CN117283289B - A method for butt-jointing assembly of cylindrical parts - Google Patents

Abstract

A docking assembly method for parts with cylindrical shapes belongs to the field of assembly process technology. It includes the following steps: putting the lower half of the assembly parts into the middle sleeve, contacting with the piston, adjusting the air pressure control valve to make the assembly parts slowly drop 15-20mm and then stop; inserting the upper sleeve into the upper part of the middle sleeve and connecting with the middle sleeve; placing the upper half of the assembly parts into the upper sleeve from the top, and connecting through the set screws after the docking surfaces of the two assembly parts are in contact; the piston descends and compresses the cylindrical spiral compression spring, opens the air pressure control valve to release pressure, and closes the air pressure control valve after the upper half of the assembly parts completely falls into the upper sleeve; successively reverses the middle sleeve once, and then tightens the set screws in a cross order to complete the docking assembly process, withdraws the parts, and opens the air pressure control valve to inlet air after removing the upper sleeve, and the whole device returns to the initial state. The present invention can improve assembly accuracy and assembly efficiency.

Description

A method for butt-jointing assembly of cylindrical parts

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of assembly technology, and in particular relates to a butt assembly method for parts with cylindrical shapes.

Background technique

At present, the assembly of two parts with cylindrical shapes is achieved by tightening the set screws axially on the docking plane to achieve docking assembly and meet the docking coaxiality tolerance requirements. However, in the actual production process, due to the existence of processing errors, if there are no corresponding safeguards or process equipment, the joint surfaces of the two parts are prone to radial sliding, resulting in coaxiality deviations of the two assemblies. In the existing process methods, after the assembly and docking of the parts is completed, the coaxiality of the two docked assembled parts is often measured. The problem of coaxiality exceeds the tolerance, and sometimes even repeated disassembly and re-docking cannot meet the coaxiality accuracy requirements. Increase the labor intensity of workers and reduce assembly efficiency.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for butt-jointing assembly of parts with cylindrical shapes, which can improve assembly accuracy and efficiency.

The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention discloses a method for butting and assembling parts with cylindrical shapes, wherein an assembly device having an inner diameter matching the cylindrical outer diameter of the parts is used for assembly, wherein the assembly device comprises a base, an intermediate sleeve, a piston, an upper sleeve and a slewing bearing, wherein the base comprises a cylindrical body, wherein one end of the intermediate sleeve with a built-in piston is sleeved on the cylindrical body of the base, wherein a cylindrical helical compression spring is arranged between the base and the piston, wherein a vent hole is provided on the base, wherein an air pressure control valve is installed thereon, wherein a slewing bearing is connected between the base and the intermediate sleeve, wherein the inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the base, and the outer ring is connected to the intermediate sleeve, wherein sealing structures are formed between the intermediate sleeve and the cylindrical body of the base, and between the intermediate sleeve and the piston, wherein during assembly, the large-diameter end of the upper sleeve is sleeved on the other end of the intermediate sleeve, and is connected to the intermediate sleeve through a plurality of spring plungers arranged radially, wherein the assembly method comprises the following steps:

S1. Place the lower half of the assembly parts into the middle sleeve so that they are in contact with the piston. Adjust the air pressure control valve installed on the base to make the assembly parts slowly descend 15-20mm and then stop.

S2. The upper sleeve is inserted into the upper portion of the intermediate sleeve, and the upper sleeve is stuck in the first groove along the circumference of the intermediate sleeve by the spring plunger during the falling process;

S3. Place the upper assembly parts into the upper sleeve from the top, and connect them by tightening screws after the butt surfaces of the two assembly parts come into contact;

S4. The piston descends to compress the cylindrical helical compression spring, opening the air pressure control valve mounted on the base to release pressure, so that the upper half of the assembly parts completely fall into the upper sleeve and then close the air pressure control valve 4;

S5. Rotate the intermediate sleeve forward and backward once, and then tighten the set screws in a cross order to complete the docking assembly process;

S6. After the docking assembly is completed, the upper sleeve is rotated and pressed down with force, and the upper sleeve moves downward so that the corrugated teeth of the upper sleeve are located in the corrugated grooves of the middle sleeve, and the upper part of the docking assembly is withdrawn, and the docking assembly is removed from the upper part;

S7. After removing the upper sleeve, open the air pressure control valve to let in air. The compressed cylindrical spiral compression spring pressure is released and rebounds, pushing the piston upward, and the entire device returns to its initial state.

Furthermore, the base is a cylindrical body on a truncated cone, a second groove for accommodating a slewing bearing is provided on the upper end surface of the truncated cone of the base, a base screw plug is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the cylinder, a sealing groove is provided on the lower end surface of the base screw plug, a sealing ring I is installed between the base and the base screw plug for sealing, a cylindrical helical compression spring is sleeved on the upper part of the base screw plug, two grooves for installing sealing rings III are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder of the base, and the vent hole is provided on the side wall of the truncated cone of the base.

Furthermore, a sealing ring II is installed between the air pressure control valve and the base.

Furthermore, there is a boss structure for installing an intermediate sleeve between the base cylinder and the truncated cone, and a third groove is formed in the inner ring of the slewing support corresponding to the connecting end of the intermediate sleeve and the base.

Furthermore, one end of the intermediate sleeve has a truncated cone structure connected to the base and the slewing bearing, and the other end is an upper cylinder extending into the upper sleeve and matching with the inner diameter of the upper sleeve. A corrugated groove is opened along the outer circumference of the upper cylinder, and the connecting end face of the upper sleeve matching with it has corrugated teeth matching with the corrugated groove.

Furthermore, a first groove for mounting a spring plunger is opened along the outer circumference of the upper cylinder of the intermediate sleeve, and the first groove is a spherical groove matched with the end of the spring plunger.

Furthermore, the groove depth H of the corrugated groove is 30-40 mm.

Furthermore, a plurality of threaded holes for installing spring plungers are evenly opened in the radial direction at the large end of the bottom of the upper sleeve, and the end of the spring plunger is placed in the first groove of the middle sleeve.

Furthermore, rectangular observation holes are provided below the corrugated groove of the middle sleeve and in the middle portion of the upper sleeve.

Furthermore, the upper end of the piston has a groove structure for accommodating the end of the lower half assembly component, and the lower end has a groove for accommodating the end of the cylindrical helical compression spring. When the piston moves downward, it contacts the upper part of the cylindrical helical compression spring. The outer cylindrical surface of the piston is provided with two grooves, in which a sealing ring IV is installed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. During assembly of the present invention, the lower half of the assembly parts are pre-placed in the middle sleeve, the large diameter end of the upper sleeve is sleeved on the top of the middle sleeve, and connected by multiple spring plungers arranged radially. The upper half of the assembly parts are placed in the upper sleeve from the top, and the docking assembly is completed by tightening the screws, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the upper and lower assembly parts. After the assembly is completed, the upper sleeve is rotated so that the corrugated teeth of the upper sleeve are placed in the corrugated grooves of the middle sleeve, and the upper sleeve is moved downward, the upper part of the docking assembly is withdrawn, the docking assembly is removed from the upper part of the device, and then the upper sleeve is removed and the air pressure control valve is opened to allow air to enter. The pressure of the previously compressed cylindrical helical compression spring is released and rebounds, pushing the piston to move upward, and the entire device returns to its original state. Then, the next docking assembly activity can be carried out.

2. The assembly device of the present invention is a middle sleeve connected to the base through a slewing bearing, a piston is arranged in the middle sleeve, and the piston contacts the cylindrical helical compression spring arranged in the base, an upper sleeve is arranged on the top of the middle sleeve, and a vent hole is opened on the base, and an air pressure control valve is installed on it. The inner diameters of the middle sleeve and the upper sleeve match the outer diameters of the upper and lower assembly parts to ensure the coaxiality accuracy of the assembled upper and lower parts.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tightening sequence of the set screws during the assembly process of the butt-jointed parts.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the intermediate sleeve of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper sleeve of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a base according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-base, 2-base screw plug, 3-sealing ring I, 4-cylindrical helical compression spring, 5-air pressure control valve, 6-sealing ring II, 7-bolt I, 8-slewing bearing, 9-bolt II, 10-intermediate sleeve, 11-bolt III, 12-sealing ring III, 13-piston, 14-sealing ring IV, 15-lower half assembly parts, 16-spring plunger, 17-upper half assembly parts, 18-set screw, 19-upper sleeve, 20-vent, 21-cone, 22-cylinder, 23-boss, 24. Upper cylinder, 25. Corrugated groove, 26. Corrugated teeth, 27. Observation hole, 28. First groove, 29. Second groove, 30. Third groove, 31. Fourth groove, 32. Groove, 33. Mounting hole.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment: As shown in FIG1 , the present invention is a method for butt-jointing and assembling parts with cylindrical shapes, which is assembled by an assembly device having an inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the cylindrical part, the assembly device comprising a base 1, an intermediate sleeve 10, a piston 13, an upper sleeve 19 and a slewing bearing 8, the base 1 having a cylindrical body 22, one end of the piston 13 built in the intermediate sleeve 10 is sleeved on the base cylindrical body 22, a cylindrical helical compression spring 4 is arranged between the base 1 and the piston 13, a vent hole 20 is opened on the base 1, and a vent hole 20 is formed on the base 1. An air pressure control valve 5 is installed, a slewing bearing 8 is connected between the base 1 and the intermediate sleeve 10, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 8 is connected to the base 1, and the outer ring is connected to the intermediate sleeve 10. The intermediate sleeve 10 and the base cylinder 22, and the intermediate sleeve 10 and the piston 13 are all sealed structures. During assembly, the large diameter end of the upper sleeve 19 is sleeved on the other end of the intermediate sleeve 10, and the upper sleeve 19 has multiple spring plunger mounting holes 33 arranged radially, and is connected to the intermediate sleeve 10 through multiple spring plungers 16 arranged radially. The assembly method includes the following steps:

S1. Place the lower half of the assembly parts into the middle sleeve 10, contact the piston 13, adjust the air pressure control valve installed on the base 1 so that the assembly parts slowly descend 15-20mm and then stop;

S2. The upper sleeve 19 is inserted into the upper portion of the intermediate sleeve 10. The upper sleeve 19 is stuck in the first groove 28 of the intermediate sleeve 10 along the circumference through the spring plunger 16 mounted thereon during the falling process;

S3. The upper half of the assembly parts are placed into the upper sleeve 19 from the top, and the butt surfaces of the two assembly parts are connected by the set screws 18 after contact;

S4. The piston 13 descends to compress the cylindrical helical compression spring 4, and opens the air pressure control valve 5 mounted on the base 1 to release the pressure, so that the upper half of the assembled parts completely falls into the upper sleeve 19, and then closes the air pressure control valve 5;

S5. Reverse the intermediate sleeve 10 once each, and then tighten the set screws 18 in a cross order to complete the docking assembly process;

S6. After the docking assembly is completed, the upper sleeve 19 is rotated and pressed down with force, and the upper sleeve 19 moves downward so that the corrugated teeth of the upper sleeve 19 are located in the corrugated grooves of the middle sleeve 10, and the upper part of the docking assembly is withdrawn, and the docking assembly is removed from the upper part;

S7. After removing the upper sleeve 19, open the air pressure control valve 5 to let in air, and the compressed cylindrical helical compression spring 4 releases the pressure and rebounds, pushing the piston 13 to move upward, and the entire device returns to its initial state.

Furthermore, the base 1 is provided with a cylindrical body 22 on a truncated cone, a base screw plug is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the cylindrical body 22, a cylindrical helical compression spring 4 is sleeved thereon, two grooves 32 for installing sealing rings III12 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the base cylindrical body 22, and the air vent 20 is arranged on the side wall of the base truncated cone 21 as a gas inlet and outlet channel; the end of the air vent 20 is connected to the air pressure control valve 5 by a bolt 7Ⅰ, and the gas inlet and outlet are controlled by opening and closing different valve ports of the air pressure control valve 5, and a sealing ring II6 is installed between the air pressure control valve 5 and the base 1 to prevent air leakage, thereby ensuring the air tightness of the internal cavity, so that a retractable air cylinder functional structure with a cylindrical helical compression spring 4 in the middle is formed between the base 1 and the intermediate sleeve 10.

The upper end surface of the truncated cone 21 of the base 1 is provided with a second groove 29 for installing the slewing bearing 8, so as to form support for the intermediate sleeve 0 and other parts, and to ensure the flexible circumferential rotation of the intermediate sleeve 10; the lower end surface of the truncated cone 21 of the base 1 is provided with a fourth groove 31, and the center position is processed into a threaded hole, so as to screw into the base screw plug 2, and the lower end surface of the base screw plug 2 is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring seal I3 is installed between the base 1 and the base screw plug 2, and a cylindrical helical compression spring 4 is inserted into the upper part of the base screw plug 2, and a bolt hole is provided on the base 1 for fastening with the workbench or production line. There is also a boss 23 structure for installing the intermediate sleeve between the base cylinder 22 and the truncated cone 21, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 8 is connected to the base 1 by bolts II 9, and the outer ring is connected to the intermediate sleeve 10 by bolts III 11, so that the intermediate sleeve 10 can realize the rotation of any angle, and the connection end between the intermediate sleeve 10 and the base corresponds to the inner ring of the slewing bearing 8. The third groove 30 is provided to facilitate the installation of the slewing bearing 8 and prevent the intermediate sleeve 10 from being restricted in rotation.

One end of the intermediate sleeve 10 has a truncated cone structure connected to the base 1 and the slewing bearing 8, and the other end is an upper cylinder 24 that extends into the upper sleeve 19 and matches the inner diameter of the upper sleeve 19. A corrugated groove 25 is opened along the outer circumference of the upper cylinder 24, and the connecting end surface of the upper sleeve 19 that matches the corrugated groove 25 has a corrugated tooth 26 that matches the corrugated groove 25. The groove depth H of the corrugated groove 25 is 30-40mm, and the groove depth H in this example is 35mm, and 30mm or 40mm can also be selected to accommodate the corrugated tooth 26.

A first groove 28 for mounting the spring plunger 16 is opened along the outer circumference of the upper cylinder 24 of the intermediate sleeve 10. The first groove 28 is a spherical groove that cooperates with the end of the spring plunger 16. In this example, four first grooves 28 are opened symmetrically along the circumference; the spring plunger 16 is an existing purchased part.

The bottom large end of the upper sleeve 19 is evenly provided with a plurality of threaded holes for installing the spring plunger 16 in the radial direction, and the end of the spring plunger 16 is placed in the first groove 28 of the middle sleeve 10 .

Rectangular observation holes 27 are provided below the corrugated groove 25 of the middle sleeve 10 and in the middle of the upper sleeve 19, which facilitate the connection between the two assembly parts and observe the position of the internal assembly parts, and also have the effect of reducing weight.

The inner diameters of the upper sleeve 19 and the middle sleeve 10 are the same as the outer diameters of the parts to be assembled, ensuring a tolerance of 5-6, and can form an inner cylindrical surface with high precision to ensure the coaxiality of the parts docking assembly.

The upper end of the piston 10 has a groove structure for accommodating the end of the lower half assembly component 15, and the lower end has a groove for accommodating the cylindrical helical compression spring 4. When the piston 13 moves downward, it contacts the upper part of the cylindrical helical compression spring 4. The outer cylindrical surface of the piston 13 is provided with two grooves, in which a sealing ring IV14 is installed.

The intermediate sleeve 10 and the cylindrical body 22 of the base 1, as well as the intermediate sleeve 10 and the piston 13 are all sealed structures, in which two sealing rings III12 and two sealing rings IV14 are respectively arranged between the intermediate sleeve 10 and the cylindrical body 22 of the base 1, as well as between the intermediate sleeve 10 and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 13. Due to the presence of the sealing ring III12, the sealing ring IV14, the sealing ring I3, the sealing ring II6 and the air pressure control valve 4, the air tightness of the internal cavity is guaranteed, so that a retractable air pressure cylinder functional structure with a cylindrical helical compression spring 2 in the middle is formed between the base 1 and the intermediate sleeve 10.

Other components not described in detail in the present invention are all existing conventional structures and will not be described in detail here.

When installing the device, after installing the sealing ring IV14 in the groove of the outer cylindrical surface of the piston 13, install it into the intermediate sleeve 10 from the bottom, and then install the intermediate sleeve 10 into the base 1; due to the existence of gravity, the piston 13 moves downward and contacts the upper part of the cylindrical helical compression spring 4. The base 1 has holes and can be installed on a workbench or production line with screws.

During the manufacturing process of the device of the present invention, by ensuring the machining accuracy of the inner diameter of the intermediate sleeve 10 and the upper sleeve 19 and the outer diameter of the assembly parts, a tolerance of 5-6 is required, so that a high-precision inner cylindrical surface that ensures the coaxiality of the parts docking assembly can be formed. The coaxiality during the initial docking assembly can be further improved by the synchronous circumferential rotation of the intermediate sleeve 13 and the upper sleeve 18 during the docking assembly, while limiting the radial sliding of the lower half assembly parts 15 and the upper half assembly parts 17 during the tightening process of the set screw 19. In addition, by adjusting the air pressure in the inner cavity, the upper and lower positions of the docking assembly in the device can be adjusted, thereby further correcting the axial deviation during the docking tightening process.

As shown in FIG2 , the upper and lower assembly parts are connected by 8 butt-assembly set screws 18. The arrangement and numbering of the set screws 18 start from the fourth quadrant. There are two set screws 18 in each quadrant, which are respectively placed at the two ends of each quadrant, and are 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7 and 18-8 in a clockwise direction. The tightening process is divided into two steps. In the first step, the tightening sequence of the set screws 18 is 18-1, 18-5, 18-3, 18-7, 18-4, 18-8, 18-2 and 18-6, corresponding to each other; in the second step, the tightening sequence of the set screws is 18-2, 18-6, 18-4, 18-8, 18-3, 18-7, 18-5 and 18-1, corresponding to each other. By controlling the tightening process sequence of the set screws, the influence of the tightening torque and the extrusion deformation of the mating parts on the assembly coaxiality can be eliminated.

It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for docking and assembling parts with cylindrical shapes, characterized in that: an assembly device with an inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the cylinder of the parts is used for assembly, the assembly device comprises a base, an intermediate sleeve, a piston, an upper sleeve and a slewing bearing, the base has a cylindrical body, one end of the intermediate sleeve with a built-in piston is sleeved on the cylindrical body of the base, a cylindrical helical compression spring is arranged between the base and the piston, a vent hole is opened on the base, an air pressure control valve is installed on it, a slewing bearing is connected between the base and the intermediate sleeve, the inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the base, and the outer ring is connected to the intermediate sleeve, the intermediate sleeve and the cylindrical body of the base, and the intermediate sleeve and the piston are all sealed structures, during assembly, the large diameter end of the upper sleeve is sleeved on the other end of the intermediate sleeve, and is connected to the intermediate sleeve through a plurality of spring plungers arranged radially, the assembly method comprises the following steps: S1. Place the lower half of the assembly parts into the middle sleeve so that they are in contact with the piston. Adjust the air pressure control valve installed on the base to make the assembly parts slowly descend 15-20mm and then stop. S2. The upper sleeve is inserted into the upper portion of the intermediate sleeve, and the upper sleeve is stuck in the first groove along the circumference of the intermediate sleeve by the spring plunger during the falling process; S3. Place the upper assembly parts into the upper sleeve from the top, and connect them by tightening screws after the butt surfaces of the two assembly parts come into contact; S4. The piston descends to compress the cylindrical helical compression spring, opening the air pressure control valve installed on the base to release pressure, so that the upper part of the assembly parts completely falls into the upper sleeve and then the air pressure control valve is closed; S5. Rotate the intermediate sleeve forward and reversely once, and then tighten the set screws in a cross order to complete the docking assembly process; S6. After the docking assembly is completed, the upper sleeve is rotated and pressed down with force, and the upper sleeve moves downward so that the corrugated teeth of the upper sleeve are located in the corrugated grooves of the middle sleeve, and the upper part of the docking assembly is withdrawn, and the docking assembly is removed from the upper part; S7. After removing the upper sleeve, open the air pressure control valve to let in air. The compressed cylindrical spiral compression spring pressure is released and rebounds, pushing the piston upward, and the entire device returns to its initial state. 2. The docking assembly method of parts with cylindrical shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the base is a cylindrical body on a truncated cone, a second groove for accommodating a slewing bearing is opened on the upper end surface of the truncated cone of the base, a base screw plug is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylinder, a sealing groove is opened on the lower end surface of the base screw plug, a sealing ring I is installed between the base and the base screw plug for sealing, a cylindrical helical compression spring is sleeved on the upper part of the base screw plug, two grooves for installing sealing rings III are opened on the outer peripheral surface of the base cylinder, and the vent hole is opened on the side wall of the truncated cone of the base. 3. The method for docking and assembling parts with cylindrical shapes according to claim 2, characterized in that a sealing ring II is installed between the air pressure control valve and the base. 4. The docking assembly method of cylindrical parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: there is a boss structure for installing an intermediate sleeve between the base cylinder and the truncated cone, and a third groove is opened in the inner ring of the slewing bearing corresponding to the intermediate sleeve and the base connection end. 5. The docking assembly method for parts with cylindrical shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: one end of the intermediate sleeve has a truncated cone structure connected to the base and the slewing bearing, and the other end is an upper cylinder that extends into the upper sleeve and matches the inner diameter of the upper sleeve, and a corrugated groove is opened along the outer circumference of the upper cylinder, and the connecting end face of the upper sleeve that matches it has corrugated teeth that match the corrugated groove. 6. The docking assembly method of parts with cylindrical shapes according to claim 5 is characterized in that a first groove for installing a spring plunger is opened along the outer circumference of the upper cylinder of the intermediate sleeve, and the first groove is a spherical groove that cooperates with the end of the spring plunger. 7. The method for butting and assembling cylindrical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that the depth H of the corrugated groove is 30-40 mm. 8. The method for docking and assembling parts with cylindrical shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a plurality of threaded holes for installing spring plungers are evenly opened radially at the large end of the bottom of the upper sleeve, and the end of the spring plunger is placed in the first groove of the middle sleeve. 9. The method for docking and assembling cylindrical parts according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that rectangular observation holes are opened below the corrugated groove of the middle sleeve and in the middle part of the upper sleeve. 10. The docking assembly method for parts with cylindrical shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the upper end of the piston has a groove structure to hold the end of the lower half of the assembly part, and the lower end has a groove to accommodate the end of the cylindrical helical compression spring. When the piston moves downward, it contacts the upper part of the cylindrical helical compression spring. The outer cylindrical surface of the piston is provided with two grooves, in which a sealing ring IV is installed.