CN118599214B - A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material and preparation method thereof and cable - Google Patents
A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material and preparation method thereof and cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN118599214B CN118599214B CN202410838046.4A CN202410838046A CN118599214B CN 118599214 B CN118599214 B CN 118599214B CN 202410838046 A CN202410838046 A CN 202410838046A CN 118599214 B CN118599214 B CN 118599214B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing four or more carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing four or more carbon atoms with aliphatic 1-olefins containing one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of cable insulation sleeve materials, and particularly discloses a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material, a preparation method thereof and a cable. The multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises 60-80 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 1-2 parts of sodium isethionate and 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The application relates to a cable which is prepared from a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material. The multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material prepared by the method has good ageing resistance and flame retardance, and also has good mechanical properties, so that the application requirements of modern cables are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable insulation sleeve materials, in particular to a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material, a preparation method thereof and a cable.
Background
With the rapid development of the cable industry, the requirements on the cable insulation sleeve materials are also increasing. The cable insulating material is mainly used for wrapping the cable so as to ensure the normal use of the cable and prolong the service life of the cable. However, the traditional cable insulation sleeve material often has the problems of poor ageing resistance, insufficient flame retardant property and the like, and is difficult to meet the application requirements of modern cables. In the prior art, in order to improve the ageing resistance, the flame retardance and the like of the cable insulation sleeve material, the performance of the cable insulation sleeve material is often improved by adding different auxiliary agents, but the ageing resistance, the flame retardance and the like of the cable insulation sleeve material can be simultaneously improved by adding excessive auxiliary agents, but the molecular structure of the cable insulation material can be damaged by excessive auxiliary agents, so that the mechanical property of the cable insulation sleeve material is reduced. Therefore, the cable insulation sleeve material with multiple functions and good mechanical properties is developed, and has important significance for the development of the cable industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material with multiple functions and good mechanical properties, a preparation method thereof and a cable. According to the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material, the proportion of each component is optimized, and the sodium isethionate and the polyethylene glycol diacrylate are added into the multifunctional cable insulation material, so that the material performance is cooperatively improved, the prepared multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material not only has good ageing resistance and flame retardance, but also ensures good mechanical properties, and meets the application requirements of modern cables.
In a first aspect, the application provides a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
The multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises, by mass, 60-80 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 1-2 parts of sodium isethionate and 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.
In the technical scheme, the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material is prepared by optimizing the proportion of each component, adopting linear low-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as base materials and adding a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, sodium isethionate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The introduction of the flame retardant endows the cable insulating sleeve material with good flame retardant property, and can effectively prevent the spread of fire. The antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorber are added to enhance the ageing resistance of the cable insulation sleeve material and prolong the service life of the cable insulation sleeve material. In addition, the application discovers that the sodium isethionate and the polyethylene glycol diacrylate are further added in the research, and the sodium isethionate and the polyethylene glycol diacrylate are mutually cooperated in the cable insulation sleeve material, so that the binding force between organic matters and inorganic matters is enhanced, the movement of molecular chains is obviously reduced, the cooperative promotion of various performances is realized, better ageing resistance and flame retardance are shown, and meanwhile, good mechanical properties can be maintained.
The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps of 1, mixing magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1 (8-10), stirring to obtain magnesium hydroxide suspension, 2, heating the magnesium hydroxide suspension to 60-80 ℃, adding an absolute ethanol solution, wherein the absolute ethanol solution contains 10% of m/V of silane coupling agent, continuously stirring for 2-3 hours, adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10-15 minutes, drying and crushing to obtain nano particles, and obtaining the composite flame retardant;
Wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide to the silane coupling agent to the sodium lignin sulfonate to the polyethyleneimine is 1 (0.2-0.4) (0.8-1.2).
In the technical scheme, the composite flame retardant is prepared by adopting a specific method, takes magnesium hydroxide as a main component, and obviously improves the flame retardant effect and mechanical property of the cable insulation sleeve material by adding the silane coupling agent, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the polyethyleneimine, and the inventor considers that the flame retardant is prepared by adding the composite flame retardant into the cable insulation sleeve material, the silane coupling agent can form a chemical bond with organic matters in the magnesium hydroxide and the cable insulation sleeve material, so that the binding force of the magnesium hydroxide and the cable insulation sleeve material is enhanced, and the sodium lignin sulfonate and the polyethyleneimine are mutually cooperated to cooperate with the magnesium hydroxide, so that the composite flame retardant can be uniformly and stably dispersed in the cable insulation sleeve material, a stable three-dimensional network structure is formed on a microscopic level, and the mechanical property and the flame retardant property of the cable insulation sleeve material are enhanced.
Preferably, the stirring speed in the step2 is 280-300 r/min.
According to the technical scheme, the stirring speed is limited to 280-300 r/min, so that the raw materials are fully mixed and reacted, and the composite flame retardant is ensured to have good flame retardant performance.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one or a mixture of dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate.
According to the technical scheme, the antioxidant is added, so that the oxidation reaction of the cable insulation sleeve material in the use process can be effectively inhibited, the aging process of the cable insulation sleeve material is delayed, and the service life of the cable insulation sleeve material is prolonged.
Preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is one or more of UV-326, UV-531, UV-9.
In the technical scheme, the ultraviolet absorber is added, so that damage of ultraviolet rays to the cable insulation sleeve material can be well prevented, and the performance of the protection material is stable.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane.
In the technical scheme, the vinyl trimethoxy silane is used as the cross-linking agent, so that the cross-linking reaction between polymer chains in the cable insulation sleeve material can be effectively promoted, the mechanical strength and ageing resistance of the material are improved, and the cable insulation sleeve material can still maintain excellent performance in long-time use.
The preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises the following steps of mixing the components, heating to 90-110 ℃, uniformly stirring, and extruding at 120-140 ℃ to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material.
In the technical scheme, the application provides a preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material, which comprises the steps of mixing, heating and stirring all the components, and extruding at a proper temperature to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material. The method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to control and has industrial production prospect.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a cable adopting the following technical scheme:
a cable prepared from the multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to the first aspect.
In the technical scheme, the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material has good ageing resistance, flame retardance and mechanical property, so that the cable prepared from the material also has good ageing resistance, flame retardance and mechanical property, and can meet the application requirements of outdoor cables.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the application, the proportion of each component is optimized, and the sodium isethionate and the polyethylene glycol diacrylate are added into the multifunctional cable insulation material to prepare the cable insulation sleeve material which has multiple functions and good mechanical properties. The material not only has good ageing resistance and flame retardance, but also ensures good mechanical properties, and can meet the application requirements of modern cables.
2. According to the application, the composite flame retardant prepared from magnesium hydroxide, the silane coupling agent, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the polyethyleneimine is added into the cable insulation sleeve material, so that a stable three-dimensional network structure can be formed on a microscopic level, and the flame retardant effect and the mechanical property of the cable insulation sleeve material are obviously improved.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises the following raw materials of 70kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 15kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1.5kg of cross-linking agent, 18kg of flame retardant, 2kg of antioxidant, 2kg of ultraviolet absorbent, 1.5kg of sodium isethionate and 1.5kg of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.
Wherein, the linear low density polyethylene is a Chinese petrochemical name with the trade mark of DFDA-7144.
Wherein the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is DuPont, USA, brand number 670.
Wherein the cross-linking agent is vinyl trimethoxy silane, which is purchased from Nanjing full-Hi New materials Co., ltd., product number: A-171.
Wherein the antioxidant is a mixture of dilauryl thiodipropionate and dioctadecyl thiodipropionate, and the mass ratio of the dilauryl thiodipropionate to the dioctadecyl thiodipropionate is 1:1.
Wherein the ultraviolet absorber is a mixture of UV-326, UV-531 and UV-9, and the mass ratio of the UV-326, the UV-531 and the UV-9 is 1:1:1.
Among them, sodium isethionate was purchased from Weissen chemical Co., ltd., hubei, CAS number 1562-00-1.
Among them, polyethylene glycol diacrylate was purchased from Pandey (Shanghai) International trade company, CAS number 26570-48-9.
Wherein the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant.
The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:
Step1, mixing magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:9, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain magnesium hydroxide suspension;
Heating magnesium hydroxide suspension to 70 ℃, adding an absolute ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent, continuously stirring for 2.5 hours at 290r/min, adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, stirring for 12 minutes at 290r/min, drying and crushing, and preparing particles with the particle size of 20-100 nanometers by using a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;
Wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide to the silane coupling agent to the sodium lignin sulfonate to the polyethyleneimine is 1:0.3:0.3:1.
Wherein, the magnesium hydroxide is purchased from Jinan Henghan chemical industry Co., ltd, and the grade is excellent grade.
Wherein the silane coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-590, the brand name is Yuan jin, the product number is KH-590.
Among them, sodium lignin sulfonate is purchased from Shandong chemical industry Co., ltd.
Among them, polyethyleneimine is purchased from wuhan bio-technology limited.
The preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises the steps of adding the components into a stirrer for mixing, heating to 90 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding into a single screw extruder after 2 hours, extruding at 120 ℃, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material.
Example 2
A multifunctional cable insulation cover material, unlike example 1, comprises 60kg of linear low density polyethylene, 20kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2kg of cross-linking agent, 15kg of flame retardant, 1kg of antioxidant, 3kg of ultraviolet absorbent, 2kg of sodium isethionate and 1kg of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.
Wherein the antioxidant is dilauryl thiodipropionate.
Wherein the ultraviolet absorber is UV-326.
Wherein the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant.
The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:
Step1, mixing magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:8, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain magnesium hydroxide suspension;
Heating magnesium hydroxide suspension to 60 ℃, adding an absolute ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent, continuously stirring for 3 hours at 280r/min, adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, stirring for 15 minutes at 280r/min, drying and crushing, and preparing particles with the particle size of 20-100 nanometers by using a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;
wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide to the silane coupling agent to the sodium lignin sulfonate to the polyethyleneimine is 1:0.2:0.4:1.2.
The preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises the steps of adding the components into a stirrer for mixing, heating to 110 ℃, uniformly stirring for 3 hours, adding into a single screw extruder, extruding at 140 ℃, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material.
Example 3
A multifunctional cable insulation cover material, unlike example 1, comprises 80kg of linear low density polyethylene, 10kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1kg of cross-linking agent, 20kg of flame retardant, 3kg of antioxidant, 1kg of ultraviolet absorber, 1kg of sodium isethionate and 2kg of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.
Wherein the antioxidant is dioctadecyl thiodipropionate.
Wherein the ultraviolet absorber is UV-531.
Wherein the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant.
The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:
Step1, mixing magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:10, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain magnesium hydroxide suspension;
Heating magnesium hydroxide suspension to 80 ℃, adding an absolute ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent, continuously stirring for 2 hours at 300r/min, adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10 minutes at 300r/min, drying and crushing, and preparing particles with the particle size of 20-100 nanometers by using a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;
Wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide to the silane coupling agent to the sodium lignin sulfonate to the polyethyleneimine is 1:0.4:0.2:0.8.
The preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises the steps of adding the components into a stirrer for mixing, heating to 100 ℃, uniformly stirring for 2.5 hours, adding into a single screw extruder, extruding at 130 ℃, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material.
Example 4
Unlike example 1, the preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation cover material comprises the following steps:
Step1, mixing magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:9, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain magnesium hydroxide suspension;
Step 2, heating magnesium hydroxide suspension to 70 ℃, adding an absolute ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of silane coupling agent, continuously stirring for 2.5 hours at 290r/min, drying and crushing, and preparing particles with the particle size of 20-100 nanometers by using a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;
Wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.3.
Example 5
A multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material is different from the embodiment 1 in that the preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the steps of preparing magnesium hydroxide powder into particles with the particle size of 20-100 nanometers by using a ball mill, and obtaining the flame retardant.
Example 6
In the multifunctional cable insulation cover material, unlike in example 1, sodium lignin sulfonate is not added in the preparation method of the composite flame retardant.
Example 7
Unlike example 1, the multifunctional cable insulation cover material was prepared by a method of preparing a composite flame retardant without adding polyethyleneimine.
Comparative example 1
In the case of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, sodium isethionate was not added unlike in example 5.
Comparative example 2
In the case of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, unlike in example 5, polyethylene glycol diacrylate was not added.
Comparative example 3
Unlike example 5, the multifunctional cable insulation cover material, sodium isethionate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate were not added.
Performance detection
Samples the mechanical properties of the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve materials of the examples and the comparative examples are that the tensile strength and the elongation at break are detected by referring to GB/T1040.1, the temperature is 25 ℃, the tensile rate is 200mm/min and the thickness of the samples is 1 mm.
Ageing resistance, namely ageing for 7 days in an air oven at 135 ℃ with reference to GB/T2951.2, taking out and placing for 24 hours at normal temperature, detecting tensile strength and elongation at break according to GB/T1040.1, and calculating the change rate of the tensile strength and the change rate of the elongation at break.
Flame retardant Property referring to GB/T2406, limiting oxygen index is measured.
The results of the above detection are shown in Table 1.
Table 1:
By combining the analysis of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-3, it is not difficult to see that examples 1-7 have good mechanical properties, aging resistance and flame retardance.
In particular, in combination with the analysis of example 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3, it is clear that the difference between example 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 is that sodium isethionate is not added in comparative example 1, polyethylene glycol diacrylate is not added in comparative example 2, sodium isethionate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are not added in comparative example 3, and thus, according to the application, the binding force between organic matters and inorganic matters can be well enhanced, the movement of molecular chains is remarkably reduced, and the synergistic improvement of various properties is realized, so that better ageing resistance, flame retardance and mechanical properties are externally shown.
In particular, examples 1 and examples 4 to 7 were combined, and the difference between examples 4 to 7 and example 1 was that the flame retardant used was different, the flame retardant of example 1 was a composite flame retardant prepared by using magnesium hydroxide, a silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, whereas example 4 modified magnesium hydroxide by using only a silane coupling agent compared to example 1, example 5 modified magnesium hydroxide by using only a nano-sized magnesium hydroxide compared to example 1, example 6 was not added with sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate compared to example 1, and example 7 was not added with polyethylene glycol diacrylate compared to example 1, thus it was found that magnesium hydroxide modified by a silane coupling agent was better combined with the cable insulation jacket material, and further added sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine in cooperation with each other, the uniform and stable dispersion of the flame retardant was further promoted, thereby further enhancing the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of the cable insulation jacket material.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present application as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present application.
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| CN1566189A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-19 | 理研科技股份有限公司 | Heat-resistant weather-resistant excellent insulating resin composition and insulated wire |
| CN108250536A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽中电气有限公司 | High-ductility anti-crack tube plastics and preparation method thereof |
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| US8173255B2 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2012-05-08 | King Abdulaziz City Science And Technology | Clean flame retardant insulation composition to enhance mechanical properties and flame retardancy for wire and cable |
| WO2016085123A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Method for preparing superabsorbent polymer and superabsorbent polymer prepared thereby |
| WO2023091856A1 (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-05-25 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. | Curable absorbent films |
| CN114921043A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-19 | 林淑红 | High-flame-retardancy resin film and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1566189A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-19 | 理研科技股份有限公司 | Heat-resistant weather-resistant excellent insulating resin composition and insulated wire |
| CN108250536A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽中电气有限公司 | High-ductility anti-crack tube plastics and preparation method thereof |
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