CN117257883A - 一种制备藿香正气口服液的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种制备藿香正气口服液的方法。该制备方法包括以下步骤:将厚朴经乙醇提取后,取提取液,得到第一药液,将苍术、陈皮、白芷加水蒸馏,收集蒸馏液,将蒸馏液静置分层后取上层挥发油,蒸馏后的药液与大腹皮、茯苓、生半夏、干姜经水提取后的药液合并,然后加入甘草浸膏,用乙醇醇沉,过滤去除沉淀,得到滤液;合并所述滤液与第一药液,回收乙醇,加入水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物以及分离挥发油后蒸馏液,进一步加水,调pH,静置,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。利用该方法制备的藿香正气口服液,口感显著提升,同时药品稳定性高,疗效好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种制备藿香正气口服液的方法。
背景技术
中医典籍中所说的藿香现在定名为“广藿香”,因主产于广东、海南而得。广藿香为唇形科植物,茎叶含有挥发油,主要成分为广藿香醇。中医认为广藿香能治病的原因是由于它气味芳香。据《药品化义》和《本草正义》中记载,按照中医理论,病疫以气染人,从口鼻吸入,先到了胃,而芳香能助清气、去恶气,所以气味芳香的广藿香善行胃气、醒脾,能治霍乱呕吐。
藿香正气处方由苍术、陈皮、厚朴、白芷、茯苓、大腹皮、半夏、甘草、广藿香和紫苏十味中药组成,具有解表化湿,理气和中之效,主治外感风寒,内伤湿滞诸症,是夏季常用解暑药物。其药理作用主要为止吐、镇痛、解痉、增强细胞免疫功能和抑菌。
藿香正气口服液,现为《中华人民共和国药典》2020版标准,制法为:以上十味,厚朴(姜制)加60%乙醇加热回流1小时,取乙醇液备用;苍术、陈皮、白芷加水蒸馏,收集包含挥发油的蒸馏液,蒸馏后的水溶液滤过,备用;大腹皮加水煎煮二次,滤过;茯苓加水煮沸后于80℃温浸二次,滤过;生半夏用水泡至透心后,另加干姜6.8g,加水煎煮二次,滤过;合并上述各滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.20(50℃)的清膏,加入甘草浸膏,混匀,加入2倍量乙醇使沉淀,滤过,滤液与厚朴乙醇提取液合并,回收乙醇,加入吐温80与广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物及上述蒸馏液,混匀,加水使全量成1025ml,用氢氧化钠溶液调节PH值至5.8~6.2,静置,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。但其口感较差,患者体验不好。
发明内容
现有技术生产的藿香正气口服液,配制过程中加入辅料吐温80做增溶剂,使蒸馏液中的挥发油溶解到水性药液中,吐温80的使用导致药液口感较差,患者依从性低。针对上述弊端,本发明提供了一种制备藿香正气口服液的方法,利用该方法生产的藿香正气口服液,口感显著优于现有工艺,同时产品质量更稳定。
具体来说,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
一种制备藿香正气口服液的方法,包括以下步骤:
将厚朴(姜制)经乙醇提取后,取乙醇提取液,得到第一药液;
将苍术、陈皮、白芷加水蒸馏,收集蒸馏液,将蒸馏液静置分层后取上层挥发油,蒸馏后的水溶液及药渣滤过,得到第二药液;
将大腹皮加水煎煮,煎煮后的煎液及药渣滤过,得到第三药液;
将茯苓加水煮沸后温浸,温浸后的水溶液及药渣滤过,得到第四药液;
将生半夏、干姜加水煎煮,煎煮后的煎液及药渣滤过,得到第五药液;
合并所述第二药液、第三药液、第四药液、第五药液,浓缩至清膏,然后加入甘草浸膏,用乙醇醇沉,过滤去除沉淀,得到滤液;
合并所述滤液与所述第一药液,回收乙醇,加入水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物以及分离挥发油后的蒸馏液,进一步加水,调pH,静置,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。
本发明将配制过程中加入的辅料吐温80替换为水溶性环糊精,其可以实现对挥发油的包合,不仅明显改善了藿香正气口服液口感,同时还提高了藿香正气口服液中挥发油的有效成分,增加了产品稳定性和疗效,取得了意料不到的技术效果。
作为优选,所述水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物的制备方法如下:
1)将水溶性环糊精与蒸馏水以体积比为1:0.9~1.1混合,40~50℃下搅拌,使环糊精全部溶解,得到水溶性环糊精溶液;
2)取一定量所述水溶性环糊精溶液,保持40~50℃的温度,搅拌状态下依次加入挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油,300~500转/分钟下继续搅拌4~6h,得到挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的环糊精包合物溶液;
步骤2)中,水溶性环糊精溶液的体积相对于挥发油、广藿香油和紫苏叶油的总体积的比例为9~11:1。
试验发现,采用上述条件制备水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物,所得藿香正气口服液的口感和稳定性最优。
作为优选,所述厚朴、苍术、陈皮、白芷、大腹皮、茯苓、生半夏、干姜均为粉末状。将药材粉碎成细粉,增大与溶剂接触表面积,可大幅降低溶剂使用量和煎煮时间。
作为优选,所述将厚朴经乙醇提取具体为:厚朴加体积比浓度为50~80%的乙醇溶液,加热回流提取0.5~3小时。
作为优选,将所述苍术、陈皮、白芷加水蒸馏的时间为4~8小时,温度为97~103℃。
作为优选,所述将茯苓加水煮沸后温浸,具体为:将茯苓加水煮沸后降温至75~85℃,温浸3小时。
进一步优选的,所述浓缩至清膏为浓缩至50℃相对密度为1.10~1.20。
进一步优选的,所述调pH为用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至5.8~6.2。
进一步优选的,以重量份计,所述苍术、陈皮、厚朴、半夏、白芷、大腹皮、茯苓、甘草浸膏的用量配比为80:80:80:80:120:120:120:10;
以所述甘草浸膏的用量为1g计,所述广藿香油的用量为0.08 mL,紫苏叶油的用量为0.04 mL。
本发明还提供一种藿香正气口服液,其根据上述的制备方法制备得到。
本发明的有益效果至少在于:
本发明提供的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,采用水溶性环糊精包合广藿香油、紫苏叶油、挥发油,不仅使挥发油能溶解在水性药液里,更进一步提高了药品稳定性,增加了疗效;同时,采用水溶性环糊精后的藿香正气口服液口感要显著优于采用传统辅料吐温80的制备工艺,能极大程度提高患者依从性;工艺简单,适合工业化生产。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中需要使用的附图作简单介绍,显而易见,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1制备藿香正气口服液的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件,或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可通过正规渠道商购买得到的常规产品。
其中,甘草浸膏购自:新疆阿拉尔新农甘草产业有限责任公司;
广藿香油购自:江西安邦药业有限公司;
紫苏叶油购自:厂家自提;
水溶性环糊精:山东聊城安信药用辅料有限公司。
实施例1
实施例1提供了一种藿香正气口服液,处方为:苍术80g、陈皮80g、厚朴80g、白芷120g、大腹皮120g、茯苓120g、生半夏80g、甘草浸膏10g、广藿香油0.8mL、紫苏叶油0.4mL。
制备方法,可部分参考图1:
厚朴(姜制)粉碎,加60%乙醇加热回流提取1小时,得到厚朴乙醇提取液;
苍术、陈皮、白芷粉碎,加6倍重量水,100℃±3℃下蒸馏6小时,收集蒸馏液,将蒸馏液静置分层后取上层挥发油备用(得挥发油0.4mL),蒸馏后的水溶液及药渣滤过,备用;
大腹皮粉碎,加水煎煮,煎煮后的煎液及药渣滤过,备用;
茯苓粉碎,加水煮沸后立刻降温至约80℃,温浸二次,温浸后的水溶液及药渣滤过,备用;
生半夏用水泡至透心后,另加干姜6.8g,加水煎煮二次,煎煮后的煎液及药渣滤过,备用;
将水溶性环糊精与蒸馏水以体积比为1:1混合,40~50℃下搅拌,使环糊精全部溶解,得到水溶性环糊精溶液;保持40~50℃的温度,搅拌状态下依次加入挥发油0.4mL、广藿香油0.8mL、紫苏叶油0.4mL,300~500转/分钟下继续搅拌4~6h,得到挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的环糊精包合物溶液(其中水溶性环糊精溶液的体积相对于挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的总体积的比例为10:1);
合并上述各滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.20(50℃)的清膏,加入甘草浸膏,混匀,加入2倍量乙醇使沉淀,滤过,滤液与厚朴乙醇提取液合并,回收乙醇,加入水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物及上述分离挥发油后的蒸馏液,混匀,加水使全量成1025mL,用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至5.8~6.2,静置,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的区别仅在于,将水溶性环糊精替换为14g吐温80。
试验例
1、保存时间稳定性试验
取实施例1和对比例1制得的藿香正气口服液,在室温下观察,记录其3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月时的颜色、澄明度、pH值、相对密度、广藿香油、紫苏叶油鉴别。结果如表1所示。
表1 藿香正气口服液稳定性试验结果
2、口感对比试验
实施例1制得的藿香正气口服液与对比例1相比,口感大为改观,味辛,微甜,辛辣刺激味减轻,甜味增加,适口性良好,病人容易口服。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将厚朴经乙醇提取后,取乙醇提取液,得到第一药液;
将苍术、陈皮、白芷加水蒸馏,收集蒸馏液,将蒸馏液静置分层后取上层挥发油,蒸馏后的水溶液及药渣滤过,得到第二药液;
将大腹皮加水煎煮,煎煮后的煎液及药渣滤过,得到第三药液;
将茯苓加水煮沸后温浸,温浸后的水溶液及药渣滤过,得到第四药液;
将生半夏、干姜加水煎煮,煎煮后的煎液及药渣滤过,得到第五药液;
合并所述第二药液、第三药液、第四药液、第五药液,浓缩至清膏,然后加入甘草浸膏,用乙醇醇沉,过滤去除沉淀,得到滤液;
合并所述滤液与所述第一药液,回收乙醇,加入水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物以及分离挥发油后的蒸馏液,进一步加水,调pH,静置,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述水溶性环糊精、挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的混合物的制备方法如下:
1)将水溶性环糊精与蒸馏水以体积比为1:0.9~1.1混合,40~50℃下搅拌,使环糊精全部溶解,得到水溶性环糊精溶液;
2)取一定量所述水溶性环糊精溶液,保持40~50℃的温度,搅拌状态下依次加入挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油,300~500转/分钟下继续搅拌4~6h,得到挥发油、广藿香油、紫苏叶油的环糊精包合物溶液;
步骤2)中,水溶性环糊精溶液的体积相对于挥发油、广藿香油和紫苏叶油的总体积的比例为9~11:1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述厚朴、苍术、陈皮、白芷、大腹皮、茯苓、生半夏、干姜均为粉末状。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述将厚朴经乙醇提取具体为:厚朴加体积比浓度为50~80%的乙醇溶液,加热回流提取0.5~3小时。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,将所述苍术、陈皮、白芷加水蒸馏的时间为4~8小时,温度为97~103℃。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述将茯苓加水煮沸后温浸,具体为:将茯苓加水煮沸后降温至75~85℃,温浸3小时。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述浓缩至清膏为浓缩至50℃相对密度为1.10~1.20。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述调pH为用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至5.8~6.2。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备藿香正气口服液的方法,其特征在于,所述苍术、陈皮、厚朴、半夏、白芷、大腹皮、茯苓、甘草浸膏的用量配比为80:80:80:80:120:120:120:10;
以所述甘草浸膏的用量为1g计,所述广藿香油的用量为0.08 mL,紫苏叶油的用量为0.04 mL。
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