CN117660083A - 润滑剂组合物、制冷压缩机、制冷机及制冷系统 - Google Patents
润滑剂组合物、制冷压缩机、制冷机及制冷系统 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 neopentyl glycol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical class OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
- C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物、制冷压缩机、制冷机及制冷系统,制冷压缩机采用至少一种碳原子数目为2‑4的烷烃制冷剂,其中的润滑剂组合物包括烷基苯和饱和酯,烷基苯的比例至少50wt%。烷基苯和饱和酯协同作用使润滑剂组合物具有良好的抗高温,能够用于需要苛刻条件的含R290或混合R290制冷剂的制冷系统中。同时拥有良好的低温流动性,即使在制冷系统中常见的操作温度(它通常低于‑10℃)下也维持其润滑和混溶状况不变,具有良好的摩擦学性能,从而避免压缩机故障,并至少在压缩机的有效寿命期间在长的时间段下维持高的可靠度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于涉及在制冷压缩机使用的润滑油/润滑剂,尤其涉及一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,例如制冷系统、家庭、商业或工业应用中使用的全封闭压缩机类型中使用的润滑剂,其中制冷压缩机采用单一HC(烃)类或混合烃类制冷剂操作。本发明还涉及含有所述润滑剂组合物的制冷压缩机、制冷机和制冷系统。
背景技术
在九十年代中期,应用到家庭冰箱或者轻型商用的常规致冷剂是基于氯氟烃(CFC)的化合物。由于证明这些化合物引起对高层大气内的臭氧层的破坏,因此使用这种制冷剂化合物受到限制,且受蒙特利尔条款调整限制。
在家庭或轻型商用应用中使用的CFC最初被氢氟烃(HFC)取代,所述氢氟烃具有臭氧层潜能值(ODP)为零的优势。但是,采用HFC化合物具有显著的全球温室可能性(GWP),由于这一原因,主要在欧洲和亚洲的家用市场上,所述HFC化合物已经被烃(HC)基制冷剂取代。例如:HFC化合物R134a的全球温室可能性(GWP)为1300,而烃(HC)基制冷剂R600a或R290的温室可能性(GWP)分别为0.006和0.02。
在含R290或混合R290制冷剂的制冷系统中,相对于其他烃类制冷剂(例如R600a)压缩机的排气温度更高,对于系统中的润滑油/剂的要求更为苛刻,需要抗高温的润滑油/剂。
发明内容
为克服现有R290或混合R290制冷剂中,需要更为苛刻的润滑剂,本发明提供了一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,用于至少一种C2-C4饱和和非饱和的烃组分组成的致冷剂的制冷压缩机中,例如R290或R290-R600a混合物,本发明的润滑剂组合物中含有烷基苯和饱和酯,烷基苯和饱和酯协同作用使润滑剂组合物具有良好的抗高温和润滑性能,能够用于需要苛刻条件的含R290或混合R290制冷剂的制冷系统中。
同时本发明的润滑剂组合物拥有良好的低温流动性,即使在制冷系统中常见的操作温度(它通常低于-10℃)下也维持其润滑和混溶状况不变,具有良好的摩擦学性能,从而避免压缩机故障,并至少在压缩机的有效寿命期间在长的时间段下维持高的可靠度。
本发明还提供了使用以上提及的烃类制冷剂并含有本发明所述的润滑剂组合物的制冷压缩机、制冷机和制冷系统。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,所述制冷压缩机采用至少一种碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂,所述润滑剂组合物包括烷基苯和饱和酯,其中烷基苯的比例至少50wt%。
进一步地,在保持优良的抗高温性能和润滑性能的前提下,优选所述烷基苯的比例大于70wt%,饱和酯的比例不低于10wt%,具有较高的性价比。
优选地,所述烷基苯为合成十二烷基苯的副产物,经过精馏处理得到在40℃温度下粘度为15-35cSt,平均分子量为315-450g/mol,馏程为300-450℃,其中,优选粘度在17-25cSt。
优选地,所述烷基苯为单烷基苯、二烷基苯、多烷基苯、二苯烷中的任意一种或其混合。
优选地,所述烷基苯含有1-4个烷基基团,每个烷基基团的碳原子数目小于或等于24。
优选地,所述饱和酯为单酯、双酯、三羟甲基酯、新戊二醇酯、季戊四醇酯、双季戊四醇酯、复酯中的一种或多种的混合物。饱和酯的结构中并不含双键,其中优选多元醇酯,具有优良的热稳定性。在选择合成酯过程中,优选酸值低,水分含量<50ppm的多元醇酯。
进一步地,所述饱和酯在40℃温度下粘度为5-390cSt,闪点温度大于140℃,倾点温度低于-15℃。
进一步地,合成饱和酯所采用的酸优选含有碳原子数目1-12的有机酸。
进一步地,所述润滑剂组合物中还包括添加剂。
优选地,所述添加剂选自抗磨剂、极压剂、摩擦改进剂、抗氧剂、酸捕捉剂、金属钝化剂、防锈剂、抗泡剂中的一种或几种的混合物。其中抗磨剂优选磷系抗磨剂,包含芳基磷酸酯、烷芳基磷酸酯;抗氧剂优选酚类抗氧剂和胺类抗氧剂或者两者混合物;金属钝化剂优选液体苯三唑衍生物。
基于相同的发明构思,本发明还提供了用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物的制备方法,包括:在温度30℃-110℃的条件下,将基础流体烷基苯和饱和合成酯混合,加入各种添加剂,搅拌均质后,边搅拌边使用干燥气体进行脱水处理,待水分低于50ppm合格包装。
基于相同的发明构思,本发明还提供了一种制冷压缩机,采用至少碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂操作的制冷压缩机,包括权利要求1-10任意一项所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物。
基于相同的发明构思,本发明还提供了一种制冷机,采用至少碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂操作的制冷机,包括所述的制冷压缩机。
基于相同的发明构思,本发明还提供了一种制冷系统,含有碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂,所述制冷系统含有上述实施方式的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物。
本发明由于采用以上技术方案,使其与现有技术相比具有以下的优点和积极效果:
本发明的润滑剂组合物,含有烷基苯和饱和酯,烷基苯和饱和酯协同作用,使润滑剂组合物具有良好的抗高温性能和润滑性能,能够使用在含R290或混合R290制冷剂的制冷系统中。同时采用了本发明的润滑剂组合物,降低了制冷剂在润滑剂组合物的溶解度,因此能降低烃类制冷剂的充注量。
同时,使用多元醇酯润滑的制冷压缩机,本发明的烷基苯和饱和酯混合的润滑剂组合物,降低了成本,具有良好的经济性能。
本发明采用的烷基苯优选为合成十二烷基苯的副产物,不仅实现了废物利用,为环保处理十二烷基苯副产物提供了一种新的思路,而且将副产物经过精馏处理得到在40℃温度下粘度范围为15-35cSt,平均分子量为315-450g/mol的烷基苯,和饱和酯构成的润滑剂能够承载较高的载荷。因此,本发明为R290或R290&R600a混合系统的制冷压缩机提供多一种润滑解决方案,同时明显降低成本,亦为十二烷基苯生产时所带来的副产物带来更多的解决方案,达到环保目的。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明提出的一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物、制冷压缩机、制冷机及制冷系统作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明,本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。
本发明提供了一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,所述制冷压缩机采用至少一种碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂,所述润滑剂组合物包括烷基苯和饱和酯,其中烷基苯的比例至少50wt%,烷基苯的比例优选大于70wt%,饱和酯的比例不低于10wt%。。
所述烷基苯优选选用合成十二烷基苯的副产物,经过精馏处理得到在40℃温度下粘度为15-35cSt,平均分子量为315-450g/mol,馏程为300-450℃,其中,优选粘度在17-25cSt的烷基苯。
饱和酯优选不含有不饱和键(双键或三键)的单酯、双酯、三羟甲基酯、新戊二醇酯、季戊四醇酯、双季戊四醇酯或复酯中的一种或多种的混合物。
本发明通过将烷基苯和饱和酯混合构成润滑剂组合物,用于采用至少一种碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂的制冷压缩机,例如R290(丙烷)制冷剂或R290和R600a混合制冷剂,烷基苯和饱和酯协同作用,使润滑剂组合物具有良好的抗高温性能。并且具有较高的闪点温度(在规定的条件下,加热试样,当试样达到某温度时,试样的蒸汽和周围空气的混合气,一旦与火焰接触,即发生闪燃现象,叫闪燃,发生闪燃时试样的最低温度,称为闪点温度。闪点温度越高,越不易挥发,越稳定)和较低的倾点温度(倾点温度是指油品在规定的试样条件下,被冷却的试样能够流动的最低温度,凝点温度的物理意义是反映样品低温流动性的好坏的参数之一,倾点越低,油品的低温流动性越好。),同时在一定比例上降低了R290在润滑剂组合物中的溶解度,减小了烃类制冷剂的充注量。
本发明具有良好的低温流动性,即使在制冷系统中常见的操作温度(通常低于-10℃)下也维持其润滑和混溶状况不变,同时本发明还具有良好的抗高温和摩擦学性能,从而避免压缩机故障,并至少在压缩机的有效寿命期间在长的时间段下维持高的可靠度。
润滑剂组合物还包括添加剂,例如抗磨剂、极压剂、摩擦改进剂、抗氧剂、酸捕捉剂、金属钝化剂、防锈剂、抗泡剂中的一种或几种的混合物。其中抗磨剂优选磷系抗磨剂,包含芳基磷酸酯、烷芳基磷酸酯;抗氧剂优选酚类抗氧剂和胺类抗氧剂或者两者混合物;金属钝化剂优选液体苯三唑衍生物。
以下具体的实施例阐述本发明
实施例1
实施例2
实施例3
实施例4
上述实施例1-4中的润滑剂组合物制备:
在温度30℃-110℃下,将基础流体烷基苯和饱和合成酯混合,加入各种添加剂,搅拌均质后,边搅拌边使用干燥气体进行脱水处理,待水分低于50ppm即可。制备样品后,测得每个样品的闪点温度、倾点温度和在40℃下的粘度,结果如下表所示:
粘度@40℃ | 闪点 | 倾点 | |
实施例1 | 23 | 200 | -55℃ |
实施例2 | 22 | 205 | -57℃ |
实施例3 | 21 | 208 | -57℃ |
实施例4 | 21 | 208 | -60℃ |
因此,以上实施例1-4中的润滑剂组合物:
闪点:>190℃
倾点:<-40℃
粘度@40℃:18cSt-30cSt
与R290互溶性(10%):<-50℃
该实施例一定比例降低了R290在润滑油/剂组合物中的溶解度,
对比例1
对比例2
对比例1和对比例2的制备方法与实施例1-4的制备方法相同,在温度150℃条件下烘烤5h,测试润滑剂组合物的抗高温性能,以及在载荷30kg,条件下测试摩擦学性能,结构如下:
从上表中的结构可以得到,实施例1的抗高温性能与对比例2相同,但实施例1的润滑剂组合物相对于对比例2大大降低了成本,实施例1的抗高温性能优于对比例1,说明由于饱和酯的添加提高了以烷基苯为基础的润滑剂组合物的高温性能,产生了协同效应。实施例1的润滑剂组合物的摩擦系数低于对比例1和对比例2,说明饱和酯和烷基苯发生了协同效应,降低了润滑剂组合物的摩擦系数,提高润滑剂组合物的润滑性能。
上面对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式。即使对本发明做出各种变化,倘若这些变化属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则仍落入在本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,所述制冷压缩机采用至少一种碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂,其特征在于,所述润滑剂组合物包括烷基苯和饱和酯,其中烷基苯的比例至少50wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述烷基苯的比例大于70wt%,饱和酯的比例不低于10wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述烷基苯为合成十二烷基苯的副产物,经过精馏处理得到在40℃温度下粘度为15-35cSt,平均分子量为315-450g/mol,馏程为300-450℃。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述烷基苯为单烷基苯、二烷基苯、多烷基苯、二苯烷中的任意一种或其混合。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述烷基苯含有1-4个烷基基团,每个烷基基团的碳原子数目小于或等于24。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述饱和酯为单酯、双酯、三羟甲基酯、新戊二醇酯、季戊四醇酯、双季戊四醇酯、复酯中的一种或多种的混合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述饱和酯在40℃温度下粘度为5-390cSt,闪点温度大于140℃,倾点温度低于-15℃。
8.根据权利要求6所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,合成所述饱和酯所用的酸为含有碳原子数目1-12的有机酸。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述润滑剂组合物中还包括添加剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述添加剂选自抗磨剂、极压剂、摩擦改进剂、抗氧剂、酸捕捉剂、金属钝化剂、防锈剂、抗泡剂中的一种或几种的混合物。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物,其特征在于,所述抗磨剂为磷系抗磨剂,包含芳基磷酸酯、烷芳基磷酸酯,抗氧剂为酚类抗氧剂或胺类抗氧剂或者两者混合物;金属钝化剂为液体苯三唑衍生物。
12.一种如权利要求1-11任意一项所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,在30℃-110℃温度条件下烷基苯和饱和酯混合,加入添加剂,搅拌均质后,边搅拌边使用干燥气体进行脱水处理,待水分低于50ppm合格包装。
13.一种制冷压缩机,其特征在于,采用至少碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂操作的制冷压缩机,包括权利要求1-11任意一项所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物或权利要求12所述的制备方法制备得到的润滑剂组合物。
14.一种制冷机,其特征在于,采用至少碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂操作的制冷机,包括权利要求13所述的制冷压缩机。
15.一种制冷系统,含有碳原子数目为2-4的烷烃制冷剂,其特征在于,所述制冷系统含有权利要求1-11任意一项所述的用于制冷压缩机的润滑剂组合物或权利要求12所述的制备方法制备得到的润滑剂组合物。
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