CN117092013A - Material ageing experimental device - Google Patents
Material ageing experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117092013A CN117092013A CN202311352016.4A CN202311352016A CN117092013A CN 117092013 A CN117092013 A CN 117092013A CN 202311352016 A CN202311352016 A CN 202311352016A CN 117092013 A CN117092013 A CN 117092013A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/002—Test chambers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/004—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light to light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The application discloses a material aging experiment device which comprises a water tank, a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode and a sample fixing device, wherein experiment liquid is injected into the water tank, the sample fixing device is used for fixing a sample in an electric field formed between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and the experiment liquid in the water tank covers at least part of the surface of the sample. The material aging experimental device provided by the application enables a sample to be simultaneously affected by at least an electric field, solution soaking and the like, so that experiments can be effectively conducted on physical and chemical properties of polymer materials such as silicone rubber, epoxy resin and the like and experimental researches on water absorption and permeability changes under the action of multiple factors.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of industrial material testing, in particular to a material aging experimental device.
Background
The silicone rubber is a main material of the umbrella skirt and the sheath of the composite insulator, and is an important external insulating material. When the composite insulator is hung on a net to run, the silicone rubber is affected by multiple factors such as electricity, heat, stress, pollution, moisture and the like, ageing can occur on the silicone rubber, and meanwhile, moisture possibly enters the interface of the sheath and the core rod due to water absorption and water permeability, so that the safe running of the composite insulator is seriously affected.
The prior art lacks an experimental box capable of researching the physical and chemical properties of common polymer materials such as silicone rubber, epoxy resin and the like under the action of multiple factors and the change of water absorption and permeability.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problems of experimental study on physical and chemical properties and water absorption and permeability change of polymer materials under the action of multiple factors, and provides a material aging experimental device.
The technical problems of the application are solved by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a material ageing experimental apparatus, includes basin, high-voltage electrode, earth electrode and sample fixing device, the basin pours into experimental liquid into, sample fixing device is fixed in the sample in the electric field that forms between high-voltage electrode and the earth electrode, experimental liquid in the basin covers the at least partial surface of sample.
In some embodiments, the sample fixing device is a clamping device, the clamping device comprises a pair of clamps and an adjusting bolt, the clamps clamp the sample respectively, the adjusting bolt is connected with the clamps and is used for adjusting the stretching force of the clamps to the sample, and a tension sensor is arranged between the clamps and the adjusting bolt.
In some embodiments, the device further comprises an infusion device for inputting the test liquid into the water tank and a heating device for heating the test liquid and providing a thermal field to the sample.
In some embodiments, the heating device is disposed inside a tank bottom of the water tank.
In some embodiments, a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank, the infusion device, the heating device and the temperature sensor are connected with a control module, and the temperature of the liquid and/or the concentration of the solution of the liquid in the water tank are controlled by controlling the output of the infusion device and the heating device.
In some embodiments, the infusion device includes a reservoir and a catheter that connects or drops the fluid to the sink, the catheter having a flow valve disposed thereon.
In some embodiments, the device further comprises a tank, the water tank is arranged at the bottom of the tank, the grounding electrode is arranged in the water tank, and the high-voltage electrode is arranged above the grounding electrode.
In some embodiments, the high voltage electrode is suspended from a bracket mounted on the housing.
In some embodiments, the upper portion of the housing has an opening, and the bracket spans the opening.
In some embodiments, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a recess for placing the ground electrode.
In other embodiments, the housing is provided with a drain opening that is connected to the sink.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the material aging experimental device, the sample is fixed in the electric field through the sample fixing device, and meanwhile, experimental liquid covers at least part of the surface of the sample through the design of matching of the water tanks, so that the sample can be influenced by at least the electric field, the stretching force and the solution soaking, further, the heating device is also introduced to provide a heating field for the sample, the stretching force applied to the sample can be increased conveniently and continuously in a rotating adjusting bolt mode in the design of the sample fixing device, and the force sensor enables the stretching force applied to the sample in the horizontal direction to be measured accurately. Therefore, experimental researches on physical and chemical properties, and water absorption and permeability changes of polymer materials such as silicone rubber, epoxy resin and the like are effectively carried out under the action of multiple factors.
Further, in the design of the box body, the liquid storage tank and the water outlet, the bottom of the box body is paved with a heating device in an interlayer mode, when the box body material has good heat conductivity, the solution in the experiment box can be conveniently heated, meanwhile, the heating power is adjusted by matching with the thermometer, and the temperature of the solution can be ensured to be kept within a certain range; the solution is continuously dripped into the water tank through the liquid storage tank and is discharged through the water outlet, so that the concentration of the solution can be kept within a certain range.
Further, in the design of the high-voltage electrode, the grounding electrode and the sample fixing device, the length of the box body can be prolonged, the influence between electrode pairs can be reduced, a plurality of pairs of electrodes can be arranged, and the experimental variable can be controlled to be the electric field strength by adjusting the height of the high-voltage electrode; through rotatory adjusting bolt, can control experimental variable to be tensile force for the experiment has the contrast.
Other advantages of embodiments of the present application are further described below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for ageing of materials according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of an exemplary material burn-in apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an exemplary material burn-in apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a front view of an experimental apparatus for aging of materials according to an embodiment of the present application;
the reference numerals are as follows:
1-box, 2-support, 31-liquid storage tank, 32-flow valve, 33-catheter, 4-high voltage electrode, 41-connecting wire, 5-ground electrode, 6-sample fixing device, 61-fixture, 62-tension sensor, 63-adjusting bolt, 7-outlet.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the following drawings in conjunction with the preferred embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the terms of left, right, upper, lower, top, bottom, etc. are merely relative terms, or refer to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
One embodiment shows a material aging test device, which comprises a box body 1, a support 2, a transfusion device (such as a liquid storage tank 31 and a liquid guide tube 33), a heating device, a high-voltage electrode 4, a grounding electrode 5, a water tank, a sample fixing device 6 and a water outlet 7, wherein test liquid is injected into the water tank, the sample fixing device fixes a sample in an electric field formed between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and the test liquid in the water tank covers at least part of the surface of the sample. The experimental liquid used can be water, salt solution and acid or alkali solution in a certain concentration range. The structure of the material aging test apparatus of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 is a left side view, fig. 3 is a top view, and fig. 4 is a front view.
The material aging experimental device of the embodiment can be regarded as an experimental box, and the structure and the functions of each part of the experimental box are as follows:
the material of the box body 1 is an insulating material; if the material of the box body 1 is metal, the inner surface is provided with an insulating layer such as high-heat-conductivity ceramic, and if the metal adopted by the box body 1 or the insulating layer on the surface cannot resist solution corrosion for a long time, the inner surface of the box body 1 is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating. The four side walls of the box body 1 have a certain thickness so as to ensure the structural strength; the lower surface inside the box body 1 is provided with a water tank design, a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank, the infusion device 3, the heating device and the temperature sensor are connected with a control module, and the output of the infusion device 3 and the heating device is controlled to control the liquid temperature and/or the liquid concentration in the water tank. The width of the water tank is larger than or equal to the diameter or side length of the grounding electrode, and the height of the water tank is slightly lower than the adjusting bolt 63, so that liquid cannot flow out of the screw hole; the bottom of the box body 1 is thicker, a heating device such as a resistance wire is placed in the box body through an interlayer, and the heating capacity of the heating device can be adjusted.
The bracket 2 is made of insulating materials with certain strength, such as PVC, and is connected with the box body 1 stably by means of threaded connection or bonding and the like, and has certain structural strength, the upper part of the box body 1 is provided with an opening, and the bracket 2 is bridged on the opening.
The infusion set includes a solution reservoir device, such as a reservoir 31, made of a corrosion resistant material, such as PVC. The top of the liquid storage tank 31 is opened or provided with a top cover which can be opened and closed; is connected with the bracket 2 by bonding and the like, and ensures the structural strength when the bracket is filled with liquid. The flow valve 32 is adjustable. The liquid guide tube 33 is connected with the flow valve 32, and the liquid flow through the liquid guide tube 33 can be controlled by the flow valve 32; the liquid guide tube 33 is connected with the bottom of the liquid storage tank 31 and is communicated with the bottom of the liquid storage tank 31, so that liquid in the liquid storage tank 31 can be dripped into the tank body 1 through the liquid guide tube 33; the length of the catheter 33 may be suitably extended so that the dripping liquid does not generate significant splashing.
The hanging high-voltage electrode 4 is provided with a connecting wire 41 made of a conducting wire, and the strength of the hanging high-voltage electrode 4 is ensured; the connection line 41 has a length sufficient to allow the hanging height of the high-voltage electrode 4 to be adjusted between the bottom of the inner surface of the case 1 to the lower surface of the bracket 2; the top of the connecting wire 41 is connected to a screw, the screw is connected with the support 2 in a threaded connection mode, the hanging height of the high-voltage electrode 4 is adjusted by rotating the screw, and the hanging height is ensured not to be changed in the experiment; the connection point of the connection line 41 and the bracket 2 is fixed so as to ensure that the vertical projection position of the high-voltage electrode 4 at the bottom of the inner surface of the box body 1 is unchanged. The electrode plate of the high-voltage electrode 4 is parallel to the ground electrode 5, and can be achieved by connecting the connection lines 41. The connection lines 41 of the respective high-voltage electrodes 4 may be connected to the same power source through wires.
The ground electrode 5 is connected to an external ground electrode by a wire using an inert electrode or a metal electrode; the ground electrode 5 is in a liquid immersed state in the experiment, and is preferably replaceable, in order to ensure that the relative position between the ground electrode 5 and the high-voltage electrode 4 is unchanged, the ground electrode 5 is not connected with the box 1, but the bottom of the box 1 is preferably provided with a flat recess with the same radius as the ground electrode 5 and smaller depth, and the recess is exactly coincident with the high-voltage electrode 4 corresponding to the ground electrode 5 in the top view of the device, so that the position of the ground electrode 5 before and after replacement is kept fixed. The grounding electrode 5 is parallel to the high-voltage electrode 4, the shape and the size of the grounding electrode are the same, the grounding electrode can be round or rectangular, and the area of the polar plate is larger than that of the silicon rubber sample.
The sample holder 6 employs a clamping device. The clamp 61 is made of a corrosion-resistant insulating material or is made of a metal clamp surface covered with an insulating layer, can clamp a sample with a certain thickness range, and cannot relatively displace or fall off from the sample under the action of horizontal tensile force. The surface of the tension sensor 62 is subjected to waterproof treatment. The adjusting bolt 63 can be replaced; the length of the adjusting bolt 63 inside and outside the box body 1 is adjusted by the adjusting bolt 63 through a screw hole formed in the side wall of the box body 1, the adjusting bolt is stable after being adjusted, and displacement cannot occur under the action of certain tensile force; the threaded connection between the adjusting bolt 63 and the screw hole formed in the case 1 is relatively tight. The tension sensor 62 is connected with the clamp 61 and the adjusting bolt 63 through connecting pieces made of materials with high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, so that the connecting pieces are prevented from breaking in the experimental tension range.
The lower end of the water outlet 7 is slightly lower than the water tank at the bottom of the box body 1, so that the liquid in the water tank can be discharged through the water outlet 7 without overflowing the water tank.
The using method comprises the following steps:
step one: the parts of the laboratory box were cleaned with deionized water and waited for recovery to dryness. The sample was cut into a suitable size specimen, the surface of the specimen was wiped clean with absolute ethanol, washed with deionized water and left to dry.
Step two: according to the simulation result, the high-voltage electrode 4 is adjusted to a proper height. The sample is clamped by the clamp 61 and then the adjusting bolt 63 is turned outwards, and the average value of the readings from the two tension sensors 62 is taken as the final tension, so that the final tension is the same as the tension required for the experiment.
Step three: the flow valve 32 of the liquid reservoir 31 was adjusted to a closed state, and the solution required for the experiment was added thereto. The flow valve 32 of the liquid storage tank 31 is opened, and the solution required for the experiment is added into the water tank of the experiment box until the liquid level covers the bottom of the sample.
Step four: the heating device at the bottom of the box body 1 is opened, the temperature is measured, and the power is adjusted to ensure that the temperature of the solution in the experiment box is stabilized at the temperature required by the experiment. The flow valve 32 of the liquid storage tank 31 is adjusted to ensure that the dropping rate of the solution is larger than the evaporating rate of the solution, so that the liquid level covers the bottom of the sample.
Step five: the high-voltage electrode 4 is connected to a power supply, and the ground electrode 5 is connected to a ground electrode, and then the voltage is adjusted to a specified value.
Step six: after the specified treatment time for the experiment was reached, the voltage was reduced to 0 and the power supply, heating device and flow valve 32 were turned off. After the device and sample were subjected to the ground discharge operation, the adjusting bolt 63 was rotated to the tension sensor reading of 0, and then the aged sample was removed from the jig 61. The liquid in the liquid storage tank 31 and the experiment box was emptied, washed with deionized water and left to dry.
Step seven: other experiments were performed on the aged samples.
The material ageing experimental device that this embodiment shows, it has electric field, thermal field and tensile force effect, simultaneously through setting the liquid level to half of sample height, still can contrast observation multi-factor effect down the influence of solution to silicone rubber. Besides silicone rubber, the embodiment can be used for other common polymer materials such as epoxy resin and the like.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the application in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the application be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several equivalent substitutions and obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, and the same should be considered to be within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The material aging experiment device is characterized by comprising a water tank, a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode and a sample fixing device, wherein the water tank is filled with experiment liquid, the sample fixing device is used for fixing a sample in an electric field formed between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and the experiment liquid in the water tank covers at least part of the surface of the sample.
2. The material aging test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sample fixing means is a clamping means, the clamping means includes a pair of clamps and an adjusting bolt, the pair of clamps respectively clamp the sample, the adjusting bolt is connected to the clamps for adjusting a tensile force of the pair of clamps to the sample, and a tension sensor is provided between the clamps and the adjusting bolt.
3. The material degradation testing device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an infusion device for inputting a test liquid into the water tank and a heating device for heating the test liquid and providing a thermal field to the sample.
4. A material aging test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the heating means is provided inside the tank bottom of the water tank.
5. The material aging test device according to claim 3, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank, the infusion device, the heating device and the temperature sensor are connected with a control module, and the temperature of the liquid and/or the concentration of the liquid in the water tank are controlled by controlling the output of the infusion device and the heating device.
6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the infusion device comprises a liquid reservoir and a liquid conduit, the liquid conduit being connected to the water tank or dripping liquid into the water tank, the liquid conduit being provided with a flow valve.
7. The material aging test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a tank, wherein the water tank is provided at a bottom of the tank, the ground electrode is provided in the water tank, and the high-voltage electrode is provided above the ground electrode.
8. The material degradation testing device of claim 7, further comprising a bracket mounted to the housing, wherein the high voltage electrode is suspended from the bracket.
9. The material degradation testing device of claim 8, wherein the upper portion of the housing has an opening, and the bracket straddles the opening.
10. The material aging test device according to claim 7, wherein the bottom of the water tank is provided with a recess for placing the ground electrode; the box body is provided with a water outlet connected with the water tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311352016.4A CN117092013A (en) | 2023-10-19 | 2023-10-19 | Material ageing experimental device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311352016.4A CN117092013A (en) | 2023-10-19 | 2023-10-19 | Material ageing experimental device |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN117368620A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-09 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Composite insulator aging experimental device |
| CN118362456A (en) * | 2024-06-20 | 2024-07-19 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Composite insulator water absorption detection device and method |
| CN119394781A (en) * | 2025-01-02 | 2025-02-07 | 常州市丰国电器有限公司 | Tensile detection device is used in cable production |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117368620A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-09 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Composite insulator aging experimental device |
| CN117368620B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-04-12 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Composite insulator aging experimental device |
| CN118362456A (en) * | 2024-06-20 | 2024-07-19 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Composite insulator water absorption detection device and method |
| CN119394781A (en) * | 2025-01-02 | 2025-02-07 | 常州市丰国电器有限公司 | Tensile detection device is used in cable production |
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Application publication date: 20231121 |