CN116599812A

CN116599812A - Communication method and communication device

Info

Publication number: CN116599812A
Application number: CN202310573411.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁勇; 云翔
Original assignee: Baicells Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Baicells Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-19
Filing date: 2023-05-19
Publication date: 2023-08-15

Abstract

The application provides a communication method and a communication device. The method comprises the following steps: compensating the synchronous deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to a first change rate and a second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame; and sending the second signal so that the phase difference of the second signal transmitted through the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value. Thus, the synchronization deviation and/or phase offset of the signals can be compensated, and joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement can be conveniently carried out by utilizing different time units.

Description

Communication method and communication device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and a communication device.

Background

In a terrestrial communication system, the propagation time of a radio signal between a terminal device and a network device (e.g., a base station) varies, which causes a synchronization deviation of an uplink signal or a downlink signal. For an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) signal, a synchronization bias of the signal in the time domain means that the phase of the subcarriers of the signal in the frequency domain changes over time, i.e. the phase shifts. Then, in the case where joint channel estimation or signal combining enhancement using a plurality of OFDM symbols or a plurality of slots (slots) is required, the phase offset may negatively affect the reception performance, resulting in an increase in block error rate (BLER).

However, in satellite communication or non-terrestrial networks (non-terrestrial network, NTN), due to the faster movement speed of the satellites and/or the terminal devices, the synchronization bias caused may be larger, resulting in a larger phase offset between different OFDM symbols or different time slots, which may not be effective for joint channel estimation or signal combining enhancement.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a communication method and a communication device, which can compensate synchronous deviation and/or phase deviation of signals, and are convenient for joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement by using different time units.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of communication, the method comprising:

compensating the synchronous deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to a first change rate and a second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame;

and sending the second signal so that the phase difference of the second signal transmitted through the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of communication, the method comprising:

receiving a first signal;

and compensating the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal after the link transmission according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame, and the phase difference between different time units of the second signal is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication method comprising:

the first communication device compensates the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal according to a first change rate, so as to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device;

the first communication device sends a second signal to the second communication device, so that the second communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a second change rate to obtain a third signal, wherein the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication method comprising:

the second communication device receives a second signal sent by the first communication device, wherein the second signal is obtained by compensating the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to a first change rate, and the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device;

the second communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a second change rate to obtain a third signal, wherein the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

the first communication device receives a second signal sent by a second communication device, wherein the second signal is obtained by the second communication device by compensating the synchronous deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to a second change rate, the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

The first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a first change rate, so as to obtain a third signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

the second communication device compensates the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal according to a second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

the second communication device sends a second signal to the first communication device so that the first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a first change rate to obtain a third signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In any one of the first to sixth aspects and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, the method further includes:

a first rate of change is determined based on the position information of the first communication device and ephemeris information of the satellite.

the second rate of change is determined based on a third rate of change provided by the second communication device or the core network equipment, the third rate of change being a rate of change of round trip transmission time between the synchronization reference point and the satellite.

and determining a second change rate according to the position information of the synchronous reference point and the ephemeris information of the satellite.

In any one of the first to sixth aspects and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, compensating for a synchronization bias of the signal according to a rate of change includes:

obtaining synchronous deviation values of a plurality of units according to the change rate, the first time length and the first time unit, wherein the first time length is the transmission time length of the signals, the first time length is divided into the plurality of units according to the first time unit, and the synchronous deviation values of the units are the synchronous deviation values of the signals at the unit time of the units;

And adjusting the time of the signal sampling point corresponding to the unit according to the synchronous deviation value of one unit and one sampling interval aiming at the synchronous deviation value of each unit.

In any one of the first to sixth aspects and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, compensating for a phase offset of the signal according to a rate of change includes:

and adjusting the phase of each subcarrier of the transmission signal corresponding to each unit according to the phase offset corresponding to the synchronous offset value of each unit.

In any one of the first to sixth aspects and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, compensating for synchronization bias and phase offset of the signal according to the rate of change includes:

And aiming at the synchronous deviation value of each unit, when the result obtained by the synchronous deviation value of one unit and one sampling interval quotient is not an integer, adjusting the moment of a signal sampling point corresponding to the unit according to the integer part of the result, and adjusting the phase of each subcarrier of the transmission signal corresponding to the unit according to the decimal part of the result.

In any one of the above first to sixth aspects and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, the unit time of one unit includes any one of a start time, an intermediate time, and an end time of one unit.

In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus comprising: means for performing the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect to the sixth aspect described above.

In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a satellite communication system comprising:

a satellite, a second communication device and a first communication device for performing the method of the first aspect and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect;

alternatively, a satellite, a first communication device and a second communication device for performing the method of the first aspect and any one of the possible designs of the first aspect;

Alternatively, a satellite, a second communication device and a first communication device for performing the second aspect and any one of the possible designs of the second aspect;

alternatively, a satellite, a first communication device and a second communication device for performing the method of the second aspect and any one of the possible designs of the second aspect;

or a satellite, a first communication device for performing the method of the third aspect and any one of the possible designs of the third aspect and a second communication device for performing the method of the fourth aspect and any one of the possible designs of the fourth aspect;

or a satellite, a first communication device for performing the method of the fifth aspect and any one of the possible designs of the fifth aspect and a second communication device for performing the method of the sixth aspect and any one of the possible designs of the sixth aspect.

In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus comprising: a processor and a memory. The memory has stored therein a computer program or computer instructions for invoking and executing the computer program or computer instructions stored in the memory, such that the processor implements the method in any of the possible designs of any of the first to sixth aspects.

Optionally, the communication device further comprises a transceiver, and the processor is configured to control the transceiver to transmit and receive signals.

In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device comprising a processor. The processor is configured to invoke a computer program or computer instructions stored therein to cause the processor to implement the method in any of the possible designs of any of the first to sixth aspects.

In an eleventh aspect, the present application provides a chip apparatus comprising a processor for invoking a computer program or instructions in the memory to cause the processor to perform the method in any of the possible designs of any of the first to sixth aspects.

Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory through an interface.

In a twelfth aspect, the present application provides a chip comprising: an interface circuit for receiving signals from or transmitting signals to other chips than the chip, and a logic circuit for implementing the method in any one of the possible designs of the first to sixth aspects.

In a thirteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer-executable program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause a communication device to implement a method in any one of the possible designs of any one of the first to sixth aspects.

In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising: executing instructions stored in a readable storage medium from which at least one processor of the communication device can read, the at least one processor executing the executing instructions causing the communication device to implement the method in any one of the possible designs of any one of the first to sixth aspects.

From the above technical solution, the technical solution of the present application has the following advantages:

the communication device can compensate for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset caused by a user link between the satellite and the first communication device and a feed link between the satellite and a synchronization reference point according to the first change rate and the second change rate, and can obtain signals with smaller phase difference between different time units. Thus, the communication device can utilize different time units to perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement, thereby reducing the negative influence of phase offset on the receiving performance and reducing the block error rate.

The communication method of the application is applicable to uplink signal compensation and also applicable to downlink signal compensation. The communication method of the application can be suitable for pre-compensation before signal transmission and post-compensation after signal reception. The communication method of the application can be applied to the respective compensation of the signals in the user link and the feeder link, and also applied to the common compensation of the signals in the user link and the feeder link.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic hardware structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic hardware structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c alone may represent: a alone, b alone, c alone, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, b and c, or a combination of a, b and c, wherein a, b, c may be single or plural. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The application provides a communication method which can be applied to a satellite communication system, a high altitude platform (high altitude platform station, HAPS) communication system, an unmanned aerial vehicle and other NTN systems, such as a communication and navigation integrated (integrated communication and navigation, ican) system, a global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS) and an ultra-dense LEO satellite communication system. The satellite communication system may be integrated with a conventional terrestrial communication system. The conventional terrestrial communication system may be a fourth generation (the 4th generation,4G) communication system (e.g., a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (worldwide interoperability for microwave access, wiMAX) communication system, a fifth generation (the 5 g) communication system (e.g., a New Radio (NR) system), a sixth generation (the 6th generation,6G) communication system, a future mobile communication system, etc.

Next, taking a satellite communication system as an example, fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the satellite communication system 10 of the present application may include: satellite 11, terminal device 12, and gateway device 13.

Wherein the satellite 11 may comprise one or more. Terminal device 12 may include one or more. The present application is not limited to the number of satellites 11 and terminal devices 12 included in the satellite communication system 10. In addition, in some examples, the terminal device 12 may be fixed in location or may be movable.

The satellites 11 and 11 communicate via inter-satellite links (ISLs). Uplink and downlink communications may be made between the satellite 11 and the terminal device 12 via a user link. The satellite 11 may be connected to the gateway device 13 so that uplink and downlink communication between the satellite 11 and the gateway device 13 may be performed through a feeder link. In addition, the user link may also be referred to as a service link (service link).

Satellite 11, terminal device 12, and gateway device 13 may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, hand-held or vehicle-mounted; or deployed on the water surface; or on aerial planes, balloons, and satellites. The present application does not limit the application scenario of the satellite 11, the terminal device 12, and the gateway device 13.

The satellite 11 may be, among other things, a LEO satellite, a non-stationary earth orbit (non-geostationary earth orbit, NGEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (middle earth orbit, MEO) satellite or a geosynchronous orbit (geostationary earth orbit, GEO) satellite. The satellite 11 may be a stationary orbit satellite, a middle orbit satellite, a low orbit satellite, or the like.

The satellite 11 may provide communication services, navigation services, positioning services, etc. to the terminal device 12 via multiple beams. The satellite 11 covers the serving cell with multiple beams, different beams being communicable through one or more of time, frequency and space division. The satellite 11 communicates wirelessly with the terminal device 12 by broadcasting communication signals, navigation signals, and the like, and the satellite 11 can communicate wirelessly with the gateway device 13. The satellite 11 according to the present application may be a satellite base station, or may include an orbit receiver or a repeater for relaying information, or may be a network device mounted on the satellite.

Generally, the satellite communication system 10 includes a pass-through satellite architecture and a non-pass-through satellite architecture. The gateway device 13 is a gateway station and a base station.

Transparent transmission is also called bend transfer transmission, i.e. the signal is only subjected to frequency conversion, signal amplification and the like on the satellite 11, and the satellite 11 is transparent to the signal. Equivalently, the satellite 11 is only considered as a signal repeater or radio frequency repeater, and the gateway station device 13 is part of a gateway and located on the ground, i.e. the base station is deployed on the gateway station device 13 as part of a ground network.

The non-transparent transmission is also called regenerative (access/processing on satellite) transmission, i.e. the satellite 11 has some or all of the base station functionality. Equivalently, the base station is deployed on the satellite 11, and the inter-satellite link between the satellite and the satellite is similar to the Xn interface communication process between the ground base station, and the feeder link between the satellite 11 and the gateway device 13 is actually part of the backhaul network between the base station and the core network device.

In some examples, satellite communication system 10 in fig. 1 may be a pass-through satellite architecture.

Terminal device 12 may refer to, among other things, a user device, an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user apparatus. The terminal device 12 may also be a satellite phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a wireless modem, a machine type communication device, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (session initiation protocol, SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capability, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle mounted device or a wearable device, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in unmanned aerial vehicle (self-driving), a wireless terminal in telemedicine (remote medium), a wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation security (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home) network, a terminal device in a terminal in a 5G network, a terminal device in a 6G network or a future network communication device, etc. Furthermore, the terminal device 12 may also be a terminal device in an internet of things (internet of things, ioT) system.

It will be appreciated that the terminal device 12 may be a means for implementing the functions of the terminal device or may be a means capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the functions, such as a chip system, which may be installed in the terminal. In the present application, the chip system may be formed by a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

The gateway station device 13 may be a fixed location receiving station, a high gain parabolic antenna, etc. in a wireless communication system, or the gateway station device 13 may be a satellite ground station. The wireless communication system may be a 5G system, a 6G system, or a future mobile communication system.

In addition, the network devices may include one or more satellites 11 and gateway devices 13. The network device may be any device having wireless transceiver capabilities, including but not limited to: an evolved NodeB (eNB), a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a NodeB (NB), a base station controller (base station controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), a home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home node B, HNB), a Base Band Unit (BBU), an Access Point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a transmission point (transmission point, TP), or a transmission reception point (transmission and reception point, TRP), etc., may also be 5G, e.g., a next generation base station (the next generation node B, gNB) in an NR system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or may also be a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, e.g., a Base Band Unit (BBU), or a Distributed Unit (DU), etc.

It should be understood that the network device may be a means for implementing the functions of the network device, or may be a means capable of supporting the network device to implement the functions, such as a chip system, which may be installed in the network device.

The gateway device 13 may also communicate with core network devices, which are not illustrated in fig. 1. The core network device may be, for example, a device in a Core Network (CN) of an existing mobile communication architecture or a device in a core network of a future mobile communication architecture. The core network is used as a bearing network to provide an interface to the data network, and provides communication connection, authentication, management, policy control, bearing of data service and the like for the terminal equipment. Wherein the CN may further comprise: access and mobility management network elements (access and mobility management function, AMF), session management network elements (session management function, SMF), authentication server network elements (authentication server function, AUSF), policy control network elements (policy control function, PCF), user plane function network elements (user plane function, UPF), and the like. The AMF network element is used for managing the access and mobility of the terminal equipment and is mainly responsible for the functions of authentication of the terminal equipment, mobility management of the terminal equipment, paging of the terminal equipment and the like.

In a wireless communication system, it is necessary to adjust the frame timing of an Uplink (UL) in order to align with a Downlink (DL) frame in the time domain. Based on this, the network side requires that the uplink and downlink between the terminal device 12 and the gateway device 13 be frame-aligned according to a preset rule. The uplink and downlink here include the user link between the satellite 11 and the terminal device 12, as well as the feeder link between the satellite 11 and the synchronization reference point.

Wherein one point at which the uplink and downlink between the terminal device 12 and the gateway device 13 are frame-aligned according to a preset rule is a synchronization reference point (synchronization reference point). The synchronization reference point is a virtual point or a logical point.

Wherein the propagation distance D of the signal between the terminal device 12 and the synchronization reference point may comprise two parts, a first part being the propagation distance D1 between the satellite 11 and the terminal device 12 and a second part being the propagation distance D2 between the satellite 11 and the synchronization reference point. In addition, a propagation distance D3 between the synchronization reference point and the gateway station device 13.

In some examples, if d2=0, the synchronization reference point coincides with the position of the satellite 11. If d2=0 and d3=0, the synchronization reference point, the position of the gateway station device 13, and the position of the satellite 11 overlap.

Wherein, the setting of the synchronous reference point is more flexible. The application is not limited to the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point.

In some examples, the synchronization reference point may be a point on the feeder link between the satellite 11 and the gateway station device 13. Alternatively, the synchronization reference point may be a point on the extension of the feeder link between the satellite 11 and the gateway station device 13. Alternatively, the synchronization reference point may be the position of the gateway station device 13. Alternatively, the synchronization reference point may be a point on a circle centered on the position of the gateway device 13, with the propagation distance D3 being a radius.

For ease of illustration, fig. 1 illustrates a synchronization reference point as a point P on the feeder link between the satellite 11 and the gateway device 13.

The specific implementation mode of the preset rule is not limited. For example, referring to the description in the third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project,3GPP), the synchronization reference point of the uplink in the time domain is a point where the uplink and the downlink are frame aligned based on an offset given by n_ (TA, offset). N_ (TA, offset) is a constant value that varies according to different frequency bands or subcarrier spacings. Normally, n_ (TA, offset) is notified to the terminal device 12 by a parameter. In case the terminal device 12 does not receive the parameter, the terminal device 12 may use a preset value as n_ (TA, offset).

In the following, the following embodiments of the present application will take the satellite 11, the terminal device 12 and the gateway device 13 having the structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, and in conjunction with fig. 2 to 5, the communication method provided by the present application will be described in detail with respect to a scheme of simultaneously compensating for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset by using a plurality of change rates. In fig. 2-5, the method may be performed using a first communication device, which may be a terminal device or a device in a terminal device, and a second communication device, which may be a gateway device or a device in a gateway device.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an interaction flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 2, the communication method provided by the present application may include:

s101, the first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain a second signal.

Wherein the first rate of change is a rate of change of propagation delay between the satellite and the first communication device. The propagation delay between the satellite and the first communication device refers to the length of time it takes for an optical signal between the satellite and the first communication device to travel a certain distance in the transmission medium. As the satellite and/or the first communication device move rapidly, the propagation distance between the satellite and the first communication device may change, and the propagation delay between the satellite and the first communication device may also change as the propagation distance changes. Based on this, the rate of change of propagation delay between the satellite and the first communication device over time may be referred to as a first rate of change.

The second change rate is a propagation delay between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, and the propagation delay between the satellite and the synchronization reference point refers to a time period taken by an optical signal between the satellite and the synchronization reference point to propagate a certain distance in a transmission medium. As the satellite and/or the first communication device moves rapidly, the propagation distance between the satellite and the synchronization reference point may change, and the propagation delay between the satellite and the synchronization reference point may also change as the propagation distance changes. Based on this, the rate of change of propagation delay between the satellite and the synchronization reference point over time may be referred to as a second rate of change.

The synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame. The specific implementation of the synchronization reference point herein may be found in the description of the synchronization reference point in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

The application is not limited to the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point. In some examples, the synchronization reference point may be a point on the feeder link between the satellite and the second communication device, such as point P in fig. 1. Alternatively, the synchronization reference point may be a point on the extension of the feeder link between the satellite and the second communication device. Alternatively, the synchronization reference point may be the location of the second communication device. Alternatively, the synchronization reference point may be a point on a circle centered on the location of the second communication device, and the distance D3 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is a radius.

The application does not limit the specific implementation mode of the preset rule. For example, the preset rule may be n_ (TA, offset) in the embodiment of fig. 1, so that the uplink and downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device may be frame aligned according to n_ (TA, offset).

In the case of a fast movement of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the first signal may experience a synchronization deviation and/or the first signal may experience a phase shift due to the synchronization deviation. Based on this, the first communication device may pre-compensate for synchronization deviations and/or phase offsets caused by the transmission of the first signal via the user link between the satellite and the first communication device, and via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point. Thus, the first communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to the first change rate and the second change rate, so as to obtain the second signal.

The synchronization deviation may also be referred to as a timing deviation or a delay variation.

The first signal is an uplink signal which needs to be pre-compensated, and the second signal is an uplink signal after pre-compensation. The first signal or the second signal may be a continuous signal or a discontinuous signal, which is not limited in the present application.

S102, the first communication device sends a second signal to the second communication device so that the phase difference of the second signal transmitted through the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the second signal sent by the first communication device, and the second communication device receives the second signal transmitted by the link.

The first communication device may transmit the precompensated second signal to the second communication device via the satellite. The precompensated second signal is then transmitted via the subscriber link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, whereby the synchronization deviation and/or phase offset of the first signal transmitted via the subscriber link and the feeder link is reduced. Thus, the second signal transmitted via the link may be transmitted to the second communication device.

The second signal transmitted through the link is the pre-compensated uplink signal through the user link and the feeder link. The phase difference of the second signal transmitted by the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold, that is, the phase offset of the second signal transmitted by the link between different time units is smaller, so that the second communication device can perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement by using different time units.

In the time domain, the time domain units in communication may be radio frames, subframes, slots, symbols, and the like.

Wherein one radio frame (frame) includes a plurality of subframes (subframes).

One subframe includes one or more slots (slots). For example, one subframe is 1 ms, where the time length of a slot varies with the subcarrier spacing. If the subcarrier spacing is 15kHz, 1 subframe is 1 slot. If the subcarrier spacing is 30kHz, 1 subframe is 2 slots.

One slot includes a plurality of symbols (symbols). As in NR, 1 slot may include 14 symbols (under a normal Cyclic Prefix (CP)) or 12 symbols (under an extended cyclic prefix).

A slot may include 3 types: a downlink time slot (D), an uplink time slot (U), and a hybrid time slot (S).

In one slot, 3 symbols may be included: downlink symbols (D), uplink symbols (U), and flexible symbols (F). The flexible symbol may be used as either an up-link or a down-link.

Based on this, the time unit may be a slot or symbol, etc. The time units may be rated as any of the following: symbol level, slot level, or a succession of slot levels.

For example, assuming that the time unit is a symbol and the transmission duration of the second signal is 14 symbols, the phase difference between any two symbols of the second signal after being transmitted through the link can be smaller than the preset threshold.

In addition, the specific numerical value of the preset threshold value is not limited in the application. In general, the preset threshold is smaller, and the preset threshold can be set according to actual requirements and network conditions.

According to the communication method provided by the application, when the first communication device needs to send the first signal to the second communication device, the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal can be compensated according to the first change rate and the second change rate in consideration of factors such as the too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, so that the second signal can be obtained, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset caused by the first signal after passing through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point can be pre-compensated. Thus, the first communication device may send the second signal to the second communication device. After the second signal is transmitted through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, the second communication device can receive the second signal after the link transmission, and the phase difference of the second signal after the link transmission between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In this way, the second communication device can perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement by using different time units, thereby reducing the negative influence of phase offset on the receiving performance and reducing the block error rate.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an interaction flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 3, the communication method provided by the present application may include:

and S201, the second communication device compensates the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain a second signal.

The first change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame.

The specific implementation of the first rate of change may refer to the description of the first rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the second rate of change may refer to the description of the second rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point may refer to the description of the synchronization reference point in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the method steps executed by the second communication device in S201 may refer to the description of the method steps executed by the first communication device in S101 in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.

The first signal is a downlink signal which needs to be pre-compensated, and the second signal is a pre-compensated downlink signal. The first signal or the second signal may be a continuous signal or a discontinuous signal, which is not limited in the present application.

S202, the second communication device sends a second signal to the first communication device so that the phase difference of the second signal transmitted through the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the second signal sent by the second communication device, and the first communication device receives the second signal transmitted by the link.

The second communication device may transmit the precompensated second signal to the first communication device via the satellite. The precompensated second signal is then transmitted via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point and the subscriber link between the satellite and the first communication device, whereby the synchronization deviation and/or phase offset of the first signal transmitted via the aforementioned feeder link and subscriber link is reduced. Thus, the second signal transmitted over the link may be transmitted to the first communication device.

The second signal transmitted through the link is a pre-compensated downlink signal through the feeder link and the user link. The phase difference of the second signal transmitted by the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold, that is, the phase offset of the second signal transmitted by the link between different time units is smaller, so that the first communication device can utilize different time units to perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement and the like.

The specific implementation manner of the time unit may refer to the description of the time unit in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation manner of the preset threshold may refer to the description of the preset threshold in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.

According to the communication method provided by the application, when the second communication device needs to send the first signal to the first communication device, the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal can be compensated according to the first change rate and the second change rate in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, so that the second signal can be obtained, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset caused by the first signal passing through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point and the user link between the satellite and the first communication device can be pre-compensated. Therefore, the second communication device can send the second signal to the first communication device, the second signal is transmitted through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronous reference point and the user link between the satellite and the first communication device, the second signal transmitted through the link can be received by the first communication device, and the phase difference of the second signal transmitted through the link between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In this way, the first communication device can perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement by using different time units, thereby reducing the negative influence of phase offset on the receiving performance and reducing the block error rate.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an interaction flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 4, the communication method provided by the present application may include:

s301, the first communication device transmits a first signal to the second communication device.

Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the first signal sent by the first communication device, and the second communication device receives the first signal transmitted by the link.

S302, the second communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal transmitted through the link according to the first change rate and the second change rate, and a second signal is obtained.

The first change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the second signal is smaller than a preset threshold value.

The specific implementation of the first rate of change may refer to the description of the first rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the second rate of change may refer to the description of the second rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point may refer to the description of the synchronization reference point in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the time unit may refer to the description of the time unit in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation of the preset threshold may refer to the description of the preset threshold in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.

The first signal in S301 is an uplink signal to be transmitted, the first signal after link transmission in S302 is an uplink signal that passes through the above-mentioned user link and feeder link and needs post-compensation, and the second signal is an uplink signal after post-compensation. The first signal or the second signal may be a continuous signal or a discontinuous signal, which is not limited in the present application. The phase difference of the second signal between the different time units is smaller than a preset threshold, that is, the phase offset of the second signal between the different time units is smaller, so that the second communication device can utilize the different time units to perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement and the like.

In the case of a fast movement of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the first signal may experience a synchronization deviation and/or the first signal may experience a phase shift due to the synchronization deviation. Based on this, the first communication device may transmit the first signal to the second communication device through the satellite. The first signal is then transmitted via the user link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point. Thus, the first signal having the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset after being transmitted through the foregoing user link and feeder link can be transmitted to the second communication device.

Based on this, the second communication device may then compensate for synchronization deviations and/or phase offsets caused by the transmission of the first signal via the user link between the satellite and the first communication device, and via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point. Therefore, the second communication device can compensate the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal transmitted by the link according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain the second signal, and the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal transmitted by the user link and the feeder link can be reduced.

According to the communication method provided by the application, the first communication device can send the first signal to the second communication device when the first signal needs to be sent to the second communication device. After the first signal is transmitted through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, the second communication device can receive the first signal after the link transmission. Therefore, in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the second communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal after the link transmission according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain the second signal, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation caused by the first signal after the first signal passes through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point can be pre-compensated, so that the phase difference of the second signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is an interaction flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 5, the communication method provided by the present application may include:

s401, the second communication device transmits a first signal to the first communication device.

Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the first signal sent by the second communication device, and the first communication device receives the first signal transmitted through the link.

And S402, the first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal transmitted through the link according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain a second signal.

The specific implementation of the first rate of change may refer to the description of the first rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the second rate of change may refer to the description of the second rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point may refer to the description of the synchronization reference point in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the time unit may refer to the description of the time unit in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the preset threshold may refer to the description of the preset threshold in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the method steps performed by the first communication device in S402 may refer to the description of the method steps performed by the second communication device in S302 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, which are not repeated herein.

The first signal in S401 is a downlink signal to be transmitted, the first signal after being transmitted through the link in S402 is a downlink signal that is subjected to the above-mentioned feeder link and user link and is to be post-compensated, and the second signal is a post-compensated downlink signal. The first signal or the second signal may be a continuous signal or a discontinuous signal, which is not limited in the present application. The phase difference of the second signal between the different time units is smaller than a preset threshold, that is, the phase offset of the second signal between the different time units is smaller, so that the first communication device can utilize the different time units to perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement and the like.

In the communication method provided by the application, the second communication device can send the first signal to the first communication device when the second communication device needs to send the first signal to the first communication device. After the first signal is transmitted through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point and the user link between the satellite and the first communication device, the first signal after the link transmission can be received by the first communication device. Therefore, in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the first communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal after the link transmission according to the first change rate and the second change rate to obtain the second signal, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation caused by the first signal after the first signal passes through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point and the user link between the satellite and the first communication device can be pre-compensated, so that the phase difference between different time units of the second signal is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In the following, the following embodiments of the present application will take the satellite 11, the terminal device 12 and the gateway device 13 having the structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, and in conjunction with fig. 6 to fig. 7, the communication method provided by the present application will be described in detail with respect to a scheme of respectively compensating for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset using a plurality of change rates. In fig. 6-7, the method may be performed using a first communication device, which may be a terminal device or a device in a terminal device, and a second communication device, which may be a gateway device or a device in a gateway device.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is an interaction flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 6, the communication method provided by the present application may include:

s501, the first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to the first change rate to obtain a second signal. Wherein the first rate of change is a rate of change of propagation delay between the satellite and the first communication device.

The specific implementation of the first rate of change may refer to the description of the first rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the first signal may refer to the description of the first signal in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation of the second signal is similar to the second signal in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.

In the case of a fast movement of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the first signal may experience a synchronization deviation and/or the first signal may experience a phase shift due to the synchronization deviation. Based on this, the first communication device may pre-compensate for synchronization deviations and/or phase offsets caused by the transmission of the first signal over the user link between the satellite and the first communication device. Thus, the first communication device may compensate for the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to the first rate of change, resulting in the second signal.

The second signal in fig. 2 is the same as the second signal in fig. 6 in that both are pre-compensated uplink signals, except that the former is an uplink signal pre-compensated for a user link between the satellite and the first communication device and a feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, and the latter is an uplink signal pre-compensated for a user link between the satellite and the first communication device.

S502, the first communication device sends a second signal to the second communication device.

And S503, the second communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal transmitted by the link according to the second change rate, so as to obtain a third signal.

The second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the third signal is smaller than a preset threshold.

The specific implementation of the second rate of change may refer to the description of the second rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point may refer to the description of the synchronization reference point in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the time unit may refer to the description of the time unit in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation of the preset threshold may refer to the description of the preset threshold in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.

The first communication device may transmit the precompensated second signal to the second communication device via the satellite. The precompensated second signal is then transmitted via the subscriber link between the satellite and the first communication device and via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, whereby the synchronization deviation and/or phase offset of the first signal transmitted via the subscriber link is reduced. Thus, the second signal transmitted via the link may be transmitted to the second communication device.

Based on this, the second communication device may then compensate for a synchronization bias and/or a phase offset caused by the transmission of the second signal via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point. Therefore, the second communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the link transmission according to the second change rate to obtain a third signal, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the feed link transmission can be reduced.

The second signal in S502 is an uplink signal to be transmitted, and the second signal transmitted via the link in S503 is an uplink signal that is transmitted via the user link and the feeder link and that needs post-compensation. The third signal is an uplink signal after post-compensation for the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point. The phase difference of the third signal between the different time units is smaller than a preset threshold, that is, the phase offset of the third signal between the different time units is smaller, so that the second communication device can utilize the different time units to perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement and the like.

According to the communication method provided by the application, when the first communication device needs to send the first signal to the second communication device, the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal can be compensated according to the first change rate in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, so that the second signal can be obtained, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation caused by the transmission of the first signal through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device can be pre-compensated. Thus, the first communication device may send the second signal to the second communication device. After the second signal is transmitted through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device and the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, the second signal after the link transmission can be received by the second communication device.

Therefore, in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the second communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the link transmission according to the second change rate to obtain a third signal, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation caused by the second signal after the second signal is transmitted through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point can be pre-compensated, so that the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In this way, the second communication device can perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement by using different time units, thereby reducing negative influence of phase offset on the receiving performance and reducing the block error rate.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is an interaction flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 7, the communication method provided by the present application may include:

and S601, the second communication device compensates the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal according to the second change rate to obtain a second signal.

The second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame.

The specific implementation of the second rate of change may refer to the description of the second rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the synchronization reference point may refer to the description of the synchronization reference point in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the first signal may refer to the description of the first signal in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and the specific implementation of the second signal is similar to the second signal in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, which is not repeated herein.

In the case of a fast movement of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the first signal may experience a synchronization deviation and/or the first signal may experience a phase shift due to the synchronization deviation. Based on this, the second communication device may pre-compensate for synchronization deviations and/or phase offsets caused by the transmission of the first signal via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point. Thus, the second communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal according to the second change rate, so as to obtain a second signal.

The second signal in fig. 3 is the same as the second signal in fig. 6 in that both are precompensated downlink signals, except that the former is a downlink signal precompensated for a user link between the satellite and the first communication device and a feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, and the latter is a downlink signal precompensated for a feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point.

S602, the second communication device transmits a second signal to the first communication device.

And S603, the first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal transmitted by the link according to the first change rate, so as to obtain a third signal.

The first change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and a phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold.

The specific implementation of the first rate of change may refer to the description of the first rate of change in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation of the time unit may refer to the description of the time unit in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation of the preset threshold may refer to the description of the preset threshold in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.

The second communication device may transmit the precompensated second signal to the first communication device via the satellite. The precompensated second signal is then transmitted via the subscriber link between the satellite and the first communication device and via the feeder link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point, whereby the synchronization deviation and/or phase offset of the first signal transmitted via the subscriber link is reduced. Thus, the second signal transmitted over the link may be transmitted to the first communication device.

Based on this, the first communication device may then compensate for the synchronization bias and/or phase offset caused by the transmission of the second signal over the user link between the satellite and the first communication device. Therefore, the first communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the link transmission according to the first change rate to obtain the third signal, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the user link transmission can be reduced.

The second signal in S602 is a downlink signal to be transmitted, and the second signal after being transmitted via the link in S603 is a downlink signal that is via the feeder link and the user link and needs post-compensation. The third signal is a post-compensated downlink signal for a user link between the satellite and the first communication device. The phase difference of the third signal between the different time units is smaller than a preset threshold, that is, the phase offset of the third signal between the different time units is smaller, so that the first communication device can utilize the different time units to perform joint channel estimation or signal combination enhancement and the like.

According to the communication method provided by the application, when the second communication device needs to send the first signal to the first communication device, the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal can be compensated according to the second change rate in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, so that the second signal can be obtained, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation caused by the transmission of the first signal through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point can be pre-compensated. Thus, the second communication device may send the second signal to the first communication device. After the second signal is transmitted through the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point and the user link between the satellite and the first communication device, the first communication device can receive the second signal after the link transmission.

Therefore, in consideration of factors such as too high moving speed of the satellite and/or the first communication device, the first communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the link transmission according to the first change rate to obtain a third signal, and the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation caused by the second signal after the second signal is transmitted through the user link between the satellite and the first communication device can be pre-compensated, so that the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

In summary, the communication method of the present application is applicable to uplink signal compensation and downlink signal compensation. The communication method of the application can be suitable for pre-compensation before signal transmission and post-compensation after signal reception. The communication method of the application can be applied to the respective compensation of the signals in the user link and the feeder link, and also applied to the common compensation of the signals in the user link and the feeder link.

In fig. 2, the first communication device pre-compensates for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset caused by a user link between the satellite and the first communication device and a feed link between the satellite and a synchronization reference point according to the first rate of change and the second rate of change, so that the second communication device can receive the uplink signal with a smaller phase difference between different time units.

In fig. 3, the second communication device pre-compensates for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset caused by a user link between the satellite and the first communication device and a feed link between the satellite and a synchronization reference point according to the first rate of change and the second rate of change, so that the first communication device can receive the downlink signal with a smaller phase difference between different time units.

In fig. 4, the second communication device performs post-compensation for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset caused by a user link between the satellite and the first communication device and a feed link between the satellite and a synchronization reference point according to the first rate of change and the second rate of change, so that the second communication device can obtain an uplink signal with a smaller phase difference between different time units.

In fig. 5, the first communication device performs post-compensation for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset caused by a user link between a satellite and the first communication device and a feed link between the satellite and a synchronization reference point according to the first rate of change and the second rate of change, so that the first communication device can obtain a downlink signal with a smaller phase difference between different time units.

In fig. 6, the first communication device pre-compensates for synchronization bias and/or phase offset of the uplink signal caused by the user link between the satellite and the first communication device according to the first rate of change. And the second communication device performs post-compensation on the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset caused by the feed link between the satellite and the synchronization reference point of the received uplink signal according to the second change rate, so that the second communication device can obtain the uplink signal with smaller phase difference between different time units.

In fig. 7, the second communication device pre-compensates for the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset caused by the feeding link of the downlink signal between the satellite and the synchronization reference point according to the second rate of change, so that the first communication device can receive the downlink signal with a smaller phase difference between different time units. The first communication device performs post-compensation on synchronization deviation and/or phase offset caused by a user link between the satellite and the first communication device according to the first change rate, so that the first communication device can obtain the downlink signal with smaller phase difference between different time units.

Based on the description of the above embodiments, in fig. 2, 5, 6 and 7, the first communication device may determine the first rate of change. In fig. 3 and 4, the second communication device may determine the first rate of change.

Wherein the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the first rate of change in a number of ways.

In some examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the first rate of change from the indication information in the protocol. The indication information may carry the first rate of change and may also be used to indicate the first rate of change.

In other examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the first rate of change based on position information of the first communication device and ephemeris information of the satellite.

The location information of the first communication device may be, for example, location information of a global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS). The ephemeris information of the satellite may contain information such as the moving speed and moving direction of the satellite.

As a possible implementation, the first communication device or the second communication device may obtain a propagation distance between the satellite and the first communication device according to the location information of the first communication device and ephemeris (ephemerides) information of the satellite. Thus, the first communication device or the second communication device can determine the first rate of change based on the rate of change per unit time of the propagation distance between the satellite and the first communication device.

Referring to fig. 1, the propagation distance between the satellite and the first communication device is D1, the rate of change of D1 per unit time is rD1, and c is the speed of light, and then the first rate of change rt1=rd1/c.

Based on the description of the above embodiments, in fig. 2 and 5, the first communication device may determine the second rate of change. In fig. 3, 4, 6 and 7, the second communication device may determine a second rate of change.

Wherein the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the second rate of change in a number of ways.

In some examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the first rate of change from the indication information in the protocol. The indication information may carry the second rate of change and may also be used to indicate the second rate of change.

In other examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the second rate of change according to a third rate of change provided by the second communication device or the core network apparatus, the third rate of change being a rate of change of round-trip time (RTT) between the synchronization reference point and the satellite.

Wherein, for the first communication device, the second communication device or the core network apparatus may send the third rate of change to the first communication device by signaling so that the first communication device may obtain the third rate of change.

In 4G LTE NTN IoT, the radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) parameters are configured with nta-CommonDrift-r17. Wherein nta-CommonDrift-r17 is the rate of change of round trip transmission time between the synchronization reference point and the satellite, namely nta-CommonDrift-r17 is the third rate of change.

Thus, the first communication device or the second communication device may calculate the second rate of change rT2 according to the following formula:

rT2＝0.5×nta-CommonDrift-r17×U；

wherein 0.5 is used for converting round trip transmission time into unidirectional transmission time, U is nta-CommonDrift-r17 actual unit, U=0.2X1e ^-3 Microsecond (μs)/second(s) =2×1e ^-10 。

In 5G NR NTN, the RRC parameter is configured with ta-CommonDrift-r17. Wherein ta-CommonDrift-r17 is the rate of change of the round trip transmission time between the synchronization reference point and the satellite, i.e., ta-CommonDrift-r17 is the third rate of change.

rT2＝0.5×ta-CommonDrift-r17×U；

wherein 0.5 is used for converting round trip transmission time into unidirectional transmission time, U is the actual unit of ta-CommonDrift-r17, and U=0.2X1e ^-3 Microsecond (μs)/second(s) =2×1e ^-10 。

In other examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the second rate of change based on position information of the synchronization reference point and ephemeris information of the satellite.

Wherein the position information of the synchronization reference point can be determined with reference to the description of the synchronization reference point mentioned earlier. The ephemeris information of the satellite may contain information such as the moving speed and moving direction of the satellite.

As a possible implementation manner, the first communication device or the second communication device may obtain a propagation distance between the satellite and the synchronization reference point according to the position information of the synchronization reference point and ephemeris information of the satellite. Thus, the first communication device or the second communication device may determine the second rate of change based on the rate of change per unit time of the propagation distance between the satellite and the synchronization reference point.

Referring to fig. 1, the propagation distance between the satellite and the synchronization reference point is D2, the rate of change of D2 with time is denoted as rD2, and c is the speed of light, and then the second rate of change rt2=rd2/c.

In summary, the first rate of change rT1=rD1/c and the second rate of change rT2=rD2/c.

Then, the total propagation delay change rate rT between the first communication device and the synchronization reference point is the sum of the first change rate and the second change rate, i.e. rt=rt1+rt2.

After time t, synchronization deviation dt=rt×t of the signal.

For OFDM subcarriers with frequency f, the phase offset dp=2pi×f×dt, or dp=2pi×f×rt×t, caused by the synchronization deviation of the signal.

Wherein, the time t is the transmission duration of the signal.

Based on the description of the above embodiments, the first communication device or the second communication device may reduce or eliminate the phase difference of the signals between different time units using the time domain compensation manner, the frequency domain compensation manner, and the combined time domain and frequency domain compensation manner.

In the time-domain compensation method, the first communication device or the second communication device may compensate for the synchronization deviation of the signal according to the rate of change. In fig. 2-5, the rate of change refers to the sum of the first rate of change and the second rate of change. In fig. 6-7, the rate of change refers to either the first rate of change or the second rate of change.

In some examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may derive the synchronization bias values for the plurality of units based on the rate of change, the first duration, and the first time unit.

The first time length is the transmission time length of the signal, the first time length is divided into a plurality of units according to a first time unit, and the synchronization deviation value of each unit is the synchronization deviation value of the signal at the unit time of the unit.

Based on the above description, the first communication device or the second communication device divides the signal into N units according to the first time unit in the first time period, each unit corresponds to one unit time, and each unit time may be any one of a start time, an intermediate time or an end time of the unit corresponding to the unit time. Wherein N is a positive integer.

For example, let the rate rT be the sum of the first rate and the second rate, the start time of the signal be t0, and the cell time of one of the cells be t1. Then, the synchronization bias value dt=rt× (t 1-t 0) of the unit.

The first communication device or the second communication device calculates, at each unit time, a synchronization deviation value of a unit corresponding to the unit time. Thus, the first communication device or the second communication device can obtain the synchronization bias values of the plurality of units.

For the synchronization deviation value of each unit, the first communication device or the second communication device may obtain the synchronization deviation sampling point number of each unit according to the synchronization deviation value of each unit.

In some examples, the first communication device or the second communication device divides the synchronization bias value of a unit by a sampling interval Ts, and squares the synchronization bias sampling point number of the unit.

Therefore, the first communication device or the second communication device adjusts the time of the signal sampling point corresponding to each unit, and the synchronous deviation sampling point of each unit is compensated for the sampling point position.

In the frequency domain compensation method, the first communication device or the second communication device may compensate for the phase offset of the signal according to the rate of change. In fig. 2-5, the rate of change refers to the sum of the first rate of change and the second rate of change. In fig. 6-7, the rate of change refers to either the first rate of change or the second rate of change.

In some examples, the first communication device or the second communication device may obtain the synchronization bias value of the plurality of units according to the change rate, the first duration, and the first time unit, where the first duration is a transmission duration of the signal, and the first duration is divided into the plurality of units according to the first time unit, and the synchronization bias value of each unit is the synchronization bias value of the signal at the unit time of the unit.

The implementation manner of the above process may be referred to the description of the time domain compensation manner, which is not repeated herein.

For example, let the rate rT be the sum of the first rate and the second rate, the start time of the signal be t0, and the cell time of a cell be t1. Then, the phase offset dP1=2pi×f×rT× (t 1-t 0) corresponding to the synchronization deviation value of the unit.

Therefore, the first communication device or the second communication device can obtain the phase offset corresponding to the synchronization deviation value of each unit according to the synchronization deviation value of each unit. The first communication device or the second communication device can adjust the phase of each subcarrier of the transmission signal corresponding to each unit according to the phase offset corresponding to the synchronous offset value of each unit, so as to realize phase compensation of each subcarrier in each unit according to the phase offset corresponding to the unit.

In the time domain and frequency domain combined compensation mode, the first communication device or the second communication device can compensate the synchronization deviation and the phase offset of the signals according to the change rate. In fig. 2-5, the rate of change refers to the sum of the first rate of change and the second rate of change. In fig. 6-7, the rate of change refers to either the first rate of change or the second rate of change.

In some examples, the first communication device or the second communication device divides the synchronization bias value of a unit by a sampling interval Ts to obtain a result, which is the synchronization bias sampling point number of the unit.

For any result, when the result is an integer, the first communication device or the second communication device may use the description mentioned in the time-domain compensation mode to compensate the synchronization deviation of the signal, which is not described herein. When the result is not an integer, the result includes an integer portion and a fractional portion. Thus, the first communication device or the second communication device may perform the steps of:

for the integral part of the result, the first communication device or the second communication device can adjust the time of the signal sampling point corresponding to the corresponding unit according to the integral part of the result, so as to realize the compensation of the sampling point position of the synchronous deviation sampling point of each unit.

For the fractional part of the result, the fractional part of the result is the residual of the synchronization bias value of the unit. The first communication device or the second communication device can obtain the phase residual error of each subcarrier in the unit according to the decimal part of the result, so as to adjust the phase of each subcarrier of the transmission signal corresponding to the corresponding unit, and realize the compensation of the phase residual error of each subcarrier in each unit.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 8, the communication device 100 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be configured to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned satellite and the second communication device, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the first communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication apparatus 100 may include: a processing unit 101 and a transceiver unit 102. The processing unit 101 is configured to perform data processing, and the transceiver unit 102 may implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 102 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 100 may further include a storage unit, where the storage unit may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 101 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 100 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 100 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 100 may be the first communication device or a component configurable at the first communication device. The transceiver unit 102 is configured to perform the operations related to the reception of the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 102 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the foregoing method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

Note that the communication apparatus 100 may include a transmitting unit instead of a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 100 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 100 includes a transmission operation and a reception operation.

As an example, the communication device 100 is configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 2.

The communication apparatus 100 may include: a processing unit 101 and a transceiver unit 102.

A processing unit 101, configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal according to a first rate of change and a second rate of change, to obtain a second signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, and the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

and the transceiver unit 102 is configured to send the second signal so that a phase difference between the second signal transmitted through the link and different time units is smaller than a preset threshold.

It should be understood that, the foregoing corresponding process performed by each unit is already described in the foregoing method embodiments, and is not described herein for brevity.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 102 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuitry. The transceiver unit 102 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 9, the communication device 200 may exist independently or may be integrated in other apparatuses, and may be used to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned first communication device and satellite, so as to implement the operations corresponding to the second communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication apparatus 200 may include: a processing unit 201 and a transceiver unit 202. The processing unit 201 is configured to perform data processing, and the transceiver unit 202 may implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 202 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 200 may further comprise a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 200 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 200 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 200 may be a second communication device or a component that may be configured to the second communication device. The transceiver unit 202 is configured to perform operations related to the reception of the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the processing unit is configured to perform operations related to the processing of the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 202 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the above-described method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

Note that the communication apparatus 200 may include a transmitting unit instead of a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 200 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 200 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 200 is configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, supra.

The communication apparatus 200 may include: a processing unit 201 and a transceiver unit 202.

The processing unit 201 is configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal according to a first rate of change and a second rate of change, to obtain a second signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, and the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

the transceiver 202 is configured to send the second signal so that a phase difference between the second signal transmitted through the link and different time units is smaller than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 202 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuitry. The transceiver unit 202 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 10, the communication device 300 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be used to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned satellite and the second communication device, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the first communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication apparatus 300 may include: a transceiver unit 301 and a processing unit 302. The transceiver unit 301 may implement a corresponding communication function, and the processing unit 302 is configured to perform data processing. The transceiver unit 301 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 300 may further comprise a storage unit, which may be used for storing instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 302 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 100 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 300 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 300 may be the first communication device or a component configurable at the first communication device. The transceiver unit 301 is configured to perform the operations related to the reception of the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 301 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the foregoing method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

It should be noted that the communication apparatus 300 may include a transmitting unit instead of the receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 300 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 300 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 300 is configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, supra.

The communication apparatus 300 may include: a transceiver unit 301 and a processing unit 302.

A transceiver 301 for receiving a first signal;

the processing unit 302 is configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal after the link transmission according to a first rate of change and a second rate of change, to obtain a second signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the second signal is smaller than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 301 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuits. The transceiver unit 301 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.

As shown in fig. 11, the communication device 400 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be used to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned first communication device and satellite, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the second communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication apparatus 400 may include: a transceiver unit 401 and a processing unit 402. The transceiver unit 401 may implement a corresponding communication function, and the processing unit 402 is configured to perform data processing. The transceiver unit 401 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 400 may further comprise a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 400 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 400 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 400 may be the second communication device or may be a component configured to the second communication device. The transceiver unit 401 is configured to perform operations related to the reception of the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the processing unit is configured to perform operations related to the processing of the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 401 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the above-described method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

It should be noted that the communication apparatus 400 may include a transmitting unit, and not include a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 400 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 400 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 400 is configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, supra.

The communication apparatus 400 may include: a transceiver unit 401 and a processing unit 402.

A transceiver unit 401 for receiving a first signal;

the processing unit 402 is configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal after the link transmission according to a first rate of change and a second rate of change, to obtain a second signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and the first communication device, the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the second signal is smaller than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 401 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuits. The transceiver unit 404 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 12, the communication device 500 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be used to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned satellite and the second communication device, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the first communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication apparatus 500 may include: a processing unit 501 and a transceiver unit 502. The processing unit 501 is configured to perform data processing, and the transceiver unit 502 may implement a corresponding communication function. The transceiver unit 502 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 500 may further include a storage unit, where the storage unit may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 501 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 500 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 500 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 500 may be the first communication device or a component configurable at the first communication device. The transceiver unit 502 is configured to perform operations related to the reception of the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 502 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the foregoing method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

Note that the communication apparatus 500 may include a transmitting unit instead of a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 500 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 500 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 500 is configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, supra.

The communication apparatus 500 may include: a processing unit 501 and a transceiver unit 502.

The processing unit 501 is configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal according to a first rate of change, to obtain a second signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate of change between the satellite and the first communication device;

the transceiver 502 is configured to send a second signal to the second communication device, so that the second communication device compensates for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a second rate of change, to obtain a third signal, where the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the third signal is smaller than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 502 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuitry. The transceiver unit 502 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 13, the communication device 600 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be used to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned first communication device and satellite, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the second communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication apparatus 600 may include: a transceiver unit 601 and a processing unit 602. The transceiver unit 601 may implement a corresponding communication function, and the processing unit 602 is configured to perform data processing. The transceiver unit 202 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 600 may further comprise a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 600 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 600 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 600 may be a second communication device or a component that may be configured to the second communication device. The transceiver unit 601 is configured to perform operations related to reception by the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the processing unit is configured to perform operations related to processing by the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 601 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the above-described method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

Note that the communication apparatus 600 may include a transmitting unit instead of a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 600 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 600 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 600 is configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, supra.

The communication apparatus 600 may include: a transceiver unit 601 and a processing unit 602.

The transceiver 601 is configured to receive a second signal sent by the first communication device, where the second signal is obtained by the first communication device by compensating for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal according to a first rate of change, and the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate of change between the satellite and the first communication device;

the processing unit 602 is configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a second rate of change, to obtain a third signal, where the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, and the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the third signal is smaller than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 601 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuits. The transceiver unit 601 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 14, the communication device 700 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be configured to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned satellite and the second communication device, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the first communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication device 700 may include: a transceiver unit 701 and a processing unit 702. The transceiver unit 701 may implement a corresponding communication function, and the processing unit 702 is configured to perform data processing. The transceiver unit 701 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 700 may further comprise a storage unit, where the storage unit may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 702 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 700 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 700 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 700 may be the first communication device or a component configurable at the first communication device. The transceiver unit 701 is configured to perform operations related to the reception of the first communication apparatus in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 702 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the foregoing method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

Note that the communication apparatus 700 may include a transmitting unit instead of a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 700 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 700 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 700 is configured to perform the actions performed by the first communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, supra.

The communication device 700 may include: a transceiver unit 701 and a processing unit 702.

A transceiver unit 701, configured to receive a second signal sent by a second communication device, where the second signal is obtained by the second communication device by compensating for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal according to a second rate of change, where the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate between a satellite and a synchronization reference point, and the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

The processing unit 702 is configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a first rate of change, to obtain a third signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and a phase difference between different time units of the third signal is less than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 701 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuitry. The transceiver unit 701 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 15, the communication device 800 may exist independently or may be integrated in another apparatus, and may be used to implement mutual communication with the aforementioned first communication device and satellite, so as to implement the operation corresponding to the second communication device in any of the method embodiments.

The communication device 800 may include: a processing unit 801 and a transceiver unit 802. The processing unit 801 is configured to perform data processing, and the transceiver unit 802 may implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 802 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the communication device 800 may further comprise a storage unit, which may be used for storing instructions and/or data, and the processing unit may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device 800 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

The communication device 800 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 800 may be a second communication device or a component that may be configured to the second communication device. The transceiver unit 802 is configured to perform operations related to the reception of the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the processing unit is configured to perform operations related to the processing of the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the transceiving unit 802 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is configured to perform the transmitting operation in the above-described method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above-described method embodiment.

Note that the communication apparatus 800 may include a transmitting unit instead of a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 800 may include a receiving unit instead of the transmitting unit. Specifically, it may be determined whether or not the above scheme executed by the communication apparatus 800 includes a transmission action and a reception action.

As an example, the communication device 800 is configured to perform the actions performed by the second communication device in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, supra.

The communication device 800 may include: a processing unit 801 and a transceiver unit 802.

A processing unit 801, configured to compensate for a synchronization deviation and/or a phase offset of the first signal according to a second rate of change, to obtain a second signal, where the second rate of change is a propagation delay rate of change between a satellite and a synchronization reference point, and the synchronization reference point is a point where an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

the transceiver unit 802 is configured to send the second signal to the first communication device, so that the first communication device compensates for the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a first rate of change, to obtain a third signal, where the first rate of change is a propagation delay rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and a phase difference between different time units of the third signal is smaller than a preset threshold.

The processing units in the previous embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 802 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver related circuitry. The transceiver unit 802 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface. The memory unit may be implemented by at least one memory.

In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to determine the first rate of change based on position information of the first communication device and ephemeris information of the satellite.

In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second rate of change according to a third rate of change provided by the second communication device or the core network apparatus, the third rate of change being a rate of change of round trip transmission time between the synchronization reference point and the satellite.

In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second rate of change based on position information of the synchronization reference point and ephemeris information of the satellite.

In some embodiments, the processing unit is specifically configured to obtain synchronization bias values of a plurality of units according to a change rate, a first duration and a first time unit, where the first duration is a transmission duration of a signal, the first duration is divided into a plurality of units according to the first time unit, and the synchronization bias value of a unit is a synchronization bias value of the signal at a unit time of the unit;

In some embodiments, the processing unit is specifically configured to obtain phase offsets corresponding to synchronization offset values of a plurality of units according to a change rate, a first duration, and a first time unit, where the first duration is a transmission duration of a signal, and the first duration is divided into the plurality of units according to the first time unit, and the synchronization offset value of a unit is a synchronization offset value of the signal at a unit time of the unit;

In some embodiments, the cell time of a cell includes any one of a start time, an intermediate time, and an end time of the cell.

The application also provides a communication device.

Fig. 16 is a schematic hardware structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.

The communication device 900 comprises a processor 901, the processor 901 being coupled to a memory 902, the memory 902 being for storing computer programs or instructions and/or data, the processor 901 being for executing the computer programs or instructions and/or data stored by the memory 902 such that the method in the method embodiments described above is performed.

Optionally, the communication device 900 includes one or more processors 901.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 16, the communication device 900 may also include a memory 902.

Optionally, the communication device 900 may include one or more memories 902.

Alternatively, the memory 902 may be integrated with the processor 901 or provided separately.

As shown in fig. 16, the communication device 900 may further include a transceiver 903, where the transceiver 903 is used for receiving and/or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 901 is configured to control the transceiver 903 to receive and/or transmit signals.

As an option, the communication device 900 is configured to implement the operations performed by the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

For example, the processor 901 is configured to implement the operations related to the processing performed by the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the transceiver 903 is configured to implement the operations related to the transceiving performed by the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

Alternatively, the communication device 900 is configured to implement the operations performed by the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

For example, the processor 901 is configured to implement the operations related to the processing performed by the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the transceiver 903 is configured to implement the operations related to the transceiving performed by the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment.

In the communication apparatus shown in fig. 16, the device for receiving power in the transceiver 903 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for transmitting function in the transceiver 903 may be regarded as a transmitting unit. I.e. the transceiver 903 may comprise a receiver and a transmitter. The transceiver 903 may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver unit, a transceiver circuit, or the like. The receiver may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiving unit, a receiver, a receiving circuit, or the like. The transmitter may also be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitting unit, or a transmitting circuit, etc. The processor 901 has a processing function, and the processor 901 may be referred to as a processing unit. The memory 902 is used for storing computer program codes and data, and the memory 902 may also be referred to as a memory unit.

The application also provides a communication device.

The communication device 900 may be the first communication device or the second communication device, or may be a chip of the first communication device or the second communication device. The communication device 900 may be used to perform the operations performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above-described method embodiments.

As shown in fig. 17, the communication apparatus 1000 includes 1010, 1020, and 1030. The 1010 part is mainly used for baseband processing, controlling a base station and the like; the section 1010 is typically a control center of the base station and may be generally referred to as a processor or a processing unit, and is configured to control the first communication device or the second communication device to perform the processing operations on the first communication device or the second communication device in the method embodiment described above. Portion 1020 is mainly used for storing computer program code and data and may generally be referred to as a memory or storage unit. The 1030 part is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals and converting the radio frequency signals and baseband signals; portion 1030 may be referred to generally as a transceiver unit, transceiver circuitry, or transceiver, etc. The transceiver unit of 1030, which may also be referred to as a transceiver or transceiver, includes an antenna 1033 and radio frequency circuitry (not shown) that is primarily used for radio frequency processing. Alternatively, the means for implementing the receiving function in section 1030 may be regarded as a receiver and the means for implementing the transmitting function as a transmitter, i.e. section 1030 includes receiver 1032 and transmitter 1031. The receiver may also be referred to as a receiving unit, receiver, or receiving circuit, etc., and the transmitter may be referred to as a transmitting unit, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.

Portions 1010 and 1020 may include one or more boards, each of which may include one or more processors and one or more memories. The processor is used for reading and executing the program in the memory to realize the baseband processing function and control of the base station. If there are multiple boards, the boards can be interconnected to enhance processing power. As an alternative implementation manner, the multiple boards may share one or more processors, or the multiple boards may share one or more memories, or the multiple boards may share one or more processors at the same time.

In one implementation, the transceiver unit of the 1030 part is configured to perform the transceiver-related procedure performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the embodiments shown in fig. 2-7. The processor of section 1010 is configured to perform processes associated with the processing performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the embodiments illustrated in fig. 2-7.

It should be understood that fig. 17 is only an example and not limiting, and that the first communication device or the second communication device including the processor, the memory, and the transceiver may not depend on the structure shown in fig. 17.

When the communication device 1000 is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. Wherein, the transceiver can be an input-output circuit and a communication interface; the processor is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit on the chip. The sending operation of the first communication device or the second communication device in the above method embodiment may be understood as the output of the chip, and the receiving operation of the first communication device or the second communication device in the above method embodiment may be understood as the input of the chip.

The present application also provides, illustratively, a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for carrying out the method performed by the first communication device, or the method performed by the second communication device, in the above-described method embodiments.

For example, the computer program, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to implement the method performed by the first communication device or the method performed by the second communication device in the above-described method embodiments.

The present application also provides, illustratively, a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to implement the method performed by the first communication device, or the method performed by the second communication device, of the above-described method embodiments.

The present application also provides, illustratively, a satellite communication system including a satellite, a first communication device, and a second communication device. The first communication device is configured to perform the procedure performed by the first communication device in the previous embodiment. The second communication device is configured to perform the procedure performed by the second communication device in the foregoing embodiment.

The present application also provides a chip apparatus including a processor for invoking computer degree or computer instructions stored in the memory to cause the processor to perform the reference signal processing method of the above embodiment.

In a possible implementation, the input of the chip device corresponds to the receiving operation in the embodiment shown in fig. 2-7, and the output of the chip device corresponds to the transmitting operation in the embodiment shown in fig. 2-7.

Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory through an interface.

Optionally, the chip device further comprises a memory, in which the computer degree or the computer instructions are stored.

The processor mentioned in any of the above may be a general-purpose central processing unit, a microprocessor, a baseband processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the program execution of the reference signal processing method of the previous embodiments. The memory mentioned in any of the above may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), etc.

It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity, the explanation and the beneficial effects of the related content in any of the above-mentioned communication devices may refer to the corresponding method embodiments provided in the foregoing, and are not repeated herein.

In the present application, the first communication device or the second communication device may include a hardware layer, an operating system layer running above the hardware layer, and an application layer running above the operating system layer. The hardware layer may include a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a memory management unit (memory management unit, MMU), and a memory (also referred to as a main memory). The operating system of the operating system layer may be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes (processes), for example, a Linux operating system, a Unix operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or windows operating system, etc. The application layer may include applications such as a browser, address book, word processor, instant messaging software, and the like.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of elements is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions of actual implementation, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.

The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, a substantial portion of the technical solution of the present application, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of communication, the method comprising:

compensating for synchronization deviation and/or phase offset of a first signal according to a first change rate and a second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is a propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a first communication device, the second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, and the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame;

and sending the second signal so that the phase difference between the second signal transmitted by the link and different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

2. A method of communication, the method comprising:

receiving a first signal;

and compensating the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the first signal after the link transmission according to a first change rate and a second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a first communication device, the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and the phase difference between different time units of the second signal is smaller than a preset threshold value.

3. A method of communication, the method comprising:

the first communication device compensates the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal according to a first change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device;

the first communication device sends the second signal to a second communication device, so that the second communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after link transmission according to a second change rate, and a third signal is obtained, wherein the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame, and the phase difference between different time units of the third signal is smaller than a preset threshold value.

4. A method of communication, the method comprising:

the second communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after the link transmission according to a second change rate, so as to obtain a third signal, wherein the second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a synchronization reference point, the synchronization reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame, and a phase difference between different time units of the third signal is smaller than a preset threshold value.

5. A method of communication, the method comprising:

the method comprises the steps that a first communication device receives a second signal sent by a second communication device, wherein the second signal is obtained by the second communication device through compensation of synchronous deviation and/or phase offset of a first signal according to a second change rate, the second change rate is a propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset rule frame;

The first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase deviation of the second signal after the link transmission according to a first change rate, so as to obtain a third signal, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

6. A method of communication, the method comprising:

the second communication device compensates the synchronous deviation and/or the phase deviation of the first signal according to a second change rate to obtain a second signal, wherein the second change rate is the propagation delay change rate between a satellite and a synchronous reference point, and the synchronous reference point is a point at which an uplink and a downlink between the first communication device and the second communication device are aligned according to a preset regular frame;

the second communication device sends the second signal to the first communication device, so that the first communication device compensates the synchronization deviation and/or the phase offset of the second signal after link transmission according to a first change rate, and a third signal is obtained, wherein the first change rate is the propagation delay change rate between the satellite and the first communication device, and the phase difference of the third signal between different time units is smaller than a preset threshold value.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising:

the first rate of change is determined based on the position information of the first communication device and ephemeris information of the satellite.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising:

the second rate of change is determined from a third rate of change provided by the second communications device or core network equipment, the third rate of change being a rate of change of round trip transmission time between the synchronization reference point and the satellite.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising:

and determining the second change rate according to the position information of the synchronous reference point and the ephemeris information of the satellite.

10. The method according to any of claims 1-9, wherein compensating for synchronization bias of the signal according to the rate of change comprises:

obtaining synchronization deviation values of a plurality of units according to the change rate, a first time length and a first time unit, wherein the first time length is the transmission time length of the signal, the first time length is divided into the plurality of units according to the first time unit, and the synchronization deviation values of the units are the synchronization deviation values of the signal at the unit time of the units;

And adjusting the time of the signal sampling point corresponding to each unit according to the synchronous deviation value of the unit and a sampling interval aiming at the synchronous deviation value of each unit.

11. The method according to any of claims 1-9, wherein compensating for the phase offset of the signal according to the rate of change comprises:

and adjusting the phase of each subcarrier corresponding to each unit for transmitting the signal according to the phase offset corresponding to the synchronous offset value of each unit.

12. The method according to any of claims 1-9, wherein compensating for synchronization deviations and phase offsets of the signals according to the rate of change comprises:

And adjusting the time of a signal sampling point corresponding to each unit according to the integral part of the result when the synchronous deviation value of each unit is not an integer with the result obtained by a sampling interval quotient, and adjusting the phase of each subcarrier of the transmission signal corresponding to the unit according to the decimal part of the result.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10-12, wherein the unit time of a unit comprises any one of a start time, an intermediate time and an end time of the unit.

14. A communication device, the device comprising: a module for performing the method of any one of claims 1, 7-13; alternatively, a module for performing the method of any one of claims 2, 7-13; alternatively, a module for performing the method of any one of claims 3, 7-13; alternatively, a module for performing the method of any one of claims 4, 7-13; alternatively, a module for performing the method of any one of claims 5, 7-13; or means for performing the method of any of claims 6-13.

15. A communication device, the communication device comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program or instructions;

a processor for executing a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, causing the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1, 7-13; or cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 2, 7-13; or cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 3, 7-13; or cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 4, 7-13; or cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 5, 7-13; or cause the communication device to perform the method of any of claims 6-13.

16. A communication device, comprising: a processor;

the processor being configured to execute a computer executable program or instructions in a memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of any of claims 1, 7-13; alternatively, the communication device is caused to perform the method of any of claims 2, 7-13; alternatively, the communication device is caused to perform the method of any of claims 3, 7-13; alternatively, the communication device is caused to perform the method of any of claims 4, 7-13; alternatively, the communication device is caused to perform the method of any of claims 5, 7-13; alternatively, the communication device is caused to perform the method of any of claims 6-13.

17. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer executable program or instructions arranged to perform the method of any of claims 1, 7-13; alternatively, the computer executable program or instructions are arranged to perform the method of any of claims 2, 7-13; alternatively, the computer executable program or instructions are arranged to perform the method of any of claims 3, 7-13; alternatively, the computer executable program or instructions are arranged to perform the method of any of claims 4, 7-13; alternatively, the computer executable program or instructions are arranged to perform the method of any of claims 5, 7-13; alternatively, the computer executable program or instructions are arranged to perform the method of any of claims 6-13.

18. A chip, comprising: interface circuit and logic circuit, the said interface circuit is used for receiving the signal from other chips outside the chip and transmitting to the said logic circuit, or send the signal from the said logic circuit to other chips outside the said chip, the said logic circuit is used for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1, 7-13; alternatively, the logic circuit is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 2, 7-13; alternatively, the logic circuit is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 3, 7-13; alternatively, the logic circuit is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 4, 7-13; alternatively, the logic circuitry is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 5, 7-13; alternatively, the logic circuitry is to implement the method of any of claims 6-13.