CN117552183A - Elastic non-woven fabric and manufacturing process and application thereof - Google Patents
Elastic non-woven fabric and manufacturing process and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117552183A CN117552183A CN202311505777.9A CN202311505777A CN117552183A CN 117552183 A CN117552183 A CN 117552183A CN 202311505777 A CN202311505777 A CN 202311505777A CN 117552183 A CN117552183 A CN 117552183A
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 61
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 61
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4358—Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses elastic non-woven fabric, and a manufacturing process and application thereof, and relates to the field of non-woven fabric manufacturing. The elastic nonwoven comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of TPU and 0.1-3 parts of antioxidant; the manufacturing process of the elastic non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: mixing, drying, melt extrusion, filtering, metering, spinning into a net, cooling, stretching and rolling. According to the invention, the components of the elastic non-woven fabric are changed, the production process parameters are optimized and adjusted, and the produced elastic non-woven fabric has the beneficial effects of good elasticity, oxidation resistance, uniformity, tensile strength, durability, air permeability, hygroscopicity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an elastic non-woven fabric and a manufacturing process and application thereof, and belongs to the field of non-woven fabric manufacturing.
Background
An elastic nonwoven is a cloth made from fibers or fiber compositions by a nonwoven process. In contrast to conventional wovens, elastic nonwovens do not require the process of weaving and braiding, but instead join fibers together by melting, bonding, or machining the fibers.
The general elastic nonwoven is vulnerable to damage and deterioration by daily use and environmental factors, is vulnerable to penetration and wetting of moisture, has low air permeability and poor soft elasticity, and limits the application fields of the elastic nonwoven.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the elastic non-woven fabric is provided with a manufacturing process and application thereof, so that the elastic non-woven fabric has the advantages of good elasticity, softness, wear resistance, waterproofness, air permeability, oxidation resistance, weather resistance and the like, and can be suitable for various application fields.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an elastic nonwoven fabric comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90-110 parts of TPU and 0.1-3 parts of antioxidant.
Preferably, the soft segment structure in the TPU is at least one of PBA, PTMEG, PCL and bio-based polyol.
Preferably, the soft segment structure in the TPU is PBA or PTMEG.
Preferably, the hard segment structure in the TPU is at least one of MDI, HDI, IPDI, NDI.
Preferably, the hard segment structure in the TPU is MDI or IPDI.
Preferably, the TPU has a Shore hardness of 65A-75D.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one or a mixture of more of an ester antioxidant, an amine antioxidant or a phenolic antioxidant.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing and drying: mixing TPU with an antioxidant, drying, and adding into a mixer to carry out mixing so as to obtain polymer slices;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slice into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed and the box temperature of the screw extruder, heating and melting the polymer slice in the screw extruder to form viscous melt, and conveying the viscous melt to a melt pipeline by compression of the extruder;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is regulated, the polymer is precisely metered, and the polymer is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: after the melt enters a die head and is uniformly mixed, the melt is uniformly distributed in each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, and thin flow is uniformly sprayed out of the spinning holes, and finally short fibers are formed after being drawn by hot air, and the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample.
Preferably, in the step (1), the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃ and the drying time is 2-4 hours.
Preferably, in the step (2), the screw speed is 100-300r/min, and the screw temperature is 80-150 ℃, 150-200 ℃, 170-230 ℃ in the first zone, 170-230 ℃ in the third zone and fourth zone: 170-250 ℃ and 170-260 ℃ in a fifth zone.
Preferably, in the step (4), the pressure of the metering pump is 5-40MPa;
preferably, in the step (5), the extrusion die temperature first region: 200-260 ℃, second zone: 200-260 ℃, third zone: 200-260 ℃, fourth zone: 200-260 ℃; the hot air pressure is 5-30MPa, and the hot air temperature is 210-270 ℃; the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 10-50cm.
In the step (6), the winding speed is 5-30m/min.
According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a use in shoe materials, garment liners, medical applications, menstrual pants, sanitary pants, facial mask base cloths.
In the present application, "PBA" means a polyester polyol, "PTMEG" means a polyether polyol, "PCL" means a polycarbonate polyol, "MDI" means diphenylmethane diisocyanate, "HDI" means hexamethylene diisocyanate, "IPDI" means isophorone diisocyanate, "NDI" means naphthalene diisocyanate.
Benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:
1. the elastic non-woven fabric provided by the application has proper softness, hardness, tensile strength and oxidation resistance, so as to meet the requirements of different application scenes and improve the service life of the elastic non-woven fabric.
2. According to the elastic non-woven fabric, the thermoplastic polyurethane is added, so that the non-woven fabric has good elasticity, can adapt to surfaces with different shapes and curves, and provides better comfort and fit for the obtained non-woven fabric.
3. The manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric adopts the melt-blowing process flow, and the melt-blowing process can uniformly mix TPU and the antioxidant and melt the TPU and the antioxidant into fibers at high temperature to form a high-strength fiber network structure. This results in an elastic nonwoven with better strength and abrasion resistance, capable of withstanding greater tensile and tear forces; the TPU itself has excellent elasticity and rebound resilience, and the elastic nonwoven fabric prepared by the melt-blowing process can maintain the original elastic characteristics. This allows for better flexibility and comfort of the cloth, and better support and protection; the melt-blowing process can control the porosity and distribution of the fibers, so that the elastic non-woven fabric has better air permeability and moisture regulation; the TPU has better chemical resistance, and the elastic nonwoven fabric has better chemical resistance by adding the antioxidant.
4. According to the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric, optimized production process parameters, TPU and an antioxidant are mixed and dried through the steps of mixing, drying and melt extrusion, and a viscous melt is formed through the heating and extrusion actions of a screw extruder. The preparation method can lead the melt to be uniform and stable, and is beneficial to the quality control of the subsequent spinning net formation. The raw materials can be fully mixed and dried by optimizing the drying temperature and the drying time, so that the uniformity and the stability of the subsequent melt are improved; through the filtering step, the melt is filtered by a filter screen, so that impurities and unmelted particles can be effectively removed, and the fiber quality in the spinning and net forming process is ensured. The filter effect can be improved and the fiber quality can be further improved by optimizing the design of the filter and selecting a proper filter screen; the continuous and stable conveying of the filtered melt can be realized through the adjustment of the metering pump, and the uniformity and stability of the fiber in the spinning and net forming process are ensured. The pressure of the metering pump is optimized, so that the flow of the melt can be controlled, and the uniformity and stability of the fiber are further improved; after the melt enters the die head, fine flow is evenly sprayed out through the spinneret orifices, short fibers are formed after the melt is drawn by hot air flow, and finally, the melt is formed into a net on a net curtain. By controlling the extrusion die temperature, the hot air temperature, and the distance between the die and the net curtain, the uniformity and stability of the spinning net can be realized. The thickness and the tension of the fiber can be controlled by optimizing the temperature of the extrusion die head and the hot air parameters, so that the uniformity and the stability of the fiber are further improved; the fiber can be further solidified by cooling of a cold air system, so that a cloth sample is obtained. And then stretching and rolling the cooled cloth sample for subsequent processing and use. By controlling the cooling speed and the winding speed, the performance and the appearance of the cloth sample can be adjusted.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, but rather as providing those skilled in the art with some simple alternatives or modifications in light of the teachings of the present invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, all starting materials in the examples of the present application were purchased commercially.
Example 1
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: 90 parts of TPU and 0.1 part of ester antioxidant are mixed and dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, and the mixture is added into a mixer to be mixed to obtain polymer slices, wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PBA, and the hard segment structure of the TPU is MDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 65A;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer chips into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotation speed of the screw extruder to 100r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 80 ℃, the second zone is 150 ℃, the third zone is 170 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 170 ℃ and the temperature of 170 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is adjusted to be 5MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 200 ℃, second zone: 200 ℃, third zone: 200 ℃, fourth zone: uniformly mixing the melt at 200 ℃ in a die head, uniformly spraying out trickles from a spinneret orifice, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 5MPa and the temperature of 210 ℃, wherein the short fibers are meshed on a mesh curtain, and the distance between the die head and the mesh curtain is 10cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample, wherein the winding speed is 5m/min.
Example 2
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: 100 parts of TPU and 1.2 parts of phenolic antioxidant are mixed and dried for 4 hours at the temperature of 120 ℃, and are added into a mixer to be mixed to obtain polymer slices, wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PTMEG, and the hard segment structure of the TPU is HDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 75A;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slices into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed of the screw extruder to 300r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 150 ℃, the second zone is 200 ℃, the third zone is 230 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 250 ℃ and the temperature of 260 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is regulated to 40MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 200-260 ℃, second zone: 200-260 ℃, third zone: 200-260 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head at 200-260 ℃ and is uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickle from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 5-30MPa and the temperature of 210-270 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 10-50cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and (5) winding the cooled cloth sample, wherein the winding speed is 5-30m/min.
Example 3
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: 98 parts of TPU and 0.8 part of amine antioxidant are mixed and dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, and the mixture is added into a mixer to be mixed to obtain polymer slices, wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PCL, and the hard segment structure of the TPU is IPDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 80A;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slices into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed of the screw extruder to 150r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 100 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 230 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 250 ℃ and the temperature of 230 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is regulated to be 30MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 210 ℃, second zone: 220 ℃, third zone: 220 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head to be uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickles from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 15MPa and the temperature of 240 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 30cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample, wherein the winding speed is 25m/min.
Example 4
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: 95 parts of TPU, 2 parts of a mixture of an ester antioxidant and an amine antioxidant are mixed and dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, and the mixture is added into a mixer to be mixed to obtain polymer slices, wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PBA, and the hard segment structure of the TPU is MDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 65D;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slices into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed of the screw extruder to 250r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 100 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 210 ℃ and the temperature of 220 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is regulated to be 32MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 220 ℃, second zone: 230 ℃, third zone: 240 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head to be uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickles from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 18MPa and the temperature of 250 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 30cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample, wherein the winding speed is 18m/min.
Example 5
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: mixing and drying 100 parts of TPU, 1.2 parts of a mixture of an ester antioxidant and a phenol antioxidant at 90 ℃ for 3 hours, and adding the mixture into a mixer to carry out mixing to obtain polymer slices, wherein the structure of a soft segment in the TPU is bio-based polyol, and the structure of a hard segment in the TPU is NDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 70D;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer chips into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotation speed of the screw extruder to 170r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 110 ℃, the second zone is 150 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 210 ℃ and the temperature of 240 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is adjusted to 20MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 210 ℃, second zone: 220 ℃, third zone: 240 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head to be uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickles from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 24MPa and the temperature of 270 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 40cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample at a winding speed of 26m/min.
Example 6
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: 95 parts of TPU, 2.5 parts of a mixture of an ester antioxidant, an amine antioxidant and a phenol antioxidant are mixed and dried for 4 hours at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the mixture is added into a mixer to be mixed to obtain polymer slices, wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PBA, and the hard segment structure of the TPU is IPDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 65D;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slices into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed of the screw extruder to be 200r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 110 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 210 ℃ and the temperature of 220 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is adjusted to 10MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 220 ℃, second zone 240 ℃, third zone: 240 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head to be uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickles from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 29MPa and the temperature of 220 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 10-50cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample, wherein the winding speed is 15m/min.
Example 7
(1) Mixing and drying: 95 parts of TPU, 2.5 parts of a mixture of an ester antioxidant, an amine antioxidant and a phenol antioxidant are mixed and dried for 4 hours at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the mixture is added into a mixer to be mixed to obtain polymer slices, wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PTMEG, and the hard segment structure of the TPU is HDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 60A;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slices into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed of the screw extruder to be 200r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 110 ℃, the second zone is 180 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 210 ℃ and the temperature of 220 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is adjusted to 15MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 220 ℃, second zone 240 ℃, third zone: 240 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head to be uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickles from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 29MPa and the temperature of 220 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 10-50cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample; and (7) stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample, wherein the winding speed is 15m/min.
Example 8
The specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the elastic nonwoven fabric are as follows:
(1) Mixing and drying: mixing and drying 100 parts of TPU, 1.2 parts of a mixture of an ester antioxidant and a phenolic antioxidant at 90 ℃ for 3 hours, and adding the mixture into a mixer to carry out mixing so as to obtain polymer slices, wherein the structure of a soft section of the TPU is PBA, and the structure of a hard section of the TPU is HDI; the shore hardness of the TPU is 80A;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer chips into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotation speed of the screw extruder to 170r/min, wherein the first zone of the screw extruder is 110 ℃, the second zone is 150 ℃, the third zone is 200 ℃, and the fourth zone is: the temperature of 210 ℃ and the temperature of 240 ℃ in a fifth zone, and the polymer slice is heated and melted in a screw extruder to form a viscous state melt, and is compressed by the extruder and conveyed to a melt pipeline;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter by extrusion, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is regulated to be 32MPa, and the filtered melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: the die temperature was set to the first zone: 210 ℃, second zone: 220 ℃, third zone: 240 ℃, fourth zone: after the melt enters a die head to be uniformly mixed, uniformly distributing the melt into each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, uniformly spraying trickles from the spinning holes, and finally forming short fibers after being drawn by hot air with the wind pressure of 24MPa and the temperature of 270 ℃, wherein the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain, and the distance between the die head and the net curtain is 40cm;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample; and (7) stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample at a winding speed of 26m/min.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 4 in that the number of parts of TPU is increased to 120 parts in step (1) by specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 4 in the specific parameters of the process for making the elastic nonwoven, in step (1), the TPU is replaced by PP.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is different from example 4 in that an antioxidant is not added in step (1) in the specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is different from example 4 in specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric, in the step (2), temperatures of respective zones of the screw were set, the first zone was 150 ℃, the second zone was 210 ℃, the third zone was 240 ℃, and the fourth zone: 270℃and 300℃in the fifth zone.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 is different from example 4 in that the specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric, in step (4), the metering pump pressure was adjusted to 70MPa
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 is different from example 4 in specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric, and in step (5), the temperature of hot air was set to 100 ℃.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 is different from example 4 in the specific parameters of the manufacturing process of the sexual nonwoven fabric, in the step (5), the distance between the die and the web was 5cm.
The abrasion-resistant low-noise material prepared in the comparative example and the example is tested for tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, abrasion resistance and air permeability; the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table, the raw material proportion and the manufacturing process adopted by the method can obtain the elastic non-woven fabric with good tensile strength, high wear resistance and good air permeability; can adapt to the surfaces with different shapes and curves, provides better comfort and fit for the obtained non-woven fabric, expands the application environment of the non-woven fabric, and when the hardness of the TPU is increased, the material becomes more rigid and hard. This results in a decrease in the softness and bending properties of the elastic cloth, which results in a loss of a portion of its elasticity. The elastic recovery ability and the tensile property of the elastic cloth are affected, so that the elastic cloth cannot meet specific application requirements. Elastic fabrics are commonly used in applications requiring comfort and fit, such as apparel interlinings, footwear, bedding, and the like. When the hardness of the TPU exceeds a certain range, the comfort of the elastic cloth may be lowered. An increase in stiffness results in an increase in the stiffness of the material, making it feel stiffer when in contact with the skin, potentially reducing the comfort of the user; the reduced stiffness of the TPU means that the material is softer and may result in an elastic nonwoven with insufficient elasticity. The material may be too soft to provide sufficient resiliency and support, thereby affecting its elastic properties. Low hardness TPU materials generally have lower abrasion resistance. In the use of elastic nonwoven fabrics, if the material hardness is too low, it may result in the material surface being easily worn and broken, reducing its durability and service life. Low hardness TPU materials may be more sensitive to chemicals and are susceptible to corrosion and damage. This may limit the use of elastic nonwovens in certain environments, especially in chemical-contacting applications. Low hardness TPU materials can be difficult to handle during processing. Too soft a material may cause difficulties in viscosity and shape control during processing, and special processing methods and techniques may be required; from the above table, it is also clear that the elastic nonwoven fabric obtained in example 4 had the best performance.
Comparative example 1 is different from example 4 in that the number of parts of TPU is increased to 120 parts in step (1) by specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric. The elastic properties decrease: too much TPU may cause the elastic nonwoven to become too stiff, losing a portion of its softness and bending properties, reducing the elastic recovery and stretch properties of the material, making it incapable of meeting the specific application requirements. And too much TPU may make the material more tacky and sticky, increasing handling difficulties during processing. Higher temperatures and greater pressures may be required to ensure melting and formation of the material, adding to the complexity and cost of the manufacturing process.
Comparative example 2 differs from example 4 in the specific parameters of the process for making the elastic nonwoven, in step (1), the TPU is replaced by PP.
PP has lower strength and abrasion resistance than TPU. Thus, replacement of the TPU by PP may result in a product with reduced elasticity and softness, losing a portion of its elasticity and resiliency. In addition, TPU has better chemical resistance and can withstand attack by some chemicals. Whereas PP may swell or dissolve in certain chemicals, TPU generally has better thermal stability and can maintain better performance in high temperature environments. However, PP has poor thermal stability and is easily softened and deformed, resulting in limited application fields.
Comparative example 3 is different from example 4 in that the strength and hardness of the elastic nonwoven are affected without the addition of an antioxidant, and the weather resistance is reduced, resulting in a shortened service life of the product in the open air or in a severe environment, affecting the application range and performance of the material.
Comparative example 4 is different from example 4 in specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric, in the step (2), temperatures of respective zones of the screw were set, the first zone was 150 ℃, the second zone was 210 ℃, the third zone was 240 ℃, and the fourth zone: 270℃and 300℃in the fifth zone. The viscosity dissipation of deformation energy stored in the flowing melt is increased, the elastic characteristics are weakened, after the melt is extruded through the spinneret orifices, the fiber fineness is reduced, the diameter is reduced, the porosity is reduced, and the air permeability of the material is poor.
Comparative example 5 is different from example 4 in that the specific parameters of the process for producing an elastic nonwoven fabric, in step (4), the metering pump pressure was adjusted to 70MPa, and excessive metering pump pressure would cause an increase in the flow rate of the melt, so that the fiber stretching during spinning became uneven. This may lead to inconsistent fiber thickness and uneven fiber distribution, thereby reducing the quality of the elastic nonwoven, and excessive metering pump pressure may also increase fiber tension during spinning beyond the fiber bearing capacity, resulting in fiber breakage. This can lead to non-uniformity in fiber length and the presence of broken fibers, which reduces the strength and durability of the elastic nonwoven, and fails to meet the requirement of high softness of the material required when the material is applied in the fields of garment liners, medical applications, menstrual pants, sanitary pants, mask base fabrics, and the like.
Comparative example 6 is different from example 4 in that the hot air temperature was set to 100 deg.c in step (5). The temperature of hot air can influence the temperature of a melt through the heat conduction of a spinneret plate on a melt-blowing die head, but when the temperature is too high, the non-woven fabric becomes hard and brittle, and the requirement of high softness of the material can not be met when the material is applied to the fields of clothing lining, medical application, menstrual trousers, sanitary trousers, mask base cloth and the like.
Comparative example 7 is different from example 4 in that in step (5), the distance between the die and the web was 5cm. The distance between the die head and the net curtain determines the crystallization speed and the porosity of the non-woven fabric, and further influences the tearing strength and the transverse and longitudinal tensile force of the non-woven fabric; the distance between the die and the web also affects the degree of fiber draw. A larger distance will allow the fibers to stretch longer during the ejection process, resulting in longer fibers. A smaller distance will reduce the degree of fiber stretching, resulting in shorter fibers. But the distance between the die and the web also affects the orientation of the fibers after ejection. The larger distance can make the fiber more easily receive the external wind force after being sprayed out, thereby making the fiber orientation more parallel. Conversely, a smaller distance may subject the fibers to a greater resistance and the fibers may be more randomly oriented. The orientation of the fibers has an influence on the strength, air permeability, hand feeling and other properties of the non-woven fabric, and cannot meet the application requirements.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application, and the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments, but is defined by the claims of the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the technical ideas and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The elastic nonwoven fabric is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of TPU and 0.1-3 parts of antioxidant.
2. The elastic nonwoven of claim 1 wherein the TPU has a soft segment structure of at least one of PBA, PTMEG, PCL and bio-based polyols.
3. The elastic nonwoven of claim 2 wherein the soft segment structure of the TPU is PBA or PTMEG.
4. The elastic nonwoven of claim 1 wherein the TPU has a hard segment structure of at least one of MDI, HDI, IPDI, NDI.
5. The elastic nonwoven of claim 4 wherein the hard segment structure of the TPU is MDI or IPDI.
6. The elastic nonwoven of claim 1 wherein the TPU has a shore hardness of 65A-75D.
7. The elastic nonwoven of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one or more of an ester antioxidant, an amine antioxidant, or a phenolic antioxidant.
8. The process for producing an elastic nonwoven according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing and drying: mixing TPU with an antioxidant, drying, and adding into a mixer to carry out mixing so as to obtain polymer slices;
(2) Melt extrusion: placing the polymer slice into a screw extruder, adjusting the rotating speed and the box temperature of the screw extruder, heating and melting the polymer slice in the screw extruder to form viscous melt, and conveying the viscous melt to a melt pipeline by compression of the extruder;
(3) And (3) filtering: conveying the melt into a filter, and filtering impurities and unmelted particles through a filter screen;
(4) Metering: the filtered melt flows through a metering pump, the pressure of the metering pump is regulated, the melt is precisely metered, and the melt is continuously and stably conveyed into a spinning machine;
(5) Spinning and forming a net: after the melt enters a die head and is uniformly mixed, the melt is uniformly distributed in each spinning hole of a spinneret plate, and thin flow is uniformly sprayed out of the spinning holes, and finally short fibers are formed after being drawn by hot air, and the short fibers are formed into a net on a net curtain;
(6) And (3) cooling: after the net is formed, further cooling is carried out through a cold air system to obtain a cloth sample;
(7) Stretching and rolling: and winding the cooled cloth sample.
9. The elastic non-woven fabric is applied to shoe materials, garment linings, medical application, menstrual trousers, sanitary trousers and mask base fabrics.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1445390A (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2003-10-01 | 东华大学 | Method and equipment for making elastic nonwovens from polyurethane by melting and jetting material to form mesh |
| US20100248575A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2010-09-30 | Basf Se | Fibers, particularly nonwoven fabric based on thermoplastic polyurethane |
| CN115387023A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-25 | 广东汇齐新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of TPU/PLA melt-blown composite non-woven fabric |
| WO2023190074A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | 三井化学株式会社 | Melt-blown nonwoven fabric and hygienic material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1445390A (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2003-10-01 | 东华大学 | Method and equipment for making elastic nonwovens from polyurethane by melting and jetting material to form mesh |
| US20100248575A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2010-09-30 | Basf Se | Fibers, particularly nonwoven fabric based on thermoplastic polyurethane |
| WO2023190074A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | 三井化学株式会社 | Melt-blown nonwoven fabric and hygienic material |
| CN115387023A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-25 | 广东汇齐新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of TPU/PLA melt-blown composite non-woven fabric |
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