CN118899072A - A remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法及系统，涉及远程护理技术领域，包括以下步骤：构建远程护理管理系统，分为管理中心、医护端和用户端，并全面评估患者的身体状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯以及心理状态，制定个性化护理计划；利用远程监测设备跟踪患者的生理指标，并配合用户端定时提醒患者执行护理计划。本发明通过提供个性化的护理计划和生理指标监测，显著提升了内分泌失调型肥胖患者的自我管理能力，患者能够通过用户端接收到基于自身状况定制的饮食和运动建议，同时系统通过提醒功能确保患者按时执行护理任务，及时的反馈和指导机制，让患者更加了解自身的健康状况，增强了患者对疾病管理的主动性。
The present invention discloses a remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder type obesity, which relates to the field of remote nursing technology and includes the following steps: constructing a remote nursing management system, which is divided into a management center, a medical terminal and a user terminal, and comprehensively assessing the patient's physical condition, eating habits, exercise habits and psychological state, and formulating a personalized nursing plan; using remote monitoring equipment to track the patient's physiological indicators, and cooperating with the user terminal to regularly remind the patient to execute the nursing plan. The present invention significantly improves the self-management ability of patients with endocrine disorder type obesity by providing personalized nursing plans and physiological indicator monitoring. Patients can receive customized diet and exercise suggestions based on their own conditions through the user terminal. At the same time, the system ensures that patients perform nursing tasks on time through reminder functions, timely feedback and guidance mechanisms, so that patients can better understand their own health conditions and enhance their initiative in disease management.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及远程护理技术领域，具体涉及一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法及系统。The present invention relates to the technical field of remote nursing, and in particular to a remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity.
背景技术Background Art
随着生活节奏的加快和饮食结构的改变，内分泌失调型肥胖已成为一个普遍的健康问题，内分泌失调会导致体内激素水平失衡，进而影响脂肪代谢，使得脂肪在体内堆积，最终导致肥胖，内分泌失调型肥胖不仅影响患者的外貌美观，更重要的是会对患者的身体健康造成严重影响，如增加心血管疾病、糖尿病等慢性疾病的风险，随着互联网技术的不断发展和普及，远程医疗技术已经相对成熟，医护人员可根据患者的身体状况，提供个性化的护理指导，进而通过远程护理可根据患者的具体情况制定个性化的护理计划，包括饮食调整、运动指导、心理支持等，以全面改善患者的内分泌状况和减轻体重。With the accelerated pace of life and changes in dietary structure, endocrine disorder-induced obesity has become a common health problem. Endocrine disorders can lead to an imbalance in hormone levels in the body, which in turn affects fat metabolism, causing fat to accumulate in the body, and ultimately leading to obesity. Endocrine disorder-induced obesity not only affects the patient's appearance, but more importantly, it can have a serious impact on the patient's physical health, such as increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. With the continuous development and popularization of Internet technology, telemedicine technology has become relatively mature. Medical staff can provide personalized nursing guidance based on the patient's physical condition, and then through remote care, they can formulate personalized care plans based on the patient's specific situation, including diet adjustment, exercise guidance, psychological support, etc., to comprehensively improve the patient's endocrine condition and reduce weight.
现有技术中，远程护理管理要求患者具有较高的自我管理能力，需要按照护理计划进行饮食调整、运动锻炼等，但实际上，部分患者因缺乏自律或动力不足而无法坚持执行护理计划，导致护理效果不佳，因此，需要对患者的护理计划进行引导及监督，提高患者的依从性，为此，现提出一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法及系统。In the prior art, remote nursing management requires patients to have a high level of self-management ability, and they need to adjust their diet and exercise according to the nursing plan. However, in reality, some patients are unable to adhere to the nursing plan due to lack of self-discipline or insufficient motivation, resulting in poor nursing results. Therefore, it is necessary to guide and supervise the patient's nursing plan to improve the patient's compliance. To this end, a remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity is proposed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明目的在于提供一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法及系统，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
第一方面，一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法，包括以下步骤：In a first aspect, a remote nursing management method for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity comprises the following steps:
步骤1，构建远程护理管理系统，分为管理中心、医护端和用户端，并全面评估患者的身体状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯以及心理状态，制定个性化护理计划，明确饮食调整、运动锻炼的具体内容和目标；Step 1: Build a remote care management system, which is divided into the management center, medical and nursing end, and user end. It will comprehensively assess the patient's physical condition, eating habits, exercise habits, and psychological state, develop a personalized care plan, and clarify the specific content and goals of diet adjustment and exercise training;
步骤2，利用远程监测设备跟踪患者的生理指标，并配合用户端定时提醒患者执行护理计划；Step 2: Use remote monitoring equipment to track the patient's physiological indicators and cooperate with the user end to regularly remind the patient to implement the care plan;
步骤3，采集患者生理指标数据和用户端护理计划执行数据，进行特征提取，获取进度评估指数，评估预设护理周期内患者执行进度和效果；Step 3: Collect the patient's physiological index data and the user-side nursing plan execution data, perform feature extraction, obtain the progress evaluation index, and evaluate the patient's execution progress and effect within the preset nursing cycle;
步骤4，根据进度评估指数预设不同的护理等级，并为不同的护理等级设定对应的评估阈值，确定患者的护理等级；Step 4, presetting different nursing levels according to the progress evaluation index, and setting corresponding evaluation thresholds for different nursing levels to determine the nursing level of the patient;
步骤5，基于评估结果和确定的护理等级，向医护人员生成对应的护理报告，以监督患者护理计划的执行并根据患者状态调整护理计划。Step 5: Based on the evaluation results and the determined nursing level, a corresponding nursing report is generated for the medical staff to supervise the implementation of the patient's nursing plan and adjust the nursing plan according to the patient's condition.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述步骤1中，个性化护理计划的制定过程为：A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 1, the process of formulating a personalized nursing plan is as follows:
步骤101，构建远程护理管理系统，包括管理中心、医护端和用户端，其中，管理中心作为系统的数据中心和决策支持中心，负责数据处理、存储、分析和报告生成，医护端为医护人员提供工作平台，用于制定护理计划、查看患者数据、与患者沟通，用户端为患者提供便捷的交互界面，用于查看护理计划、接收提醒和执行任务；Step 101, constructing a remote care management system, including a management center, a medical terminal and a user terminal, wherein the management center serves as the data center and decision support center of the system, and is responsible for data processing, storage, analysis and report generation; the medical terminal provides a work platform for medical staff to formulate care plans, view patient data and communicate with patients; and the user terminal provides a convenient interactive interface for patients to view care plans, receive reminders and perform tasks;
步骤102，收集患者的基本信息、医疗历史、生活习惯数据，进行全面评估，分析患者的身体状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯和心理状态；Step 102, collecting the patient's basic information, medical history, and lifestyle data, conducting a comprehensive assessment, and analyzing the patient's physical condition, eating habits, exercise habits, and psychological state;
步骤103，医护人员基于患者的全面评估结果，在医护端制定个性化护理计划，明确饮食调整、运动锻炼的具体内容和目标，其中，饮食调整包括饮食方案、热量控制、营养素配比，运动锻炼包括运动类型、强度、频率；Step 103, based on the comprehensive assessment results of the patient, the medical staff formulates a personalized care plan on the medical side, and clarifies the specific content and goals of diet adjustment and exercise training, wherein the diet adjustment includes diet plan, calorie control, and nutrient ratio, and the exercise training includes exercise type, intensity, and frequency;
步骤104，医护端将个性化护理计划上传至管理中心，由管理中心分配至对应的用户端。Step 104: The medical staff uploads the personalized care plan to the management center, which distributes it to the corresponding user end.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述步骤2中，执行护理计划的过程为：A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 2, the process of executing the nursing plan is:
步骤201，患者配备智能手环、血压计、血糖仪作为远程监测设备，监测患者的生理指标，包括心率、血压、血糖、血氧饱和度；Step 201, the patient is equipped with a smart bracelet, a blood pressure monitor, and a blood glucose meter as remote monitoring equipment to monitor the patient's physiological indicators, including heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation;
步骤202，根据接收的个性化护理计划，在用户端中设置患者的个人信息、护理计划，并将远程监测设备与用户端关联，确保数据同步；Step 202, according to the received personalized care plan, set the patient's personal information and care plan in the user terminal, and associate the remote monitoring device with the user terminal to ensure data synchronization;
步骤203，在用户端设置定时提醒功能，将个性化护理计划中的各项任务和时间节点转化为提醒事项，其中，提醒方式包括文字提醒、声音提醒、震动提醒多种形式，以确保患者能够及时收到并执行任务；Step 203, setting a timed reminder function on the user side, converting various tasks and time nodes in the personalized care plan into reminder items, wherein the reminder methods include text reminders, sound reminders, and vibration reminders, to ensure that the patient can receive and execute the tasks in time;
步骤204，患者通过用户端接收来自管理中心的提醒信息，患者根据提醒信息执行相应的子项护理计划任务，包括按时测量血压、血糖生理指标，按照饮食方案调整饮食，按照运动计划进行锻炼；Step 204, the patient receives reminder information from the management center through the user terminal, and the patient performs corresponding sub-item nursing plan tasks according to the reminder information, including measuring blood pressure and blood sugar physiological indicators on time, adjusting diet according to the diet plan, and exercising according to the exercise plan;
步骤205，患者在执行任务过程中通过用户端记录相关数据，包括测量的生理指标值、饮食摄入量、运动时长，并在对应子项护理计划任务下，确认已执行完毕。Step 205, the patient records relevant data through the user terminal during the task execution, including the measured physiological index values, dietary intake, and exercise duration, and confirms that the task has been completed under the corresponding sub-item nursing plan task.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述步骤3中，进度评估指数的获取过程为：A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 3, the process of obtaining the progress evaluation index is:
步骤301，管理中心提取用户端及远程监测设备获取的患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据，其中，生理指标数据包括心率、血压、血糖、血氧饱和度数据，护理计划执行数据包括运动锻炼时长、药物服用完成情况、饮食摄入量数据；Step 301, the management center extracts the patient's physiological index data and nursing plan execution data obtained by the user terminal and the remote monitoring device, wherein the physiological index data includes heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation data, and the nursing plan execution data includes exercise duration, completion of medication, and dietary intake data;
步骤302，管理中心对提取的患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据进行整合，形成患者的初始健康档案；Step 302, the management center integrates the extracted patient physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data to form the patient's initial health record;
步骤303，对患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据进行预处理，通过数据清洗去除重复、错误或异常的数据记录，确保数据的准确性和可靠性，并将不同来源和格式的数据统一转换为适合分析的数据格式，将患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据整合到统一的数据集中，便于后续分析；Step 303, pre-processing the patient's physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data, removing duplicate, erroneous or abnormal data records through data cleaning to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data, and converting data from different sources and formats into a data format suitable for analysis, integrating the patient's physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data into a unified data set to facilitate subsequent analysis;
步骤304，从患者生理指标数据中提取生理指标特征，分别为平均心率、血压波动范围、血糖变化趋势，分析得到生理指标评估指数，评估患者的生理状况；从护理计划执行数据中提取执行进度特征，分别为任务完成情况、完成率、任务延迟时间、运动时长，分析得到计划执行评估指数，评估患者的执行进度；Step 304: extract physiological indicator features from the patient's physiological indicator data, which are average heart rate, blood pressure fluctuation range, and blood sugar change trend, and analyze to obtain a physiological indicator evaluation index to evaluate the patient's physiological condition; extract execution progress features from the nursing plan execution data, which are task completion status, completion rate, task delay time, and exercise duration, and analyze to obtain a plan execution evaluation index to evaluate the patient's execution progress;
步骤305，结合生理指标特征和执行进度特征，并综合生理指标评估指数和计划执行评估指数，得到进度评估指数，量化分析患者在预设护理周期内的执行进度和效果。Step 305, combining the physiological indicator characteristics and the execution progress characteristics, and synthesizing the physiological indicator evaluation index and the plan execution evaluation index to obtain a progress evaluation index, and quantitatively analyzing the execution progress and effect of the patient within the preset nursing cycle.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述生理指标评估指数的计算公式为：；A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation formula of the physiological index evaluation index is: ;
其中，为生理指标评估指数，为第次测量的心率，为心率的标准值，和分别为血压的最大值和最小值，为血压的标准波动范围，为第次测量的血糖值，为血糖的标准值，和分别为心率和血糖测量的次数；in, It is the physiological index evaluation index. For the The heart rate measured is the standard value of heart rate, and are the maximum and minimum blood pressure values, respectively. is the standard fluctuation range of blood pressure, For the Blood sugar value measured is the standard value of blood sugar, and are the number of heart rate and blood glucose measurements, respectively;
所述计划执行评估指数的计算公式为：；The calculation formula of the plan execution evaluation index is: ;
其中，为计划执行评估指数，为第次任务的延迟时间，为任务延迟时间的标准值，为第项任务的完成率，为任务总数，为第次运动的时长，为运动时长的标准值。in, is the program execution evaluation index, For the The delay time of the task, is the standard value of task delay time, For the The completion rate of tasks, is the total number of tasks, For the The duration of the exercise, It is the standard value of exercise duration.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述进度评估指数的计算公式为：；A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation formula of the progress evaluation index is: ;
其中，为进度评估指数，生理指标评估指数，为计划执行评估指数，为权重系数，用于平衡生理指标和计划执行在综合评估中的重要性，为计划执行评估指数的最大值，为计划执行评估指数的最小值，为生理指标评估指数的平方根，用于在综合评估中对进行加权，为计划执行评估指数归一化的公式，将的值映射到[0,1]区间，为一个调整项，用于强调的最小值对整体评估的影响。in, is the progress assessment index, Physiological index evaluation index, is the program execution evaluation index, is the weight coefficient, which is used to balance the importance of physiological indicators and plan execution in the comprehensive evaluation. is the maximum value of the plan execution evaluation index, is the minimum value of the plan execution evaluation index, It is the square root of the physiological index evaluation index and is used to evaluate To weight, The formula for normalizing the plan execution evaluation index is The value of is mapped to the interval [0,1], An adjustment item used to emphasize The impact of the minimum value on the overall evaluation.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述步骤4中，确定患者护理等级的过程为：A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 4, the process of determining the patient care level is:
步骤401，根据进度评估指数预设不同的护理等级，其中，护理等级分别为A级护理等级、B级护理等级以及C级护理等级，护理等级从A级至C级，患者执行效果越差；Step 401, presetting different nursing levels according to the progress evaluation index, wherein the nursing levels are A-level nursing level, B-level nursing level and C-level nursing level, and the patient's execution effect is worse from A-level to C-level;
步骤402，基于患者护理计划的执行情况，为不同的护理等级设置对应的评估阈值；Step 402, setting corresponding evaluation thresholds for different nursing levels based on the execution of the patient nursing plan;
步骤403，将计算得到的进度评估指数的值与预设的评估阈值进行比较，确定患者的护理等级；Step 403, comparing the calculated progress assessment index value with a preset assessment threshold to determine the patient's nursing level;
多个所述护理等级对应多个所述评估阈值，其中，所述评估阈值包括上限阈值和下限阈值；A plurality of the care levels correspond to a plurality of the evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold;
多个所述护理等级与多个所述评估阈值满足如下关系：The multiple care levels and the multiple assessment thresholds satisfy the following relationship:
A级护理等级；表示患者的生理指标和护理计划执行情况非常好，达到了预设目标的90%以上，患者遵循护理计划非常好，生理指标稳定或改善，只需最小程度的监督，促进患者持续恢复并预防并发症，医护人员需定期监测患者状况，提供必要的健康教育和心理支持；A-level nursing care ; Indicates that the patient's physiological indicators and nursing plan execution are very good, reaching more than 90% of the preset goals. The patient follows the nursing plan very well, and the physiological indicators are stable or improved. Only minimal supervision is required to promote the patient's continued recovery and prevent complications. Medical staff need to regularly monitor the patient's condition and provide necessary health education and psychological support;
B级护理等级；表示患者的生理指标和护理计划执行情况一般，达到了预设目标的60%到89%，患者遵循护理计划一般，需要医护人员更多的介入监督和支持，且需要更密集的监测和干预，医护人员需与患者紧密合作，根据患者反馈及时调整护理计划；B-level nursing care ; Indicates that the patient's physiological indicators and nursing plan execution are average, reaching 60% to 89% of the preset goals. The patient's compliance with the nursing plan is average, and more intervention, supervision and support from medical staff are needed, and more intensive monitoring and intervention are required. Medical staff need to work closely with patients and adjust the nursing plan in a timely manner according to patient feedback;
C级护理等级；表示患者的生理指标和护理计划执行情况较差，未达到预设目标的60%，患者遵循护理计划较差，需要密切监督和及时的干预，需要进一步调整护理计划；C-level nursing care ; Indicates that the patient's physiological indicators and nursing plan execution are poor, not reaching 60% of the preset goals, the patient's compliance with the nursing plan is poor, close supervision and timely intervention are required, and the nursing plan needs to be further adjusted;
其中，为进度评估指数，为A级护理等级对应的下限阈值与B级护理等级对应的上限阈值，为B级护理等级对应的下限阈值与C级护理等级对应的上限阈值。in, is the progress assessment index, is the lower threshold corresponding to the A-level nursing level and the upper threshold corresponding to the B-level nursing level, The lower threshold corresponding to the B-level nursing grade and the upper threshold corresponding to the C-level nursing grade.
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于：所述步骤5中，护理报告的生成过程为：A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 5, the generation process of the nursing report is:
步骤501，根据确定的患者护理等级，编写护理报告，护理报告包含患者基本信息、评估结果概述以及护理等级判定，记录患者的基本信息，如姓名、年龄、性别、诊断结果，并简要概述患者的生理指标评估结果和护理计划执行情况的评估结果，包括任何显著的变化或异常，明确指出患者当前的护理等级，解释该等级判定的依据；Step 501, based on the determined nursing level of the patient, a nursing report is prepared. The nursing report includes basic information of the patient, a summary of the evaluation results, and the determination of the nursing level. The basic information of the patient, such as name, age, gender, and diagnosis, is recorded, and a brief summary of the evaluation results of the patient's physiological indicators and the evaluation results of the implementation of the nursing plan, including any significant changes or abnormalities, and the patient's current nursing level is clearly indicated, and the basis for the determination of the level is explained;
步骤502，对患者的生理指标进行分析，判断对患者健康造成的影响的生理指标，并进行执行进度分析，评估患者的执行进度和依从性，总结当前护理计划的执行情况，具体为对心率、血压、血糖、血氧饱和度生理指标进行详细分析，指出哪些指标在正常范围内，哪些指标存在异常，以及可能对患者健康造成的影响，分析护理计划的执行情况，包括任务完成情况、完成率、任务延迟时间、运动时长，评估患者的执行进度和依从性；Step 502, analyzing the physiological indicators of the patient, determining the physiological indicators that affect the patient's health, and performing execution progress analysis, evaluating the patient's execution progress and compliance, and summarizing the execution of the current nursing plan, specifically, performing a detailed analysis of the physiological indicators of heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation, indicating which indicators are within the normal range, which indicators are abnormal, and the possible impact on the patient's health, analyzing the execution of the nursing plan, including task completion, completion rate, task delay time, exercise duration, and evaluating the patient's execution progress and compliance;
步骤503，将护理报告提交给医护人员，监督医护人员依据护理报告结合患者状态，进行护理计划的调整，并定期对患者进行重新评估，跟踪其康复进展和护理计划的执行情况。Step 503, submit the nursing report to the medical staff, supervise the medical staff to adjust the nursing plan based on the nursing report and the patient's condition, and regularly re-evaluate the patient to track his or her rehabilitation progress and the implementation of the nursing plan.
第二方面，一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理系统，用于实现内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法，包括管理中心，所述管理中心通信连接有医护端、用户端、数据收集与监测模块、护理等级评估模块以及报告生成模块，其中，各模块间电信号连接；In a second aspect, a remote nursing management system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity is used to implement a remote nursing management method for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity, including a management center, wherein the management center is communicatively connected to a medical terminal, a user terminal, a data collection and monitoring module, a nursing level evaluation module, and a report generation module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules;
所述医护端，用于根据患者评估结果，由医护人员制定个性化护理计划，包括饮食调整、运动锻炼和药物服用指导，确保护理计划符合患者个人情况，提高护理的针对性和效果；The medical and nursing end is used for medical staff to formulate personalized nursing plans based on the patient assessment results, including dietary adjustments, exercise and medication guidance, to ensure that the nursing plan is in line with the patient's personal situation and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of nursing;
所述用户端，用于根据护理计划设置定时提醒，提醒患者执行护理任务，包括测量生理指标、进行运动锻炼，确保患者按时执行护理任务，提高护理计划的执行率；The user terminal is used to set a timed reminder according to the nursing plan to remind the patient to perform nursing tasks, including measuring physiological indicators and performing exercise, to ensure that the patient performs nursing tasks on time and improve the execution rate of the nursing plan;
所述数据收集与监测模块，用于通过远程监测设备收集患者的生理指标数据，并将收集到的数据同步至管理中心，确保数据的连续性和完整性；The data collection and monitoring module is used to collect the patient's physiological index data through remote monitoring equipment and synchronize the collected data to the management center to ensure the continuity and integrity of the data;
所述护理等级评估模块，基于患者生理指标数据和用户端护理计划执行数据，综合分析获取进度评估指数，评估患者的生理健康状况和护理计划执行情况，并根据评估结果，判断患者的护理等级，为后续护理计划的制定提供依据；The nursing level assessment module comprehensively analyzes and obtains the progress assessment index based on the patient's physiological indicator data and the user-side nursing plan execution data, assesses the patient's physiological health status and the nursing plan execution status, and judges the patient's nursing level based on the assessment results, providing a basis for the formulation of subsequent nursing plans;
所述报告生成模块，根据护理等级评估模块对患者执行护理计划的进度和效果的量化分析，生成护理报告，反馈评估结果，为医护人员提供决策支持，了解患者的执行情况，并根据实际情况调整护理计划.The report generation module generates a nursing report based on the quantitative analysis of the progress and effect of the patient's nursing plan execution by the nursing level evaluation module, feeds back the evaluation results, provides decision support for medical staff, understands the patient's execution status, and adjusts the nursing plan according to the actual situation.
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明相对现有技术来说，取得的技术进步是：Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:
本发明提供一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法及系统，通过提供个性化的护理计划和生理指标监测，显著提升了内分泌失调型肥胖患者的自我管理能力，患者能够通过用户端接收到基于自身状况定制的饮食和运动建议，同时系统通过提醒功能确保患者按时执行护理任务，及时的反馈和指导机制，让患者更加了解自身的健康状况，增强了患者对疾病管理的主动性。The present invention provides a remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder type obesity. By providing personalized nursing plans and physiological indicator monitoring, the self-management ability of patients with endocrine disorder type obesity is significantly improved. Patients can receive diet and exercise suggestions customized based on their own conditions through the user terminal. At the same time, the system ensures that patients perform nursing tasks on time through reminder functions, and timely feedback and guidance mechanisms allow patients to better understand their own health conditions and enhance their initiative in disease management.
本发明提供一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法及系统，通过特征提取和计算进度评估指数，量化分析患者在预设护理周期内的执行进度和效果，进而为医护人员提供决策支持，不仅提高了护理服务的针对性，也使得护理计划更加符合患者的实际需要，个性化护理的实施，有助于提高治疗效果，减少不必要的医疗干预，同时也提升了患者的满意度和生活质量。The present invention provides a remote nursing management method and system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity. By extracting features and calculating a progress evaluation index, the execution progress and effect of the patient within a preset nursing cycle are quantitatively analyzed, thereby providing decision support for medical staff. This not only improves the pertinence of nursing services, but also makes the nursing plan more in line with the actual needs of the patient. The implementation of personalized nursing helps to improve the treatment effect, reduce unnecessary medical interventions, and also improves the patient's satisfaction and quality of life.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
图1为本发明的方法流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
图2为本发明进度评估指数的获取流程图；FIG2 is a flow chart of obtaining a progress evaluation index according to the present invention;
图3为本发明的构成模块图。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
实施例1，如图1、图2所示，本发明提供了一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法，包括以下步骤：Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the present invention provides a remote nursing management method for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity, comprising the following steps:
步骤1，构建远程护理管理系统，分为管理中心、医护端和用户端，并全面评估患者的身体状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯以及心理状态，制定个性化护理计划，明确饮食调整、运动锻炼的具体内容和目标，构建远程护理管理系统，包括管理中心、医护端和用户端，其中，管理中心作为系统的数据中心和决策支持中心，负责数据处理、存储、分析和报告生成，医护端为医护人员提供工作平台，用于制定护理计划、查看患者数据、与患者沟通，用户端为患者提供便捷的交互界面，用于查看护理计划、接收提醒和执行任务，收集患者的基本信息、医疗历史、生活习惯数据，进行全面评估，分析患者的身体状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯和心理状态，医护人员基于患者的全面评估结果，在医护端制定个性化护理计划，明确饮食调整、运动锻炼的具体内容和目标，其中，饮食调整包括饮食方案、热量控制、营养素配比，运动锻炼包括运动类型、强度、频率，医护端将个性化护理计划上传至管理中心，由管理中心分配至对应的用户端；Step 1, build a remote care management system, which is divided into a management center, a medical terminal and a user terminal, and comprehensively evaluate the patient's physical condition, eating habits, exercise habits and psychological state, formulate a personalized care plan, clarify the specific content and goals of diet adjustment and exercise, and build a remote care management system, including a management center, a medical terminal and a user terminal. The management center is the data center and decision support center of the system, responsible for data processing, storage, analysis and report generation. The medical terminal provides a work platform for medical staff to formulate care plans, view patient data, and communicate with patients. The user terminal provides patients with a convenient interactive interface for viewing care plans, receiving reminders and performing tasks, collecting basic information, medical history, and living habits of patients, and conducting a comprehensive evaluation. Analyze the patient's physical condition, eating habits, exercise habits and psychological state. Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the patient, the medical staff formulates a personalized care plan on the medical terminal, and clarifies the specific content and goals of diet adjustment and exercise. Among them, diet adjustment includes diet plan, calorie control, and nutrient ratio, and exercise includes exercise type, intensity, and frequency. The medical terminal uploads the personalized care plan to the management center, which is distributed to the corresponding user terminal by the management center;
步骤2，利用远程监测设备跟踪患者的生理指标，并配合用户端定时提醒患者执行护理计划，患者配备智能手环、血压计、血糖仪作为远程监测设备，监测患者的生理指标，包括心率、血压、血糖、血氧饱和度，根据接收的个性化护理计划，在用户端中设置患者的个人信息、护理计划，并将远程监测设备与用户端关联，确保数据同步，在用户端设置定时提醒功能，将个性化护理计划中的各项任务和时间节点转化为提醒事项，其中，提醒方式包括文字提醒、声音提醒、震动提醒多种形式，以确保患者能够及时收到并执行任务，患者通过用户端接收来自管理中心的提醒信息，患者根据提醒信息执行相应的子项护理计划任务，包括按时测量血压、血糖生理指标，按照饮食方案调整饮食，按照运动计划进行锻炼，患者在执行任务过程中通过用户端记录相关数据，包括测量的生理指标值、饮食摄入量、运动时长，并在对应子项护理计划任务下，确认已执行完毕；Step 2: Use remote monitoring equipment to track the patient's physiological indicators, and cooperate with the user end to regularly remind the patient to execute the nursing plan. The patient is equipped with a smart bracelet, a blood pressure monitor, and a blood glucose meter as remote monitoring equipment to monitor the patient's physiological indicators, including heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation. According to the received personalized nursing plan, the patient's personal information and nursing plan are set in the user end, and the remote monitoring equipment is associated with the user end to ensure data synchronization. The timed reminder function is set on the user end to convert various tasks and time nodes in the personalized nursing plan into reminder items. Among them, the reminder method includes text reminder, sound reminder, and vibration reminder in multiple forms to ensure that the patient can receive and execute the task in time. The patient receives the reminder information from the management center through the user end. The patient executes the corresponding sub-item nursing plan task according to the reminder information, including measuring blood pressure and blood sugar physiological indicators on time, adjusting diet according to the diet plan, and exercising according to the exercise plan. During the execution of the task, the patient records relevant data through the user end, including the measured physiological indicator value, diet intake, and exercise duration, and confirms that the execution has been completed under the corresponding sub-item nursing plan task;
步骤3，采集患者生理指标数据和用户端护理计划执行数据，进行特征提取，获取进度评估指数，评估预设护理周期内患者执行进度和效果，管理中心提取用户端及远程监测设备获取的患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据，其中，生理指标数据包括心率、血压、血糖、血氧饱和度数据，护理计划执行数据包括运动锻炼时长、药物服用完成情况、饮食摄入量数据，管理中心对提取的患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据进行整合，形成患者的初始健康档案，对患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据进行预处理，通过数据清洗去除重复、错误或异常的数据记录，确保数据的准确性和可靠性，并将不同来源和格式的数据统一转换为适合分析的数据格式，将患者生理指标数据和护理计划执行数据整合到统一的数据集中，便于后续分析，从患者生理指标数据中提取生理指标特征，分别为平均心率、血压波动范围、血糖变化趋势，分析得到生理指标评估指数，评估患者的生理状况；从护理计划执行数据中提取执行进度特征，分别为任务完成情况、完成率、任务延迟时间、运动时长，分析得到计划执行评估指数，评估患者的执行进度，结合生理指标特征和执行进度特征，并综合生理指标评估指数和计划执行评估指数，得到进度评估指数，量化分析患者在预设护理周期内的执行进度和效果；Step 3: Collect the patient's physiological indicator data and the user-side nursing plan execution data, perform feature extraction, obtain the progress evaluation index, evaluate the patient's execution progress and effect within the preset nursing cycle, and the management center extracts the patient's physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data obtained by the user and remote monitoring equipment, wherein the physiological indicator data include heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation data, and the nursing plan execution data include exercise duration, medication completion status, and dietary intake data. The management center integrates the extracted patient's physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data to form the patient's initial health record, pre-processes the patient's physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data, removes duplicate, erroneous or abnormal data records through data cleaning, ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data, and Convert data from different sources and formats into a data format suitable for analysis, integrate patient physiological indicator data and nursing plan execution data into a unified data set for subsequent analysis, extract physiological indicator features from patient physiological indicator data, namely average heart rate, blood pressure fluctuation range, and blood sugar change trend, analyze to obtain a physiological indicator evaluation index, and evaluate the patient's physiological condition; extract execution progress features from nursing plan execution data, namely task completion status, completion rate, task delay time, and exercise duration, analyze to obtain a plan execution evaluation index, evaluate the patient's execution progress, combine physiological indicator features and execution progress features, and combine the physiological indicator evaluation index and plan execution evaluation index to obtain a progress evaluation index, and quantitatively analyze the patient's execution progress and effect within the preset nursing cycle;
进一步地，生理指标评估指数的计算公式为：；Furthermore, the calculation formula of the physiological index evaluation index is: ;
其中，为生理指标评估指数，为第次测量的心率，为心率的标准值，和分别为血压的最大值和最小值，为血压的标准波动范围，为第次测量的血糖值，为血糖的标准值，和分别为心率和血糖测量的次数，为心率的方差和，表示患者心率与其标准值的偏差程度，为血压波动范围的三次方，表示血压的最大值和最小值与其标准波动范围的偏差程度，为血压波动范围的三次方，表示血压的最大值和最小值与其标准波动范围的偏差程度，为血糖的总偏差，表示患者血糖与其标准值的偏差程度，需要说明的是，的值越接近0，表示患者的生理指标越接近理想状态；in, It is the physiological index evaluation index. For the The heart rate measured is the standard value of heart rate, and are the maximum and minimum blood pressure values, respectively. is the standard fluctuation range of blood pressure, For the Blood sugar value measured is the standard value of blood sugar, and are the number of heart rate and blood sugar measurements, is the variance of the heart rate, indicating the degree of deviation of the patient's heart rate from its standard value. It is the cube of the blood pressure fluctuation range, indicating the degree of deviation between the maximum and minimum blood pressure values and its standard fluctuation range. It is the cube of the blood pressure fluctuation range, indicating the degree of deviation between the maximum and minimum blood pressure values and its standard fluctuation range. is the total deviation of blood sugar, indicating the degree of deviation of the patient's blood sugar from its standard value. It should be noted that the closer the value of is to 0, the closer the patient's physiological indicators are to the ideal state;
计划执行评估指数的计算公式为：；The calculation formula of the plan execution evaluation index is: ;
其中，为计划执行评估指数，为第次任务的延迟时间，为任务延迟时间的标准值，为第项任务的完成率，为任务总数，为第次运动的时长，为运动时长的标准值，为最大任务延迟时间的四次方，表示任务完成的及时性，为所有任务完成率的平均值，表示患者对护理计划的遵循程度，为最长运动时长与标准值比值的平方，表示运动执行的充分性，需要说明的是，的值越大，表示患者的执行进度越好；in, is the program execution evaluation index, For the The delay time of the task, is the standard value of task delay time, For the The completion rate of tasks, is the total number of tasks, For the The duration of the exercise, is the standard value of exercise duration, is the fourth power of the maximum task delay time, indicating the timeliness of task completion. is the average of all task completion rates, indicating the degree of patient compliance with the nursing plan. is the square of the ratio of the longest exercise duration to the standard value, indicating the adequacy of exercise execution. It should be noted that The larger the value of , the better the patient's execution progress;
更进一步地，进度评估指数的计算公式为：；Furthermore, the calculation formula of the progress evaluation index is: ;
其中，为进度评估指数，生理指标评估指数，为计划执行评估指数，为权重系数，用于平衡生理指标和计划执行在综合评估中的重要性，为计划执行评估指数的最大值，为计划执行评估指数的最小值，为生理指标评估指数的平方根，用于在综合评估中对进行加权，为计划执行评估指数归一化的公式，将的值映射到[0,1]区间，为一个调整项，用于强调的最小值对整体评估的影响，当的最小值越接近最大值时，该项越接近1，需要说明的是，的值的范围取决于权重系数和归一化后的值，的值越高，表示患者的生理状况和护理计划的执行情况越好；步骤4，根据进度评估指数预设不同的护理等级，并为不同的护理等级设定对应的评估阈值，确定患者的护理等级，根据进度评估指数预设不同的护理等级，其中，护理等级分别为A级护理等级、B级护理等级以及C级护理等级，护理等级从A级至C级，患者执行效果越差，基于患者护理计划的执行情况，为不同的护理等级设置对应的评估阈值，将计算得到的进度评估指数的值与预设的评估阈值进行比较，确定患者的护理等级；in, is the progress assessment index, Physiological index evaluation index, is the program execution evaluation index, is the weight coefficient, which is used to balance the importance of physiological indicators and plan execution in the comprehensive evaluation. is the maximum value of the plan execution evaluation index, is the minimum value of the plan execution evaluation index, It is the square root of the physiological index evaluation index and is used to evaluate To weight, The formula for normalizing the plan execution evaluation index is The value of is mapped to the interval [0,1], An adjustment item used to emphasize The impact of the minimum value on the overall evaluation is The closer the minimum value of is to the maximum value, the closer this item is to 1. It should be noted that The value range depends on the weight coefficient and the normalized value, The higher the value, the better the patient's physiological condition and the execution of the nursing plan; Step 4, preset different nursing levels according to the progress evaluation index, and set corresponding evaluation thresholds for different nursing levels to determine the patient's nursing level. Different nursing levels are preset according to the progress evaluation index, where the nursing levels are A-level nursing level, B-level nursing level and C-level nursing level. From A to C, the worse the patient's execution effect is, the corresponding evaluation thresholds are set for different nursing levels based on the execution of the patient's nursing plan, and the calculated progress evaluation index value is compared with the preset evaluation threshold to determine the patient's nursing level;
进一步地，多个护理等级对应多个评估阈值，其中，评估阈值包括上限阈值和下限阈值；Further, the multiple nursing levels correspond to multiple evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold;
多个护理等级与多个评估阈值满足如下关系：Multiple care levels and multiple assessment thresholds satisfy the following relationship:
A级护理等级；表示患者的生理指标和护理计划执行情况非常好，达到了预设目标的90%以上，患者遵循护理计划非常好，生理指标稳定或改善，只需最小程度的监督，促进患者持续恢复并预防并发症，医护人员需定期监测患者状况，提供必要的健康教育和心理支持；A-level nursing care ; Indicates that the patient's physiological indicators and nursing plan execution are very good, reaching more than 90% of the preset goals. The patient follows the nursing plan very well, and the physiological indicators are stable or improved. Only minimal supervision is required to promote the patient's continued recovery and prevent complications. Medical staff need to regularly monitor the patient's condition and provide necessary health education and psychological support;
B级护理等级；表示患者的生理指标和护理计划执行情况一般，达到了预设目标的60%到89%，患者遵循护理计划一般，需要医护人员更多的介入监督和支持，且需要更密集的监测和干预，医护人员需与患者紧密合作，根据患者反馈及时调整护理计划；B-level nursing care ; Indicates that the patient's physiological indicators and nursing plan execution are average, reaching 60% to 89% of the preset goals. The patient's compliance with the nursing plan is average, and more intervention, supervision and support from medical staff are needed, and more intensive monitoring and intervention are required. Medical staff need to work closely with patients and adjust the nursing plan in a timely manner according to patient feedback;
C级护理等级；表示患者的生理指标和护理计划执行情况较差，未达到预设目标的60%，患者遵循护理计划较差，需要密切监督和及时的干预，需要进一步调整护理计划；C-level nursing care ; Indicates that the patient's physiological indicators and nursing plan execution are poor, not reaching 60% of the preset goals, the patient's compliance with the nursing plan is poor, close supervision and timely intervention are required, and the nursing plan needs to be further adjusted;
其中，为进度评估指数，为A级护理等级对应的下限阈值与B级护理等级对应的上限阈值，为B级护理等级对应的下限阈值与C级护理等级对应的上限阈值；in, is the progress assessment index, is the lower threshold corresponding to the A-level nursing level and the upper threshold corresponding to the B-level nursing level, The lower threshold corresponding to the B-level nursing grade and the upper threshold corresponding to the C-level nursing grade;
步骤5，基于评估结果和确定的护理等级，向医护人员生成对应的护理报告，以监督患者护理计划的执行并根据患者状态调整护理计划，根据确定的患者护理等级，编写护理报告，护理报告包含患者基本信息、评估结果概述以及护理等级判定，记录患者的基本信息，如姓名、年龄、性别、诊断结果，并简要概述患者的生理指标评估结果和护理计划执行情况的评估结果，包括任何显著的变化或异常，明确指出患者当前的护理等级，解释该等级判定的依据，对患者的生理指标进行分析，判断对患者健康造成的影响的生理指标，并进行执行进度分析，评估患者的执行进度和依从性，总结当前护理计划的执行情况，具体为对心率、血压、血糖、血氧饱和度生理指标进行详细分析，指出哪些指标在正常范围内，哪些指标存在异常，以及可能对患者健康造成的影响，分析护理计划的执行情况，包括任务完成情况、完成率、任务延迟时间、运动时长，评估患者的执行进度和依从性，将护理报告提交给医护人员，监督医护人员依据护理报告结合患者状态，进行护理计划的调整，并定期对患者进行重新评估，跟踪其康复进展和护理计划的执行情况。Step 5. Based on the evaluation results and the determined nursing level, generate a corresponding nursing report to the medical staff to supervise the implementation of the patient's nursing plan and adjust the nursing plan according to the patient's condition. According to the determined patient nursing level, write a nursing report, which contains the patient's basic information, an overview of the evaluation results, and the nursing level determination. Record the patient's basic information, such as name, age, gender, and diagnosis results, and briefly summarize the patient's physiological indicator evaluation results and the evaluation results of the nursing plan implementation, including any significant changes or abnormalities. Clearly indicate the patient's current nursing level, explain the basis for the level determination, analyze the patient's physiological indicators, and determine the physiological indicators that affect the patient's health. The implementation progress of the nursing plan is analyzed, and the patient's implementation progress and compliance are evaluated. The implementation of the current nursing plan is summarized. Specifically, the physiological indicators of heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation are analyzed in detail, indicating which indicators are within the normal range, which indicators are abnormal, and the possible impact on the patient's health. The implementation of the nursing plan is analyzed, including task completion, completion rate, task delay time, and exercise duration. The patient's implementation progress and compliance are evaluated. The nursing report is submitted to the medical staff, and the medical staff is supervised to adjust the nursing plan based on the nursing report and the patient's status. The patient is re-evaluated regularly to track his rehabilitation progress and the implementation of the nursing plan.
实施例2，如图3所示，在实施例1的基础上，本发明还提供了一种内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理系统，用于实现内分泌失调型肥胖患者的远程护理管理方法，包括管理中心，管理中心通信连接有医护端、用户端、数据收集与监测模块、护理等级评估模块以及报告生成模块，其中，各模块间电信号连接；Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG3, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention further provides a remote nursing management system for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity, which is used to implement a remote nursing management method for patients with endocrine disorder-type obesity, including a management center, the management center is communicatively connected with a medical terminal, a user terminal, a data collection and monitoring module, a nursing level evaluation module, and a report generation module, wherein the modules are electrically connected with each other;
医护端，用于根据患者评估结果，由医护人员制定个性化护理计划，包括饮食调整、运动锻炼和药物服用指导，确保护理计划符合患者个人情况，提高护理的针对性和效果；Medical and nursing end: medical staff develop personalized care plans based on patient assessment results, including dietary adjustments, exercise and medication guidance, to ensure that the care plan is in line with the patient's individual situation and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of care;
用户端，用于根据护理计划设置定时提醒，提醒患者执行护理任务，包括测量生理指标、进行运动锻炼，确保患者按时执行护理任务，提高护理计划的执行率；The user end is used to set timed reminders according to the nursing plan to remind patients to perform nursing tasks, including measuring physiological indicators and performing exercise, to ensure that patients perform nursing tasks on time and improve the execution rate of the nursing plan;
数据收集与监测模块，用于通过远程监测设备收集患者的生理指标数据，并将收集到的数据同步至管理中心，确保数据的连续性和完整性；The data collection and monitoring module is used to collect the patient's physiological index data through remote monitoring equipment and synchronize the collected data to the management center to ensure the continuity and integrity of the data;
护理等级评估模块，基于患者生理指标数据和用户端护理计划执行数据，综合分析获取进度评估指数，评估患者的生理健康状况和护理计划执行情况，并根据评估结果，判断患者的护理等级，为后续护理计划的制定提供依据；The nursing level assessment module comprehensively analyzes the patient's physiological index data and the user-side nursing plan execution data to obtain the progress assessment index, evaluate the patient's physiological health status and the implementation of the nursing plan, and judge the patient's nursing level based on the assessment results, providing a basis for the formulation of subsequent nursing plans;
报告生成模块，根据护理等级评估模块对患者执行护理计划的进度和效果的量化分析，生成护理报告，反馈评估结果，为医护人员提供决策支持，了解患者的执行情况，并根据实际情况调整护理计划。The report generation module generates a nursing report based on the quantitative analysis of the progress and effect of the patient's nursing plan execution by the nursing level assessment module, feeds back the assessment results, provides decision-making support for medical staff, helps them understand the patient's execution status, and adjusts the nursing plan according to the actual situation.
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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