CN118654413A - Flow distribution structure, microchannel heat exchanger and heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flow distribution structure, a microchannel heat exchanger and a heat pump system, comprising a flow distribution component and a sealing mainboard, wherein the flow distribution component comprises a channel part and a flow equalizing part, wherein a first brazing surface array of the flow equalizing part is provided with a plurality of flow equalizing cavities, each of which is connected with a fluid channel of the channel part through a corresponding flow equalizing groove and a flow distribution hole; an array composed of a plurality of heat exchange tube plug holes is provided on the sealing mainboard, wherein the positions of the heat exchange tube plug holes and the flow equalizing cavities correspond, and the lower surface of the sealing mainboard is fitted with the first brazing surface of the flow distribution component to form a uniformly sealed flow distribution structure; the present invention adopts a scheme of separately processing the flow distribution component and the sealing mainboard, thereby facilitating the design and processing of the flow equalizing groove and achieving a better flow equalizing effect; the microchannel heat exchanger and the heat pump system adopting the flow distribution structure have small size, high pressure bearing capacity, low cost and high heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Flow distribution structure, microchannel heat exchanger and heat pump system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and in particular to a flow distribution structure, a microchannel heat exchanger and a heat pump system.

Background Art

Microchannel heat exchangers are widely used in air-conditioning systems and new energy thermal management systems due to their high heat exchange efficiency per unit volume. The microchannel heat exchanger in the prior art is a plurality of parallel heat exchange flat tubes inserted into the distribution and collection pipes on both sides. The fluid medium entering the collection pipe is diverted to the flat tubes to exchange heat with the fluid outside the flat tubes. This simple distribution and collection structure is difficult to achieve uniform diversion, and the fluid flow rates in each flat tube are different, which seriously affects the improvement of heat exchange efficiency. In particular, when the fluid in the flat tube is a refrigerant, the refrigerant in the collection pipe, which is a gas-liquid two-phase flow, is more difficult to be evenly distributed to multiple flat tubes.

In response to the above problems, Chinese patent CN104154802B discloses a refrigerant diversion structure, which realizes uniform diversion by setting radial groove-shaped flow channels in the distribution pipe; the circular column structure of this scheme has the following multiple defects. On the one hand, the diameter of the distribution pipe is required to exceed the maximum width of the matching flat tube. On the other hand, it is difficult to process a considerable number of radial grooves on the limited circumferential surface of the column. On the other hand, it is necessary to stamp a plurality of flat tube jacks on the collection pipe mounted outside the column. It is difficult to complete the positioning and mounting of the stamped collection pipe with the column.

The existing microchannel heat exchanger flow distribution structure needs further research and improvement.

Summary of the invention

In order to effectively solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a distribution and collection flow structure with uniform liquid separation and convenient processing.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention provides a flow distribution structure, comprising a flow distribution component and a sealing mainboard, wherein the flow distribution component comprises a channel portion and a flow equalizing portion, wherein a first brazing surface array of the flow equalizing portion is provided with a plurality of flow equalizing cavities, each of which is connected to a fluid channel of the channel portion via a corresponding flow equalizing groove and a flow diversion hole; wherein the sealing mainboard is provided with an array of a plurality of heat exchange tube plug holes, wherein the heat exchange tube plug holes correspond to the positions of the flow equalizing cavities, and the lower surface of the sealing mainboard is fitted with the first brazing surface of the flow distribution component to form a sealed uniform flow distribution structure.

According to the flow distribution structure provided by the present invention, the flow distribution component is composed of two separate parts, a channel part and a flow equalizing part, which are assembled in a fitting or plug-in manner.

According to the flow distribution structure provided by the present invention, the flow equalizing part further comprises a sealing bottom plate, the flow equalizing cavity runs through the flow equalizing part, and the sealing bottom plate is fitted to the second brazing surface of the flow equalizing part to form a seal at the bottom of the flow equalizing cavity.

According to the flow distribution and collection structure provided by the present invention, the flow equalizing channels connected between the flow distribution holes and the flow equalizing chamber are a multi-channel parallel structure.

According to the flow distribution structure provided by the present invention, the flow distribution component also includes a process cavity, the process cavity and the flow equalization cavity are arranged at intervals, some heat exchange tube holes correspond to the positions of the process cavity, and adjacent process cavities are connected through process channels.

According to the flow distribution and collection structure provided by the present invention, the channel portion includes a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel. The first fluid channel is connected to a part of the flow equalizing chamber through the flow distribution hole and the flow equalizing groove, and the second fluid channel is connected to another part of the flow equalizing chamber through the flow distribution hole and the flow equalizing groove.

The flow equalizing cavities of the two parts are arranged at intervals.

The flow balancing channel is arranged on the first brazing surface or the second brazing surface of the flow balancing part, the lower surface or the upper surface of the sealing main board, so that the flow balancing channel formed by the seal is located in several combinations of the same plane or different planes.

In addition, the present invention also provides a microchannel heat exchanger, including a flow distributor, a flat tube, and fins, wherein the flow distributor is a flow distributor structure provided by the present invention.

In addition, the present invention further provides a heat pump system, including a microchannel heat exchanger, wherein the flow distributor and collector of the microchannel heat exchanger is the flow distributor and collector structure provided by the present invention.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

The present invention adopts a solution of separately processing a planar flow distribution component and a sealing structure, which makes it convenient to groove the planar brazing surface of the flow distribution component, and facilitates positioning and sealing, thereby achieving a better flow equalization effect; it avoids the problem that the current microchannel heat exchanger has no flow equalization structure, resulting in uneven flow of fluids entering each flat tube, and solves the problem that the existing circular cylindrical flow distribution structure is inconvenient to process grooves on the circumferential surface and difficult to position and assemble. In addition, the microchannel heat exchanger and heat pump system using the flow distribution structure are small in size, high in pressure resistance, low in cost, and high in heat exchange efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a diversity flow structure embodiment 1 provided by the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of embodiment 2 of the diversity flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of a second embodiment of a distribution flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of some components of Example 2 of the distribution flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of Embodiment 3 of the distribution flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the flow distribution structure embodiment 2 provided by the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the diversity flow structure embodiment 4 provided by the present invention;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the flow distribution structure embodiment 4 provided by the present invention;

FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of Embodiment 5 of the diversity flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of Embodiment 6 of the diversity flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a flow distribution structure embodiment 7 provided by the present invention;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the diversity flow structure embodiment 7 provided by the present invention;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of Embodiment 8 of the diversity flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of Embodiment 8 of the diversity flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of embodiment 9 of the diversity flow structure provided by the present invention;

FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the flow distribution structure embodiment 10 provided by the present invention;

FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the stream distribution structure embodiment 11 provided by the present invention;

FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the stream distribution structure embodiment 12 provided by the present invention;

FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 1 provided by the present invention;

FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 2 provided by the present invention;

FIG21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of some components of an embodiment of a microchannel heat exchanger provided by the present invention;

FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 3 provided by the present invention;

FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 4 provided by the present invention;

FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of different forms of some components of the microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 3 or 4 provided by the present invention;

FIG25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of some components of another embodiment of a microchannel heat exchanger provided by the present invention;

FIG26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of some components of another embodiment of a microchannel heat exchanger provided by the present invention;

FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of another embodiment of a microchannel heat exchanger provided by the present invention;

FIG28 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 5 provided by the present invention;

FIG29 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 6 provided by the present invention;

FIG30 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of another embodiment of the microchannel heat exchanger provided by the present invention.

FIG31 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a microchannel heat exchanger embodiment 7 provided by the present invention;

FIG32 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of embodiment 13 of the distribution flow structure provided by the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. Flow distribution assembly; 11. Flow equalization part; 110. Flow equalization cavity; 111. Flow equalization channel; 112. Flow process cavity; 113. Flow process channel; 12. Channel part; 120. Flow diversion hole; 121. First fluid channel; 122. Second fluid channel; 13. Sealing bottom plate; 2. Sealing main board; 20. Heat exchange tube jack; 4. Flat tube.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

The following describes a flow distribution structure provided by the present invention in conjunction with Figure 1, including a flow distribution component 1 and a sealing mainboard 2, the flow distribution component 1 includes a channel portion 12 and a flow equalizing portion 11, the first brazing surface array of the flow equalizing portion 11 is provided with a plurality of flow equalizing cavities 110, each flow equalizing cavity 110 is connected to the fluid channel of the channel portion 12 via a corresponding flow equalizing groove 111 and a flow diversion hole 120; the sealing mainboard 2 is provided with an array composed of a plurality of heat exchange tube holes 20, the heat exchange tube holes 20 correspond to the positions of the flow equalizing cavities 110, the lower surface of the sealing mainboard 2 is in contact with the first brazing surface of the flow distribution component 1, so as to form a sealed uniform flow distribution structure.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, according to the flow distribution structure provided by the present invention, the flow distribution component 1 is composed of two separate parts, the channel part 12 and the flow equalizing part 11, which are assembled by bonding or plugging. For example, the two separate parts of the channel part 12 and the flow equalizing part 11 shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are assembled by bonding and plugging to form the flow distribution component 1.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the flow-equalizing channel 111 can be connected to the flow-equalizing chamber 110 at different positions of the flow-equalizing chamber 110, and the shape of the flow-equalizing channel 111 can be a combination of one or more of a straight line, a curve, and a gradient channel; the cross-sectional shape of the flow-equalizing channel 111 can be set to a combination of one or more of a rectangle, a semicircle, a trapezoid, and a V-shape, and the area of each flow-equalizing channel 111 can be unequal to achieve the regulation of the flow of each flow-equalizing chamber 110. In addition, each flow-equalizing chamber 110 can be connected to the fluid channel of the channel portion 12 through one or more flow-equalizing channels 111, that is, a flow-dividing hole 120 can be connected to a flow-equalizing chamber 110 through multiple flow-equalizing channels 111, or multiple flow-dividing holes 120 can be connected to a flow-equalizing chamber 110 through corresponding flow-equalizing channels 111.

In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the flow distribution component 1 also includes a process chamber 112, which is arranged at intervals with the flow equalization chamber 110, and some heat exchange tube holes 20 correspond to the positions of the process chamber 112, and adjacent process chambers 112 are connected through the process channel 113.

FIG6 shows the structure after the components shown in FIG2 are assembled, wherein the first brazing surface of the current equalizing portion 11 is attached to the lower surface of the sealing main plate 2 and then connected to the channel portion 12 .

As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the flow balancing part 11 further includes a sealing bottom plate 13, the flow balancing cavity 110 runs through the flow balancing part 11, and the sealing bottom plate 13 is fitted with the second brazing surface of the flow balancing part 11 to form a seal at the bottom of the flow balancing cavity 110. When the sealing bottom plate 13 is provided, the sealing main board 2 of the first brazing surface of the flow balancing part 11 is fitted with the lower surface of the sealing main board 2, and the second brazing surface of the flow balancing part 11 is fitted with the sealing bottom plate 13, and then connected with the channel part 12. Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are respectively the assembly structure and the disassembly structure including the sealing bottom plate 13.

It should be noted that the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 8 are the case of using one fluid medium. When two or more fluid media are used, the channel portion 12 also includes a first fluid channel 121 and a second fluid channel 122. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the first fluid channel 121 is connected to a part of the flow equalizing chamber 110 through the diverter hole 120 and the flow equalizing channel 111, and the second fluid channel 122 is connected to another part of the flow equalizing chamber 110 through the diverter hole 120 and the flow equalizing channel 111. The first fluid channel 121 and the second fluid channel 122 respectively flow two different fluid media. Among them, the first fluid channel 121 and the second fluid channel 122 shown in Figures 9 and 10 are connected to the flow equalizing portion 11 by fitting and plugging, respectively.

On the basis of FIG10, the sealing bottom plate 13 is further included as shown in FIG11, FIG12, and FIG13. Among them, FIG11 shows the assembly state, while FIG12 and FIG13 show the disassembly state. In addition, the flow balancing channel 111 can be arranged on the first brazing surface or the second brazing surface of the flow balancing part 11, the lower surface or the upper surface of the sealing main board 2, so that the flow balancing channel 111 formed by the seal is located in the same plane or in several combinations of different planes. For example, FIG12 shows a situation in which the flow balancing channel 111 and the flow balancing cavity 110 are provided only on one surface (the first brazing surface) of the flow balancing part 11, and the two fluid media flow in the flow balancing channel 111 on the same surface of the flow balancing part and enter the corresponding flow balancing cavity 110, and the flow balancing cavities 110 of the two parts are arranged at intervals; and FIG13 shows a situation in which the flow balancing channel 111 and the flow balancing cavity 110 are provided on both surfaces (the first brazing surface and the second brazing surface) of the flow balancing part 11, and the two fluid media flow in the flow balancing channel 111 on the upper and lower surfaces of the flow balancing part and enter the corresponding flow balancing cavity 110, and the structure of the corresponding flow balancing part 11 is shown in FIG14.

In addition, when two fluid media are used, in addition to setting the flow balancing channels 111 of the two fluid media on one flow balancing portion 11, they can also be set on two flow balancing portions 11 respectively. In this case, the flow balancing portions 11 and the sealing main board 2 of the two fluid media are alternately arranged, and the first fluid channel 121 and the second fluid channel 122 correspond to a group of flow balancing portions 11 and the sealing main board 2 respectively. Figures 15 and 16 respectively show the disassembly structure and assembly structure of this case.

Furthermore, when more than two fluid media are used, the flow equalizing parts 11 and the sealing main board 2 can be further increased. The structure shown in FIG. 17 uses three sets of flow equalizing parts 11 and sealing main boards 2, which can allow three fluid media to circulate.

In addition, Figures 15 and 16 show the situation where both fluid media require equal flow, that is, two groups of equal flow parts 11 are set to correspond to the two fluid media respectively; when only one fluid medium requires equal flow and the other fluid medium does not require equal flow, the equal flow part 11 is only set for one of the fluids, and the fluid enters the equal flow part 11 from the channel part 12, as shown in Figure 18; and the other fluid flows in the second fluid channel 122 formed by the sealing bottom plate 13 and the equal flow part 11.

As shown in FIG19 and FIG20, on the basis of the above-mentioned flow distribution structure, a microchannel heat exchanger can be formed by providing a flat tube 4 and a fin, wherein one end of the flat tube 4 is inserted into the heat exchange tube insertion hole 20 provided on the sealing main board 2 and connected to the flow equalization cavity 110. The flat tube 4 can be directly inserted into the heat exchange tube insertion hole 20, or it can be bent and inserted into the heat exchange tube insertion hole 20. FIG19 and FIG21 show the situations of circulating one fluid medium and two fluid media, respectively.

FIG21 shows the cross-sectional structure of the flat tube 4. A plurality of partitions can be provided in the flat tube 4 to form a plurality of flow channels. When the number of flow channels provided is greater, the structural strength of the flat tube 4 is greater, but the flow area is smaller. For example, the flat tube 4 with a greater number of flow channels and the flat tube 4 with a smaller number of flow channels in FIG21 can flow liquid medium and gas medium respectively.

It should be noted that, FIG19 and FIG20 show the situation where all the flat tubes 4 are inserted into the heat exchange tube insertion holes 20 to the same depth, while FIG22 and FIG23 show the situation where the flat tubes 4 are inserted into the heat exchange tube insertion holes 20 to different depths, that is, the flat tubes 4 that circulate one medium are inserted into the flow balancing cavity 110 of the upper flow balancing part 11, while the flat tubes 4 that circulate another medium pass through the upper flow balancing part 11 and are inserted into the flow balancing cavity 110 of the lower flow balancing part 11, as shown in FIG22, or pass through the upper flow balancing part 11 and are inserted into the lower flow balancing part 11.

There are various combinations of the flat tubes 4 inserted into the flow equalizing cavity 110. As shown in FIG. 24 , a single flat tube may be inserted into the flow equalizing cavity 110, two flat tubes may be fitted together and inserted into the flow equalizing cavity 110, or two flat tubes may be fitted together and one of the flat tubes may be bent and inserted into the flow equalizing cavity 110.

The cross-sectional structure of the two flat tubes 4 after being bonded is shown in FIG. 25 , through which two fluid media flow respectively. Two fluid medium channels may also be provided in the flat tube 4 , as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 .

As shown in FIG. 28 , based on FIG. 22 , when two fluid medium channels are provided in the above-mentioned flat tube 4, the flat tube 4 passes through the upper flow equalizing portion 11 and is inserted into the lower flow equalizing portion 11. A hole is opened on the side of the flat tube 4 so that two different media can enter the two fluid medium channels of the flat tube 4 respectively, one of the media enters one of the fluid medium channels of the flat tube 4 through the upper flow equalizing portion 11, and the other media enters the other fluid medium channel of the flat tube 4 through the lower flow equalizing portion 11. Similarly, as shown in FIG29, based on FIG23, when two fluid medium channels are provided in the above-mentioned flat tube 4, the flat tube 4 passes through the upper flow equalizing portion 11, is inserted into the second fluid channel 122 formed by the lower flow equalizing portion 11 and the sealing bottom plate 13, and a hole is opened on the side of the flat tube 4, so that two different media can enter the two fluid medium channels of the flat tube 4 respectively, one of which enters one of the fluid medium channels of the flat tube 4 through the upper flow equalizing portion 11, and the other enters the other fluid medium channel of the flat tube 4 through the second fluid channel 122 formed by the lower flow equalizing portion 11 and the sealing bottom plate 13. The situation of the flat tube 4 opening a hole on the side is shown in FIG30.

In addition, Figure 31 shows a microchannel heat exchanger using the distribution flow component 1 shown in Figure 9 and the flow equalizing part 11 shown in Figure 5. The fluid enters the first fluid channel 121 of the distribution flow component 1 shown in Figure 9, passes through the flow equalizing chamber 110, enters the two flat tubes 4 and flows to the flow equalizing part 11 on the opposite side as shown in Figure 5, enters other process chambers 112 through the process channel 113, and then enters a flat tube 4 connected to the process chamber 112, flows back to the distribution flow component 1 side, and enters the second fluid channel 122.

Further, as shown in FIG32 , the number of the first fluid channel 121 and the second fluid channel 122 provided in the channel portion 12 of the flow distribution assembly 1 can be two (the number of the first fluid channel 121 and the second fluid channel 122 shown in FIG9 is one). In this case, one fluid flows in from one of the first fluid channels 121 and then flows out from the other first fluid channel 121; another fluid flows in from one of the second fluid channels 122 and then flows out from the other second fluid channel 122.

The present invention further provides a heat pump system, which includes the microchannel heat exchanger in the above embodiments. The other parts of the heat pump system are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

Claims (10)

1. A flow distribution structure, characterized in that it comprises a flow distribution component (1) and a sealing main board (2), wherein the flow distribution component (1) comprises a channel portion (12) and a flow equalizing portion (11), wherein a first brazing surface array of the flow equalizing portion (11) is provided with a plurality of flow equalizing cavities (110), and each flow equalizing cavity (110) is connected to a fluid channel of the channel portion (12) via a corresponding flow equalizing groove (111) and a flow dividing hole (120); The sealing mainboard (2) is provided with an array of a plurality of heat exchange tube insertion holes (20), the heat exchange tube insertion holes (20) correspond to the positions of the flow distribution chamber (110), and the lower surface of the sealing mainboard (2) is in contact with the first brazing surface of the flow distribution assembly (1), thereby forming a sealed uniform flow distribution structure. 2. The flow distribution structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the flow distribution component (1) is composed of two separate parts, a channel part (12) and a flow equalizing part (11), which are assembled by bonding or plugging. 3. The flow distribution structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that the flow equalizing part (11) also includes a sealing bottom plate (13), the flow equalizing cavity (110) runs through the flow equalizing part (11), and the sealing bottom plate (13) is in contact with the second brazing surface of the flow equalizing part (11) to form a seal at the bottom of the flow equalizing cavity (110). 4. The flow distribution and collection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that the flow equalizing channel (111) connected between the flow distribution hole (120) and the flow equalizing cavity (110) is a multi-channel parallel structure. 5. The flow distribution structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that the flow distribution component (1) also includes a process chamber (112), the process chamber (112) and the flow equalizing chamber (110) are arranged at intervals, some heat exchange tube holes (20) correspond to the positions of the process chamber (112), and adjacent process chambers (112) are connected through a process channel (113). 6. The flow distribution and collection structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5 is characterized in that the channel portion (12) includes a first fluid channel (121) and a second fluid channel (122), the first fluid channel (121) is connected to a part of the flow equalizing chamber (110) through a flow dividing hole (120) and a flow equalizing channel (111), and the second fluid channel (122) is connected to another part of the flow equalizing chamber (110) through a flow dividing hole (120) and a flow equalizing channel (111). 7. The flow distribution structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the flow equalization cavities (110) of the two parts are arranged in an alternating manner. 8. The flow distribution structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5 is characterized in that the flow equalizing channel (111) is arranged on the first brazing surface or the second brazing surface of the flow equalizing part (11), the lower surface or the upper surface of the sealing main board (2), so that the flow equalizing channel (111) formed by the seal is located in the same plane or several combinations of different planes. 9. A microchannel heat exchanger, comprising a flow divider, a flat tube (4), and fins, characterized in that the flow divider is a flow divider structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. A heat pump system, comprising a microchannel heat exchanger, characterized in that the flow distributor and collector of the microchannel heat exchanger is the flow distributor and collector structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.