CN117845082A - Production process of high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact wire - Google Patents
Production process of high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN117845082A CN117845082A CN202410041656.1A CN202410041656A CN117845082A CN 117845082 A CN117845082 A CN 117845082A CN 202410041656 A CN202410041656 A CN 202410041656A CN 117845082 A CN117845082 A CN 117845082A
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/06—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a production process of a high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact wire. The production process based on the high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact line comprises the following steps of S1, selecting pure copper and other metals according to the type of copper alloy to be produced, cleaning raw materials to remove pollutants and oxides on the surface, S2, adding the pure copper and the other metals into a high-temperature melting furnace for smelting, S3, pouring smelted copper alloy liquid into a specific mold for molding, controlling the cooling speed, and avoiding uneven internal stress and structure of the alloy. The problems of uneven alloy components in the smelting and casting processes are solved by adjusting the proportion among the alloys and performing efficient stirring, temperature control, multiple casting, deslagging and degassing processes in a gas stirring mode, preheating treatment is performed before finish rolling, and rolling parameters are checked and adjusted for the accuracy of the product, so that the fracture problem in the rolling process is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of contact line production, in particular to a production process of a high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact line.
Background
The high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire is a conductive material for electrical contact, and has excellent wear resistance and conductivity. It is typically made of copper alloys to which other alloying elements are added to improve hardness and wear resistance. The high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire is mainly characterized by comprising the following components: the alloy contact line has excellent wear resistance, can bear higher friction and abrasion in the contact process, is difficult to generate excessive abrasive particles, thereby prolonging the service life, and the high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact line has good conductivity, can provide low-resistance and stable electrical connection, and ensures efficient current transmission and signal transmission. The copper alloy contact wire has good oxidation resistance, can resist oxidation, corrosion and formation of a surface oxide layer, and keeps good conductivity. The high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire is widely applied to various electrical equipment and electrical products, such as a circuit breaker, a contactor, a relay, a switch, a socket and the like. The high wear resistance and conductivity of the alloy can ensure reliable electrical connection, reduce contact resistance and energy loss, and improve the service life and working efficiency of the equipment, but the alloy components can be uneven if the alloy components are not fully mixed in the smelting and casting processes. And during rolling, the alloy may not be as continuous as pure copper and breakage may occur.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a production process of a high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact wire, which solves the problems that the alloy components are not uniform due to insufficient mixing, and the alloy is not continuous as pure copper in the rolling process and is likely to break.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire, comprising:
s1, selecting pure copper and other metals according to the type of copper alloy to be produced, and cleaning raw materials to remove pollutants and oxides on the surface;
s2, adding pure copper and other metals into a high-temperature melting furnace for smelting;
s3, pouring the smelted copper alloy liquid into a specific die for molding, and controlling the cooling speed to avoid uneven internal stress and structure of the alloy;
s4, performing preliminary hot rolling to reduce the size of the ingot after preliminary heat treatment, and performing finish rolling;
s5, performing heat treatment, such as solution treatment, aging treatment or annealing, so as to optimize the mechanical property and microstructure of the material;
s6, carrying out necessary surface treatment;
s7, detecting hardness, conductivity, chemical components and microstructure quality, and ensuring that the product reaches a specified standard.
Preferably, the other metals in S1 are tin 4% -12%, zinc 5% -10%, lead 1% -3%, aluminum 6% -11%, manganese 1% -4% and nickel 10% -30%.
Preferably, the smelting temperature and the smelting time in the step S2 are controlled to be 900-950 ℃ and 1-3 hours respectively.
Preferably, the specific steps of smelting in S2 are:
a. preheating the raw materials to ensure that all added alloy elements and raw materials are properly preheated before being added into the melting furnace, wherein the preheating temperature is 200-500 ℃, so that direct contact between cold materials and molten metal is reduced, and local cooling and component layering are avoided;
ensuring the full mixing of alloy elements, promoting the uniform distribution of the alloy elements, reducing component precipitation or layering caused by gravity, maintaining a stable smelting temperature of 50-150 ℃ above a basic melting point, ensuring that all the alloy elements are completely melted and uniformly mixed, controlling the casting speed, ensuring that the metal cooling rate is moderate, and the rapid cooling can lead to component segregation, and the too slow cooling can lead to oversized grains, thereby ensuring uniform alloy component distribution and microstructure;
c. the proper deslagging and degassing process is used before casting, including gas doping or vacuum treatment is used for removing impurities and gas, so that the gas and impurities in the melt are reduced, and local component non-uniformity is avoided.
d. The alloy is annealed or dissolved to eliminate component segregation, and the temperature is maintained within 600-900 ℃ for 1-4 hours.
Preferably, the specific steps of finish rolling in S4 are as follows:
e. thoroughly checking the raw materials entering the rolling line to ensure that no obvious cracks, bubbles or other defects exist;
f. the cold working for many times shows obvious hardening, the annealing treatment is used for recovering the plasticity, the annealing temperature and time are between 500 ℃ and 800 ℃ and the time is between 1 and 4 hours.
g. Adjusting the rolling speed, rolling pressure and rolling temperature to reduce the possibility of stress and fracture;
h. the use of lubricants ensures adequate lubrication during rolling to reduce friction and heat generation;
i. the material is preheated, typically at a temperature of 200-500 c, depending on the kind of material.
Preferably, the rolling speed in the step g is 10m/min-30m/min, the rolling pressure is 15 tons-200 tons, and the rolling temperature is 1100 ℃ to 1100 ℃.
Preferably, the surface treatment in S6, such as polishing, plating or coating, is used for hardness, conductivity, chemical composition, microstructure quality inspection, ensuring that the product meets the specified standards for improved wear resistance, conductivity and corrosion resistance.
Preferably, the hardness is measured by ASTM E18, the conductivity is measured by ASTM B193, and the micropipe tissue mass measuring method is measured by ASTM E3.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a production process of a high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact wire. The beneficial effects are as follows:
the problems of uneven alloy components in the smelting and casting processes are solved by adjusting the proportion among the alloys and performing efficient stirring, temperature control, multiple casting, deslagging and degassing processes in a gas stirring mode, preheating treatment is performed before finish rolling, and rolling parameters are checked and adjusted for the accuracy of the product, so that the fracture problem in the rolling process is avoided.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment of the invention provides a production process of a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire, which comprises the following steps of,
s1, selecting pure copper and other metals according to the type of copper alloy to be produced, cleaning raw materials to remove pollutants and oxides on the surface, wherein the other metals are tin 4%, zinc 5%, lead 1%, aluminum 6%, manganese 1% and nickel 10%, the tin enhances the strength and hardness of the copper without reducing the conductivity of the copper, meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is improved, the zinc enhances the strength of the copper, the cost is reduced, the lead is used for improving the workability of the copper alloy, the aluminum not only enhances the strength of the copper, but also imparts excellent corrosion resistance, the manganese enhances the strength and hardness of the copper, the corrosion resistance can be improved, and the nickel produces nickel-copper alloys such as simple le alloy, and the strength, the hardness and the corrosion resistance are enhanced.
S2, adding pure copper and other metals into a high-temperature melting furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature and the melting time to be 900-950 ℃ and 1-3 hours respectively, wherein the specific steps of melting are as follows: a. preheating the raw materials to ensure that all added alloying elements and raw materials are properly preheated prior to addition to the furnace, the preheating temperature being 200 ℃ to 500 ℃, reducing direct contact of the cold materials with the molten metal, avoiding localized cooling and component stratification, b. Maintaining melt activity using gas stirring, ensuring adequate mixing of the alloying elements, promoting uniform distribution of the alloying elements, reducing precipitation or stratification of the components due to gravity, maintaining a stable melting temperature in excess of 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ of the base melting point, ensuring complete melting and uniform mixing of all alloying elements, controlling the casting speed, ensuring moderate cooling rate of the metal, rapid cooling may lead to component segregation, while too slow cooling may lead to excessive grain size, ensuring uniform distribution and microstructure of the alloying components, C. Using appropriate deslagging and degassing processes, including gas incorporation or vacuum treatment, to remove impurities and gases in the melt, avoiding localized non-uniformity of components, d. Annealing or dissolution treatment of the alloy to eliminate components, maintaining the temperature in the range 600 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 1 to 4 hours.
S3, pouring the melted copper alloy liquid into a specific die for molding, and controlling the cooling speed to avoid uneven internal stress and structure of the alloy, wherein the cooling speed is 10 ℃ per second.
S4, performing preliminary hot rolling to reduce the size of the cast ingot after preliminary heat treatment, and performing finish rolling.
S5, performing heat treatment, such as solution treatment, aging treatment or annealing, to optimize the mechanical properties and microstructure of the material, wherein the specific steps of finish rolling in S4 are as follows: e. thorough inspection of the raw material entering the mill pass line, ensuring that there are no obvious cracks, bubbles or other defects, f. Showing a significant hardening after several cold working, annealing to recover its plasticity, annealing temperature and time between 500-800 ℃ for 1-4 hours, g. Adjusting rolling speed, rolling pressure and rolling temperature to reduce the possibility of stress and breakage, h. Using lubricants to ensure adequate lubrication during rolling to reduce friction and heat generation, i. Preheating the material, said preheating temperature typically being between 200-500 ℃, depending on the kind of material, said rolling speed being between 10m/min-30m/min, rolling pressure between 15-200 tons, rolling temperature between 1100 ℃ to ℃.
S6, carrying out necessary surface treatment, such as polishing, plating or coating, and carrying out hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality detection to ensure that the product reaches the specified standard so as to improve the wear resistance, conductivity and corrosion resistance.
S7, testing hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality, wherein the hardness is ASTM E18, the conductivity is tested by ASTM B193, and the microtube tissue quality is tested by ASTM E3.
Embodiment two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a production process of a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire, which comprises the following steps of,
s1, selecting pure copper and other metals according to the type of copper alloy to be produced, cleaning raw materials to remove pollutants and oxides on the surface, wherein the other metals are 12% of tin, 10% of zinc, 3% of lead, 11% of aluminum, 4% of manganese and 30% of nickel, the tin enhances the strength and the hardness of copper without reducing the conductivity of the copper, meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is improved, the zinc enhances the strength of the copper and reduces the cost, the lead improves the workability of the copper alloy, the aluminum enhances the strength of the copper, and also imparts excellent corrosion resistance, the manganese enhances the strength and the hardness of the copper, and the corrosion resistance can be improved, and the nickel produces nickel-copper alloys such as simple le alloy, and enhances the strength, the hardness and the corrosion resistance.
S2, adding pure copper and other metals into a high-temperature melting furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature and the melting time to be 900-950 ℃ and 1-3 hours respectively, wherein the specific steps of melting are as follows: a. preheating raw materials to ensure proper preheating of all added alloying elements and raw materials before addition to the furnace, the preheating temperature being 200 ℃ to 500 ℃, reducing direct contact of cold materials with molten metal, avoiding localized cooling and component stratification, b. Maintaining melt activity using gas stirring, ensuring adequate mixing of alloying elements, promoting uniform distribution of alloying elements, reducing precipitation or stratification of components due to gravity, maintaining a stable melting temperature of 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ above the base melting point, ensuring complete melting and uniform mixing of all alloying elements, controlling the casting speed, ensuring moderate metal cooling rate, rapid cooling may lead to component segregation, while too slow cooling may lead to excessive grain size, ensuring uniform distribution and microstructure of alloying components, c. Using appropriate deslagging and degassing processes including gas incorporation or vacuum treatment to remove impurities and gases, reducing gas and impurities in the melt, avoiding localized non-uniformity of components, d. Annealing or dissolving the alloy to eliminate components, maintaining the temperature in the range of 600 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 1 to 4 hours.
S3, pouring the melted copper alloy liquid into a specific die for molding, and controlling the cooling speed to avoid uneven internal stress and structure of the alloy, wherein the cooling speed is 10 ℃ per second.
S4, performing preliminary hot rolling to reduce the size of the cast ingot after preliminary heat treatment, and performing finish rolling.
S5, performing heat treatment, such as solution treatment, aging treatment or annealing, to optimize the mechanical properties and microstructure of the material, wherein the specific steps of finish rolling in S4 are as follows: e. thorough inspection of the raw material entering the mill pass line, ensuring that there are no obvious cracks, bubbles or other defects, f. Showing a significant hardening after several cold working, annealing to recover its plasticity, annealing temperature and time between 500-800 ℃ for 1-4 hours, g. Adjusting rolling speed, rolling pressure and rolling temperature to reduce the possibility of stress and breakage, h. Using lubricants to ensure adequate lubrication during rolling to reduce friction and heat generation, i. Preheating the material, said preheating temperature typically being between 200-500 ℃, depending on the kind of material, said rolling speed being between 10m/min-30m/min, rolling pressure between 15-200 tons, rolling temperature between 1100 ℃ to ℃.
S6, carrying out necessary surface treatment, such as polishing, plating or coating, and carrying out hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality detection to ensure that the product reaches the specified standard so as to improve the wear resistance, conductivity and corrosion resistance.
S7, testing hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality, wherein the hardness is ASTM E18, the conductivity is tested by ASTM B193, and the microtube tissue quality is tested by ASTM E3.
Embodiment III:
the embodiment of the invention provides a production process of a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire, which comprises the following steps of,
s1, selecting pure copper and other metals according to the type of copper alloy to be produced, cleaning raw materials to remove pollutants and oxides on the surface, wherein the other metals are tin 8%, zinc 7%, lead 1% -3%, aluminum 8%, manganese 3% and nickel 20%, the tin enhances the strength and hardness of the copper without reducing the conductivity of the copper, meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is improved, the zinc enhances the strength of the copper, the cost is reduced, the lead improves the workability of the copper alloy, the aluminum enhances the strength of the copper, the aluminum also imparts excellent corrosion resistance, the manganese enhances the strength and hardness of the copper, the corrosion resistance can be improved, and the nickel produces nickel-copper alloys such as simple le alloy, the strength, the hardness and the corrosion resistance are enhanced.
S2, adding pure copper and other metals into a high-temperature melting furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature and the melting time to be 900-950 ℃ and 1-3 hours respectively, wherein the specific steps of melting are as follows: a. preheating raw materials to ensure proper preheating of all added alloying elements and raw materials before addition to the furnace, the preheating temperature being 200 ℃ to 500 ℃, reducing direct contact of cold materials with molten metal, avoiding localized cooling and component stratification, b. Maintaining melt activity using gas stirring, ensuring adequate mixing of alloying elements, promoting uniform distribution of alloying elements, reducing precipitation or stratification of components due to gravity, maintaining a stable melting temperature of 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ above the base melting point, ensuring complete melting and uniform mixing of all alloying elements, controlling the casting speed, ensuring moderate metal cooling rate, rapid cooling may lead to component segregation, while too slow cooling may lead to excessive grain size, ensuring uniform distribution and microstructure of alloying components, c. Using appropriate deslagging and degassing processes including gas incorporation or vacuum treatment to remove impurities and gases, reducing gas and impurities in the melt, avoiding localized non-uniformity of components, d. Annealing or dissolving the alloy to eliminate components, maintaining the temperature in the range of 600 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 1 to 4 hours.
S3, pouring the melted copper alloy liquid into a specific die for molding, and controlling the cooling speed to avoid uneven internal stress and structure of the alloy, wherein the cooling speed is 10 ℃ per second.
S4, performing preliminary hot rolling to reduce the size of the cast ingot after preliminary heat treatment, and performing finish rolling.
S5, performing heat treatment, such as solution treatment, aging treatment or annealing, to optimize the mechanical properties and microstructure of the material, wherein the specific steps of finish rolling in S4 are as follows: e. thorough inspection of the raw material entering the mill pass line, ensuring that there are no obvious cracks, bubbles or other defects, f. Showing a significant hardening after several cold working, annealing to recover its plasticity, annealing temperature and time between 500-800 ℃ for 1-4 hours, g. Adjusting rolling speed, rolling pressure and rolling temperature to reduce the possibility of stress and breakage, h. Using lubricants to ensure adequate lubrication during rolling to reduce friction and heat generation, i. Preheating the material, said preheating temperature typically being between 200-500 ℃, depending on the kind of material, said rolling speed being between 10m/min-30m/min, rolling pressure between 15-200 tons, rolling temperature between 1100 ℃ to ℃.
S6, carrying out necessary surface treatment, such as polishing, plating or coating, and carrying out hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality detection to ensure that the product reaches the specified standard so as to improve the wear resistance, conductivity and corrosion resistance.
S7, testing hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality, wherein the hardness is ASTM E18, the conductivity is tested by ASTM B193, and the microtube tissue quality is tested by ASTM E3.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The production process of the high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, selecting pure copper and other metals according to the type of copper alloy to be produced, and cleaning raw materials to remove pollutants and oxides on the surface;
s2, adding pure copper and other metals into a high-temperature melting furnace for smelting;
s3, pouring the smelted copper alloy liquid into a specific die for molding, and controlling the cooling speed to avoid uneven internal stress and structure of the alloy;
s4, performing preliminary hot rolling to reduce the size of the ingot after preliminary heat treatment, and performing finish rolling;
s5, performing heat treatment, such as solution treatment, aging treatment or annealing, so as to optimize the mechanical property and microstructure of the material;
s6, carrying out necessary surface treatment;
s7, detecting hardness, conductivity, chemical components and microstructure quality, and ensuring that the product reaches a specified standard.
2. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, wherein: the other metals in S1 are 4-12% of tin, 5-10% of zinc, 1-3% of lead, 6-11% of aluminum, 1-4% of manganese and 10-30% of nickel.
3. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, wherein: and S2, controlling the smelting temperature and the smelting time to be 900-950 ℃ and 1-3 hours respectively.
4. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, wherein:
the specific steps of smelting in S2 are as follows:
a. preheating the raw materials to ensure that all added alloying elements and raw materials are properly preheated prior to addition to the furnace, the preheating temperature being 200 ℃ to 500 ℃;
b. the gas stirring is used for keeping the melt to move, so that the alloy elements are fully mixed;
c. removing impurities and gases prior to casting using suitable deslagging and degassing processes, including gas incorporation or vacuum treatment;
d. the alloy is annealed or dissolved to eliminate component segregation, and the temperature is maintained within 600-900 ℃ for 1-4 hours.
5. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, wherein: the specific steps of finish rolling in S4 are as follows:
e. thoroughly checking the raw materials entering the rolling line to ensure that no obvious cracks, bubbles or other defects exist;
f. the cold working for many times shows obvious hardening, the annealing treatment is used for recovering the plasticity, the annealing temperature and time are 500-800 ℃ and the time is 1-4 hours;
g. adjusting the rolling speed, rolling pressure and rolling temperature to reduce the possibility of stress and fracture;
h. the use of lubricants ensures adequate lubrication during rolling to reduce friction and heat generation;
i. the material is preheated, typically at a temperature of 200-500 c, depending on the kind of material.
6. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 5, wherein: the rolling speed in the step g is 10m/min-30m/min, the rolling pressure is 15 tons-200 tons, and the rolling temperature is 1100 ℃ to 1100 ℃.
7. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, wherein: and S6, performing surface treatment such as polishing, plating or coating, and detecting hardness, conductivity, chemical composition and microstructure quality to ensure that the product reaches the specified standard.
8. The process for producing a high wear-resistant copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, wherein: the hardness is measured by ASTM E18, the conductivity is measured by ASTM B193, and the microtube tissue mass measuring method is measured by ASTM E3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410041656.1A CN117845082A (en) | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-11 | Production process of high-wear-resistance copper alloy contact wire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN119194315A (en) * | 2024-11-26 | 2024-12-27 | 江西铜业集团铜板带有限公司 | A method for eliminating edge cracks of ultra-thin copper strip |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN119194315A (en) * | 2024-11-26 | 2024-12-27 | 江西铜业集团铜板带有限公司 | A method for eliminating edge cracks of ultra-thin copper strip |
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