CN119070447A - A charging method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
A charging method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN119070447A CN119070447A CN202411546543.3A CN202411546543A CN119070447A CN 119070447 A CN119070447 A CN 119070447A CN 202411546543 A CN202411546543 A CN 202411546543A CN 119070447 A CN119070447 A CN 119070447A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明实施例提供的一种充电方法、装置、设备和介质，具有以下有益效果：通过标定电池腔体的热容和最大散热系数；获取多个电池温度，辨识电池腔体热平衡方程的第一系数和第二系数，分别用于估算电池平均阻抗和散热系数；电池温度小于一级温度过高阈值，以最大充电电流充电；电池温度大于或等于一级温度过高阈值、小于二级温度过高阈值，根据电池腔体热平衡方程、热容、电池平均阻抗和散热系数，估算充电电流并充电；电池温度大于或等于二级温度过高阈值，充电电流是零。本发明对电池腔体参数进行精确标定，并且通过电池腔体内温度和电池温度实时估算充电电流进而使得充电过程一直处于较高功率，从而有效加快了充电速率。
A charging method, device, equipment and medium provided by an embodiment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: by calibrating the heat capacity and maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity; obtaining multiple battery temperatures, identifying the first coefficient and the second coefficient of the thermal balance equation of the battery cavity, which are used to estimate the average impedance and heat dissipation coefficient of the battery respectively; when the battery temperature is less than the first-level temperature over-threshold, charging with the maximum charging current; when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first-level temperature over-threshold and less than the second-level temperature over-threshold, the charging current is estimated and charged according to the thermal balance equation of the battery cavity, the heat capacity, the average impedance of the battery and the heat dissipation coefficient; when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second-level temperature over-threshold, the charging current is zero. The present invention accurately calibrates the battery cavity parameters, and estimates the charging current in real time through the temperature in the battery cavity and the battery temperature, so that the charging process is always at a higher power, thereby effectively speeding up the charging rate.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery management, and in particular, to a charging method, apparatus, device, and medium.
Background
With the continuous development of electric operation in recent years, battery consistency is a key element of the core, and the problems of long service pain points of the battery such as long charging time and thermal runaway of the battery are more and more concerned by consumers. For the battery which is charged rapidly, battery manufacturers continuously increase the charging rate, the battery temperature rises sharply, the thermal runaway battery is caused by the abuse of the battery in most cases, particularly, the battery is charged with high power when the battery temperature is high, the temperature is overheated to cause material side reaction, and the service life is reduced or internal short circuit occurs.
For high temperature charging problems, over-temperature staged charging management is typically used to address this issue. The method is divided into a first stage, a second stage and the like at the over-temperature. Each stage corresponds to a temperature threshold and return difference. For example, a two-stage warning system is arranged, a battery manufacturer recommends that the highest charging temperature is 55 ℃, the primary overtemperature warning corresponds to 50 ℃, and if the return difference is 3 ℃, the primary overtemperature warning is released at 47 ℃, and the charging power of the primary overtemperature warning is reduced by 0.5 times. Similarly, the secondary overtemperature alarm corresponds to 55 ℃, if the return difference is 3 ℃, the secondary overtemperature alarm is released at 52 ℃, and the charging power of the primary overtemperature alarm is reduced by 0.1 times, and the above figures are taken as examples. However, when the primary alarm or the secondary alarm is triggered, the charging power is reduced, when the heat dissipation speed is higher than the heat generation speed, the temperature is reduced, the primary over-temperature alarm or the secondary alarm is released, and the charging power is normal. When the temperature is between the trigger threshold and the release threshold, the charging speed decreases.
As can be seen from the above description, the present battery charging management method results in a reduced charging speed, and how to increase the charging speed of the battery is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect of low speed of the existing charging method, the invention provides a charging method, a device, equipment and a medium.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a charging method including the steps of:
calibrating the heat capacity of the battery cavity, wherein the heat capacity is an average value of the ratio of total heat generation to upward temperature rise in the battery cavity measured for a plurality of times;
Calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, wherein the maximum heat dissipation coefficient is the heating power which is heated from the temperature lower than the primary temperature over-high threshold and is maintained at the primary temperature over-high threshold;
Acquiring a plurality of battery temperatures, identifying a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, wherein the first coefficient is used for estimating the average impedance of a battery, the second coefficient is used for estimating a heat dissipation coefficient, and the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to a primary temperature over-high threshold and a secondary temperature over-high threshold and limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient;
When the temperature of the battery is lower than the first-level temperature threshold value, charging the battery with the maximum charging current;
When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the primary temperature overhigh threshold and less than the secondary temperature overhigh threshold, estimating charging current according to the battery cavity body heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated battery average impedance and the corrected heat dissipation coefficient, and charging the battery with the estimated charging current;
when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second-stage temperature threshold, the charging current is reduced to zero.
Optionally, the heat capacity of the calibration battery cavity is obtained by the following formula:
,
,
,
where C is the heat capacity of the battery cavity, qi is the total heat generated in the ith heated battery cavity, I 0 is the current through the resistance of the heated battery cavity, R 0 is the resistance of the heated battery cavity, Is the time of the i-th heating,Is the rising temperature of the heating battery cavity for the ith time,Is a preset temperature interval.
Optionally, the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to the first-stage temperature too high threshold and the second-stage temperature too high threshold, and is calculated by the following formula:
,
Wherein, Is the modified heat dissipation coefficient of the heat dissipation device,Is the estimated heat dissipation coefficient, T is the collected battery temperature,Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is a second order hyperthermia threshold.
Optionally, the estimating the charging current according to the battery cavity heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average battery impedance and the heat dissipation coefficient is obtained by the following formula:
,
Wherein I is charging current, C is calibrated heat capacity, Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is the temperature of the battery which is collected,Is the acquired ambient temperature of the device,Is a preset time interval for which,Is the modified heat dissipation factor and R is the estimated average impedance of the battery.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a charging device, including:
the heat capacity calibration module is used for calibrating the heat capacity of the battery cavity, wherein the heat capacity is an average value of the ratio of total heat generated in the battery cavity to the upward temperature rise measured for a plurality of times;
the maximum heat dissipation coefficient calibration module is used for calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, wherein the maximum heat dissipation coefficient is the heating power which is heated from the temperature lower than the first-stage temperature over-high threshold and is maintained at the first-stage temperature over-high threshold;
The identification module is used for acquiring a plurality of battery temperatures, identifying a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, wherein the first coefficient is used for estimating the average impedance of the battery, the second coefficient is used for estimating a heat dissipation coefficient, and the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to a primary temperature over-high threshold value and a secondary temperature over-high threshold value and is limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient;
the charging module is used for charging the battery with the maximum charging current when the temperature of the battery is smaller than the primary temperature threshold value which is too high, estimating the charging current according to the battery cavity body heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average impedance of the battery and the corrected heat dissipation coefficient when the temperature of the battery is larger than or equal to the primary temperature threshold value which is too high and smaller than the secondary temperature threshold value, and charging the battery with the estimated charging current when the temperature of the battery is larger than or equal to the secondary temperature threshold value which is too high.
Optionally, the heat capacity calibration module calibrates the heat capacity of the battery cavity, and the heat capacity is obtained through the following formula:
,
,
,
where C is the heat capacity of the battery cavity, qi is the total heat generated in the ith heated battery cavity, I 0 is the current through the resistance of the heated battery cavity, R 0 is the resistance of the heated battery cavity, Is the time of the i-th heating,Is the rising temperature of the heating battery cavity for the ith time,Is a preset temperature interval.
Optionally, the identification module corrects the heat dissipation coefficient according to the primary temperature too high threshold and the secondary temperature too high threshold, and calculates the heat dissipation coefficient according to the following formula:
,
Wherein, Is the modified heat dissipation coefficient of the heat dissipation device,Is the estimated heat dissipation coefficient, T is the collected battery temperature,Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is a second order hyperthermia threshold.
Optionally, the charging module estimates the charging current according to the battery cavity heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average battery impedance and the heat dissipation coefficient, and the charging current is obtained by the following formula:
,
Wherein I is charging current, C is calibrated heat capacity, Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is the temperature of the battery which is collected,Is the acquired ambient temperature of the device,Is a preset time interval for which,Is the modified heat dissipation factor and R is the estimated average impedance of the battery.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the charging method as in any one of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes or a set of instructions, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the set of codes or the set of instructions being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the steps of the charging method as in any one of the embodiments above.
As described above, the charging method, device, equipment and medium provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that the heat capacity of the battery cavity is calibrated by measuring the heat capacity of the battery cavity for a plurality of times, wherein the heat capacity is an average value of the ratio of total heat to rising temperature generated in the battery cavity, calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, wherein the maximum heat dissipation coefficient is heated from the temperature lower than a first-stage temperature over-high threshold and maintains heating power at the first-stage temperature over-high threshold, acquiring a plurality of battery temperatures, identifying a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, wherein the first coefficient is used for estimating the average impedance of the battery, the second coefficient is used for estimating the heat dissipation coefficient, the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to the first-stage temperature over-high threshold and the second-stage temperature over-high threshold, the battery is charged with the maximum charging current when the battery temperature is lower than the first-stage temperature over-high threshold, the battery temperature is balanced according to the first-stage temperature over-high threshold and the heating power is maintained at the first-stage temperature over-high threshold, the battery temperature is estimated to be equal to the average heat dissipation coefficient when the battery temperature is higher than the first-stage temperature over-high threshold and the second-stage temperature over-high, and the heat dissipation coefficient is estimated to be equal to the average current when the charging temperature of the battery is equal to the first-stage temperature and the second-stage temperature over-high. According to the invention, the parameters of the battery cavity are accurately calibrated, and the charging current is estimated in real time through the temperature in the battery cavity and the battery temperature, so that the charging process is always at higher power, and the charging rate of the battery is effectively accelerated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device for executing a charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the present embodiment merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings rather than the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.
The charging method of the embodiment of the invention can be applied to a power supply system on a mobile phone battery, an automobile battery or any other terminal equipment, and in a specific application scene, the battery is usually arranged in a cavity, so that the external environment of the battery cavity needs to be considered for charging the battery. In order to facilitate the description of the charging method of the present invention, the present invention is specifically described with reference to a mobile phone battery, and it is envisioned that the method is also applicable to other battery charging scenarios, and all the methods shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The cell phone battery is typically placed in this battery cavity of the cell phone housing. A temperature sensor can be arranged on a mobile phone battery for detecting the temperature of the battery, and an NTC temperature sensor (English: negative Temperature Coeffient Thermistor, chinese: negative temperature coefficient thermistor) can be used in specific implementation, wherein the sensor is a thermistor, the resistance of the sensor is reduced along with the increase of the temperature, and the sensor shows a negative temperature coefficient characteristic. For cost reasons, the chip internal temperature may be used as the ambient temperature Tenv at which the battery cavity is located, and a temperature sensor may be deployed in the battery cavity to measure the ambient temperature as well. The battery charging process sets a maximum charging current Imax, a primary over-temperature threshold Talarm, and a secondary over-temperature threshold Talarm.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, where the embodiment of the present invention shows a flow chart of the charging method:
And step S101, calibrating the heat capacity of the battery cavity, wherein the heat capacity is the average value of the ratio of total heat generation to upward temperature rise in the battery cavity measured for a plurality of times.
The heat capacity (English: HEAT CAPACITY) refers to the amount of heat absorbed (or released) per unit of increase (or decrease) in temperature of an object or system. The thermal capacity of the battery cavity reflects the thermal properties of the battery cavity as the temperature changes. The unit of heat capacity is typically joules per kelvin (J/K).
In order to calibrate the heat capacity of the battery cavity, a direct measurement method can be adopted, a plurality of sensors are arranged in the battery cavity of the mobile phone and used for monitoring the temperature of the cavity, a heat source is placed at a corresponding position of the battery cavity, the cavity and the heat source are placed in an adiabatic environment so as to reduce external heat exchange, heating is started for a period of time with constant power, and temperature data and heating energy of the period of time are recorded.
Specifically, an insulating cavity (consistent with the cell cavity space of the mobile phone) can be manufactured, a resistor (for example, 100mΩ) is placed in the cavity, the space position of the resistor is located at the cell position of the mobile phone, and an NTC is placed at the chip position of the mobile phone.
In the calibration process, the resistor is powered, the resistor works as a heat source, and when the battery cavity rises by a unit temperature (for example, 1 ℃), the time is recorded, so that the heat generated by the resistor can be calculated, and the heat change corresponding to the unit temperature change, namely, the heat capacity is obtained.
In practice, the following formula can be used for calculation:
,
,
,
where C is the heat capacity of the battery cavity, qi is the total heat generated in the ith heated battery cavity, I 0 is the current through the resistance of the heated battery cavity, R 0 is the resistance of the heated battery cavity, Is the time of the i-th heating,Is the rising temperature of the heating battery cavity for the ith time,Is a preset temperature interval.
Illustratively, the 1 st time the resistor is energized with a current strength of I 0 (e.g., 1A) such that the battery cavity heats up,Is a preset temperature interval which can be set to any value, and in the embodiment of the invention, can be set to 1 ℃, and the total heat generated by the resistor R 0 is recorded at the time of t1The heat capacity obtained by heating the battery cavity for the 1 st time is calculated as。
In turn, when n=2, i.e. the 2 nd heating of the battery cavity, the battery cavity heats upRecording the total heat generated by resistor R 0 when heating is used for t2Thereby calculating the heat capacity obtained by heating the battery cavity for the 2 nd time as。
Similarly, the battery can be heated for n times, n is a natural number, for example, n can be 100 times, and the heat capacity C of the battery cavity is obtained by averaging, so that the physical characteristics of the battery cavity are relatively fixed.
And step S102, calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, heating from a temperature lower than a first-stage temperature over-high threshold value, and maintaining the heating power at the first-stage temperature over-high threshold value.
Similarly, based on the battery cavity and the temperature sensor configured in the above steps, the battery cavity of the mobile phone is placed in an environment with a first-level temperature over-high threshold Talarm1 by adopting a direct measurement method, then placed in an environment with Talarm-1, and slowly heated, the average temperature of the cavity is kept to be Talarm1, and the heating power of the observation resistor R 0 is P1_1. And in the same way, the temperature is placed in Talarm-n environments, slow heating is carried out, the average temperature of the cavity is Talarm, and the heating power P1_n and n of the observation resistor R 0 are natural numbers. Each heating power is the corresponding maximum heat dissipation coefficient. Thus, n maximum heat dissipation coefficients can be obtainedThereby obtaining a maximum heat dissipation coefficientA list.
In an exemplary embodiment, if the first order hyperthermia threshold is configured to be 55 ℃, then 55 ℃ to 1 ℃, i.e., 54 ℃, corresponds to the maximum heat dissipation factor of rRecorded as P1_1, 55 ℃ to 2 ℃ which is 53 ℃ corresponding maximum heat dissipation coefficientRecorded as P1_2, maximum heat dissipation coefficient at 55 ℃ to 3 ℃, i.e. 52 ℃ corresponding to rMaximum heat dissipation coefficient recorded as P1_3, 55 ℃ to n ℃ corresponding to rRecorded as p1_n.
The maximum heat dissipation coefficient marked in the embodiment of the inventionIs used for limiting the maximum value to be used, and avoiding the non-convergence and divergence when the heat dissipation coefficient is estimated subsequently.
Step S103, acquiring a plurality of battery temperatures, and identifying a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, wherein the first coefficient is used for estimating the average impedance of the battery, the second coefficient is used for estimating a heat dissipation coefficient, the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to a primary temperature over-high threshold and a secondary temperature over-high threshold, and the heat dissipation coefficient is limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient.
Through the calibration of the above steps, the heat capacity and the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity have been obtained. In the specific working process of the battery, the battery temperature needs to be obtained in real time, and the method for obtaining the battery temperature can be referred to the description of the above embodiment and is not repeated here. And then, according to a plurality of battery temperatures acquired in real time, identifying the battery cavity body heat balance equation by using a least square method.
The differential form of the cell cavity heat balance equation is as follows:
,
wherein P represents the power of a heating source, C is the heat capacity of a battery cavity, namely the heat capacity is calibrated by the steps, alpha represents the heat dissipation coefficient, T is the battery temperature, tenv is the acquired ambient temperature, and both are scalar quantities.
Discretization equation the battery cavity body heat balance equation is:
,
for the battery cavity of the mobile phone, the battery cavity is also provided with a screen, and the power consumption devices such as a main board and the like generate heat, so that the impedance value of the heat generation source is not only the heat generation of the battery, but also the impedance of the heat generated in the whole circuit working process in the battery cavity, and the real-time online parameter identification can be realized. The impedance of the battery is related to the temperature and SOC (State of Charge, chinese) State, and SOC State change is a slow process, but temperature change is very obvious during charging. At the same time, the heat dissipation coefficient and the external environment of the cavity and other heat sources are influenced, so that the least square method needs to have forgetting property, and the magnitude of the forgetting coefficient is related to the variation of the temperature.
For any linear system can be expressed as:
,
The least squares recursive algorithm for estimating the parameters of the on-line identification is as follows (the derivation process is omitted here):
,
,
,
Wherein:
representing forgetting factors;
representing a parameter vector to be estimated;
Representing a parameter vector of the kth estimation;
representing the gain factor;
representing the acquired output;
Representing the acquired input quantity;
Representing an estimation error covariance;
the discretized cell cavity heat balance equation is written as follows:
,
Then
,
,
To simplify the deduction calculation and facilitate the explanation of the analysis procedure:
,
,
Using the least squares principle, an optimal parameter vector is estimated such that the sum of squares of errors of the temperature estimate and the actual acquisition value for k acquisitions is minimized. Can be obtained according to the principle of recursive least square method Then resolving the vector to obtain the required identification parameters, whereinIs a first coefficient, related to the average impedance of the battery,Is the second coefficient, related to the heat dissipation coefficient:
,
,
The average impedance and the heat dissipation coefficient of the current battery are estimated in real time through the steps, and the heat dissipation coefficient is constrained by the maximum heat dissipation coefficient calibrated through the steps, namely, when the heat dissipation coefficient estimated in real time is higher than the calibrated maximum heat dissipation coefficient, the heat dissipation coefficient is constrained to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient, so that the convergence of calculation is ensured.
In addition, in order to ensure robustness and safety, after the heat dissipation coefficient is larger than the primary temperature too high temperature threshold, the estimated heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to the primary temperature too high threshold and the secondary temperature too high threshold, so that the following relationship exists:
,
Wherein, the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected, Is the estimated heat dissipation coefficient, T is the collected battery temperature,Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is a second order hyperthermia threshold.
Step S104, when the battery temperature is smaller than the first-stage temperature over-high threshold, the battery is charged with the maximum charging current.
According to the battery temperature monitored in real time, if the battery temperature is smaller than the first-level temperature threshold value, the battery temperature is indicated to be within an allowable range, and in order to ensure the fastest charging speed, the battery can be charged by using the maximum charging current.
And step 105, estimating charging current according to the battery cavity body heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average impedance of the battery and the corrected heat dissipation coefficient when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the primary temperature overhigh threshold and less than the secondary temperature overhigh threshold, and charging the battery with the estimated charging current.
When the battery temperature is detected to be greater than or equal to the primary temperature threshold and less than the secondary temperature threshold, the battery is beyond the safety range, and the charging current needs to be regulated.
Specifically, according to the battery cavity body heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average battery impedance and the corrected heat dissipation coefficient, the charging current is estimated, and the charging current is obtained by the following formula:
,
Wherein I is charging current, C is calibrated heat capacity, is a first-level temperature over-high threshold, Is the temperature of the battery which is collected,Is the acquired ambient temperature of the device,Is a preset time interval for which,Is the modified heat dissipation factor and R is the estimated average impedance of the battery. The time interval may be set according to a specific implementation environment, for example, set to 1s, which is not limited in the present invention.
In the implementation, when the battery temperature T n is monitored to exceed the first-level temperature over-high threshold, the battery temperature reserved in the previous time interval is extracted, and the maximum heat dissipation coefficient corresponding to the corresponding battery temperature value can be inquired and obtained according to the battery temperature. According to the value relation of the heat dissipation coefficients determined in the steps, the heat dissipation coefficients can be determined uniquely. In this way, the heat capacity C is calibrated, talarm is preconfigured when the primary temperature is too high, the battery temperature Tn is acquired by the temperature sensor, the ambient temperature Tenv is acquired by the temperature sensor, Δt is preconfigured, and the charging current I used in the current time interval can be solved by the above formula, and the battery is charged by the charging current.
At the next time interval Δt, the corresponding charging current is calculated in the same way.
In this way, the accurate control of the charging current can be realized, and the charging power is quickly responded and the required adjustment quantity is quickly found through real-time estimation, so that the adjustment time is shortened, and the battery charging is ensured to be completed at the highest speed.
And S106, when the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to the second-stage temperature over-high threshold value, the charging current is reduced to zero.
And if the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second-level temperature over-high threshold, the battery temperature is beyond the safety range, the charging current is reduced to zero, and the heat dissipation of the battery is waited.
As can be seen from the description of the above embodiments, the charging method provided by the embodiments of the present invention is to calibrate the heat capacity of the battery cavity, which is an average value of the ratio of total heat generated in the battery cavity to the temperature rising temperature, by measuring the heat capacity of the battery cavity a plurality of times, calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, which is the heating power heated from the temperature lower than the first-stage temperature threshold and maintained at the first-stage temperature threshold, obtain a plurality of battery temperatures, identify the first coefficient and the second coefficient in the battery cavity heat balance equation using the least square method, which are used for estimating the average impedance of the battery, and correct the heat dissipation coefficient according to the first-stage temperature threshold and the second-stage temperature threshold, which is limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient, charge the battery with the maximum charging current when the battery temperature is lower than the first-stage temperature threshold, when the battery temperature is higher than or equal to the first-stage temperature threshold and lower than the second-stage temperature threshold, identify the first coefficient and the second coefficient in the battery cavity heat balance equation, and estimate the heat dissipation coefficient when the battery temperature is higher than the first-stage temperature threshold and equal to the average current and equal to zero when the estimated heat dissipation coefficient is higher than the first-stage temperature threshold and equal to the average current and equal to the charging current. According to the invention, the charging current is estimated in real time according to the battery cavity temperature and the battery temperature, so that the charging power is adjusted, the charging process is always at higher power, the charging rate is accelerated, meanwhile, the charging power is enabled to quickly respond and quickly find out the required adjustment quantity by a method of calibrating the heat dissipation coefficient, and the adjustment time is reduced.
From the above description of the method embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platform, but of course also by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in part in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. The storage medium includes a read-only memory (ROM), a random-access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc., which can store the program code.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that are operable to perform the charging method of any of the method embodiments described above.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the charging method provided by the invention, the invention also provides a charging device.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the charging device includes:
the heat capacity calibration module 11 is used for calibrating the heat capacity of the battery cavity, wherein the heat capacity is an average value of the ratio of total heat quantity to upward temperature rise generated in the battery cavity by multiple measurements;
A maximum heat dissipation coefficient calibration module 12, configured to calibrate a maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, where the maximum heat dissipation coefficient is heated from a temperature lower than a first-level temperature threshold and maintains a heating power at the first-level temperature threshold;
The identifying module 13 is configured to obtain a plurality of battery temperatures, identify a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, where the first coefficient is used to estimate an average impedance of the battery, and the second coefficient is used to estimate a heat dissipation coefficient, and correct the heat dissipation coefficient according to a primary temperature too high threshold and a secondary temperature too high threshold, and the heat dissipation coefficient is limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient;
The charging module 14 is configured to charge the battery with a maximum charging current when the battery temperature is less than the first-stage over-high threshold, estimate the charging current according to the battery cavity thermal balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average battery impedance, and the modified heat dissipation coefficient when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first-stage over-high threshold and less than the second-stage over-high threshold, and charge the battery with the estimated charging current when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second-stage over-high threshold.
Optionally, the heat capacity calibration module 11 calibrates the heat capacity of the battery cavity, and the heat capacity is obtained by the following formula:
,
,
,
where C is the heat capacity of the battery cavity, qi is the total heat generated in the ith heated battery cavity, I 0 is the current through the resistance of the heated battery cavity, R 0 is the resistance of the heated battery cavity, Is the time of the i-th heating,Is the rising temperature of the heating battery cavity for the ith time,Is a preset temperature interval.
Optionally, the identification module 13 corrects the heat dissipation coefficient according to the primary temperature too high threshold and the secondary temperature too high threshold, and calculates the heat dissipation coefficient according to the following formula:
,
Wherein, the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected, Is the estimated heat dissipation coefficient, T is the collected battery temperature,Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is a second order hyperthermia threshold.
Optionally, the charging module 14 estimates the charging current according to the battery cavity heat balance equation, and the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average battery impedance, and the heat dissipation coefficient, by the following formula:
,
Wherein I is charging current, C is calibrated heat capacity, is a first-level temperature over-high threshold, Is the temperature of the battery which is collected,Is the acquired ambient temperature of the device,Is a preset time interval for which,Is the modified heat dissipation factor and R is the estimated average impedance of the battery.
Fig. 3 is a schematic hardware structure of an electronic device for executing a charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 3, the device includes:
one or more processors 310 and a memory 320, one processor 310 being illustrated in fig. 3.
The apparatus for performing the charging method may further include an input device 330 and an output device 340.
The processor 310, memory 320, input device 330, and output device 340 may be connected by a bus or other means, for example in fig. 3.
The memory 320 is used as a non-volatile computer readable storage medium for storing non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules (e.g., the heat capacity calibration module 11, the maximum heat dissipation coefficient calibration module 12, the identification module 13, and the charging module 14 shown in fig. 2) corresponding to the charging method according to the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 310 executes various functional applications of the server and data processing, i.e., implements the method embodiment charging method described above, by running non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 320.
The memory 320 may include a storage program area that may store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function, and a storage data area that may store data created according to the use of the charged processing device, etc. In addition, memory 320 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 320 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 310, which may be connected to the charged processing device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input device 330 may receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the charged processing device. The output device 340 may include a display device such as a display screen.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 320 that, when executed by the one or more processors 310, perform the charging method of any of the method embodiments described above.
The product can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment may be found in the methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
The electronic device of the embodiments of the present invention exists in a variety of forms including, but not limited to:
(1) Mobile communication devices, which are characterized by mobile communication functionality and are aimed at providing voice, data communication. Such terminals include smart phones (e.g., iPhone), multimedia phones, functional phones, and low-end phones, among others.
(2) Ultra mobile personal computer equipment, which belongs to the category of personal computers, has the functions of calculation and processing and generally has the characteristic of mobile internet surfing. Such terminals include PDA, MID and UMPC devices, etc., such as iPad.
(3) Portable entertainment devices such devices can display and play multimedia content. Such devices include audio, video players (e.g., iPod), palm game consoles, electronic books, and smart toys and portable car navigation devices.
(4) The server is similar to a general computer architecture in that the server is provided with high-reliability services, and therefore, the server has high requirements on processing capacity, stability, reliability, safety, expandability, manageability and the like.
(5) Other electronic devices with data interaction function.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, with reference to the description of method embodiments in part. The apparatus and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A charging method, comprising:
calibrating the heat capacity of the battery cavity, wherein the heat capacity is an average value of the ratio of total heat generation to upward temperature rise in the battery cavity measured for a plurality of times;
Calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, wherein the maximum heat dissipation coefficient is the heating power which is heated from the temperature lower than the primary temperature over-high threshold and is maintained at the primary temperature over-high threshold;
Acquiring a plurality of battery temperatures, identifying a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, wherein the first coefficient is used for estimating the average impedance of a battery, the second coefficient is used for estimating a heat dissipation coefficient, and the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to a primary temperature over-high threshold and a secondary temperature over-high threshold and limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient;
When the temperature of the battery is lower than the first-level temperature threshold value, charging the battery with the maximum charging current;
When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the primary temperature overhigh threshold and less than the secondary temperature overhigh threshold, estimating charging current according to the battery cavity body heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated battery average impedance and the corrected heat dissipation coefficient, and charging the battery with the estimated charging current;
when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second-stage temperature threshold, the charging current is reduced to zero.
2. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the heat capacity of the nominal battery cavity is obtained by the following formula:
,
,
,
where C is the heat capacity of the battery cavity, qi is the total heat generated in the ith heated battery cavity, I 0 is the current through the resistance of the heated battery cavity, R 0 is the resistance of the heated battery cavity, Is the time of the i-th heating,Is the rising temperature of the heating battery cavity for the ith time,Is a preset temperature interval.
3. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the corrected heat dissipation coefficient according to the primary and secondary hyperthermia thresholds is calculated by the following formula:
,
Wherein, Is the modified heat dissipation coefficient of the heat dissipation device,Is the estimated heat dissipation coefficient, T is the collected battery temperature,Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is a second order hyperthermia threshold.
4. The method of charging of claim 1, wherein the estimating the charging current based on the battery cavity thermal balance equation, and the calibrated heat capacity, estimated battery average impedance, and heat dissipation coefficient is obtained by the following formula:
,
Wherein I is charging current, C is calibrated heat capacity, Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is the temperature of the battery which is collected,Is the acquired ambient temperature of the device,Is a preset time interval for which,Is the modified heat dissipation factor and R is the estimated average impedance of the battery.
5. A charging device, characterized by comprising:
the heat capacity calibration module is used for calibrating the heat capacity of the battery cavity, wherein the heat capacity is an average value of the ratio of total heat generated in the battery cavity to the upward temperature rise measured for a plurality of times;
the maximum heat dissipation coefficient calibration module is used for calibrating the maximum heat dissipation coefficient of the battery cavity, wherein the maximum heat dissipation coefficient is the heating power which is heated from the temperature lower than the first-stage temperature over-high threshold and is maintained at the first-stage temperature over-high threshold;
The identification module is used for acquiring a plurality of battery temperatures, identifying a first coefficient and a second coefficient in a battery cavity heat balance equation by using a least square method, wherein the first coefficient is used for estimating the average impedance of the battery, the second coefficient is used for estimating a heat dissipation coefficient, and the heat dissipation coefficient is corrected according to a primary temperature over-high threshold value and a secondary temperature over-high threshold value and is limited to the maximum heat dissipation coefficient;
the charging module is used for charging the battery with the maximum charging current when the temperature of the battery is smaller than the primary temperature threshold value which is too high, estimating the charging current according to the battery cavity body heat balance equation, the calibrated heat capacity, the estimated average impedance of the battery and the corrected heat dissipation coefficient when the temperature of the battery is larger than or equal to the primary temperature threshold value which is too high and smaller than the secondary temperature threshold value, and charging the battery with the estimated charging current when the temperature of the battery is larger than or equal to the secondary temperature threshold value which is too high.
6. The charging device of claim 5, wherein the heat capacity calibration module calibrates the heat capacity of the battery cavity by the following formula:
,
,
,
where C is the heat capacity of the battery cavity, qi is the total heat generated in the ith heated battery cavity, I 0 is the current through the resistance of the heated battery cavity, R 0 is the resistance of the heated battery cavity, Is the time of the i-th heating,Is the rising temperature of the heating battery cavity for the ith time,Is a preset temperature interval.
7. The charging device of claim 5, wherein the identification module corrects the heat dissipation factor according to a primary over-temperature threshold and a secondary over-temperature threshold by calculating the heat dissipation factor according to the following formula:
,
Wherein, Is the modified heat dissipation coefficient of the heat dissipation device,Is the estimated heat dissipation coefficient, T is the collected battery temperature,Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is a second order hyperthermia threshold.
8. The charging device of claim 5, wherein the charging module estimates the charging current based on the battery cavity thermal balance equation, and the calibrated heat capacity, estimated battery average impedance, and heat dissipation coefficient, by the following formula:
,
Wherein I is charging current, C is calibrated heat capacity, Is the first-level temperature threshold value which is too high,Is the temperature of the battery which is collected,Is the acquired ambient temperature of the device,Is a preset time interval for which,Is the modified heat dissipation factor and R is the estimated average impedance of the battery.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, code set, or instruction set, the at least one instruction, the at least one program, code set, or instruction set being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the steps of the charging method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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