CN118257515A

CN118257515A - Lateral circulation cleaning device, lateral circulation cleaning system and application method

Info

Publication number: CN118257515A
Application number: CN202211672944.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙立伟; 施连海; 韩龙; 尹家峰; 朱高磊; 黄志强; 李磊兵; 徐涛; 刘平全; 效世杰; 蒋茂盛; 张昕冉; 高鹏; 杨帆; 贺婵娟; 王晓军; 常杨; 胡君城; 吕楠; 史海涛
Original assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Great Wall Drilling Co
Current assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Great Wall Drilling Co
Priority date: 2022-12-26
Filing date: 2022-12-26
Publication date: 2024-06-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a lateral circulation cleaning device, a lateral circulation cleaning system and a using method. The device comprises: the device comprises a shell, a piston cylinder and an elastic mechanism, wherein in the assembled state: the shell is of a hollow structure, and a side wall is provided with a bypass hole; the piston cylinder is arranged in the shell, is of a hollow structure and is provided with a bell mouth for accommodating the blocking mechanism; the elastic mechanism is arranged in the shell and is positioned below the piston cylinder; after the blocking mechanism is placed at the bell mouth, the piston cylinder moves downwards to squeeze the elastic mechanism under the action of fluid pressure, and the bypass hole is communicated with a hollow structure above the bell mouth, so that fluid can clean a borehole through the bypass hole; after the blocking mechanism is proposed, the piston cylinder is reset under the action of the restoring force of the elastic mechanism. The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, repeated opening and closing for a plurality of times without tripping a pipe column to finish the plugging/sand cleaning operation, and high reliability.

Description

Lateral circulation cleaning device, lateral circulation cleaning system and application method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling and completion, in particular to a lateral circulation cleaning device, a lateral circulation cleaning system and a using method.

Background

At present, problems such as lost circulation, horizontal well Duan Chensha and the like often occur in the oilfield on-site drilling construction process, and thus borehole cleaning is required. Lost circulation refers to the loss of mud, cement slurry, or other working fluids into the formation during the drilling process, and is a common complication in drilling operations that, once improperly handled, can directly result in a well collapse, stuck or blowout event. The horizontal well section sand setting refers to the phenomenon of accumulation of rock fragments of the horizontal well section caused by insufficient underground circulation, and is extremely easy to cause complex conditions such as resistance and jamming during tripping. For horizontal wells, the quality of wellbore cleanout is directly related to the success or failure of one well drilling. In the aspect of comprehensive horizontal well drilling for many years, the phenomenon of blocking and sticking during tripping caused by insufficient cleaning of underground rock fragments occurs. According to statistics, the underground complex condition and the drilling sticking accident which occur in the rock debris bed account for 3.43% -11.67% of the time of well completion, and the operation process is seriously delayed.

At present, a drill stem bypass tool is generally adopted to solve the problems of lost circulation and sand setting in a horizontal well section, so that a plugging material and drilling fluid enter a downhole annulus through a bypass flow passage of the bypass tool to perform plugging and borehole cleaning work.

Disclosure of Invention

The inventor discovers that the bypass tool commonly used at present has complex structure, high price and limited reliability, can only perform one or a few opening/closing actions, and needs to drill up to overhaul or replace the tool when the opening/closing actions are repeated for a plurality of times, and then drill down to drill, so that the period of plugging operation/sand cleaning operation is prolonged, the drilling efficiency and the construction cost are seriously influenced, and the risk of other underground complex accidents is increased. The current few bypass tools capable of opening and closing the bypass valve infinitely have complex structural principles or special materials and high price, and cannot be popularized and applied.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a lateral circulation cleaning apparatus, system and method of use that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a lateral circulation cleaning apparatus, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a shell, a piston cylinder and an elastic mechanism, wherein in the assembled state:

The shell is of a hollow structure, and a side wall is provided with a bypass hole;

The piston cylinder is arranged in the shell, is of a hollow structure and is provided with a bell mouth for accommodating the blocking mechanism; the elastic mechanism is arranged in the shell and is positioned below the piston cylinder;

After the blocking mechanism is placed at the bell mouth, the piston cylinder moves downwards to squeeze the elastic mechanism under the action of fluid pressure, and the bypass hole is communicated with a hollow structure above the bell mouth, so that fluid can clean a borehole through the bypass hole; after the blocking mechanism is proposed, the piston cylinder is reset under the action of the restoring force of the elastic mechanism.

In some alternative embodiments, the housing comprises: an upper joint, an outer cylinder and a lower joint which are sequentially connected and have a hollow structure;

The side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a bypass hole, and the bypass hole is a step hole obliquely upwards so as to install a bypass water hole; the included angle between the center line of the bypass hole and the center line of the outer cylinder is 8-20 degrees;

The side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a guide key, the piston cylinder is provided with a guide key groove, and the guide key can slide in the guide key groove;

and a baffle ring is arranged below the guide key.

In some alternative embodiments, a bypass port is provided in the bypass port, the bypass port including a press cap, a nozzle, and a first seal assembly;

The pressure cap is installed in the bypass hole, the nozzle is installed in the pressure cap, and a first sealing component is arranged between the pressure cap and the nozzle.

In some alternative embodiments, the nozzle is of cemented carbide or ceramic material, and the included angle between the center line of the bypass hole and the center line of the outer cylinder is 10 degrees.

In some alternative embodiments, a second seal assembly and a third seal assembly are provided between the outer barrel and the piston barrel;

The bypass hole is positioned between the second sealing component and the third sealing component in the initial state, and the second sealing component is positioned below the bypass hole in the cleaning working state;

The second sealing assembly and the third sealing assembly respectively comprise at least one mud scraping ring and at least one sealing ring.

In some alternative embodiments, a plugging mechanism is also included, the plugging mechanism comprising a cable, a tap, a weighted rod, and a plug head;

one end of the nylon head is connected with a cable, the other end of the nylon head is connected with a weighting rod, and the weighting rod is connected with the blocking head;

the plug head is of a stepped shaft structure, and the middle part of the plug head is a conical surface.

In some alternative embodiments, the plugging mechanism further comprises a first toggle, a rubber pad, and a fourth seal assembly;

The nylon heads are connected with the weighting rods through the first variable buckles;

the conical surface is provided with a rubber pad, and one end of the plugging head with smaller diameter is provided with a fourth sealing assembly.

In some alternative embodiments, the plugging head comprises a first cylinder section, a cone section, a second cylinder section and a third cylinder section, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder section is smaller than that of the second cylinder section, the cone section is connected with the first cylinder section and the second cylinder section, a fourth sealing piece mounting groove is arranged on the first cylinder section, and the diameter of the third cylinder section is smaller than that of the second cylinder section and is used for connecting a weighting rod; or (b)

The blocking head comprises a sealing head, a blocking body and at least two anti-blocking sliding blocks; the blocking body comprises a first cylinder section, a first cone section, a second cone section and a second cylinder section, the sealing head is arranged outside the first cylinder section, the second cylinder section is used for being connected with a weighting rod, the first cone section is provided with at least two dovetail structures, the anti-blocking sliding block is provided with dovetail grooves to be matched with the dovetail structures, so that the anti-blocking sliding block can slide along the first cone section to change the outer diameter, and the length of the anti-blocking sliding block is smaller than that of the first cone section.

The embodiment of the invention provides a lateral circulation cleaning system, which comprises: a wellhead assembly and the lateral circulation cleaning device described above;

the wellhead device is provided with a cable sealing device which is used for realizing that the blocking mechanism is placed into the lateral circulation cleaning device or the blocking mechanism is lifted out of the lateral circulation cleaning device through a cable.

In some alternative embodiments, the wellhead includes: cable sealing device, tee bend structure and cable shearing mechanism;

The cable sealing device is connected with the first end of the tee joint structure, the cable shearing device is connected with the second section of the tee joint structure, and the third end of the tee joint structure can be connected with the liquid inlet joint;

the cable sealing device is used for sealing the passing cable, and the cable shearing device can shear the passing cable and seal the wellhead.

In some alternative embodiments, the cable sealing apparatus includes: the sealing device comprises a sealing main body, an upper pressing cap, an upper pressing sleeve, a sealing packing, a lower pressing sleeve and a lower pressing cap;

the sealing packing is wound on a cable, and the cable passes through the inner cavity of the sealing main body;

The upper pressing sleeve and the upper pressing cap are positioned at the upper end of the sealing main body, the upper pressing sleeve is nested outside the cable, and the upper pressing cap is nested outside the upper pressing sleeve so as to press the cable;

The pressing sleeve and the pressing cap are positioned at the lower end of the sealing main body, the pressing sleeve is nested outside the cable, and the pressing cap is nested outside the pressing sleeve so as to press the cable.

In some alternative embodiments, the cable shearing apparatus comprises: a shear body and a shear mechanism;

The shearing main body is of a four-way structure, the upper cylinder is used for being connected with a tee joint, the lower cylinder is used for being connected with other borehole tools, and the left cylinder and the right cylinder are respectively provided with a shearing mechanism;

the shearing mechanism of the left cylinder body and the shearing mechanism in the right cylinder body are matched with each other to shear the cable and seal a liquid passage between the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body.

In some alternative embodiments, the shearing mechanism comprises: the device comprises a plug, an operating rod, an operating handle, a sealing body, a shearing blade, a bearing body and a sealing rubber core;

the plug is arranged at the barrel opening of the shearing main body, the operating rod is arranged on the plug, and the operating handle is arranged on the operating rod;

the operating rod is connected with the sealing body, and the operating handle is rotated to drive the sealing body to move inwards through the operating rod;

The shearing blade is arranged on the sealing body and driven by the sealing body to move inwards so as to shear the cable;

the bearing body and the sealing rubber core are arranged on the sealing body, the bearing body is used for bearing the sealing rubber core, and the sealing rubber core is driven by the sealing body to move inwards so as to seal a liquid passage between an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body of the shearing main body.

The embodiment of the invention provides a use method of the lateral circulation cleaning device, which comprises the following steps:

The method comprises the steps that a blocking mechanism is put into a piston cylinder of a lateral circulation cleaning device through a wellhead device, and a hollow structure of the piston cylinder is blocked;

The piston cylinder moves downwards under the action of fluid pressure, extrudes the elastic mechanism, enables the bypass hole to be communicated with the hollow structure above the bell mouth, and fluid flows into the outer side of the shell through the bypass hole to clean a borehole;

after the cleaning is finished, the blocking mechanism is provided, and the piston cylinder is reset under the action of the restoring force of the elastic mechanism.

In some alternative embodiments, the above method further comprises:

when an abnormal condition requiring emergency well closing occurs in the well bore, the cable is sheared off and the well bore is plugged by a cable shearing device in the wellhead.

The embodiment of the invention provides an application of the lateral circulation cleaning device in wellbore plugging/sand cleaning operation. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:

Through the cooperation of shell and piston tube, after piston tube hollow structure is plugged by blocking mechanism, the piston hole moves down under fluid pressure, expose the bypass hole and make the hollow structure and the bypass hole intercommunication above the horn mouth, fluid flows in the bypass hole from hollow structure, get into the shell outside through the bypass hole in order to wash the wellbore, after wasing, propose blocking mechanism and can make the piston hole reset under the elastic mechanism effect, the bypass hole no longer communicates with the hollow structure above the horn mouth, thereby realize opening and closing the completion leaking stoppage/sand cleaning operation many times under the condition of not tripping the tubular column, improve drilling efficiency, reduce construction cost, the device simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, the reliability is high, facilitate promotion and application.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lateral circulation cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a side circulation cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bypass port according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view in the P direction of FIG. 4 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a blocking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an anti-seize plug in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a wellhead assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a cable seal device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a cable seal packing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a cable seal packing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a cable shearing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. An upper joint; 2. an outer cylinder; 3. a piston cylinder; 4. a mud scraping ring; 5. a seal ring; 6. bypass port; 7. a guide key; 8. a baffle ring; 9. an elastic mechanism; 10. a lower joint; 11. a blocking mechanism; 12. a cable sealing device; 13. a tee structure; 14. a plug valve; 15. a liquid inlet joint; 16. a cable shearing device; 17. a second button;

6-1, pressing the cap; 6-2, a nozzle; 6-3, a first sealing assembly;

11-1, a cable; 11-2, a gulfweed; 11-3, a first variant button; 11-4, a weighting rod; 11-5, blocking the head; 11-6, rubber pad; 11-7, a fourth seal assembly; 11-8, a sealing head; 11-9, a blocking body; 11-10, anti-blocking sliding blocks; 11-11, shearing pins;

12-1, a sealing body; 12-2, pressing the cap; 12-3, pressing the sleeve; 12-4, sealing packing; 12-5, pressing down the sleeve; 12-6, pressing down the cap;

16-1, shearing the main body; 16-2, a plug; 16-3, an anti-falling cap; 16-4, an operation handle; 16-5, screw heads; 16-6, a first limit screw; 16-7, a screw rod; 16-8, a second limit screw; 16-9, a sealing body; 16-10, sealing ring; 16-11, shearing blades; 16-12, a first mounting screw; 16-13, a sealing rubber core; 16-14, a supporting body; 16-15, a second mounting screw.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In order to solve the problems that a bypass tool in the prior art is complex in structure, high in price, incapable of repeatedly opening and closing, limited in reliability, incapable of being popularized and applied and the like, the embodiment of the invention provides a lateral circulation cleaning device, which is a low-cost simple lateral circulation tool, simple in structure, low in price, high in reliability, capable of repeatedly opening/closing actions for a plurality of times, and solves the problems that the tool in the current plugging/sand cleaning operation is complex in structure, high in price, low in reliability, limited in opening/closing action times and the like.

The lateral circulation cleaning device provided by the embodiment of the invention, with reference to fig. 1 and 2, comprises: a housing, a piston cylinder 3 and an elastic mechanism 9, the device being in an assembled state:

The piston cylinder 3 is arranged in the shell, and the piston cylinder 3 is of a hollow structure and is provided with a bell mouth for accommodating the blocking mechanism 11; the elastic mechanism 9 is arranged in the shell and positioned below the piston cylinder 3;

After the blocking mechanism 11 is placed at the bell mouth, the piston cylinder 3 moves downwards to squeeze the elastic mechanism 9 under the action of fluid pressure, and the bypass hole is communicated with a hollow structure above the bell mouth, so that fluid can clean a well hole through the bypass hole; after the blocking mechanism 11 is lifted, the piston cylinder 3 is reset under the action of the restoring force of the elastic mechanism 9.

According to the lateral circulation cleaning device, after the hollow structure of the piston cylinder is plugged by the plugging mechanism, the piston hole moves downwards under fluid pressure, the bypass hole is exposed to enable the hollow structure above the bell mouth to be communicated with the bypass hole, fluid flows into the bypass hole from the hollow structure, enters the outside of the shell through the bypass hole to clean a borehole, after cleaning is completed, the piston hole can be reset under the action of the elastic mechanism by proposing the plugging mechanism, the bypass hole is not communicated with the hollow structure above the bell mouth any more, so that plugging/sand cleaning operation is completed by opening and closing for many times under the condition of not taking down a tubular column, drilling efficiency is improved, construction cost is reduced, and the device is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to operate, high in reliability and convenient to popularize and apply.

In some alternative embodiments, the housing comprises an upper joint 1, an outer cylinder 2 and a lower joint 10 of hollow structure connected in sequence; the side wall of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a bypass hole which is a step hole obliquely upwards so as to install a bypass water hole 6; the included angle between the center line of the bypass hole and the center line of the outer cylinder 2 is 8-20 degrees. Optionally, a guide key 7 is arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder 2, a guide key groove is arranged on the piston cylinder 3, and the guide key 7 can slide in the guide key groove; further alternatively, a baffle ring 8 is arranged below the guide key 7.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the lateral circulation cleaning device can be installed at a position of a drilling string close to a wellhead, and an upper joint 1, an outer barrel 2 and a lower joint 10 are sequentially connected through threads to form a main body part of the device, namely a shell. The upper joint 1 is used for connecting an upper drill string, the lower end is connected with the outer barrel 2 through threads, the lower joint 10 is used for connecting a lower drill string, and the upper end is connected with the outer barrel 2 through threads. The upper end of the piston cylinder 3 is designed into a horn mouth shape and is used for hanging the blocking mechanism 11.

In some alternative embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, a bypass port 6 is provided in the bypass port, the bypass port 6 including a press cap 6-1, a nozzle 6-2, and a first seal assembly 6-3; the press cap is installed in the bypass hole, the nozzle 6-2 is installed in the press cap 6-1, and a first sealing component 6-3 is arranged between the press cap 6-1 and the nozzle 6-2. The first sealing assembly may be a sealing ring, and one, two or more sealing rings may be provided.

The nozzle 6-2 is made of hard alloy or ceramic material, and the included angle between the center line of the bypass hole and the center line of the outer cylinder is 10 degrees. The nozzle is made of hard alloy or ceramic, is wear-resistant and erosion-resistant, is arranged in the pressure cap, and is sealed by arranging a sealing ring between the hard alloy and the ceramic. The pressure cap is arranged on the outer barrel through threads, the water outlet direction of the bypass water hole forms an angle of 10 degrees with the main axis of the tool, internal fluid can be ensured to flow out obliquely upwards, and the vertical injection is prevented from damaging the well wall.

In some alternative embodiments, a second seal assembly and a third seal assembly are provided between the outer barrel 2 and the piston barrel 3; the bypass hole is positioned between the second sealing component and the third sealing component in the initial state, and the second sealing component is positioned below the bypass hole in the cleaning working state; the second and third sealing assemblies comprise at least one mud scraping ring 4 and at least one sealing ring 5, respectively.

Referring to fig. 1,2 and 3, two sets of sealing structures are designed on the outer side of the outer cylinder 2, and include a mud scraping ring 4 and a sealing ring 5, and when no external force exists, the two sets of sealing structures are just located on the upper side and the lower side of the bypass water hole, so that the internal fluid and the external fluid can be isolated, and the initial state shown in fig. 1 can be ensured. The mud scraping ring is generally made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials, has good wear resistance and is used for preventing mud from entering the sealing structure; the sealing ring is usually a che sealing ring and a Yx sealing ring, has good wear resistance and is used for reliable sealing performance under the working condition of reciprocating motion. The middle part of the piston cylinder 3 is provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is matched with a guide key 7 embedded and welded in the middle part of the outer cylinder to ensure that the piston cylinder 3 can only axially move but cannot rotate. The lower part of the piston cylinder 3 is in a slender cylinder shape, a baffle ring 8 and an elastic mechanism 9 are sequentially arranged, the lower end of the piston cylinder 3 is inserted into the upper part of a lower joint 10, and a sealing structure is designed to isolate internal and external fluids at the same contact part with the lower joint 10. The baffle ring 8 is used for isolating and protecting the elastic mechanism 9, and the elastic mechanism 9 can be a common spring or a belleville spring.

The upper joint 1, the outer cylinder 2, the piston cylinder 3 and the lower joint 10 are hollow structures and are provided with central through holes, and in an initial state, the central through holes of the upper joint 1, the piston cylinder 3 and the lower joint 10 are communicated to form a fluid channel, and the bypass holes are not communicated with the fluid channel at the moment due to the sealing effect of the first sealing assembly; after the bell mouth of the piston cylinder is plugged, the piston cylinder descends to expose the bypass hole, and the central through holes of the upper joint 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are communicated with the bypass hole to form a fluid channel.

In some alternative embodiments, the device further comprises an occlusion mechanism 11. Namely, the embodiment of the invention provides a lateral circulation cleaning device, and a preferable structure comprises an upper joint 1, an outer cylinder 2, a piston cylinder 3, a mud scraping ring 4, a sealing ring 5, a bypass water hole 6, a guide key 7, a baffle ring 8, an elastic mechanism 9, a lower joint 10, a blocking mechanism 11 and the like.

The blocking mechanism 11 comprises a cable 11-1, a faucet 11-2, a weighting rod 11-4 and a blocking head 11-5; one end of the cock 11-2 is connected with a cable, the other end is connected with the weighting rod 11-4, and the weighting rod 11-4 is connected with the blocking head 11-5; the plug head 11-5 has a stepped shaft structure, and the middle part of the plug head is provided with a plug conical surface.

An optional structure of the blocking head is as follows: the blocking head comprises a first cylinder section, a cone section, a second cylinder section and a third cylinder section, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder section is smaller than that of the second cylinder section, the cone section is connected with the first cylinder section and the second cylinder section, a fourth sealing element mounting groove is formed in the first cylinder section, and the diameter of the third cylinder section is smaller than that of the second cylinder section and used for being connected with a weighting rod.

The cable 11-1 may be a logging cable, or another cable, as long as it can withstand the weight of the plugging mechanism and is lowered onto the upper side of the piston cylinder, so as to plug the middle through hole of the piston cylinder and move the piston cylinder downward.

Optionally, the blocking mechanism further comprises a first button 11-3, a rubber pad 11-6 and a fourth sealing component 11-7; the horse head 11-2 is connected with the weighting rod 11-4 through a first variable buckle 11-3; a rubber pad 11-6 is arranged on the plugging conical surface, and a fourth sealing component 11-7 is arranged at one end of the plugging head 11-5 with smaller diameter. The fourth sealing assembly may be a sealing ring, one or more sealing rings, and the sealing ring may be arranged in a sealing ring groove of the plugging head 11-5.

One preferred construction of the plugging mechanism 11 includes a cable 11-1, a faucet 11-2, a first button 11-3, a weighted rod 11-4, a plugging head 11-5, a rubber gasket 11-6, and a fourth seal assembly 11-7, as shown in FIG. 6. The cable is connected with the tap by adopting a special mode, the tap, the first variable buckle, the weighting rod and the blocking head are connected by adopting threads, a rubber pad is vulcanized and installed on the blocking head, and a sealing ring is installed at the lower end of the blocking head. The cable is used for descending the blocking mechanism to the bell mouth at the upper end of the piston cylinder, so that the central flow channel can be blocked, fluid pumped by the ground cannot flow downwards into the tool, a pressure difference is formed at the upper side and the lower side of the piston cylinder, downward thrust is formed on the piston cylinder, the piston cylinder is pushed to flow downwards, the bypass water hole is exposed, the fluid channels inside and outside the tool are formed, and the plugging/sand cleaning operation can be realized, as shown in fig. 2. The well head pumps fluid downwards all the time during operation, the bypass water hole is always in an open state, the elastic mechanism is in a compressed state, pumping is stopped after operation is finished, the blocking mechanism is lifted up, the elastic mechanism releases energy and gradually stretches, the piston cylinder is pushed to upwards seal the bypass water hole, and drilling can be continued. Aiming at a well with smaller well deviation, the blocking mechanism can be automatically lowered into position under the action of gravity; for a well with larger well deviation or a horizontal well, fluid can be pumped by a well mouth when the blocking mechanism cannot be lowered, the blocking head is pushed to move forward, the blocking head is seated in the bell mouth, the piston cylinder is continuously pushed to move forward under pressure, and the bypass water hole is opened. The blocking phenomenon of the blocking head can occur in the horizontal well section, and the blocking prevention plug head can be replaced according to the situation.

In some alternative embodiments, the plugging head may adopt an anti-blocking plugging head with an anti-blocking function, that is, another alternative structure of the plugging head is that: the blocking head comprises a sealing head, a blocking body and at least two anti-blocking sliding blocks; the blocking body comprises a first cylinder section, a first cone section, a second cone section and a second cylinder section, the sealing head is arranged outside the first cylinder section, the second cylinder section is used for being connected with the weighting rod, the first cone section is provided with at least two dovetail structures, and the anti-blocking sliding block is provided with dovetail grooves to be matched with the dovetail structures so that the anti-blocking sliding block can slide along the first cone section to change the outer diameter, and the length of the anti-blocking sliding block is smaller than that of the first cone section.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the anti-blocking head comprises a sealing head 11-8, a blocking body 11-9, an anti-blocking sliding block 11-10 and a shearing pin 11-11, wherein a sealing ring is arranged on the sealing head, and a central flow passage can be blocked by sitting in a bell mouth to realize the sealing of a pipe column; the blocking body is conical, the blocking body and the anti-blocking sliding block are installed together through the dovetail groove structure, axial fixation is achieved through the shearing pin, the cross section of the structure is larger when the tool is normally lowered, the fluid pushing force can be well borne, when the blocking is lifted, the shearing pin is sheared, the anti-blocking sliding block relatively descends, the cross section of the whole structure is reduced under the action of the conical structure, and blocking removal is achieved.

Based on the unified invention concept, the lateral circulation cleaning system of the embodiment of the invention is characterized by comprising the following components: a wellhead assembly and a lateral circulation cleaning assembly; a cable seal is provided in the wellhead for enabling the plugging mechanism to be placed into or lifted from the lateral circulation cleaning device by a cable.

Wherein, wellhead assembly includes: a cable sealing device 12, a tee structure 13 and a cable shearing device 16; the cable sealing device 12 is connected with the first end of the tee structure 13, the cable shearing device 16 is connected with the second section of the tee structure 13, and the third end of the tee structure 13 can be connected with a liquid inlet joint; the cable sealing device 12 is used for sealing a cable passing through, and the cable shearing device 16 can shear the cable passing through and seal a wellhead. The third end axis of the tee structure 13 is perpendicular to the axis of the first end and also perpendicular to the axis of the second end.

The wellhead further comprises a plug valve 14 and a fluid inlet fitting 15, the plug valve 14 and the fluid inlet fitting 15 being mounted on a third end of the three-way structure 13. The wellhead assembly further comprises a second stab 17, wherein the second stab 17 is arranged at the lower end of the cable shearing device.

When the lateral circulation cleaning device is used for operation, a logging winch and a wellhead device can be arranged for conveniently putting in the blocking mechanism. Referring to fig. 9, the wellhead assembly comprises a cable seal device 12, a tee structure 13, a plug valve 14, a fluid inlet joint 15, a cable shearing device 16 and a second variable buckle 17, wherein the parts are connected through threads. The cable sealing device is used for sealing a gap between the tubular column and the cable, so that the wellhead sealing is ensured to be free from leakage; the tee joint is used for simultaneously realizing tool lifting and fluid pumping, the upper port and the lower port of the tee joint can lift and lower the blocking mechanism, and the lateral port can pump fluid into the tubular column; the liquid inlet joint is used for connecting a pumping pipeline; the plug valve is used for controlling the opening/closing of the pumping flow channel; the cable shearing device is used for shearing cables and sealing a wellhead under special working conditions such as overflow, blowout and the like, so that the blowout prevention function is realized; the second button is used for connecting the lower drill rod.

In some alternative embodiments, the cable sealing apparatus described above includes: the sealing main body 12-1, the upper pressing cap 12-2, the upper pressing sleeve 12-3, the sealing packing 12-4, the lower pressing sleeve 12-5 and the lower pressing cap 12-6; the sealing packing 12-4 is wound on a cable, and the cable passes through the inner cavity of the sealing main body 12-1; the upper pressing sleeve 12-3 and the upper pressing cap 12-2 are positioned at the upper end of the sealing main body 12-1, the upper pressing sleeve 12-3 is nested outside the cable, and the upper pressing cap 12-2 is nested outside the upper pressing sleeve 12-3 so as to press the cable; the pressing sleeve 12-5 and the pressing cap 12-6 are positioned at the lower end of the sealing main body 12-1, the pressing sleeve 12-5 is nested outside the cable, and the pressing cap 12-6 is nested outside the pressing sleeve 12-5 so as to press the cable.

Referring to fig. 10, the cable sealing device includes a sealing body 12-1, an upper press cap 12-2, an upper press sleeve 12-3, a sealing packing 12-4, a lower press sleeve 12-5, and a lower press cap 12-6. When the cable is used, the cable sequentially passes through the upper pressing cap, the upper pressing sleeve, the sealing main body, the sealing packing, the lower pressing sleeve and the lower pressing cap from top to bottom, the upper pressing sleeve and the lower pressing sleeve are two-petal copper sleeves, and the cable is installed between the cable and the pressing cap to play a role in righting and preventing wear.

The sealing packing structure is shown in fig. 11 and 12, is machined by adopting wear-resistant rubber, is cylindrical in overall appearance, is integrally cut along a spiral line, and is spirally stretched along the axial direction, so that the packing is convenient to install, replace and deform and seal. When the cable is lifted up and down, the lower pressing cap and the sealing main body are screwed up through threads, the upper pressing cap and the sealing main body are also installed through threads, the tightening is not needed, the packing is ensured to be in a loose state, and the cable is convenient to lift up and down; after the plugging mechanism is lowered to the bottom, when fluid needs to be pumped, the upper pressing cap is screwed down, and the upper pressing cap moves downwards axially to squeeze the packing, so that the packing is gradually compressed and deformed, the annular space around the cable is filled, the leakage of the fluid is blocked, and sealing is realized. When the cable is required to be lifted after the operation is finished, the upper pressing cap is unscrewed.

In some alternative embodiments, referring to fig. 13, the cable shearing apparatus described above includes: a shear body 16-1 and a shear mechanism; the shearing main body is of a four-way structure, the upper cylinder is used for being connected with a tee joint, the lower cylinder is used for being connected with other borehole tools, and the left cylinder and the right cylinder are respectively provided with a shearing mechanism; the shearing mechanism of the left cylinder body and the shearing mechanism of the right cylinder body are matched with each other to shear the cable and seal the liquid passage between the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body.

Wherein, shearing mechanism includes: the sealing device comprises a plug 16-2, an operating rod (comprising a screw head 16-5 and a screw 16-7), an operating handle 16-4, a sealing body 16-9, a shearing blade 16-11, a bearing body 16-14 and a sealing rubber core 16-13; the plug 16-2 is arranged at the barrel opening of the shearing main body 16-1, the operating rod is arranged on the plug 16-2, and the operating handle 16-4 is arranged on the operating rod; the operating rod is connected with the sealing body 16-9, and the operating handle 16-4 can be rotated to drive the sealing body 16-9 to move inwards through the operating rod; the shearing blade 16-11 is arranged on the sealing body 16-9, and is driven by the sealing body 16-9 to move inwards so as to shear the cable; the supporting body 16-14 and the sealing rubber core 16-13 are arranged on the sealing body 16-9, the supporting body 16-14 is used for supporting the sealing rubber core 16-13, and the sealing rubber core 16-13 is driven by the sealing body 16-9 to move inwards so as to seal a liquid passage between an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder of the shearing main body 16-1.

A preferred cable shearing device is shown in FIG. 13 and structurally comprises a shearing body 16-1, a plug 16-2, an anti-drop cap 16-3, an operating handle 16-4, a screw head 16-5, a first limit screw 16-6, a screw rod 16-7, a second limit screw 16-8, a sealing body 16-9, a sealing ring 16-10, a shearing blade 16-11, a first mounting screw 16-12, a sealing rubber core 16-13, a bearing body 16-14 and a second mounting screw 16-15. The main body part is four-way, and two upper and lower ports are used for the cable and instrument to go up and down to pass through, and a set of shearing mechanism is installed respectively to both sides port. The plug is connected with the main body through threads, so that the lateral port can be plugged. The sealing body is I-shaped, installs inside the side port, and its left side part outside design has the seal groove, installs the sealing washer for realize with the main part between sealed, the right side part outside design has the guide way, with the guide key cooperation on the main part guarantee that the sealing body can only axial movement and can not take place the rotation. Simultaneously, shear blade, first mounting screw, sealed core, support body and second mounting screw are still installed to the right side part, and sealed core is installed between sealed body and support body, shear blade pass through mounting screw to be fixed on the sealed body, and shear blade is used for shearing the cable, and sealed core is used for sealing the wellhead after the cable cuts, and the support body is used for bearing and protecting sealed core. The left end of the sealing body is cylindrical, the right end of the screw rod is inserted into the cylinder, the outside of the cylinder is provided with a hole, a limit screw is arranged, the lower end of the limit screw is screwed into a limit groove on the outside of the screw rod, and the structure can ensure that the screw rod and the sealing body can only relatively rotate and cannot axially move. The screw rod is connected with the plug through rectangular threads, and the screw rod and the plug can axially move while relatively rotating. The left side of the screw rod is connected with the screw rod head through threads and is fixed by using a limit screw, an operating handle mounting hole is designed on the screw rod head, after the operating handle is inserted into the operating handle mounting hole, the anti-drop caps are arranged at the two ends of the screw rod, the operating handle is prevented from dropping, and the operating handle is connected with the anti-drop caps through threads.

The two lateral ports of the cable shearing device are identical in structure, but the installation directions of the shearing blades are opposite. When the left operating handle rotates clockwise, the screw rotates to drive the sealing body and the like to move to the right, and when the right operating handle rotates clockwise, the screw rotates to drive the sealing body and the like to move to the left, the shearing blades at the two sides are gradually close to each other, the cable is sheared under the action of the cutting edge, and meanwhile, the sealing rubber cores at the two sides are also gradually close to each other to form a whole, so that wellhead sealing is realized.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a using method of the lateral circulation cleaning device, which comprises the following steps: the blocking mechanism is put into a piston cylinder of the lateral circulation cleaning device through a wellhead device to block a hollow structure of the piston cylinder; the piston cylinder moves downwards under the action of fluid pressure, extrudes the elastic mechanism, enables the bypass hole to be communicated with the hollow structure above the bell mouth, and fluid flows into the outer side of the shell through the bypass hole to clean the well hole; after the cleaning is finished, the blocking mechanism is provided, and the piston cylinder is reset under the action of the restoring force of the elastic mechanism.

In some alternative embodiments, the method described above further comprises: when an abnormal condition requiring emergency well closing occurs in the well bore, the cable is sheared off and the well bore is plugged by a cable shearing device in the wellhead.

The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the lateral circulation cleaning device in wellbore plugging/sand cleaning operation.

The relevant content related to the above method and application is not described in detail here in the device and system parts.

The lateral circulation cleaning device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: 1) Common designs such as an electric control device, a soluble ball, a slideway transposition device and ball throwing operation are not involved, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, low price, convenient operation and high reliability; 2) Under the condition of good sealing, the opening/closing actions can be repeated for infinite times, and the plugging and sand cleaning operation can be effectively completed.

When the lateral circulating tool is used on site, the lateral circulating tool is drilled along with the well drilling pipe column to be put into a shaft, when the plugging/sand cleaning operation is needed, a matched wellhead device is arranged at a wellhead, a plugging mechanism is put into the well, and after the tool is put into place, a central flow passage of the pipe column is plugged. And (3) screwing up the cable sealing device, connecting a pumping pipeline, pumping fluid, pressing, descending a piston cylinder under the action of hydraulic pressure, opening a bypass water hole, forming a fluid channel inside and outside the pipe column, and thus, plugging/sand cleaning operation can be implemented. When a common blocking mechanism cannot be lowered in place in a highly-inclined/horizontal well section, the blocking mechanism can be pressed in advance, the blocking mechanism is conveyed to the bell mouth by utilizing the hydraulic action, the blocking of a central flow passage is realized, the pressing is continued, the opening of a bypass water hole is realized, and then the plugging/sand cleaning operation is completed.

The lateral circulation tool designed by the invention needs to be provided with a logging winch when in use, a device is relatively added, and the cable lifting and plugging mechanism wastes a certain amount of time compared with the common ball throwing operation, but the logging winch belongs to the conventional device, has low price and convenient hoisting, can be used for tens to hundreds of times by one set of device, and has low average lifting and plugging cost by one time; in the aspect of tool lifting time, the cable lifting speed can reach more than 10000m/h, according to the side direction circulation tool depth of 3000m, the plugging mechanism lifting speed is 12000m/h, only 30min is needed for the next time, and the influence on the construction period is small. In a comprehensive view, compared with the existing drill rod bypass tool for plugging/sand removal, the tool has the advantages of simple structure, low price, convenience in operation and high reliability, can repeatedly open/close actions for unlimited times under the condition of no damage of sealing, effectively completes plugging/sand removal operation, and has good application prospect.

It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed are examples of exemplary approaches. Based on design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of this invention.

The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, as used in the specification or claims, the term "comprising" is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising," as interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

Claims

1. A lateral circulation cleaning apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a shell, a piston cylinder and an elastic mechanism, wherein in the assembled state:

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises: an upper joint, an outer cylinder and a lower joint which are sequentially connected and have a hollow structure;

and a baffle ring is arranged below the guide key.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein a bypass port is provided in the bypass port, the bypass port comprising a press cap, a nozzle, and a first seal assembly;

4. The device of claim 2, wherein the nozzle is of cemented carbide or ceramic material, and the centerline of the bypass orifice is at an angle of 10 degrees to the centerline of the outer barrel.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a second seal assembly and a third seal assembly are disposed between the outer barrel and the piston barrel;

6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a plugging mechanism comprising a cable, a tap, a weighted rod, and a plug head;

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the occlusion mechanism further comprises a first toggle, a rubber pad, and a fourth seal assembly;

8. The device of claim 6, wherein the occlusion head comprises a first cylinder section, a cone section, a second cylinder section and a third cylinder section, the first cylinder section having a smaller diameter than the second cylinder section, the cone section connecting the first cylinder section and the second cylinder section, the first cylinder section having a fourth seal mounting groove thereon, the third cylinder section having a smaller diameter than the second cylinder section and being adapted to connect the weighted rod; or (b)

9. A lateral circulation cleaning system, comprising: wellhead means and lateral circulation cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8;

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the wellhead comprises: cable sealing device, tee bend structure and cable shearing mechanism;

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the cable sealing device comprises: the sealing device comprises a sealing main body, an upper pressing cap, an upper pressing sleeve, a sealing packing, a lower pressing sleeve and a lower pressing cap;

12. The system of any of claims 9-11, wherein the cable shearing device comprises: a shear body and a shear mechanism;

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the shearing mechanism comprises: the device comprises a plug, an operating rod, an operating handle, a sealing body, a shearing blade, a bearing body and a sealing rubber core;

14. A method of using a lateral circulation cleaning apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:

15. The method as recited in claim 14, further comprising:

16. Use of a lateral circulation cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in wellbore plugging/sand removal operations.