CN118084454B - Rock plate for hot-bending integrated basin, hot-bending integrated basin and preparation method of rock plate - Google Patents
Rock plate for hot-bending integrated basin, hot-bending integrated basin and preparation method of rock plate Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- NREVZTYRXVBFAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ol;yttrium Chemical compound [Y].CC(C)O.CC(C)O.CC(C)O NREVZTYRXVBFAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- BEDFIBPNPHRGDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Y] BEDFIBPNPHRGDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000692783 Chylismia claviformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical group [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002928 artificial marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical group [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3481—Alkaline earth metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. cordierite, beryl, micas such as margarite, plagioclase feldspars such as anorthite, zeolites such as chabazite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a rock plate for a hot-bending integrated basin, the hot-bending integrated basin and a preparation method thereof. The whole formula of the invention is heated uniformly, and has mechanical property, plasticity, lubricity and aesthetic property, so that the basin body can reach higher depth. In addition, aluminum isopropoxide, yttrium isopropoxide, water and silicon dioxide are adopted to prepare gel, and then the gel is calcined to obtain the novel hot bending auxiliary agent, compared with YAlO 3、Y4Al2O9、Y3Al5O12, the novel hot bending auxiliary agent has a lower melting point, can be well dispersed in a rock plate, reduces the oxygen content in the rock plate, enables the crystal to grow slowly in a high-temperature heat preservation stage of hot bending, weakens the crystallization condition, keeps a better glass state of a glaze layer, and obtains stable glossiness. The whole formula of the invention is heated uniformly, and has mechanical property, plasticity, lubricity and aesthetic property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a rock plate for a hot-bending integrated basin, the hot-bending integrated basin and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A thermally curved integral tub is a common bathroom or kitchen tub and is typically made from a single piece of unitary material such as artificial stone, marble, or other composite materials. The hot bending integrated basin starts from a glass hot bending basin, and is developed into a ceramic integrated basin and a Koli resistant integrated basin, wherein the three integrated basins have the advantages and the disadvantages, and the glass hot bending basin has high transparency and glossiness and provides modern and fashionable appearance. The disadvantage is that it is fragile and not resistant to high temperatures, and for higher temperature objects, the glass is prone to bursting or breakage. The ceramic integrated basin has higher wear resistance and durability, is easy to clean, has more alternative colors and styles, and has strong adaptability. It is still brittle, not resistant to high temperatures and is prone to scratching. The integral pot has high wear resistance and durability, is not easy to deform, crack or fade, can be manufactured into various shapes and designs by a thermoforming technology, and provides diversified choices. But it is easy to change color, expensive and difficult to repair.
The hot bending rock plate integrated basin represents innovation and progress of integrated basin processing technology, brings new design possibility for the field of construction and decoration, and simultaneously meets the demands of people for personalized and artistic decoration.
By "hot-bending" is meant that upon heating, these materials can be bent into different shapes, thereby forming pots of various design styles. The basin is generally more fluid, seamless, easy to clean and maintain, and more aesthetically pleasing. The hot-bending integrated basin is popular in modern home decoration, and can provide higher-end appearance and practicability.
The rock plate for the hot bending integrated basin is a ceramic rock plate processed under the high-temperature condition and has a unique curve or bending shape. Such a rock plate is generally manufactured by heating a ceramic rock plate to a certain temperature and then applying pressure in a heated state or molding by a mold. The hot bending processing technology brings brand new possibility for processing the ceramic rock plate. By controlling the softening and deformation of the ceramic rock plate under high temperature conditions, an integrated basin product with a curved aesthetic feeling and a unique shape can be created.
In addition to aesthetic advantages, the thermally curved integrated basin rock plate also has certain practical properties. Because the ceramic rock plate has the characteristics of durability, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, the hot-bending ceramic rock plate generally has better durability and stability, and is suitable for various indoor and outdoor environments.
However, there are also problems associated with the production of thermally curved integrated bowls wherein the required panels of the thermally curved integrated bowls are required to meet the performance requirements of secondary thermoforming. The rock plate is reduced after being subjected to secondary heating and hot bending treatment, so that the glossiness and flatness of the glaze are reduced, and even the defects of orange peel, brown eyes, glaze bubbles and the like appear on the glaze, so that the attractiveness of the rock plate cannot be maintained. In addition, the depth of the basin liner is an examination of the practicability of the basin, and the basin liner is too shallow and is easy to splash. The maximum depth that a hot-bending plate can bend out is the performance of the plate itself: (1) High temperature viscosity, if the sheet is too poor in viscosity at high temperature, the bowl breaks; the viscosity is too good and the bending does not occur. So we need the board itself to have a certain high temperature viscosity; (2) If the melting temperature is too high, the required kiln equipment temperature is too high, and the equipment cannot reach the required temperature. Maintaining the integral basin at the proper depth and forming the plate in its entirety during the secondary heating process is also a relatively great challenge.
Therefore, the selection of the rock plate materials and the integral forming process thereof have higher requirements than the traditional curved rock plate, and a new formula of the hot-bending integral basin rock plate capable of reducing bubbling and color losing needs to be developed to improve the quality of the rock plate for the hot-bending integral basin and reduce the defective rate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rock plate for a hot-bending integrated basin, the hot-bending integrated basin and a preparation method thereof.
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of albite water abrasive, 15-20 parts of potassium albite, 30-35 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3-5 parts of high-strength soil, 3-6 parts of silica, 1-3 parts of talcum, 3-5 parts of serpentine, 3-5 parts of pyroxene, 3-5 parts of sillimanite, 3-5 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.5-1 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13-14 parts of aluminum and 190-200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 70-80 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine serving as a catalyst, and evaporating a solvent after the concentration of the iodine is 1-2mg/ml and 0.5-5h to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 190-200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 70-80 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, evaporating a solvent after the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 4.5-5.5 mg/ml and 7-9 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
S3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding a silicon dioxide aqueous solution into the mixture according to the molar ratio of metal alkoxide to silicon dioxide of 1 (0.5-1), stirring the mixture at a rotating speed of 300-400r/min, continuously stirring the mixture for 15-30min after the dropwise adding, drying the mixture at 100-120 ℃ for 6-8h, finally calcining the mixture at 600-800 ℃ for 1-2h, and grinding the mixture through a sieve of 800-1000 meshes to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent.
The molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 1: (1-2);
the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in the step S3 is 2-3wt%.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the hot bending rock plate integrated basin, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1200-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 60-120min;
The glaze material in the step (2) is any one of protective glaze, glaze polishing, dry grain polishing and archaizing dry grain.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: the first stage, kiln feeding to 650-700 ℃ and heating rate of 10-15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, heating to 800-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, the temperature is raised to 1180-1210 ℃ at 2-3 ℃ per min, and the heat preservation is carried out for 200-300min; and fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 3-6deg.C/min.
Albite water abrasive: the ceramic material mainly comprises albite, has higher hardness and good wear resistance, and has the main functions of providing ceramic molding materials in the ceramic hot bending process, and simultaneously being beneficial to uniform heating of the ceramic in the heat treatment process and promoting deformation.
Potassium sodium feldspar material: feldspar containing potassium and sodium, commonly found in rock, like albite water abrasives, acts to provide material and heat uniformity in ceramic hot bending processes.
High-quality kaolin (kaolinite): the main component is aluminum silicate, has adsorptivity, high-temperature stability and corrosion resistance, is commonly used as a binder or a reinforcing agent in the ceramic process, and is beneficial to improving the plasticity and strength of the ceramic. In the hot bending process, the ceramic can be improved in high-temperature resistance.
Gao Jiangtu: the ceramic material has higher compressive strength and hardness, can be used as a filling material or a reinforcing material of ceramic, and is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the ceramic.
Silica (quartz): silicate minerals, which can improve the fire resistance and wear resistance of ceramics.
Talc: the main component is magnesium silicate, which is commonly used as a filling material or a plasticizer of ceramics, and is helpful for improving the plasticity and the lubricity of the ceramics.
Serpentine: similar to talc, it is commonly used as a filler or plasticizer in ceramic processes to improve the plasticity of the ceramic and to increase the decorative properties of the ceramic.
Pyroxene: typically found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, have natural textures and colors that can increase the aesthetics of the ceramic.
Sillimanite: often found in rock, sometimes in a wire-like structure, is relatively stiff and is often used as a filler or plasticizer to help increase the plasticity and strength of the ceramic.
Pyrophyllite: is helpful to improve the plasticity of the ceramic and the mechanical property of the ceramic.
The invention adopts more reasonable blank raw material collocation, the albite water abrasive, the potassium sodium long stone, the high-quality kaolin, the high-strength soil, the silica, the talcum, the serpentine, the pyroxene, the sillimanite, the pyrophyllite and the hot bending auxiliary agent are mixed, so that the rock plate can be heated uniformly, the mechanical property, the plasticity, the lubricity and the aesthetic property of the rock plate are improved, and the basin body can reach higher depth. In addition, the invention synthesizes a novel hot bending auxiliary agent, which is obtained by preparing gel from aluminum isopropoxide, yttrium isopropoxide, water and silicon dioxide and then calcining. Compared with YAlO 3、Y4Al2O9、Y3Al5O12, the glass has a lower melting point, can be well dispersed in a rock plate, reduces the oxygen content in the rock plate, ensures that the crystal growth is slower in a high-temperature heat preservation stage of hot bending, weakens the crystallization condition, keeps a good glass state of a glaze layer, and obtains stable glossiness.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the whole formula of the invention is heated uniformly, and has mechanical property, plasticity, lubricity and aesthetic property.
2. According to the invention, aluminum isopropoxide, yttrium isopropoxide, water and silicon dioxide are adopted to prepare gel, and then the gel is calcined to obtain the novel hot bending auxiliary agent, compared with YAlO 3、Y4Al2O9、Y3Al5O12, the novel hot bending auxiliary agent has a lower melting point, can be well dispersed in a rock plate, reduces the oxygen content in the rock plate, enables the crystal to grow slowly in a high-temperature heat preservation stage of hot bending, weakens the crystallization condition, keeps a better glass state of a glaze layer, and obtains stable glossiness.
Detailed Description
The main components of the materials used in the examples and comparative examples
| Name of the name | SiO2 | AL2O3 | Fe2O3 | TiO2 | CaO | MgO | k2O | Na2O | L.O.I | Total amount of |
| Albite water abrasive | 73.10 | 15.40 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.82 | 0.04 | 2.50 | 6.80 | 0.89 | 99.69 |
| Potassium-sodium feldspar material | 78.03 | 12.68 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 0.01 | 4.73 | 3.49 | 0.40 | 99.71 |
| High-quality kaolin | 50.00 | 35.00 | 0.64 | 0.05 | 0.29 | 0.14 | 1.57 | 0.49 | 11.74 | 99.92 |
| Gao Jiangtu A | 70.29 | 14.83 | 0.54 | 0.11 | 2.75 | 2.36 | 0.60 | 0.57 | 7.73 | 99.78 |
| Silica (silica) | 57.30 | 0.82 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 36.00 | 1.67 | 0.19 | 0.38 | 2.95 | 99.43 |
| Talc | 64.09 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.09 | 0.57 | 33.84 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.19 | 99.59 |
| Serpentine stone | 52.00 | 3.00 | 0.23 | 0.10 | 1.46 | 35.00 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 8.00 | 99.98 |
| Pyroxene | 53.30 | 2.27 | 0.37 | 0.02 | 19.40 | 16.50 | 0.25 | 0.46 | 7.36 | 99.93 |
| Sillimanite stone | 43.60 | 46.80 | 0.65 | 0.08 | 0.35 | 0.10 | 1.20 | 0.40 | 5.30 | 98.48 |
| Pyrophyllite | 80.00 | 18.00 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.05 | 0.55 | 0.16 | 0.51 | 99.72 |
| Total amount of | 62.77 | 20.96 | 0.33 | 0.04 | 3.25 | 2.46 | 1.99 | 2.48 | 5.45 | 99.73 |
Example 1
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13.5 parts of aluminum and 200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the iodine is 1.6mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 3 hours to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 5.0mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 8 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
S3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding a silicon dioxide aqueous solution into the mixture according to the molar ratio of metal alkoxide to silicon dioxide of 1:0.6, stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, continuously stirring for 20min after the dropwise adding is finished, drying at 110 ℃ for 7h, finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 2h, grinding and sieving with a 1000-mesh sieve to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent.
The molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 1:1, a step of;
the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in step S3 was 2.4wt%.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Example 2
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13.5 parts of aluminum and 200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the iodine is 1.6mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 3 hours to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 5.0mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 8 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
s3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding water into the mixture according to the molar ratio of the metal alkoxide to the water of 1:5, stirring at the rotating speed of 400r/min, continuously stirring for 20min after the dropwise adding is finished, drying at 110 ℃ for 7h, finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 2h, grinding and sieving with a 1000-mesh sieve to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent.
The molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 1:1, a step of;
the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in step S3 was 2.4wt%.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Example 3
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13.5 parts of aluminum and 200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the iodine is 1.6mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 3 hours to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 5.0mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 8 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
S3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding a silicon dioxide aqueous solution into the mixture according to the molar ratio of metal alkoxide to silicon dioxide of 1:0.6, stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, continuously stirring for 20min after the dropwise adding is finished, drying at 110 ℃ for 7h, finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 2h, grinding and sieving with a 1000-mesh sieve to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent.
The molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 5:3, a step of;
the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in step S3 was 2.4wt%.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Example 4
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13.5 parts of aluminum and 200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the iodine is 1.6mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 3 hours to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 5.0mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 8 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
S3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding a silicon dioxide aqueous solution into the mixture according to the molar ratio of metal alkoxide to silicon dioxide of 1:0.6, stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, continuously stirring for 20min after the dropwise adding is finished, drying at 110 ℃ for 7h, finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 2h, grinding and sieving with a 1000-mesh sieve to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent.
The molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 2:1, a step of;
the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in step S3 was 2.4wt%.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Comparative example 1
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The hot bending auxiliary agent is YAlO 3.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Comparative example 2
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The hot bending auxiliary agent is Y 4Al2O9.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Comparative example 3
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potash albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 2.0 parts of talcum, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite, 5.0 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The hot bending auxiliary agent is Y 3Al5O12.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Comparative example 4
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potassium albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13.5 parts of aluminum and 200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the iodine is 1.6mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 3 hours to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 79 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, wherein the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 5.0mg/ml, and evaporating the solvent after 8 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
S3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding a silicon dioxide aqueous solution into the mixture according to the molar ratio of metal alkoxide to silicon dioxide of 1:0.6, stirring at a rotating speed of 400r/min, continuously stirring for 20min after the dropwise adding is finished, drying at 110 ℃ for 7h, finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 2h, grinding and sieving with a 1000-mesh sieve to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent.
The molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 1:1, a step of;
the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in step S3 was 2.4wt%.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Comparative example 5
A rock plate for a hot bending integrated basin comprises a green body layer and a glaze layer.
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25.0 parts of albite water abrasive, 15.0 parts of potassium albite, 35.0 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3.0 parts of high-strength soil, 6.0 parts of silica, 3.0 parts of serpentine, 3.0 parts of pyroxene, 3.0 parts of sillimanite and 0.8 part of hot bending auxiliary agent.
The hot bending auxiliary agent is YAlO 3.
A preparation method of a hot bent rock plate integrated basin comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
The sintering temperature in the step (1) is 1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 80min;
the glaze material in the step (2) is protective glaze.
The hot bending in the step (3) is divided into four stages: in the first stage, kiln feeding is carried out to 680 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is 15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, namely heating to 850 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, heating to 1205 ℃ at the temperature of 3 ℃ per min, and preserving heat for 240min; and a fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 5 ℃/min.
Analysis of results:
The above examples and comparative examples produce the specifications of the rock plate for the hot-bending integral basin: 900 x 1800 x 15mm, each example and comparative example were co-fired with 60 panels for testing with an initial gloss of 34-36 °.
Table 1: hot bending integrated basin glossiness detection result
| Gloss (°) | ||
| Example 1 | No bubbling and no cracking | 28-33 |
| Example 2 | Slight bubbling and no cracking | 18-22 |
| Example 3 | No bubbling and no cracking | 25-28 |
| Example 4 | No bubbling and no cracking | 25-28 |
| Comparative example 1 | Slight bubbling and no cracking | 20-24 |
| Comparative example 2 | Slight bubbling and no cracking | 18-20 |
| Comparative example 3 | Slightly bubbling and cracking | 15-18 |
From the results of the test of examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the integral pot prepared in example 1 of the present invention is excellent in quality, free from bubbling and cracking, and excellent in glaze glossiness. The invention shows that the blank layer raw material formula adopted by the invention can effectively inhibit defects of bubbling, cracking, reduced glossiness and the like of the rock plate in the hot bending process. The main reason is that firstly, the invention adopts more reasonable blank raw material collocation, the albite water abrasive, the potassium sodium long stone, the high-quality kaolin, the high-strength soil, the silica, the talcum, the serpentine, the pyroxene, the sillimanite and the pyrophyllite to be mixed, so that the rock plate can be heated uniformly, and the mechanical property, the plasticity, the lubricity and the aesthetic property of the rock plate are improved.
As is well known, the hot bending ceramic rock plate process is to perform a secondary heating treatment on the ceramic rock plate, and the glass phase in the rock plate blank is softened or partially melted, so that the ceramic rock plate has a certain plasticity and can be plastically deformed under the action of dead weight or external force. Compared with the common curved ceramic rock plate, the ceramic rock plate needs to have higher fluidity in the preparation process of the hot bending integrated basin, so that the basin shape can be formed by self weight or external force. In the process, substances are easier to separate out from the green body, so that the glossiness of the glaze is reduced, the appearance is affected, and the green body is one of the reasons that most of the glaze of the thermally bent ceramic integrated basin is matte glaze. The invention synthesizes a novel hot bending auxiliary agent, which is obtained by preparing gel from aluminum isopropoxide, yttrium isopropoxide, water and silicon dioxide and then calcining. Compared with YAlO 3、Y4Al2O9、Y3Al5O12, the glass has a lower melting point, can be well dispersed in a rock plate, reduces the oxygen content in the rock plate, ensures that the crystal growth is more balanced in a hot bending high-temperature heat preservation stage, does not have the conditions of local overquick crystallization, crystallization and the like, maintains a good glass state of a glaze layer, and obtains stable glossiness.
Table 2: hot bending integrated basin depth
| Basin depth/cm | |
| Example 1 | 15 |
| Comparative example 4 | 13 |
| Comparative example 5 | 12 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the thermally curved integral pot prepared in example 1 of the present invention can reach a depth of 15cm, whereas in comparative example 4, the rock plate blank body is not added with talc and pyrophyllite, the depth can reach only 13cm, and in comparative example 5, the thermally curved auxiliary agent is replaced by YAlO 3 on the basis of comparative example 4, the depth can reach only 12cm, and further deepening can lead to the pot body to be broken. Because the hot bending integrated basin has higher requirement on the fluidity of the ceramic rock plate at high temperature, the higher fluidity means lower viscosity, and the basin is formed by self-gravity hot bending under the higher fluidity, the basin is difficult to reach deeper depth, and after the basin reaches a certain depth, the blank is extremely easy to break. According to the invention, feldspar water abrasive materials, potassium sodium long stone materials, high-quality kaolin, high-strength soil, silica, talcum, serpentine, pyroxene, sillimanite and pyrophyllite are matched according to a specific proportion, so that a ceramic rock plate blank with fluidity and viscosity at high temperature is obtained, the process requirements of a hot bending integral basin can be well met, and in addition, the hot bending auxiliary agent adopted by the invention can inhibit the breakage of the basin body to a certain extent. The invention considers that the addition of the hot bending auxiliary agent, the talcum and the pyrophyllite can improve the compatibility of the raw materials at high temperature, increase the interaction force among the components, ensure that the raw materials still keep good viscosity in a flowing state, and further strengthen the depth of the basin body.
Claims (7)
1. The rock plate for the hot bending integrated basin is characterized by comprising a blank layer and a glaze layer;
The blank layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of albite water abrasive, 15-20 parts of potash albite, 30-35 parts of high-quality kaolin, 3-5 parts of high-strength soil, 3-6 parts of silica, 1-3 parts of talcum, 3-5 parts of serpentine, 3-5 parts of pyroxene, 3-5 parts of sillimanite, 3-5 parts of pyrophyllite and 0.5-1 part of hot bending auxiliary agent;
The preparation method of the hot bending auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13-14 parts of aluminum and 190-200 parts of isopropanol according to parts by weight, heating at 70-80 ℃ in a reflux way, adding iodine serving as a catalyst, and evaporating a solvent after the concentration of the iodine is 1-2mg/ml and 0.5-5h to obtain aluminum isopropoxide;
S2, mixing 9 parts of yttrium metal and 190-200 parts of isopropanol by mass, heating at 70-80 ℃ in a reflux way, adding aluminum chloride as a catalyst, evaporating a solvent after the concentration of the aluminum chloride is 4.5-5.5 mg/ml and 7-9 hours to obtain yttrium isopropoxide;
s3, mixing aluminum isopropoxide and yttrium isopropoxide at room temperature to obtain metal alkoxide; dropwise adding a silicon dioxide aqueous solution into the mixture according to the molar ratio of metal alkoxide to silicon dioxide of 1 (0.5-1), stirring the mixture at a rotating speed of 300-400r/min, continuously stirring the mixture for 15-30min after the dropwise adding, drying the mixture at 100-120 ℃ for 6-8h, finally calcining the mixture at 600-800 ℃ for 1-2h, and grinding the mixture through a sieve of 800-1000 meshes to obtain the hot bending auxiliary agent;
the molar ratio of aluminum isopropoxide to yttrium isopropoxide in the metal alkoxide in the step S3 is 1: (1-2).
2. The rock plate for a hot-bending integral pot of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the aqueous silica solution in the step S3 is 2 to 3wt%.
3. A thermally curved integral basin prepared from the thermally curved integral basin according to any one of claims 1-2.
4. A method of making a thermally curved rock plate integral basin as claimed in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking the raw materials of the green body layer to prepare the green body layer, and sintering to obtain a green body;
(2) Applying glaze to the surface of the blank body in the step (1) to obtain a hot bent rock plate;
(3) And (3) performing hot bending treatment on the hot bent rock plate in the step (2) to obtain the hot bent rock plate integrated basin.
5. The method for preparing a thermally curved plate integrated basin according to claim 4, wherein the firing temperature in the step (1) is 1200-1300 ℃ and the firing time is 60-120min.
6. The method for preparing the integral basin of the hot-bent rock plate, as claimed in claim 4, wherein the glaze in the step (2) is any one of protective glaze, glaze polishing, dry grain polishing and archaizing dry grain.
7. The method for preparing the integrated basin for hot bending rock plates according to claim 4, wherein the hot bending treatment in the step (3) is divided into four stages: the first stage, kiln feeding to 650-700 ℃ and heating rate of 10-15 ℃ per minute; a second stage, heating to 800-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃ per minute; in the third stage, the temperature is raised to 1180-1210 ℃ at 2-3 ℃ per min, and the heat preservation is carried out for 200-300min; and fourth stage, cooling to room temperature at 3-6deg.C/min.
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| CN114702297A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-05 | 广东东唯新材料有限公司 | One-time firing process of curved ceramic rock plate |
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| CN114702297A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-05 | 广东东唯新材料有限公司 | One-time firing process of curved ceramic rock plate |
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