;
(3)具有6至22个碳原子的饱和和不饱和脂肪酸及其环氧乙烷加成产物的甘油单-二酯和脱水山梨糖醇单-二酯;
(4)在烷基中具有8至22个碳原子的烷基单和低聚糖苷及其乙氧基化类似物;
(5)15至60mol环氧乙烷在蓖麻油和/或氢化蓖麻油上的加成产物;
(6)多醇酯,特别是聚甘油的酯,如聚蓖麻油酸聚甘油酯、聚-12-羟基硬脂酸聚甘油酯或聚甘油二聚酯。同样合适的是这类物质中两种或多种化合物的混合物;
(7)2至15mol环氧乙烷在蓖麻油和/或氢化蓖麻油上的加成产物;
(8)基于线性、支化、饱和或不饱和C6/22-脂肪酸、蓖麻油酸和12-羟基硬脂酸与甘油、聚甘油、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、糖醇(如山梨糖醇)、烷基葡糖苷(如甲基葡糖苷、丁基葡糖苷、月桂基葡糖苷)和聚葡糖苷(例如纤维素)的部分酯;
(9)磷酸单、二和三烷基酯,及磷酸单-、二-和/或三-PEG-烷基酯及其盐;
(10)羊毛蜡醇;
(11)聚硅氧烷聚烷基聚醚共聚物和相应的衍生物;
(12)根据德国专利1165574的季戊四醇、脂肪酸、柠檬酸和脂肪醇的混合酯,和/或具有6至22个碳原子的脂肪酸、甲基葡萄糖和多醇,优选甘油或聚甘油的混合酯,和
(13)聚亚烷基二醇。
环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷在脂肪醇、脂肪酸、烷基酚、脂肪酸的甘油单和二酯及脱水山梨糖醇单和二酯上或在蓖麻油上的加成产物是已知的市购产品。它们是同系物混合物,其烷氧基化平均程度相当于环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的量与和其进行加成反应的底物的比例。环氧乙烷在甘油上的加成产物的C12/18-脂肪酸单和二酯在德国专利2024051中已知作为化妆品制剂的Rückfettungsmittel。C8/18-烷基单和低聚糖苷、其制备方法及其用途是现有技术中已知的。其制备特别通过葡萄糖或低聚糖与具有8至18个碳原子的伯醇反应进行。对于糖苷酯、其中环状糖基团与脂肪醇以糖苷形式键合的单糖苷,以及低聚度优选至多约8的低聚糖苷是合适的。低聚度这里为基于惯用于此类工业产品的同系物分布的统计平均值。
使用的乳化剂也可为两性离子表面活性剂。术语两性离子表面活性剂用于指在分子中带有至少一个季铵基团和至少一个羧酸根和一个磺酸根的那些表面活性化合物。特别合适的两性离子表面活性剂为所谓的甜菜碱,如甘氨酸N-烷基-N,N-二甲基铵,如甘氨酸椰子烷基二甲基铵,甘氨酸N-酰氨基丙基-N,N-二甲基铵,如甘氨酸椰子酰氨基丙基二甲基铵,和每一情况下在烷基或酰基中具有8至18个碳原子的2-烷基-3-羧甲基-3-羟乙基咪唑啉,和羟乙基羧甲基甘氨酸椰子酰氨基乙基酯。特别优选的是以CTFA名称椰子酰氨基丙基甜菜碱已知的脂肪酸酰胺衍生物。同样合适的乳化剂是两性表面活性剂。两性表面活性剂应理解为是指除分子中的C8/18-烷基或酰基外,还含有至少一个游离氨基和至少一个COOH或SO3H基团且能够形成内盐的那些表面活性物质。合适的两性表面活性剂的例子是N-烷基甘氨酸、N-烷基丙酸、N-烷氨基丁酸、N-烷基亚氨基二丙酸、N-羟乙基-N-烷基酰氨丙基甘氨酸、N-烷基牛磺酸、N-烷基肌氨酸、2-烷氨基丙酸和在每一情况下在烷基中具有约8至18个碳原子的烷氨基乙酸。特别优选的两性表面活性剂是N-椰子烷氨基丙酸盐、椰子酰氨基乙氨基丙酸盐和C12/18-酰基肌氨酸。除两性乳化剂以外,季铵乳化剂也是合适的,其中四酯(Esterquat)类,优选甲基季铵化二脂肪酸三乙醇胺酯盐是特别优选的。
作为多脂剂,可以使用物质如羊毛脂和卵磷脂,及聚乙氧基化或酰基化羊毛脂和卵磷脂衍生物,多醇脂肪酸酯、单甘油酯和脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺,后者也起到泡沫稳定剂的作用。
合适的珠光蜡的例子是:亚烷基二醇酯,具体为乙二醇二硬脂酸酯;脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺,具体为椰子脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺;部分甘油酯,具体为硬脂酸甘油单酯;任选羟基取代的多元羧酸与6至22个碳原子的脂肪醇的酯,具体为酒石酸的长链酯;脂肪类物质,如脂肪醇,脂肪酮,脂肪醛,脂肪醚和脂肪碳酸酯(总共具有至少24个碳原子),具体为月桂酮和二硬脂基醚;脂肪酸,如硬脂酸,羟基硬脂酸或山萮酸,具有12至22个碳原子的烯烃环氧化物与具有12至22个碳原子的脂肪醇和/或具有2至15个碳原子和2至10个羟基的多元醇的开环产物,和其混合物。
合适的基础剂主要是具有12至22,优选16至18个碳原子的脂肪醇或羟基脂肪醇,和部分甘油酯,脂肪酸或羟基脂肪酸。优选这些物质与相同链长度的烷基低聚葡糖苷和/或脂肪酸N-甲基葡糖酰胺和/或聚-12-羟基硬脂酸聚甘油酯的混合物。合适的增稠剂为例如多糖,特别是黄原胶,瓜尔胶,琼脂胶,藻酸盐和Tyloses,纤维素衍生物,例如羧甲基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素,以及脂肪酸的较高分子量聚乙二醇单-和二酯,聚丙烯酸酯(例如购自Goodrich的CarbopolsTM或购自Sigma的SynthalensTM),聚丙烯酰胺,聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,表面活性剂,如乙氧基化脂肪酸甘油酯,脂肪酸与多醇如季戊四醇或三羟甲基丙烷的酯,具有窄同系物分布的脂肪醇乙氧基化物或烷基低聚葡糖苷,和电解质,如氯化钠和氯化铵。
脂肪的典型例子是甘油酯,合适的蜡尤其为蜂蜡,巴西棕榈蜡,小烛树蜡,褐煤蜡,石蜡或微晶蜡,任选与亲水性蜡如十六烷基硬脂醇或部分甘油酯混合。可使用的稳定剂为脂肪酸的金属盐,如镁、铝和/或锌的硬脂酸盐或蓖麻油酸盐。
合适的聚硅氧烷化合物为例如二甲基聚硅氧烷,甲基苯基聚硅氧烷,环状聚硅氧烷,和氨基-、脂肪酸-、醇-、聚醚-、环氧-、氟-、糖苷-、和/或烷基-改性的聚硅氧烷化合物,其在室温下可为液体或树脂形式。脂肪的典型例子是甘油酯,合适的蜡尤其为蜂蜡,巴西棕榈蜡,小烛树蜡,褐煤蜡,石蜡或微晶蜡,任选与亲水性蜡如十六烷基硬脂醇或部分甘油酯混合。可使用的稳定剂为脂肪酸的金属盐,如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸铝和/或硬脂酸锌。
合适的溶剂特别为水和具有1至6个碳原子的低级单醇或多醇及其混合物;优选的单醇或多醇是乙醇、异丙醇、丙二醇、甘油和山梨醇。
为改进流动性能,还可使用水溶助长剂,如乙醇、异丙醇或多醇。这里合适的多醇优选具有2至15个碳原子和至少两个羟基。典型的例子是:
-甘油;
-亚烷基二醇例如乙二醇,二甘醇,丙二醇,丁二醇,己二醇和平均分子量为100至1000道尔顿的聚乙二醇;自缩合度为1.5至10的工业级低聚甘油混合物,如双甘油含量为40至50wt%的工业级双甘油混合物;
-羟甲基化合物,例如特别是三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟甲基丁烷、季戊四醇和二季戊四醇;
-低级烷基葡糖苷,特别是在烷基中具有1至8个碳原子的那些,如甲基-和丁基葡糖苷;
-具有5至12个碳原子的糖醇,如山梨糖醇或甘露糖醇;
-具有5至12个碳原子的糖,如葡萄糖或蔗糖;
-氨基糖,如葡糖胺。
合适的防腐剂的例子是苯氧基乙醇、甲醛溶液、对羟苯甲酸酯、戊二醇或山梨酸,和《化妆品指示》(Kosmetikverordnung)的附录6中部分A和B列出的其它类物质。
这些物质包括例如具有抗革兰氏阳性菌的特殊作用的所有合适防腐剂,例如三氯森(2,4,4′-三氯-2′-羟基二苯基醚)、氯己定(1,1′-亚己基双[5-(4-氯苯基)双胍]和TTC(3,4,4′-三氯N-碳酰苯胺)。季铵化合物原则上也是合适的,但优选用于消毒皂和洗液中。很多香料也具有抗菌性能。将具有特殊的抗革兰氏阳性菌效果的特定混合物用于除臭香水组合物中。大量的香精油或其特定组分,如丁香油(丁香酚)、薄荷油(薄荷醇)或百里香油(百里香酚)也呈现显著的抗菌效果。
防腐剂的使用浓度通常为约0.1至0.3wt%。
可提及的芳香油为天然和合成香料的混合物。天然香料为如下物质的提取物:花(百合、熏衣草、玫瑰、茉莉、橙花、依兰)、茎和叶(香叶、绿叶、橙叶)、果实(大茴香、芫荽、小茴香、杜松)、果皮(香柠檬、柠檬、柑橘)、根(肉豆蔻衣、当归、芹菜、小豆蔻、广木香、鸢尾、白菖蒲)、木材(松木、檀香木、愈创木、杉木、玫瑰木)、药草和牧草(龙蒿、柠檬草、鼠尾草、麝香草)、针叶和枝(云杉、冷杉、松树、矮松)、树脂和香脂(古蓬香脂、榄香脂、安息香、没药树、乳香、防风根(Opoponax))。动物原料如灵猫香和海狸香也是合适的。典型的合成香料化合物是酯、醚、醛、酮、醇和烃类产品。酯类香料化合物是例如乙酸苄基酯、异丁酸苯氧基乙酯、乙酸对叔丁基环己基酯、乙酸里哪基酯、乙酸二甲基苄基甲醇酯、乙酸苯乙基酯、苯甲酸里哪基酯、甲酸苄基酯、甲苯基甘氨酸乙酯、环己基丙酸烯丙基酯、丙酸苏合香酯和水杨酸苄基酯。醚包括例如苄基乙基醚,醛包括例如具有8至18个碳原子的线性链烷醛、柠檬醛、香茅醛、香茅氧基乙醛、仙客来醛、羟基香茅醛、铃兰醛和Bourgeonat,酮包括例如紫罗酮、α-异甲基紫罗酮和甲基柏木酮,醇包括对丙烯基茴香醚、香茅醇、丁香酚、异丁香酚、香叶醇、沉香醇、苯乙醇和萜品醇,烃主要包括萜烯和香脂。然而,优选使用一起产生愉快香味的不同香料的混合物。常用作香味组分的低挥发性香精油也适合作为芳香油,这些香精油的例子是鼠尾草油、春黄菊油、丁香油、香胶油、薄荷油、肉桂叶油、白柠檬花油、杜松子油、岩兰草油、乳香油、格蓬油、Labolanuml和杂薰衣草油。优选使用香柠檬油、二氢月桂烯醇、铃兰醛、新铃兰醛、香茅醇、苯乙醇、α-己基肉桂醛、香叶醇、苄基丙酮、仙客来醛、沉香醇、Boisambrene Fort、Ambroxan、吲哚、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、Sandelice、柠檬油、橘皮油、柑橘油、烯丙基戊基羟乙酸酯、Cyclovertal、杂薰衣草油、香紫苏油、β-二氢大马酮、香叶油Bourbon、水杨酸环己基酯、甲基柏木酮、Iso-E-Super、FixolideNP、Evernyl、3-甲基-α-紫罗兰酮、苯乙酸、乙酸香叶酯、乙酸苄基酯、玫瑰醚、Romillat、Irotyl和Floramat(单独或其混合物)。
可使用的染料为允许的并且适合化妆品用的物质,例如列于文献“Kosmeticsche Frbemittel”[化妆品着色剂],Farbstoffkommissionder Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft[Dyes Commission of theGerman Research Council],Verlag Chemie,Weinheim,1984,pp.81-106。这些染料的使用浓度按总混合物计通常为0.001至0.1wt%。
聚合后,还可以将其它聚合物加入本发明的聚合物制剂中,取决于确定的具体性能。
用于此目的的其它适宜聚合物是例如阴离子、阳离子、非离子和中性聚合物。
阴离子聚合物的例子是丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺的均聚-和共聚物及其盐、聚羟基羧酸的钠盐、水溶性或水分散性聚酯、聚氨酯和聚脲。特别合适的聚合物是丙烯酸叔丁基酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸的共聚物(例如,LuvimerTM 100P),丙烯酸乙酯和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物(例如LuviflexTM Soft),N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸的共聚物(Ultrahold StrongTM),乙酸乙烯酯、巴豆酸和任选其他乙烯基酯的共聚物(例如Luviset CA66TM),马来酸酐共聚物(任选与醇反应),阴离子聚硅氧烷,例如乙烯基吡咯烷酮、丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸的羧基官能共聚物,丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸与疏水性单体如(甲基)丙烯酸C4-C30-烷基酯、C4-C30-烷基乙烯基酯、C4-C30-烷基乙烯基醚和透明质酸的共聚物,和另一些以商品名Amerhold DR-25、UltraholdTM、LuvisetTM P.U.R.、AcronalTM、AcudyneTM、LovocrylTM、VersatylTM、AmphomerTM(28-4910,LV-71),PlaciseTM L53、GantrezTMES 425、Adavntage PlusTM、OmnirezTM 2000、ResynTM 28-1310、ResynTM28-2930、BalanceTM(0/55)、AcudyneTM 255、AristoflexTM A或EastmanAQTM已知的聚合物。
另一些其它聚合物是具有按照INCI命名为聚季铵(Polyquaternium)的阳离子聚合物,例如乙烯基吡咯烷酮/N-乙烯基咪唑鎓盐共聚物(LuviquatTM FC、LuviquatTM HM、LuviquatTM MS、LuviquatTM Care),用硫酸二乙酯季铵化的N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮/甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯共聚物(LuviquatTM PQ 11),N-乙烯基己内酰胺/N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮/N-乙烯基咪唑鎓盐共聚物(LuviquatTM Hold),阳离子纤维素衍生物(聚季铵-4和10)、丙烯酰胺共聚物(聚季铵-),StyleezeTM CC-10,AquaflexTM SF-40和脱乙酰壳多糖衍生物。
另一些合适的聚合物是中性聚合物,如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙酸乙烯酯和/或丙酸乙烯酯的共聚物,聚硅氧烷,聚乙烯基己内酰胺和与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物,聚乙烯亚胺及其盐,聚乙烯胺及其盐,纤维素衍生物,聚天冬氨酸盐及其衍生物。这些包括以商品名LuviskolTM(K,VA,Plus)、PVP K、PVP/VA、AdvantageTM HC和H2OLD EP-1已知的聚合物。
同样合适的是生物聚合物,即由天然可再生原料获得的和由天然单体单元制备的聚合物,例如纤维素衍生物、壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖、DNA、透明质酸和RNA衍生物。
另一些聚合物是甜菜碱类聚合物,如Yukaformers(R205,SM)和Diaformers。
下面的列表包括上面列出的聚合物的INCI/CTFA名称和制造商:
INCI/CTFA | 聚合物 | 制造商 |
丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Amerhold DR-25 | Amerchol |
PVP/VA共聚物 | Luviskol VA | BASF |
聚乙烯己内酰胺 | Luviskol Plus | BASF |
苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Acronal 290 D,296 D | BASF |
VA/巴豆酸酯共聚物 | Luviset CA 66 | BASF |
丙烯酸酯/丙烯酰胺共聚物 | Ultrahold 8 | BASF |
丙烯酸酯/丙烯酰胺共聚物 | Ultrahold Strong | BASF |
丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Luviflex Soft | BASF |
丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Luvimer 100P,36D,30E | BASF |
聚季铵46 | Luviquat Hold | BASF |
聚氨酯-1 | Luviset P.U.R. | BASF |
甲基丙烯酰基乙基甜菜碱/丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Diaformer | Clariant |
二甘醇/CHDM/间苯二甲酸酯/SIP共聚物 | Eastman AQ Polymer | Eastman |
VA/巴豆酸酯共聚物 | Aristoflex A | Hoechst Celanese |
丙烯酸酯/二丙酮丙烯酰胺共聚物 | Plascize L-53 | Goo Chemical |
PVP | PVP K | ISP |
PVP/VA共聚物 | PVP/VA | ISP |
乙烯基己内酰胺/PVP/甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙基酯共聚物 | 共聚物VC 713(=Advantage HC) | ISP |
乙烯基己内酰胺/PVP/甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙基酯共聚物 | H2OLDEP-1 | ISP |
PVM/MA丁基酯共聚物 | Gantrez ES 425 | ISP |
VA/马来酸丁酯/丙烯酸异冰片酯 | Advantage Plus | ISP |
PVM/MA共聚物的乙基酯 | Omnirez 2000 | ISP |
PVP/DMAPA丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Styleeze CC-10 | ISP |
PVP/乙烯基己内酰胺/DMAPA丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Aquaflex SF-40 | ISP |
Yukaformer R205 | Mitsubishi | |
Yukaformer SM | Mitsubishi | |
VA/巴豆酸酯/共聚物 | Resyn 28-1310 | National Starch |
VA/巴豆酸酯/新癸酸酯共聚物 | Resyn 28-2930 | National Starch |
辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯/甲基丙烯酸丁基氨乙酯共聚物 | Amphomer 28-4910 | National Starch |
辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯/甲基丙烯酸丁基氨乙酯共聚物 | Amphomer LV-71 | National Starch |
丙烯酸酯/辛基丙烯酰胺共聚物 | Versatyl 42 | National Starch |
辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Versatyl 90 | National Starch |
丙烯酸酯共聚物 | Balance 0/55 | National Starch |
辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯/甲基丙烯酸丁基氨乙酯共聚物 | Lovocryl 47 | National Sta rch |
丙烯酸酯/羟基酯丙烯酸酯 | Acudyne | Rohm & Haas |
助剂和添加剂的总量可为1至50wt%,优选5至40wt%,按组合物计。
助剂可在聚合期间存在和/或在聚合后加入。
若本发明的聚合物在反向悬浮聚合中在化妆品油中制备,则根据本发明选取的油相为对化妆品配料具有积极效果(外观,在皮肤上的感觉)的组分。这些组分为例如天然油如向日葵油、杏仁油、鳄梨油,蜡酯如霍霍巴油,脂肪酸异丙基酯如棕榈酸异丙基酯、豆蔻酸异丙基酯,脂肪酸甘油二-和三酯,如辛酸/癸酸甘油酯。油相在整个乳液中的比例为15至70wt%,优选20至35wt%。
为将水相分散于有机相中,使用已知用于此目的的W/O乳化剂。使用的乳化剂的HLB值为4至8[HLB值=亲水/亲油平衡,参见W.C.Griffin,J.Soc.Cosmet.Chem.1,(1950)311]。这些乳化剂为例如单油酸脱水山梨糖醇酯、单硬脂酸脱水山梨糖醇酯、单硬脂酸甘油酯、羟基脂肪酸-聚酯的嵌段共聚物和聚氧乙烯。它们可以总浓度为2至10wt%,优选2至5wt%(按总乳液计)单独或混合使用。
也可将HLB值大于8的乳化剂特别以浓度为0.25至7wt%(按总乳液计)加入乳液中。这些乳化剂为例如乙氧基化C6-C12-壬基苯酚和C12-C18-脂肪醇,乙氧基化程度为5至20mol%。
将水相乳化入油相中不需要任何特殊装置;含水单体相可通过例如在标准聚合容器中例如用锚式搅拌器搅拌乳化。旋转速率为30至400rpm,取决于罐的几何形状。
聚合后,获得固含量为10至40wt%,优选15至35wt%的油包水乳液。为提高固含量,可通过蒸馏从乳液中除去一些或所有水。
将本发明的聚合物W/O乳液优选在皮肤化妆品或药物制剂中用作增稠剂。聚合物可以W/O乳液形式直接使用。在W/O乳液与化妆品和/或药物O/W乳液混合后立刻开始W/O乳液的增稠作用;不必为获得最佳效果而加入相转化剂(Invertierungsmittel)。还可以使纯水体系增稠。如此得到乳剂凝胶(Cremegel)。
本发明的制剂特别适合用于化妆品组合物中。因此,它们可用于例如清洁皮肤的化妆品组合物中。这些化妆品清洁剂选自皂条,如香皂、酪状皂、透明皂、高档皂、除臭皂、乳脂皂、小儿皂、护肤皂、擦洗皂和合成洗涤剂,液体皂如浆状皂、软皂和洗涤糊状物,液体洗涤剂,淋浴制剂,如洗液,淋浴制剂和凝胶,泡沫浴,油浴和洗涤制剂,和修面泡沫、洗液和乳剂。
本发明的制剂还可用于皮肤护理的化妆品制剂中。皮肤护理组合物特别为W/O或O/W皮肤乳剂,日用和夜用乳剂,眼乳剂,面乳剂,抗皱乳剂,润湿乳剂,漂白乳剂,维生素乳剂,皮肤洗液,护理洗液和润湿乳液形式。
此外,它们适用于皮肤化妆品制剂如面部滋补剂(Gesichtswasser)、面膜、除臭剂和其它化妆品洗液。
此外,本发明的制剂可用作毛孔清洁或皮肤起泡条,用于抗痤疮产品,防护剂,修面产品,脱毛剂,个人卫生产品,足护理产品和用于小儿护理中。
本发明的新颖制剂特别适用于头发化妆品中,优选用于制剂如头发护理剂、洗发液、头发清洗剂、发乳、发端液(Spitzenfluid)、永久烫发用中和剂、热油处理制剂、调节剂、卷发松弛剂、造型卷缠洗液(Festigerlotionen)、定型洗液、香波、染发剂或喷发胶中。
当配制头发定型组合物时,必须考虑的是由于涉及控制挥发性有机化合物(VOC)发散到大气中的环境法规,因此必须降低醇和挥发剂的含量。
本发明的制剂优选用作化妆品和/或药物制剂中的成膜剂和/或包衣剂,特别是用于含角蛋白和类似角蛋白的表面,如头发、皮肤和指甲中。
在特别优选的实施方案中,将本发明的制剂用于指甲护理的化妆品制剂中。
非常特别优选的是本发明的制剂在装饰性化妆品制剂中的用途。
本发明进一步提供聚合物在装饰性化妆品制剂中的用途,所述聚合物可通过自由基聚合如下组分的单体混合物获得:
(a1)49.5至99wt%的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,特别是丙烯酸叔丁酯
(a2)0.5至40wt%的另一(甲基)丙烯酸酯,特别是甲基丙烯酸
(b)0.5至20wt%的如下通式的含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物
其中
R1=-CH3
R4=-H、-COCH3、C1-C4烷基
n=1至6,特别是2至4,优选3
x和y为使聚硅氧烷嵌段的分子量为1000至5000的整数,
a,b可为0至50之间的整数,条件是a与b之和大于0。
可提及的装饰性化妆品制剂为例如隐藏眉笔、舞台化妆品、染眉毛油(Mascara)和眼影、口红、化妆墨眉笔(Kajalstifte)、眼线膏(Eyeliner)、化妆品、粉底、胭脂(Rouges)及粉和眉笔(Augenbrauenstiften),特别是指甲油(Nagellacke)。
本发明聚合物在化妆品和/或药物制剂中的存在量通常为0.001至20wt%,优选0.1至10wt%,按制剂总重量计。
实施例1至6:制备聚合物
将50g原料1和3.75g原料2滴加入搅拌的初始料中。然后将该混合物加热至78℃。接着在1.5小时内滴加入剩余量的原料1和原料2。将该混合物进一步搅拌2小时,然后在15分钟内滴加入原料3,并将该混合物在78℃下再搅拌3小时。
实施例1
初始料:175g乙醇、7.5g Dow Corning 190TM
原料1:251g丙烯酸叔丁酯、86g甲基丙烯酸、
37g丙烯酸乙酯、75g乙醇
原料2:2g过新戊酸叔丁酯、100g乙醇
原料3:1.5g过新戊酸叔丁酯、57g乙醇
实施例2
初始料:175g乙醇、18.75g Dow Corning 190TM
原料1:251g丙烯酸叔丁酯、86g甲基丙烯酸、
37g丙烯酸乙酯、75g乙醇
原料2:2g过新戊酸叔丁酯、100g乙醇
原料3:1.5g过新戊酸叔丁酯、57g乙醇
实施例3
初始料:175g乙醇、37.5g Dow Corning 190TM
原料1:251g丙烯酸叔丁酯、86g甲基丙烯酸、
37g丙烯酸乙酯、75g乙醇
原料2:2g过新戊酸叔丁酯、100g乙醇
原料3:1.5g过新戊酸叔丁酯、57g乙醇
实施例4
初始料:175g乙醇、18.75g Belsil DMC 6031TM
原料1:251g丙烯酸叔丁酯、86g甲基丙烯酸、
37g丙烯酸乙酯、75g乙醇
原料2:2g过新戊酸叔丁酯、100g乙醇
原料3:1.5g过新戊酸叔丁酯、57g乙醇
实施例5
初始料:175g乙醇、37.5g Belsil DMC 6031TM
原料1:279g丙烯酸叔丁酯、96g甲基丙烯酸、
75g乙醇
原料2:2g过新戊酸丁酯、100g乙醇
原料3:1.5g过新戊酸叔丁酯、57g乙醇
实施例6
初始料:175g乙醇、37.5g Belsil DMC 6031TM
原料1:300g丙烯酸叔丁酯、75g甲基丙烯酸、
75g乙醇
原料2:2g过新戊酸叔丁酯、100g乙醇
原料3:1.5g过新戊酸叔丁酯、57g乙醇
实施例7
凝胶配料
各自制备相A和相B,并将相B加入相A中。
相A 0.50wt%Carbopol 980TM(Goodrich)
49.5wt%软化水
0.40wt%三乙醇胺
相B 1.00wt%实施例1或实施例5的聚合物
0.12wt%2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
2.00wt%Uvinul MS 40
20.00wt%乙醇
26.48wt%软化水
实施例8
头发鸡尾酒(Haar-Cocktail)
相A 3.00wt%Luvigel EMTM(BASF)
2.00wt%Belsil DM 1000TM(Wacker)
2.00wt%Belsil CM 1000TM(Wacker)
1.50wt%Belsil PDM 200TM(Wacker)
1.50wt%Belsil ADM 6057 ETM(Wacker)
2.00wt%Univul MS 40
0.50wt%Belsil DMC 6031TM(Wacker)
1.00wt%Macadamia胡桃油(Ex.Huile de
Macadamio,购自Wacker)
0.50wt%Vitamin-E-AcetatTM(BASF)
1.00wt%Cremophor RH 40TM(BASF)
0.40wt%芳香油
相B 4.00wt%实施例1或5的加聚物
0.46wt%2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
0.10wt%Euxyl K 100TM(Schulke & Mayr)
加入100.00软化水
实施例9
与实施例8类似,但用0.40%Pemulen TR 1TM(Goodrich)代替3.00%Luvigel EMTM(BASF)
加入100.00软化水
实施例10
与实施例8类似,但用3.5%Luvigel EMTM代替3.00%LuvigelEMTM(BASF)
加入100.00软化水
实施例11至20
喷发胶
聚合物 | 混合比8∶2 | 混合比1∶1 | 混合比2∶8 |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolVA37 | 6.40%Luviflex Silk1.60%LuviskolVA37ETM0.74%AMP(2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇)51.26%乙醇40.00%DME(二甲基醚) | 4.0%Luviflex Silk4.0%LuviskolVA37ETM0.46%AMP51.54%乙醇40.00%DME | 1.6%Luviflex Silk6.4%LuviskolVA37ETM0.19%AMP51.81%乙醇40.00%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolK30 | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luviskol K30TM0.74%AMP52.06%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviskol K30TM0.46%AMP53.54%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Luviskol K30TM0.19%AMP55.01%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolPlus | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviskol PlusTM0.74%AMP50.86%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM5.0%Luviskol PlusTM0.46%AMP50.54%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM8.0%Luviskol PlusTM0.19%AMP50.21%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetP.U.R. | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM2.67%Luviset P.U.RTM0.73%AMP50.20%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM6.67%Luviset P.U.RTM0.46%AMP48.87%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM10.67%Luviset P.U.R TM0.19%AMP47.54%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/Ultrahold8 | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Ultrahold 8TM0.82%AMP51.98%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Ultrahold 8TM0.66%AMP53.34%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Ultrahold 8TM0.51%AMP54.69%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/UltraholdStrong | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Ultrahold StrongTM0.84%AMP51.96%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Ultrahold StrongTM0.71%AMP53.29%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Ultrahold StrongTM0.59%AMP54.61%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetCA66 | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luviset CA66TM0.82%AMP51.98%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviset CA66TM0.69%AMP53.31%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Luviset CA66TM0.53%AMP54.67%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LtvisetCAN | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luviset CANTM0.82%AMP51.98%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviset CANTM0.70%AMP53.3%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilTM3.2%Luviset CANTM0.54%AMP54.66%乙醇40.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/Amphomer | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%AmphomerTM0.88%AMP51.92%乙醇40.0%DME | 4.0%Luvflex SilkTM2.0%AmphomerTM0.83%AMP52.87%乙醇40.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%AmphomerTM0.77%AMP54.43%乙醇40.0%DME |
实施例21至30
含丙烷/丁烷3.5巴或丙烷/丁烷3.5巴并加入DME的喷发胶
聚合物 | 混合比8∶2 | 混合比1∶1 | 混合比2∶8 |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolVA37 | 6.40%Luviflex Silk1.60%LuviskolVA37ETM0.74%AMP51.26%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.5(丙烷/丁烷3.5巴)30.00%DME | 4.0%Luviflex Silk4.0%LuviskolVA37ETM0.46%AMP51.54%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.530.00%DME | 1.6%Luviflex Silk6.4%LuviskolVA37ETM0.19%AMP51.81%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.530.00%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolK30 | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luviskol K30TM0.74%AMP52.06%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviskol K30TM0.46%AMP53.54%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Luviskol K30TM0.19%AMP55.01%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolPlus | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviskol PlusTM0.74%AMP50.86%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM5.0%Luviskol PlusTM0.46%AMP50.54%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM8.0%Luviskol PlusTM0.19%AMP50.21%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetP.U.R. | 不可能 | 4.0%Luvflex SilkTM6.67%Luviset P.U.RTM0.46%AMP48.87%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.530.00%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM10.67%Luviset P.U.R TM0.19%AMP47.54%乙醇15.0%Pr/Bu 3.525.00%DME |
LuviflexSilk/Luvimer100P | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luvimer 100PTM0.93%AMP51.87%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luvimer 100PTM0.94%AMP53.06%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Luvimer 100PTM0.95%AMP54.25%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 |
LuviflexSilk/Ultrahold8 | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Ultrahold 8TM0.82%AMP51.98%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 4.0%Luvflex SilkTM2.0%Ultrahold 8TM0.66%AMP53.34%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Ultrahold 8TM0.51%AMP54.69%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 |
6.4%Luviflex SilkTM | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM |
LuviflexSilk/UltraholdStrong | 0.8%Ultrahold StrongTM0.84%AMP51.96%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 2.0%Ultrahold StrongTM0.71%AMP53.29%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 3.2%Ultrahold StrongTM0.59%AMP54.61%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetCA66 | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luviset CA66TM0.82%AMP51.98%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.530.0%DME | 4.0%Luvflex SilkTM2.0%Luviset CA66TM0.69%AMP53.31%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.530.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Luviset CA66TM0.53%AMP54.67%乙醇10.0%Pr/Bu 3.530.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetCAN | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%Luviset CANTM0.82%AMP51.98%乙醇20.0%Pr/Bu 3.520.0%DME | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%Luviset CANTM0.70%AMP53.3%乙醇20.0%Pr/Bu 3.520.0%DME | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Luviset CANTM0.54%AMP54.66%乙醇20.0%Pr/Bu 3.520.0%DME |
LuviflexSilk/Amphomer | 6.4%Luviflex SilkTM0.8%AmphomerTM0.88%AMP51.92%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 4.0%Luviflex SilkTM2.0%AmphomerTM0.83%AMP52.87%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 | 1.6%Luviflex SilkTM3.2%Amphomer TM0.77%AMP54.43%乙醇40.0%Pr/Bu 3.5 |
实施例31至40
泵喷雾剂
聚合物 | 混合比8∶2 | 混合比r∶1 | 混合比2∶8 |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolVA37 | 10.85%Luviflex Silk2.66%LuviskolVA37ETM1.27%AMP85.22%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex Silk6.66%LuviskolVA37ETM0.79%AMP85.81%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex Silk10.64%LuviskolVA37ETM0.32%AMP86.35%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/LuviskolK30 | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTMl.33%Luviskol K30TM1.27%AMP86.55%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Luviskol K30TM0.79%AMP84.14%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM5.32%Luviskol K30TM0.32%AMP83.69%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/LiviskolPlus | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Luviskol PlusTM1.27%AMP84.55%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM8.33%Luviskol PlusTM0.79%AMP89.14%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM13.3%Luviskol PlusTM0.32%AMP90.21%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetP.U.R. | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM4.43%Luviset P.U.R.TM1.27%AMP83.45%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM11.1%Luviset P.U.RTM0.79%AMP81.37%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM17.73%Luviset P.U.RTM0.32%AMP79.26%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/ | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM1.33%Luvimer 100PTM | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Luvimer 100PTM | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM5.32%Luvimer 100PTM |
Luvimer100P | 1.55%AMP86.27%乙醇 | 1.56%AMP88.37%乙醇 | 1.58%AMP90.41%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/Ultrahold8 | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM1.33%Ultrahold 8TM1.36%AMP86.46%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Ultrahold 8TM1.1%AMP88.83%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM5.32%Ultrahold 8TM0.85%AMP91.14%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/UltraholdStrong | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM1.33%Ultrahold StrongTM1.4%AMP86.42%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Ultrahold StrongTM1.18%AMP88.75%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM5.32%Ultrahold StrongTM0.98%AMP91.01%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetCA66 | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM1.33%Luviset CA66TM1.36%AMP86.46%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Luviset CA66TM1.15%AMP88.78%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM5.32%Luviset CA66TM0.88%AMP91.11%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/LuvisetCAN | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM1.33%Luviset CANTM1.37%AMP86.45%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%Luviset CANTM1.17%AMP88.76%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM5.32%Luviset CANTM0.9%AMP91.09%乙醇 |
LuviflexSilk/Amphomer | 10.85%Luviflex SilkTM1.33%AmphomerTM1.47%AMP86.35%乙醇 | 6.74%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%AmphomerTM1.38%AMP88.55%乙醇 | 2.69%Luviflex SilkTM3.33%AmphomerTM1.28%AMP92.7%乙醇 |
实施例41
基于二甲基醚的喷发胶配料
1.00wt% Luviskol K30TM(BASF)
2.92wt% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.92wt% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
0.10wt% 己二酸二异丁酯(Ex.Crodanol DiBA,购自
Croda Oleochemicals)
0.05wt% 异癸烷
0.10wt% 芳香油
0.05wt% D-泛醇USPTM(BASF)
14.78wt% 软化水
36.08wt% 乙醇
40.00wt% 二甲基醚
实施例42
基于异丁烷和正戊烷的喷发胶配料
A)6.80% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.79% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
14.20% 正戊烷
2.40% 正丁烷
35.90% 异丁烷
39.91% 乙醇
B)3.00% Ultrahold StrongTM(BASF)
1.00% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.48% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
0.03% DOW Corning 190TM(Dow Corning)
14.20% 正戊烷
2.40% 正丁烷
35.90% 异丁烷
42.99% 乙醇
实施例43
上光喷雾胶(Glanzspray)
2.00% Luviset CA66TM(BASF)
2.00% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.46% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
1.00% DOW Corning 556(Dow Corning)
0.10% 烟酰胺
0.20% D-泛醇USPTM(BASF)
14.20% 正戊烷
35.90% 正丁烷
44.14% 乙醇
实施例44
含HFC 152A的喷发胶VOC80
2.00% Luviset CA66TM(BASF)
4.80% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.79% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
56.60% 乙醇
15.81% 挥发剂152 a(Ex.Dymel 152 a,购自DuPont)
20.00% 二甲醚
实施例45
含维生素的喷发胶VOC55
4.80% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
3.33% Luviset P.U.R.TM
0.57% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
0.10% 烟酰胺(Hoffmann-La Roche)
0.10% 泛醇USPTM(BASF)
38.83% 软化水
12.27% 乙醇
40.00% 二甲醚
实施例46
用于头发的防晒泵喷雾胶
2.00% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.23% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
2.00% Uvinul MS 40TM(BASF)(二苯甲酮-4)
95.77% 乙醇
实施例47
头发修复剂
1.00% Luviskol K30TM(BASF)
4.00% Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.48% 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
0.20% 水解小麦蛋白(Ex.Cropesol WTM,购自Croda,Inc.)
0.50% D-泛醇USPTM(BASF)
5.00% 1,2-丙二醇USPTM(BASF)
10.00% 乙醇
78.82% 软化水
实施例48
用于头发UV保护的上光凝胶(Shining Gel)
相A 0.80%Carbopol 2001 ETDTM(Goodrich)
33.84%软化水
相B 5.00%Abil 200(Goldschmidt)
3.00%KarionFP(Merek KGaA)
3.00%1,2-丙二醇USPTM(BASF)
1.00%Cremophor RH40TM(BASF)
适量防腐剂
相C 50.00%软化水
0.50%Uvinul P 25TM(BASF)(PEG-25PABA)
2.00%Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.23%2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
相D 0.63%2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
实施例49
染眉毛油
相A 1.50%Cremophor A 6TM(BASF)
1.50%Cremophor A25TM(BASF)
2.00%硬脂酸(Ex.Emersol 120TM,购自Henkel)
3.00%Imwitor 960 KTM(Hüls AG)
3.00%Softisan 100TM(Hüls AG)
1.50%Luvigel EMTM(BASF)
10.00%Dow Corning 345TM(Dow Corning)
相B 4.00%Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.46%2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇
0.30%Germal 115TM(Sutton)
72.24%软化水
相C 0.50%苯氧基乙醇(Ex.PenoxetolTM,
购自Nipa-Hardwicke)
实施例50
香波配料
1.50%Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.17%2-氨基-甲基丙醇
0.50%Luviskol K30TM(BASF)
10.00Tego-Beta ine L7
40.00%Texapone NSO
0.10%Euxyl K100
2.00%NaCl
45.73%水
实施例51
含Luviquat CareTM的香波配料
1.80%Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
0.21%2-氨基-甲基丙醇
0.20%Luviskol K30TM(BASF)
7.70%Luviquat CareTM(BASF)
10.00%Tego-Betaine L7
40.00%Texapone NSO
0.10%Euxyl K100
2.00%NaCl
37.99%水
实施例51
透明涂剂(Klarlack)
15.0%硝基纤维素
7.0%Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
2.4%樟脑
4.5%Palatinol A
7.0%异丙醇
8.0%乙酸甲酯
8.0%乙酸乙酯
14.0%乙酸异丙基酯
34.1%乙酸丁酯
实施例52
无硝基纤维素的透明涂剂
23.0%Luviflex SilkTM(BASF)
7.0%Ketjenflex MH
2.4%樟脑
4.5%Palatinol A
8.0%乙酸甲酯
8.0%乙酸乙酯
14.0%乙酸异丙基酯
33.1%乙酸丁酯
实施例53
VOC 55喷发胶
21.50%水
35.00%醇SD 40-B
0.95%氨甲基丙醇
8.00%LuviflexTM Silk
0.20%D,L-泛醇
0.10%UvinulTM MC 80(甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯)
0.10%MasilTM SF 19(聚二甲基硅氧烷Copolyol)
15.00%二甲基醚
20.00%氢氟烃152a
实施例54
VOC 55喷发胶
34.10%水
52.00%醇SD 40-B
0.50%氨甲基丙醇
9.00LuvisetTM P.U.R.(聚氨酯-1)
4.00%LuviflexTM Silk
2.00%D,L-泛醇
0.10%UvinulTM MC 80(甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯)
0.10%MasilTM SF 19(二甲聚硅氧烷Copolyol)
除非另有说明,实施例中所有百分比按重量计。
实施例55
在消毒喷雾剂中用作成膜剂
将150g聚合物(实施例5)溶于375软化水中,并加入375g乙醇。然后在搅拌下将100g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-碘(PVP-碘30/06,BASFAktiengesellschaft)溶于此聚合物溶液中,并将该制剂转移入泵喷雾瓶中。这种消毒喷雾剂在皮肤上显示非常良好的膜性能,并在应力条件(在52℃下7天)下贮存后未呈现任何碘损失。
性能
为测量抗弯刚度,制备另一些聚合物、本发明的聚合物和制剂(聚合物+另一聚合物)的3.0wt%浓度的溶液。
抗弯刚度在20℃和65%相对湿度下对5至10根头发丝束(à约3g,24cm长)测量。
将称取的干燥头发丝束浸入3%浓度的聚合物溶液中,通过浸渍和取出三次确保均匀分布。
将过量的成膜剂溶液在拇指与食指之间挤出,然后将头发丝束通过在滤纸之间挤压而小心挤压。接着将头发丝束用手成型,使它们具有圆形横截面。将它们在20℃和65%相对湿度下在气候控制室中干燥过夜。
这些测试在气候控制室中在20℃和65%相对湿度下用拉伸/压缩试验仪进行。
将头发丝束对称放置于用于样品插入的两个圆柱形辊上。然后用圆孔钻孔机将该丝束刚好自中心上面弯曲(聚合物膜断裂)。用称重单元(50N)测量其所需的力并以牛顿给出。
表1给出各聚合物的抗弯刚度,和在乙醇溶液中的本发明制剂(包括变化重量比(2∶8;1∶1;8∶2)的加聚物和另一聚合物)的抗弯刚度。使用的聚合物为Luviflex SilkTM(BASF),其抗弯刚度为109 cN。
表1:抗弯刚度cN(在无水乙醇中的3 wt%w.s.;20℃和65%相对湿度)
仅聚合物 | Luviflex SilkTM与聚合物的比例 | |||
2∶8 | 1∶1 | 8∶2 | ||
Luviskol VA 37 E | 80cN | 90 | 95 | 106 |
Luviset CAN | 125cN | 129 | 133 | 108 |
Ultrahold 8 | 80cN | 90 | 97 | 110 |
Luviskol Plus | 105cN | 120 | 117 | 116 |
表2给出各聚合物的抗弯刚度,和在VOC 80配料中的本发明制剂(包括变化重量比(2∶8;1∶1;8∶2)的聚合物和另一聚合物)的抗弯刚度。使用的聚合物为Luviflex SilkTM(BASF),其在VOC 80配料中的抗弯刚度为120cN。
表2:抗弯刚度cN(在VOC 80中的3wt%w.s.;20℃和65%相对湿度)
仅聚合物 | Luviflex SilkTM与聚合物的比例 | |||
2∶8 | 1∶1 | 8∶2 | ||
Luviskol VA 37 E | 109cN | 137 | 132 | 114 |
Luviset CA 66 | 112cN | 159 | 123 | 117 |
Ultrahold Strong | 180cN | 166 | 169 | 140 |
Luviskol Plus | 129cN | 172 | 150 | 126 |
Luviset P.U.R. | 168cN | 188 | 166 | 140 |
Amphomer | 166cN | 172 | 152 | 175 |
从表1和2清楚看出,在乙醇溶液和VOC 80配料中本发明制剂的抗弯刚度明显大于各聚合物的抗弯刚度之和。
为测量卷曲保持率,制备聚合物、加聚物和本发明制剂(聚合物+另一聚合物)的浓度为1.8wt%的溶液。各种情况下所用的对比样品为单个的另一聚合物或聚合物。本发明的制剂以重量比8∶2、1∶1和2∶8制备。
卷曲保持率按如下测量
将洗涤的干燥头发丝束在约40℃下在50%浓度乙醇(无水乙醇/蒸馏水1∶1)中放置15分钟。
将过量的液体在拇指与食指之间挤出,并将头发丝束围绕有机玻璃管缠绕。然后将头发丝束在65至70℃下干燥过夜。
在室温下15分钟后,将头发展开。在旋转发束的同时在其上喷雾约5g喷发胶(自约20cm处)。然后将其放置在室温下干燥1小时。
将发束一端悬挂并测量发束的长度(LO)。将该发束放置于气候控制箱(25℃,90%相对湿度)中,并在15、30、60和90分钟,及2、3、4、5和24小时后测量其长度(Lt)。测试对至少5个头发丝束进行。
弯曲保持率%=[(L-Lt)/(L-LO)]×100
L=头发长度(15.5cm)
LO=干燥后的头发长度
Lt=在气候控制条件下处理后的头发长度
表3给出各聚合物的卷曲保持率,和在乙醇中的本发明制剂(包括变化重量比(2∶8;1∶1;8∶2)的加聚物和另一聚合物)的卷曲保持率。使用的聚合物为Luviflex SilkTM(BASF),其卷曲保持率为93%。
表3:卷曲保持率%(在无水乙醇中的1.8wt%w.s.;25℃和90%相对湿度)
仅聚合物 | Luviflex SilkTM与聚合物的比例 | |||
2∶8 | 1∶1 | 8∶2 | ||
Luviskol VA 37 E | 20% | 34 | 74 | 82 |
Luviskol K 30 | <20% | 25 | 70 | 84 |
Luviset CAN | 60% | 77 | 88 | 84 |
Luviset CA 66 | 20% | 65 | 75 | 70 |
表4给出各聚合物的卷曲保持率,和在VOC 80配料中的本发明制剂(包括变化重量比(2∶8;1∶1;8∶2)的加聚物和另一聚合物)的卷曲保持率。使用的加聚物为Luviflex SilkTM(BASF),其在VOC 80配料中具有卷曲保持率为87%。
表4:卷曲保持率%(在VOC 80中的1.8wt%w.s.;25℃和90%相对湿度)
仅聚合物 | Luviflex Silk与聚合物的比例 | |||
2∶8 | 1∶1 | 8∶2 | ||
Luviskol VA 37 E | 23% | 23 | 75 | 77 |
Luviset CA 66 | 34% | 79 | 67 | 79 |
Claims (8)
1.一种聚合物在药物制剂中的用途,所述聚合物通过自由基聚合如下组分的单体混合物获得:
(a)如下通式的烯属不饱和单体:
X-C(O)CR7=CHR6
其中:
X选自-OH、-OM、-OR8、NH2、-NHR8、N(R8)2;
M为选自Na+、K+、Mg++、Ca++、Zn++、NH4 +、烷基铵、二烷基铵、三烷基铵和四烷基铵的阳离子;
基团R8可为选自-H、C1-C40直链或支链烷基、N,N-二甲氨基乙基、2-羟乙基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、羟丙基、甲氧基丙基或乙氧基丙基的相同或不同基团;
R7和R6相互独立地选自-H、C1-C8直链或支链烷基、甲氧基、乙氧基、2-羟基乙氧基、2-甲氧基乙氧基和2-乙氧基乙基。
(b)如下通式I的含聚烯化氧的聚硅氧烷衍生物:
其中:
R2=CH3或
R3=CH3或R2
R4=H,CH3,
R6为可含有氨基、羧酸或磺酸酯基团的具有1至40个碳原子的有机基团,或对于c=0,为无机酸的阴离子,
和其中基团R1可以相同或不同,并衍生自具有1至20个碳原子的脂族烃基,为具有3至20个碳原子的环状脂族烃,为芳烃基团,或与R5相同,其中:
条件是基团R1、R2或R3中的至少一个为上面定义的含聚烯化氧的基团,
和n为1至6的整数,
x和y为使聚硅氧烷嵌段的分子量为300至30,000的整数,
a,b为0至50之间的整数,条件是a与b之和大于0,和c为0或1。
2.如权利要求1的用途,其中通式I具有如下含义:
其中R1和R5具有权利要求1所给的含义。
4.如权利要求1至3中任何一项的用途,其中
(a)为至少一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
5.如权利要求1至3中任何一项的用途,其中
(a)选自
(a1)丙烯酸叔丁酯,和
(a2)甲基丙烯酸。
6.如权利要求1至3中任何一项的用途,其中
(a)的量为50至99.9wt%,和
(b)的量为0.1至50wt%,
条件是这些组分加和为100%。
7.如权利要求5的用途,其中
(a1)的量为49.5至99wt%,
(a2)的量为0.5至40wt%,
(b)的量为0.5至20wt%,
条件是这些组分加和为100%。
8.如权利要求1至3中任何一项的用途,作为药物制剂中的成膜剂、包衣剂和/或粘结剂。
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FR2798589B1 (fr) | 1999-09-16 | 2001-11-30 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique comprenant au moins un copolymere silicone/acrylate et au moins un agent epaississant |
FR2798587B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-11-30 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique comprenant au moins un copolymere silicone/acrylate et au moins un agent photoprotecteur |
FR2801198B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-16 | 2002-01-11 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique comprenant au moins un copolymere silicone/acrylate et au moins un agent de conditionnement |
FR2801199B1 (fr) | 1999-09-16 | 2002-01-11 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique comprenant au moins un copolymere silicone/acrylate et au moins un polymere non ionique a motif vynil lactame |
FR2798588B1 (fr) | 1999-09-16 | 2001-11-30 | Oreal | Dispositif aerosol contenant une composition capillaire comprenant au moins un copolymere silicone/acrylate |
FR2801200B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-19 | 2003-04-25 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique capillaire procurant de bonnes proprietes de tenue et comprenant des polymeres filmogenes |
FR2801203B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-19 | 2002-12-27 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique capillaire procurant de bonnes proprietes de tenue et comprenant des polyurethannes |
DE10118478A1 (de) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-17 | Basf Ag | Polysiloxanhaltige Polymere zur Antiknitterausrüstung von cellulosehaltigen Textilien |
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US7118732B2 (en) | 2004-05-10 | 2006-10-10 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Tooth-whitening compositions comprising silicone polymer and methods therefor |
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US3471588A (en) * | 1964-12-29 | 1969-10-07 | Union Carbide Corp | Silicone ether-olefin graft copolymers and process for their production |
US4898920A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1990-02-06 | Dow Corning Corporation | Adhesive compositions, controlled release compositions and transdermal delivery device |
FR2649115B1 (fr) * | 1989-06-29 | 1994-10-28 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Dispersion aqueuse a base d'huiles silicones et de (co)polymere organique reticulant en un elastomere par elimination de l'eau |
US5166276A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1992-11-24 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Ltd. | Polymer for hair-care products |
ES2062384T3 (es) * | 1989-08-07 | 1994-12-16 | Procter & Gamble | Composiciones de acondicionamiento y marcado del cabello. |
DE4407189A1 (de) * | 1994-03-04 | 1995-09-07 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Polysiloxan-Polyoxyalkylen-Blockmischpolymerisate und ihre Verwendung als Zusatzmittel für Haarkosmetika |
FR2740037B1 (fr) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-12-05 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Compositions cosmetiques pour le cheveu et la peau a base de polyorganosiloxanes fonctionnalises greffes |
DE59814329D1 (de) * | 1997-07-23 | 2009-02-05 | Basf Se | Verwendung von polysiloxanhaltigen polymeren für kosmetische formulierungen |
-
2000
- 2000-08-23 EP EP00962362A patent/EP1207843A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-08-23 WO PCT/EP2000/008220 patent/WO2001013884A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-23 JP JP2001518023A patent/JP2003507407A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-08-23 CN CNB008120994A patent/CN1194024C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1371268A (zh) | 2002-09-25 |
EP1207843A2 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
WO2001013884A2 (de) | 2001-03-01 |
JP2003507407A (ja) | 2003-02-25 |
WO2001013884A3 (de) | 2001-12-06 |
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