CN117265342A - Aluminum alloy brake seat material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum alloy brake seat material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy accessories. The invention precisely controls the element composition of the aluminum alloy material, and improves the heat resistance, the wear resistance and the fatigue resistance of the aluminum alloy material while ensuring the excellent mechanical property of the aluminum alloy through the synergistic effect of different elements in the aluminum alloy. The invention adopts the spray forming and forging process, can refine material grains, strengthen phase grain dispersion distribution, has no traditional casting defects, and can improve the strength, hardness, friction resistance and fatigue resistance of the aluminum alloy material.

Description

An aluminum alloy brake seat material and its preparation method and application

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy accessories, and in particular to an aluminum alloy brake seat material and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

The electromagnetic brake is a connector that transmits torque from the active side to the passive side. It can be freely combined, cut off or braked as needed. It has the characteristics of compact structure, simple operation, responsive response, long life, reliable use and easy to achieve long distances. control and other advantages.

The electromagnetic brake is a very important automatic actuator in machines such as elevators, stages, ships, metallurgy, and hoisting machinery. It mainly plays the role of transmitting power and controlling motion in the mechanical transmission system. However, in the existing mechanical equipment, there are few real-time detection of braking force and braking process. Only manual maintenance and adjustment are carried out regularly. Therefore, during the use of the brake, the wear of the friction pair, the fatigue of the brake spring, and the large voltage increase are affected. Occasional failures such as fluctuations cannot be detected and prevented in time. The working environment of the electromagnetic brake is complex, and the brake components are easily damaged. Faults such as slow brake action and erratic action often occur, which are usually caused by mechanical faults and electrical faults. Common mechanical failure phenomena include insufficient braking force, failure of the brake arm to open, slow brake release, failure to brake in time even though the brake spring is tightened and the braking torque is increased, sudden brake failure, etc. The wheel temperature is too high, the brake shoe smokes, the brake fails, etc. As a component of the electromagnetic brake, the brake seat has a significant impact on the braking effect. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the wear resistance, high temperature resistance and fatigue resistance of the brake seat.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy brake seat material and its preparation method and application, which has excellent wear resistance, high temperature resistance and fatigue resistance.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides an aluminum alloy brake seat material, which includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 10~40%, copper 0.5~5%, magnesium 0.03~5%, iron 0.01~6%, nickel 0.01~5%, manganese 0.02~2%, zirconium 0.01~3%, titanium 0.01~3%, vanadium 0.02 ~2%, boron 0.1~2%, and the balance is aluminum.

Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, it includes the following chemical components:

Silicon 15~35%, copper 1.0~4.5%, magnesium 0.5~1.8%, iron 0.05~5%, nickel 0.03~5%, manganese 0.05~1.8%, zirconium 0.05~2.5%, titanium 0.05~1.8%, vanadium 0.05 ~1.8%, boron 0.5~1.8%, and the balance is aluminum.

The invention provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy brake seat material described in the above technical solution, which includes the following steps:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt to obtain an alloy liquid;

The alloy liquid is sequentially subjected to injection molding, forging, solid solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy brake seat material.

Preferably, nitrogen gas is used to spray-form the alloy liquid.

Preferably, the forging temperature is 200-800°C.

Preferably, the solution treatment temperature is 300-800°C and the time is 1-10 hours.

Preferably, after the solid solution treatment, the obtained specimen is quenched, the quenching water temperature is 20-60°C, and the quenching time is 10-60 s.

Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 150-300°C and the time is 5-20 hours.

The present invention provides the aluminum alloy brake seat material described in the above technical solution or the application of the aluminum alloy brake seat material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in electromagnetic brakes.

The invention provides an aluminum alloy brake seat material. The invention accurately controls the element composition of the aluminum alloy material. Through the synergistic effect of different elements in the aluminum alloy, it ensures the excellent mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy and improves the durability of the aluminum alloy material. Thermal, wear and fatigue resistance.

The invention adopts injection molding combined with forging technology, which can refine material grains and strengthen the dispersed distribution of phase particles without traditional casting defects, and can improve the strength, hardness, friction resistance and fatigue resistance of aluminum alloy materials.

Detailed ways

The invention provides an aluminum alloy brake seat material, which includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 10~40%, copper 0.5~5%, magnesium 0.03~5%, iron 0.01~6%, nickel 0.01~5%, manganese 0.02~2%, zirconium 0.01~3%, titanium 0.01~3%, vanadium 0.02 ~2%, boron 0.1~2%, and the balance is aluminum.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 10 to 40% of silicon, preferably 15 to 35%, and more preferably 20 to 30%.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.5 to 5% copper, preferably 1.0 to 4.5%, more preferably 1.5 to 4.0%, and even more preferably 2.0 to 3.0%. The invention uses copper elements to increase the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy, and at the same time enhances the fatigue resistance of the aluminum alloy.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.03 to 5% magnesium, preferably 0.5 to 4%, more preferably 0.8 to 3%, and further preferably 1.0 to 2.0%. The invention utilizes magnesium element and aluminum to form a magnesium-aluminum phase to improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.01 to 6% of iron, preferably 0.05 to 5%, more preferably 0.1 to 3.5%, and even more preferably 0.5 to 2.5%. The invention utilizes iron elements to improve the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.01 to 5% of nickel, preferably 0.03 to 5%, more preferably 0.1 to 3.5%, and even more preferably 0.5 to 2.5%.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.02 to 2% manganese, preferably 0.05 to 1.8%, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5%, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1.0%.

The invention adds specific contents of magnesium, nickel, iron and manganese elements to ensure the hardness of the aluminum alloy while increasing the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.01 to 3% zirconium, preferably 0.05 to 2.5%, more preferably 0.1 to 2.0%, and further preferably 0.5 to 1.5%. The invention uses zirconium element to enable the aluminum alloy to maintain better hardness and strength under high temperature environments, and improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the alloy under high temperatures.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.01 to 3% of titanium, preferably 0.05 to 1.8%, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5%, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1.0%. The present invention utilizes titanium and aluminum to form an Al ₃ Ti phase that is easy to precipitate, which can effectively strengthen the aluminum matrix, improve its strength and stiffness, and enable the aluminum alloy to still have good mechanical properties at high temperatures.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.02 to 2% of vanadium, preferably 0.05 to 1.8%, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5%, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1.0%. The invention utilizes vanadium and aluminum to form a thermally stable compound, which can maintain its shape at high temperatures and continuously strengthen the aluminum alloy, thereby improving the high temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes 0.1 to 2% boron, preferably 0.5 to 1.8%, more preferably 0.6 to 1.5%, and even more preferably 0.8 to 1.2%. Boron element can form aluminum diboride (AlB ₂ ) grains in aluminum alloys. These grains will form a hard protective layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy to improve the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy.

In terms of mass percentage, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention includes the balance aluminum.

The invention provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy brake seat material described in the above technical solution, which includes the following steps:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt to obtain an alloy liquid;

The alloy liquid is sequentially subjected to injection molding, forging, solid solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy brake seat material.

The present invention has no special limitations on the smelting, and it is sufficient to ensure that the raw materials are fully smelted according to processes well known in the art.

In the present invention, nitrogen gas is preferably used to spray-form the alloy liquid. The present invention has no special limitations on the specific process of injection molding, and it can be carried out according to processes well known in the art.

After completing the injection molding, the present invention preferably heat-treats the obtained blank; the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 400-800°C, more preferably 500-700°C, further preferably 550-600°C; the heating time is preferably 1 ~5h, more preferably 2-4h, even more preferably 2.5-3.5h.

In the present invention, the forging temperature is preferably 200-800°C, more preferably 300-600°C, and further preferably 400-500°C; the invention has no special limit on the forging time, which can be adjusted according to actual needs. That’s it.

In the present invention, the temperature of the solid solution treatment is preferably 300-800°C, more preferably 400-600°C, further preferably 450-500°C; the time is preferably 1-10h, more preferably 3-8h, further Preferably it is 5 to 6 hours.

In the present invention, after the solid solution treatment, the obtained specimen is preferably quenched within 10 to 20 seconds. The quenching water temperature is preferably 20 to 60°C, more preferably 30 to 50°C, and further preferably 35 to 50°C. 40°C; the quenching time is preferably 10 to 60 s, more preferably 20 to 50 s, and even more preferably 30 to 40 s.

In the present invention, the temperature of the aging treatment is preferably 150-300°C, more preferably 200-280°C, further preferably 220-250°C; the time is preferably 5-20h, more preferably 8-16h, further preferably It is 10~15h.

The present invention provides the aluminum alloy brake seat material described in the above technical solution or the application of the aluminum alloy brake seat material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in electromagnetic brakes. The present invention has no special limitation on the application method. The aluminum alloy brake seat material can be made into a brake seat for use in electromagnetic brakes according to methods well known in the art.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The aluminum alloy brake seat material provided in this embodiment includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 30%, copper 1.5%, magnesium 3%, iron 0.5%, nickel 3.5%, manganese 1.5%, zirconium 0.05%, titanium 3%, vanadium 0.5%, boron 0.5%, the balance is aluminum;

Preparation:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt at 800°C to obtain an alloy liquid;

Use nitrogen gas to spray-form the alloy liquid, heat the resulting blank at 600°C for 2 hours, preheat the mold to 400°C, and perform forging to obtain a forging;

After the forging is solution treated at 600°C for 5 hours, it is quenched within 15 seconds. The quenching water temperature is 50°C and the quenching time is 30 seconds;

After completing the quenching, the obtained specimen was aged at 200°C for 10 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy brake seat material.

Example 2

The aluminum alloy brake seat material provided in this embodiment includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 20%, copper 2%, magnesium 2%, iron 3.5%, nickel 2.5%, manganese 1.8%, zirconium 0.5%, titanium 1.5%, vanadium 2%, boron 1.2%, the balance is aluminum;

Preparation:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt at 800°C to obtain an alloy liquid;

Use nitrogen gas to spray-form the alloy liquid, heat the resulting blank at 550°C for 2.5 hours, preheat the mold to 400°C, and perform forging to obtain a forging;

After the forging is solution treated at 500°C for 8 hours, it is quenched within 15 seconds. The quenching water temperature is 30°C and the quenching time is 40 seconds;

After completing the quenching, the obtained specimen was aged at 200°C for 5 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy brake seat material.

Example 3

The aluminum alloy brake seat material provided in this embodiment includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 15%, copper 4%, magnesium 5%, iron 2.5%, nickel 0.5%, manganese 1%, zirconium 1.5%, titanium 1%, vanadium 1.0%, boron 1.5%, the balance is aluminum;

Preparation:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt at 800°C to obtain an alloy liquid;

Use nitrogen gas to spray-form the alloy liquid, heat the resulting blank at 400°C for 2 hours, preheat the mold to 300°C, and perform forging to obtain a forging;

After the forging is solution treated at 450°C for 6 hours, it is quenched within 15 seconds. The quenching water temperature is 30°C and the quenching time is 30 seconds;

After completing the quenching, the obtained specimen was aged at 250°C for 10 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy brake seat material.

Example 4

The aluminum alloy brake seat material provided in this embodiment includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 35%, copper 5%, magnesium 4%, iron 3.5%, nickel 0.05%, manganese 0.02%, zirconium 2.5%, titanium 0.05%, vanadium 0.1%, boron 0.8%, the balance is aluminum;

Preparation:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt at 800°C to obtain an alloy liquid;

Use nitrogen gas to spray-form the alloy liquid, heat the resulting blank at 800°C for 5 hours, preheat the mold to 200°C, and perform forging to obtain a forging;

After the forging is solution treated at 300°C for 2 hours, it is quenched within 15 seconds. The quenching water temperature is 20°C and the quenching time is 10 seconds;

After completing the quenching, the obtained specimen was aged at 150°C for 5 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy brake seat material.

Example 5

The aluminum alloy brake seat material provided in this embodiment includes the following chemical components in terms of mass percentage:

Silicon 40%, copper 3%, magnesium 0.5%, iron 5%, nickel 5%, manganese 0.05%, zirconium 3%, titanium 2%, vanadium 0.05%, boron 0.6%, the balance is aluminum;

Preparation:

Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt at 800°C to obtain an alloy liquid;

Use nitrogen gas to spray-form the alloy liquid, heat the resulting blank at 800°C for 5 hours, preheat the mold to 800°C, and perform forging to obtain a forging;

After the forging is solution treated at 800°C for 10 hours, it is quenched within 15 seconds. The quenching water temperature is 60°C and the quenching time is 50 seconds;

After completing the quenching, the obtained specimen was aged at 300°C for 15 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy brake seat material.

Comparative example 1

The only difference from Example 1 is that magnesium, nickel, iron and manganese elements are not added.

Comparative example 2

The only difference from Example 1 is that zirconium and titanium elements are not added.

test case

The performance of the aluminum alloy brake seat materials of Examples 1 to 5 was tested, and the obtained test data are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Performance test results of aluminum alloy brake seat materials of Examples 1 to 5

As can be seen from Table 1, the aluminum alloy brake seat material provided by the present invention has excellent heat resistance, wear resistance and high mechanical properties.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications can also be made. should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An aluminum alloy brake seat material, characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, it includes the following chemical components: Silicon 10~40%, copper 0.5~5%, magnesium 0.03~5%, iron 0.01~6%, nickel 0.01~5%, manganese 0.02~2%, zirconium 0.01~3%, titanium 0.01~3%, vanadium 0.02 ~2%, boron 0.1~2%, and the balance is aluminum. 2. The aluminum alloy brake seat material according to claim 1, characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, it includes the following chemical components: Silicon 15~35%, copper 1.0~4.5%, magnesium 0.5~1.8%, iron 0.05~5%, nickel 0.03~5%, manganese 0.05~1.8%, zirconium 0.05~2.5%, titanium 0.05~1.8%, vanadium 0.05 ~1.8%, boron 0.5~1.8%, and the balance is aluminum. 3. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy brake seat material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it includes the following steps: Mix the required raw materials according to the chemical component ratio and smelt to obtain an alloy liquid; The alloy liquid is sequentially subjected to injection molding, forging, solid solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy brake seat material. 4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that nitrogen gas is used to spray-form the alloy liquid. 5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that the forging temperature is 200-800°C. 6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 300-800°C and the time is 1-10 h. 7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that after the solid solution treatment, the obtained specimen is quenched, the quenching water temperature is 20-60°C, and the quenching time is 10-60 s. 8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature of the aging treatment is 150-300°C and the time is 5-20 hours. 9. Application of the aluminum alloy brake seat material according to claim 1 or 2 or the aluminum alloy brake seat material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 3 to 8 in electromagnetic brakes.