CN101643867A - High performance copper casting alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance casting copper alloy. The chemical composition of the copper alloy is as follows: 8.5-10.5% of aluminum, 1.0-3.0% of nickel, 3.0-5.0% of iron, 1.0-3.0% of manganese, and cerium 0.1-0.15%, the rest is copper. The preparation method is as follows: preheat the crucible; add electrolytic copper, manganese, electrolytic nickel, charcoal, and other electrolytic copper that need to add 10% of the copper amount crushed into small pieces according to the order of charging; raise the temperature to 1200-1250 ° C; add Iron sheet, aluminum, cooling copper, rare earth cerium; heating up to 1200-1250°C, adding refining agent; adding phosphor-bronze master alloy for deoxidation; pouring out of the furnace, air-cooled casting. The invention has high strength and good toughness, and is used for manufacturing high-load mechanical transmission parts such as screw nuts, worm gears, bearings, etc., can prolong the service life of the mechanical transmission parts, reduce the maintenance workload of equipment, and thus greatly reduce the use cost.

Description

High-performance casting copper alloy and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a non-ferrous metal alloy, in particular to a cast copper alloy with better comprehensive mechanical properties, belonging to the technical field of metal materials.

Background technique

Existing main materials for manufacturing screw nuts, worm gears, wear-resistant sliders, gears, bushings, and bearings are cast brass, tin bronze, and aluminum bronze, but the above materials have poor comprehensive mechanical properties. For example, some grades of cast copper alloys have higher strength and hardness, but lower ductility; or other grades of cast copper alloys have higher ductility and lower strength and hardness. It is difficult to meet the requirements of the service life of cast copper alloys under the harsh working conditions of modern industry.

In recent years, a lot of research has been done on high-performance casting wear-resistant copper alloys at home and abroad. There are Cu-Co-Be HZ alloys developed in Japan, Cu-Fe-P-Sn KT-1 alloys, Cu-Cr- Zr series DMC alloy, etc. Domestically, there are KK alloys, high-strength wear-resistant bronzes of Hl (Al-Fe-Mn-Pb series), a new type of copper-based alloy mold material for stretch forming of stainless steel and 08F low-carbon steel products, etc. The chemical composition (percentage by weight) of the KK alloy is aluminum 9-10.5%, nickel 1.0-2.5%, iron 3.0-5.0%, manganese 1.0-2.5%, and the rest is copper. Its mechanical properties are: tensile strength 633MPa, elongation The rate is 18%, the hardness is 169HB, and the impact toughness is 43J/cm ² . KK alloy has significantly improved the comprehensive mechanical properties of cast wear-resistant copper alloys, but its plasticity indicators such as elongation and impact toughness have not yet reached a relatively high level, which affects the service life of high-performance cast copper alloys.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance cast copper alloy, which has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A high-performance cast copper alloy, the chemical composition of which is as follows: 8.5-10.5% aluminum, 1.0-3.0% nickel, 3.0-5.0% iron, 1.0-3.0% manganese, 0.1-0.15% cerium, and the rest copper.

A preparation method of a high-performance cast copper alloy. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) The crucible is preheated to cherry red in an intermediate frequency induction melting furnace;

2) Add electrolytic copper, manganese, electrolytic nickel, charcoal, and electrolytic copper crushed into small pieces according to the order of charging; the charcoal needs to be dry-distilled at a high temperature to above 800°C and kept for 2-4 hours. to remove moisture and organic matter;

3) Accelerate the heating and melting, and raise the temperature to 1200-1250°C, the faster the melting speed, the better;

4) Add iron flakes and stir evenly;

5) Add aluminum and add cooling copper;

6) Add the rare earth cerium added by the copper rare earth master alloy, and the bell jar needs to be pressed in;

7) Stand still for 5-10 minutes, check before the furnace, the fracture should be thin and uniform, and the cold bending angle should be more than 90°;

8) Raise the temperature to 1200-1250°C and add refining agent. Add phosphor copper master alloy to deoxidize according to 0.10% weight of charge;

9) Temperature measurement, slag removal, pouring, and air-cooled castings.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The high-performance cast copper alloy produced by the composition ratio and preparation method of the present invention has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, such as tensile strength ≥ 700MPa, elongation ≥ 25%, hardness ≥ 140HB, and impact toughness ≥ 50J/cm ² . Compared with the existing similar material KK alloy, its tensile strength is increased by more than 10.6%, the elongation is increased by more than 38.9%, and the impact toughness is increased by more than 11.6%. It has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. Applying the present invention to manufacture high-load mechanical transmission parts such as screw nuts, worm gears, wear-resistant sliders, gears, bushings, bearings, etc., can significantly prolong the service life of the above-mentioned mechanical transmission parts and reduce mechanical transmission parts due to comprehensive mechanics. The damage caused by unsatisfactory performance during high-load work reduces the maintenance workload of the equipment, thereby greatly reducing the cost of use.

The invention, with advantages and characteristics, will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments, given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Prepare the high-performance cast copper alloy of the present invention according to the following material proportions and steps: aluminum 8.5-10.5%, nickel 1.0-3.0%, iron 3.0-5.0%, manganese 1.0-3.0%, cerium 0.1-0.15% in the material proportion , and the remainder is copper.

As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of high-performance casting copper alloy of the present invention is as follows:

1) The crucible is preheated to cherry red in an intermediate frequency induction melting furnace;

2) Add small pieces of electrolytic copper (accounting for about 10% of the total copper content to be added), metal manganese, electrolytic nickel, charcoal, and electrolytic copper in the order of charging; the charcoal needs to be dry-distilled at a high temperature to above 800°C and kept for 2 - 4 hours to remove moisture and organic matter;

3) Accelerate the heating and melting, and raise the temperature to 1200-1250°C, the faster the melting speed, the better;

4) Add iron flakes and stir evenly;

5) Add aluminum and add cooling copper;

6) Add rare earth cerium, rare earth cerium is added as copper rare earth master alloy, and the bell jar needs to be pressed in;

7) Stand still for 5-10 minutes, check before the furnace, the fracture should be thin and uniform, and the cold bending angle should be more than 90°;

8) Raise the temperature to 1200-1250°C and add refining agent. Add phosphor copper master alloy to deoxidize according to 0.10% weight of charge;

9) Temperature measurement, slag removal, pouring, and air-cooled castings.

The composition ratio and comprehensive mechanical properties of the cast copper alloys of the three examples are compared in Table 1.

Table 1

The rare earth cerium contained in the present invention can play the role of deoxidation and desulfurization in the smelting process, and generate some high melting point compounds (such as PbCe, BiCel) with some harmful impurities Pb, Bi, etc., to remove harmful impurities and purify the alloy. The role of matrix and grain boundaries. At the same time, the addition of rare earth cerium can effectively refine the microstructure of the alloy, and refining the grain is the only means to improve the strength and plasticity of the material at the same time, so that the comprehensive mechanical properties of the cast copper alloy are greatly improved, so that it can be widely used Applications.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention can also have other implementations, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A high-performance cast copper alloy, characterized in that, by weight percentage, the chemical composition of the copper alloy is: aluminum 8.5-10.5%, nickel 1.0-3.0%, iron 3.0-5.0%, manganese 1.0-3.0% , Ce 0.1-0.15%, the rest is copper. 2. The preparation method of the high-performance cast copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) The crucible is preheated to cherry red in an intermediate frequency induction melting furnace; 2) According to the order of loading, add electrolytic copper, manganese, electrolytic nickel, charcoal, and other electrolytic copper that need to be added into small pieces in order of 10% of the copper amount; among them, the charcoal needs to be retorted at a high temperature to above 800°C and kept for 2-4 hours. hours to remove moisture and organic matter; 3) Accelerate the heating and melting, and raise the temperature to 1200-1250°C, the faster the melting speed, the better; 4) Add iron flakes and stir evenly; 5) Add aluminum and add cooling copper; 6) Add the rare earth cerium added by the copper rare earth master alloy, and the bell jar needs to be pressed in; 7) Stand still for 5-10 minutes, check before the furnace, the fracture should be thin and uniform, and the cold bending angle should be more than 90°; 8) Raise the temperature to 1200-1250°C and add refining agent. Add phosphor copper master alloy to deoxidize according to 0.10% weight of charge; 9) Temperature measurement, slag removal, pouring, and air-cooled castings.

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