CN118599214A - A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material and preparation method thereof and cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cable insulation sleeve materials, and particularly discloses a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material, a preparation method thereof and a cable. The multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material comprises 60-80 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 1-2 parts of sodium isethionate and 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The application relates to a cable which is prepared from a multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material. The multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material prepared by the method has good ageing resistance and flame retardance, and also has good mechanical properties, so that the application requirements of modern cables are met.

Description

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material and preparation method thereof and cable

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cable insulation sheath materials, and in particular to a multifunctional cable insulation sheath material and a preparation method thereof and a cable.

Background Art

With the rapid development of the cable industry, the requirements for cable insulation materials are also increasing. Cable insulation materials are mainly used to wrap cables to ensure the normal use of cables and extend the service life of cables. However, traditional cable insulation materials often have problems such as poor aging resistance and insufficient flame retardancy, which are difficult to meet the application requirements of modern cables. In the prior art, in order to improve the aging resistance and flame retardancy of cable insulation materials, different additives are often added to improve their performance. However, although adding too many additives can simultaneously improve the aging resistance and flame retardancy of cable insulation materials, too many additives may often destroy the molecular structure of the cable insulation material itself and reduce the mechanical properties of the cable insulation material itself. Therefore, the development of a cable insulation material with multiple functions and good mechanical properties is of great significance to the development of the cable industry.

Summary of the invention

In order to develop a cable insulation sheath material with multiple functions and good mechanical properties, the present application provides a multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, a preparation method thereof, and a cable. The multifunctional cable insulation sheath material optimizes the ratio of each component and achieves a synergistic improvement in material performance by adding sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate to the multifunctional cable insulation material. The multifunctional cable insulation sheath material prepared in this way not only has good aging resistance and flame retardancy, but also ensures good mechanical properties, meeting the application requirements of modern cables.

In the first aspect, the present application provides a multifunctional cable insulation sheath material adopts the following technical solution:

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 1-2 parts of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

In the above technical scheme, the present application optimizes the ratio of each component, uses linear low-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as the basic materials, and prepares a multifunctional cable insulation sheath material by adding a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, a UV absorber, sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate. Among them, the introduction of the flame retardant gives the cable insulation sheath material good flame retardant properties, which can effectively prevent the spread of fire. The addition of antioxidants and UV absorbers enhances the aging resistance of the cable insulation sheath material and extends its service life. In addition, the present application found in the study that the further addition of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate synergistically enhances the binding force between organic and inorganic substances in the cable insulation sheath material, significantly reduces the movement of the molecular chain, and achieves a synergistic improvement of various properties, showing better aging resistance and flame retardancy, while also being able to maintain good mechanical properties.

Preferably, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant, and the preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps: step 1: mixing magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1: (8-10), and stirring to obtain a magnesium hydroxide suspension; step 2: heating the magnesium hydroxide suspension to 60-80° C., adding anhydrous ethanol solution, wherein the anhydrous ethanol solution contains 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent, stirring continuously for 2-3 hours, and then adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10-15 minutes, drying and crushing to prepare nanoparticles to obtain a composite flame retardant;

Wherein, the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide, the silane coupling agent, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the polyethylene imine is 1: (0.2-0.4): (0.2-0.4): (0.8-1.2).

In the above technical scheme, the present application prepares a composite flame retardant by adopting a specific method. The composite flame retardant has magnesium hydroxide as the main component, and by adding silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, the flame retardant effect and mechanical properties of the cable insulation sheath material are significantly improved. The applicant believes that this is because after the composite flame retardant is added to the cable insulation sheath material, the silane coupling agent can form chemical bonds with magnesium hydroxide and organic matter in the cable insulation sheath material, thereby enhancing the bonding force between magnesium hydroxide and the cable insulation sheath material, while sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine cooperate with each other and cooperate with magnesium hydroxide, so that the composite flame retardant can be evenly and stably dispersed in the cable insulation sheath material, forming a stable three-dimensional network structure at the microscopic level, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of the cable insulation sheath material.

Preferably, the stirring rate in step 2 is 280-300 r/min.

In the above technical solution, the present application limits the stirring rate to 280-300 r/min, which is conducive to the sufficient mixing and reaction between the raw materials, thereby ensuring that the composite flame retardant has good flame retardant properties.

Preferably, the antioxidant is one of dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate or a mixture thereof.

In the above technical solution, the present application can effectively inhibit the oxidation reaction of the cable insulation sheath material during use by adding the above antioxidant, thereby delaying the aging process of the cable insulation sheath material and extending its service life.

Preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is one or more of UV-326, UV-531, and UV-9.

In the above technical solution, the present application can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays from damaging the cable insulation sheath material by adding the above ultraviolet absorber, and the performance of the protective material is stable.

Preferably, the crosslinking agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane.

In the above technical solution, vinyltrimethoxysilane is used as a cross-linking agent, which can effectively promote the cross-linking reaction between polymer chains in the cable insulation sheath material, thereby improving the mechanical strength and aging resistance of the material, so that it can still maintain excellent performance during long-term use.

In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a multifunctional cable insulating sheath material using the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a multifunctional cable insulating sheath material, comprising: mixing the components, then heating to 90-110°C, stirring evenly, and then extruding at 120-140°C to obtain a multifunctional cable insulating sheath material.

In the above technical solution, the present application provides a method for preparing a multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, wherein the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material can be obtained by mixing the components, heating and stirring, and then extruding at an appropriate temperature. The method is simple to operate, easy to control, and has a prospect for industrial production.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a cable adopting the following technical solution:

A cable, characterized in that it is made of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material as described in the first aspect.

In the above technical scheme, since the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material of the present application has good aging resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties, the cable prepared using this material also has good aging resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties, and can meet the application requirements of outdoor cables.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. This application optimizes the ratio of each component and adds sodium isethionate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate to a multifunctional cable insulation material to prepare a cable insulation sheath material with multiple functions and good mechanical properties. The material not only has good aging resistance and flame retardancy, but also ensures good mechanical properties, which can meet the application requirements of modern cables.

2. This application adopts a composite flame retardant prepared by magnesium hydroxide, silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, which, after being added to the cable insulation sheath material, can form a stable three-dimensional network structure at the microscopic level, thereby significantly improving the flame retardant effect and mechanical properties of the cable insulation sheath material.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material comprises the following raw materials: 70 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 15 kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1.5 kg of a cross-linking agent, 18 kg of a flame retardant, 2 kg of an antioxidant, 2 kg of an ultraviolet absorber, 1.5 kg of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and 1.5 kg of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

Among them, the linear low-density polyethylene is from Sinopec Maoming, brand: DFDA-7144.

Among them, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is from DuPont of the United States, brand: 670.

Among them, the cross-linking agent is vinyl trimethoxy silane, which was purchased from Nanjing Quanxi New Materials Co., Ltd., item number: A-171.

The antioxidant is a mixture of dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate, and the mass ratio of dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate is 1:1.

The ultraviolet absorber is a mixture of UV-326, UV-531 and UV-9, and the mass ratio of UV-326, UV-531 and UV-9 is 1:1:1.

Among them, sodium isethionate was purchased from Hubei Wei's Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., CAS No.: 1562-00-1.

Among them, polyethylene glycol diacrylate was purchased from Pandex (Shanghai) International Trading Co., Ltd., CAS No.: 26570-48-9.

Among them, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant.

The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Mix magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:9, and stir at room temperature to obtain a magnesium hydroxide suspension;

Step 2: The magnesium hydroxide suspension is heated to 70° C., an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred at 290 r/min for 2.5 h, and then sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine are added. The mixture is stirred at 290 r/min for 12 min, and then dried and crushed, and particles with a particle size of 20 to 100 nanometers are formed using a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;

Wherein, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethylene imine is 1:0.3:0.3:1.

Among them, magnesium hydroxide was purchased from Jinan Henghan Chemical Co., Ltd., grade: superior grade.

Among them, the silane coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-590, brand: Yuanjin, product number: KH-590.

Among them, sodium lignin sulfonate was purchased from Shandong Runyue Chemical Co., Ltd.

Among them, polyethyleneimine was purchased from Wuhan Shuer Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

Among them, the preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material includes: adding each component into a mixer and mixing, then heating to 90°C, stirring evenly, after 2 hours, adding to a single screw extruder, extruding at 120°C, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material.

Example 2

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 1 in that it includes the following raw materials: 60kg linear low-density polyethylene, 20kg ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2kg cross-linking agent, 15kg flame retardant, 1kg antioxidant, 3kg ultraviolet absorber, 2kg sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and 1kg polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

Wherein, the antioxidant is dilauryl thiodipropionate.

Among them, the ultraviolet absorber is UV-326.

Among them, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant.

The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Mix magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:8, and stir at room temperature to obtain a magnesium hydroxide suspension;

Step 2: The magnesium hydroxide suspension is heated to 60° C., an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred at 280 r/min for 3 hours, and then sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine are added, and the mixture is stirred at 280 r/min for 15 minutes, and then dried and crushed, and particles with a particle size of 20 to 100 nanometers are formed using a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;

Wherein, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine is 1:0.2:0.4:1.2.

Among them, the preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material includes: adding each component into a mixer and mixing, then heating to 110°C, stirring evenly, after 3 hours, adding to a single screw extruder, extruding at 140°C, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material.

Example 3

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 1 in that it includes the following raw materials: 80kg linear low-density polyethylene, 10kg ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1kg cross-linking agent, 20kg flame retardant, 3kg antioxidant, 1kg ultraviolet absorber, 1kg sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and 2kg polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

Wherein, the antioxidant is distearyl thiodipropionate.

Among them, the ultraviolet absorber is UV-531.

Among them, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant.

The preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Mix magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:10, and stir at room temperature to obtain a magnesium hydroxide suspension;

Step 2: The magnesium hydroxide suspension is heated to 80° C., an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred at 300 r/min for 2 hours, and then sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine are added, and the mixture is stirred at 300 r/min for 10 minutes, dried and crushed, and particles with a particle size of 20 to 100 nanometers are formed by a ball mill to obtain a composite flame retardant;

Wherein, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethylene imine is 1:0.4:0.2:0.8.

Among them, the preparation method of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material includes: adding each component into a mixer and mixing, then heating to 100°C, stirring evenly, after 2.5 hours, adding to a single screw extruder, extruding at 130°C, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sheath material.

Example 4

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 1 in that the preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Mix magnesium hydroxide powder and water in a volume ratio of 1:9, and stir at room temperature to obtain a magnesium hydroxide suspension;

Step 2: heating the magnesium hydroxide suspension to 70° C., adding an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 10% m/V of a silane coupling agent, stirring continuously at 290 r/min for 2.5 hours, drying and crushing, and using a ball mill to form particles with a particle size of 20 to 100 nanometers to obtain a composite flame retardant;

Among them, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide to silane coupling agent is 1:0.3.

Example 5

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 1 in that the preparation method of the flame retardant comprises: using a ball mill to form magnesium hydroxide powder into particles with a particle size of 20 to 100 nanometers to obtain the flame retardant.

Example 6

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 1 in that sodium lignin sulfonate is not added in the preparation method of the composite flame retardant.

Example 7

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 1 in that polyethyleneimine is not added in the preparation method of the composite flame retardant.

Comparative Example 1

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 5 in that sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate is not added.

Comparative Example 2

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 5 in that polyethylene glycol diacrylate is not added.

Comparative Example 3

A multifunctional cable insulation sheath material, which is different from Example 5 in that sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are not added.

Performance Testing

Sample: Mechanical properties of the multifunctional cable insulation sheath materials of the above embodiments and comparative examples: refer to GB/T1040.1, temperature 25°C, tensile rate 200mm/min, sample thickness 1mm, and test tensile strength and elongation at break.

Aging resistance: Refer to GB/T2951.2, place in an air oven at 135℃ for aging for 7 days, take out and place at room temperature for 24 hours, then test the tensile strength and elongation at break according to GB/T1040.1, and calculate the change rate of tensile strength and elongation at break.

Flame retardant performance: Refer to GB/T2406, detection limit oxygen index.

The above test results are recorded in Table 1.

Table 1:

Combining the analysis of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3, it is not difficult to see that Examples 1-7 have good mechanical properties, aging resistance and flame retardancy.

Specifically analyzing Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-3, it is not difficult to see that the difference between Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 is that no sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate is added in Comparative Example 1, no polyethylene glycol diacrylate is added in Comparative Example 2, and no sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are added in Comparative Example 3. It can be seen that the present application can well enhance the binding force between organic and inorganic substances, significantly reduce the movement of molecular chains, and achieve synergistic improvement of various properties by adding sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate to the cable insulation sheath material, thereby showing better aging resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties.

Specifically combined with the analysis of Example 1 and Examples 4-7, the difference between Examples 4-7 and Example 1 is that different flame retardants are used. The flame retardant of Example 1 is a composite flame retardant prepared by using magnesium hydroxide, silane coupling agent, sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethylene imine, while Example 4 only uses silane coupling agent to modify magnesium hydroxide compared to Example 1, Example 5 only uses nano-grade magnesium hydroxide compared to Example 1, Example 6 does not add sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate compared to Example 1, and Example 7 does not add polyethylene glycol diacrylate compared to Example 1. It can be seen that magnesium hydroxide modified by silane coupling agent can be better combined with the cable insulation sheath material, and further adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethylene imine to cooperate with each other can further promote the uniform and stable dispersion of the flame retardant, thereby further enhancing the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of the cable insulation sheath material.

This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 15-20 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 1-2 parts of sodium isethionate and 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

2. The multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant, and the preparation method of the composite flame retardant comprises the following steps:

step 1: magnesium hydroxide powder, water at 1: mixing (8-10) by volume ratio, and stirring to obtain magnesium hydroxide suspension;

Step 2: heating a magnesium hydroxide suspension to 60-80 ℃, adding an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, wherein the absolute ethyl alcohol solution contains 10% m/V of silane coupling agent, continuously stirring for 2-3 hours, then adding sodium lignin sulfonate and polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10-15 minutes, drying and crushing to prepare nano particles, and obtaining the composite flame retardant;

wherein, the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide, the silane coupling agent, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the polyethyleneimine is 1: (0.2 to 0.4): (0.2 to 0.4): (0.8-1.2).

3. The multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to claim 2, wherein the stirring speed in the step 2 is 280-300 r/min.

4. A multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one or a mixture of dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate.

5. A multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to claim 1 wherein said ultraviolet absorber is one or more of UV-326, UV-531, UV-9.

6. A multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane.

7. A method for preparing the multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising: and mixing the components, heating to 90-110 ℃, uniformly stirring, and extruding at 120-140 ℃ to obtain the multifunctional cable insulation sleeve material.

8. A cable prepared from the multifunctional cable insulation cover material according to any one of claims 1 to 6.