CN116518028A - A vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system supporting structure, which is used for reducing the vibration response of a rotor. The vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device consists of a metal rubber component and a fixed seat component, wherein the metal rubber component is arranged in the fixed seat component. The metal rubber component comprises a metal rubber element, a mass block, a bolt and a nut, wherein the metal rubber element is made of a memory alloy wire. The fixing seat assembly comprises a supporting outer ring, an end cover, a supporting inner ring and a limiting ring. The invention has the advantages of both the vibration absorber and the damper, has high-efficiency and stable vibration damping performance, and can be used for vibration damping design of a rotor system under various working conditions. As a vibration absorber, the metal rubber element provides rigidity, the mass block is a vibration reference mass, and the high-efficiency absorption of the vibration energy of the rotor is realized by adjusting the rigidity of the metal rubber element; as a damper, the spiral wires inside the metal rubber element perform relative movement during vibration, so that friction energy consumption is generated, and efficient dissipation of rotor vibration energy is realized.

Description

A vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of vibration control of rotating machinery, and in particular relates to a vibration-absorbing and energy-consuming device used for the supporting structure of a rotor system.

Background technique

Rotary machinery is widely used in mechanical devices such as aero-engines, gas turbines, industrial compressors, and various electric motors. The rotor system composed of rotors, bearings and supporting structures is one of the core components of rotating machinery. Excessive vibration is not only easy It causes the failure of the rotor system, and also often becomes an important excitation source for the vibration of other structures such as the load-bearing frame. Therefore, the vibration problem of the rotor system is not only related to the performance and safety of the rotor system itself, but also related to the dynamic response level and working performance of the aero-engine or other rotating machinery.

Since its appearance in the 1960s, the squeeze oil film damper has been widely used in high-speed rotating machinery due to its simple structure and light weight. Frictional damping achieves a vibration damping effect. However, when the rotor vibration response is too large and exceeds its design range, the oil film force will show a high degree of nonlinearity, which will cause a series of nonlinear vibration problems, such as bistable response, locking, non-coordinated precession and even chaos.

In order to solve the problem of unstable damping characteristics of the squeeze oil film damper, a metal rubber support damping device was proposed later, which dissipates vibration energy through dry friction when the metal wires slide relative to each other, and the metal rubber is applied to the aerospace rotor system support The development of the structure has a long-term academic research and engineering basis, and it has shown good damping performance and structural reliability in practical applications. However, this damping device still has many common problems of dampers. It can only have a significant damping effect on the vibration response near the critical speed, but the vibration damping performance of the rotor system in a non-critical state is weak, and it cannot control the rotor at full speed. Provides good damping effect for all working conditions within the range.

At present, the commonly used vibration reduction devices for the supporting structure of the rotor system are mostly damping vibration reduction devices, such as squeeze oil film dampers, metal rubber, etc., which are mainly used to reduce the vibration response when the rotor passes the critical speed, and have the following limitations: (1) When the rotor When the vibration is intensified, additional nonlinear support stiffness is generated for the rotor system, resulting in vibration deterioration; (2) For non-critical working conditions, the damping effect cannot be fully exerted, and the vibration damping performance is weak.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for the supporting structure of the rotor system, which not only has a simple structure and stable vibration-damping performance, but also has the ability to reduce vibration under multiple working conditions, and can efficiently realize The absorption and dissipation of rotor vibration energy ultimately reduces the vibration response of the engine rotor under various operating conditions.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device used for the supporting structure of the rotor system, used to reduce the vibration response of the rotor under various working conditions. The fixed seat assembly is formed, wherein the metal rubber assembly is located in the fixed seat assembly. The vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device has the advantages of both a vibration absorber and a damper, and can efficiently absorb and dissipate vibration energy of the rotor.

The metal rubber assembly includes an upper metal rubber element, a lower metal rubber element, a left mass block, a right mass block, bolts and nuts. The left mass block and the right mass block have the same structure, are arranged symmetrically, and have a through hole at the center, and the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are located between the left mass block and the right mass block. Bolts pass through the left mass block and the right mass block in turn, and then tightened with nuts to form a metal-rubber assembly.

The fixed seat assembly includes a support outer ring, an end cover, a support inner ring and a limit ring. The supporting inner ring is provided with an outer flange, an outer wall surface and an annular groove. Wherein, the annular groove of the supporting inner ring is used for installing the limit ring. The supporting outer ring is provided with an inner flange, an inner wall surface and a flange edge. The outer side of the metal rubber assembly realizes axial positioning through the inner flange of the supporting outer ring, realizes axial compression through the end cover, and realizes circumferential positioning through the inner wall surface of the supporting outer ring. The inner side of the metal rubber assembly realizes axial positioning through the outer flange of the supporting inner ring, realizes axial compression through the limit ring, and realizes circumferential positioning through the outer wall surface of the supporting inner ring. The supporting inner ring and the squirrel cage spring adopt interference fit to realize the radial fixation of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device; the squirrel cage spring is connected with the right cone shell in the load-bearing casing of the engine through bolts; the vibration-absorbing The energy structure is connected with the left cone shell in the engine load-bearing casing through the bolts passing through the end cover and the flange edge of the supporting outer ring in turn.

Further, the mass of the left mass block and the right mass block, and the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element jointly determine the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device, and the mass and stiffness are based on the actual vibration of the aeroengine rotor system The environment is designed.

Further, the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are made of shape memory alloy wires whose stiffness is regulated by temperature, and the metal rubber elements exhibit different stiffness properties at different temperatures.

Further, a plurality of identical metal-rubber components are evenly distributed in the fixed seat component along the circumferential direction, and the number of the metal-rubber components is at least 8, so as to ensure that the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device has relatively high performance in multiple vibration directions. Good shock absorption and energy dissipation performance.

Further, as a vibration absorber, by changing the temperature, the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element can be regulated, and then the natural frequency of the metal rubber component can be changed, so as to realize the efficient absorption of the vibration energy of the rotor by the vibration absorption and energy dissipation device .

Furthermore, for the simple harmonic excitation caused by the rotor unbalance, the natural frequency of the metal-rubber assembly is changed to make it close to the rotational frequency of the rotor, so as to achieve high-efficiency vibration absorption.

Further, for external impact excitation or white noise excitation, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to make it close to the main vibration frequency of the rotor under external excitation, so as to achieve efficient vibration absorption.

Further, as a damper, when the rotor vibrates, the elastic support of the squirrel cage deforms, and the relative slip occurs between the upper metal rubber element and the metal helical wire inside the lower metal rubber element, and the mechanical energy of the vibration is converted into The internal energy is dissipated to achieve the effect of damping and vibration reduction.

The vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device designed in the present invention for the supporting structure of the rotor system has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention adopts the metal rubber element as the damping material, which has stable linear stiffness in a large deformation range and stable vibration damping performance.

(2) The stiffness of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device proposed by the present invention is much lower than that of the squirrel-cage spring, and the additional stiffness produced by it is small, which has little influence on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system.

(3) The vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device proposed by the present invention has the advantages of both a vibration absorber and a damper, and can efficiently absorb and dissipate rotor vibration energy.

(4) The metal-rubber element in the present invention is made of shape-memory alloy wire, and its stiffness is regulated by temperature. By changing the temperature, the stiffness of the metal-rubber component is adjusted, and then the natural frequency of the metal-rubber component is changed to meet the vibration reduction requirements under various working conditions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the rotor-load-bearing frame and the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used for the supporting structure of the rotor system.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the squirrel cage spring and the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used for the supporting structure of the rotor system.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used for a rotor system support structure.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used for the supporting structure of the rotor system.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the metal-rubber assembly used in the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for the rotor system support structure.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the fixing seat assembly in the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used for the rotor system support structure.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a supporting outer ring and a supporting inner ring in a vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used in a rotor system supporting structure.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the vibration response of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device used for the rotor system support structure and the commonly used support damping device under unbalanced excitation.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the vibration response of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device used for the rotor system support structure and the commonly used support and damping device under impact excitation.

In the figure: 1. Upper metal rubber component, 2. Lower metal rubber component, 3. Left mass block, 4. Right mass block, 5. Bolt, 6. Nut, 7. Supporting outer ring, 8. End cover, 9. Limiting ring, 10. supporting inner ring, 11. squirrel cage elastic support, 12. bearing, 13. rotor, 14. left cone shell, 15. right cone shell;

7A. Inner flange, 7B. Inner wall surface, 7C. Flange edge, 10A. Outer flange, 10B. Outer wall surface, 10C. Annular groove, 11A. Bearing positioning edge.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical solution and main points of the present invention clearer, the invention will be fully described below in conjunction with FIGS. 1-9 and specific examples.

As shown in Figures 1-7, the embodiment of the present invention relates to a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure, which is used to reduce the vibration response of the rotor under various working conditions. The advantages of vibration absorbers and dampers can efficiently absorb and dissipate rotor vibration energy.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for the rotor system supporting structure of the present invention is installed between the rotor 13 and the load-bearing casing. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device is composed of a metal-rubber assembly and a fixing seat assembly, wherein the metal-rubber assembly is located in the fixing seat assembly.

The metal-rubber assembly is shown in FIG. 5 , including an upper metal-rubber element 1 , a lower metal-rubber element 2 , a left mass 3 , a right mass 4 , bolts 5 and nuts 6 . The left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4 have the same structure, are arranged symmetrically, and have a through hole at the center, and the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 are located between the left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4 . The bolts 5 pass through the left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4 in turn, and then tightened with nuts 6 to form a metal-rubber assembly.

The fixed base assembly is shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , including a support outer ring 7 , an end cover 8 , a support inner ring 10 and a limit ring 9 . The supporting inner ring 10 is provided with an outer flange 10A, an outer wall surface 10B and an annular groove 10C. Wherein, the annular groove 10C of the supporting inner ring 10 is used for installing the limiting ring 9 . The supporting outer ring 7 is provided with an inner flange 7A, an inner wall surface 7B and a flange edge 7C. The outer side of the metal-rubber assembly realizes axial positioning through the inner flange 7A of the supporting outer ring 7, realizes axial compression through the end cover 8, and realizes circumferential direction through the inner wall surface 7B of the supporting outer ring 7. position. The inner side of the metal-rubber assembly realizes axial positioning through the outer flange 10A of the supporting inner ring 10, realizes axial compression through the limit ring 9, and realizes peripheral positioning through the outer wall surface 10B of the supporting inner ring 10. orientation. The supporting inner ring 10 and the squirrel cage elastic support 11 adopt interference fit to realize the radial fixation of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device; the squirrel cage elastic support 11 is connected with the right cone shell 15 in the engine load-bearing casing by bolts; The vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating structure is connected to the left cone shell 14 in the engine load-bearing casing through bolts passing through the end cover 8 and the flange edge 7C of the supporting outer ring 7 in sequence. The squirrel cage spring 11 is provided with a bearing positioning edge 11A for axial positioning of the bearing 12 .

The mass of the left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4, and the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 jointly determine the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device, and the mass and stiffness are based on the aero-engine rotor system The actual vibration environment is designed. The upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 are made of shape memory alloy wires, whose stiffness is regulated by temperature. At different temperatures, the metal rubber elements exhibit different stiffness characteristics.

As shown in Figure 3, a plurality of metal-rubber components are evenly distributed in the fixed seat assembly along the circumferential direction, and the number of the metal-rubber components is at least 8, so as to ensure that the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device can move in multiple vibration directions Both have good vibration absorption and energy dissipation performance.

The vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device has both the advantages of a vibration absorber and a damper. As a vibration absorber, by changing the temperature, the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 can be regulated, and then the natural frequency of the metal rubber components can be changed, so as to realize the efficient absorption of the vibration energy of the rotor by the vibration-absorbing and energy-consuming device. For the simple harmonic excitation caused by the unbalance of the rotor 13, the natural frequency of the metal-rubber assembly is changed to make it close to the rotational frequency of the rotor 13, so as to achieve efficient vibration absorption. For external impact excitation or white noise excitation, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to make it close to the main vibration frequency of the rotor 13 under external excitation, so as to achieve efficient vibration absorption. As a damper, when the rotor 13 vibrates, the squirrel cage spring 11 is deformed, and the metal helical wires inside the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 are relatively slipped, and the mechanical energy of the vibration is converted through dry friction It dissipates internal energy and achieves the effect of damping and vibration reduction.

Figure 8 is the vibration response curve of the rotor system when it is subjected to unbalanced excitation. In the figure, the black solid line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the general support and damping device installed, and the black dotted line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device installed. The damping coefficient of the support and damping device is the same as that of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device. It can be seen that compared with the general support and damping device, the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device has a more obvious damping effect on the rotor system at the resonance peak, and can realize efficient absorption and dissipation of vibration energy when the rotor is excited by unbalance.

Figure 9 is the vibration response curve of the rotor system when it is excited by the impact of lateral acceleration. In the figure, the black solid line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the general support and damping device installed, and the black dotted line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device installed. The damping coefficient of the support and damping device is the same as that of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device. The root mean square value of the rotor system installed with the general support damping device is 30% in the free vibration stage, and the root mean square value of the rotor system installed with the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device is 88% in the free vibration stage. It can be seen that compared with the general support and damping device, the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device has a more obvious damping effect on the broadband vibration of the rotor system, and can realize efficient absorption and dissipation of vibration energy when the rotor is excited by impact or white noise .

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for the supporting structure of the rotor system, characterized in that it is installed between the spring support of the squirrel cage and the load-bearing frame, and is used as a vibration absorber and a damper at the same time to realize efficient absorption of rotor vibration energy and dissipation; The vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device is composed of a metal-rubber assembly and a fixing seat assembly, and the metal-rubber assembly is located in the fixing seat assembly; The metal-rubber assembly includes an upper metal-rubber component, a lower metal-rubber component, a left mass block, a right mass block, bolts and nuts; the left mass block and the right mass block have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically, and a through hole, the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are located between the left mass block and the right mass block; the bolts pass through the left mass block and the right mass block in turn, and then tightened with nuts to form a metal rubber assembly; The fixed seat assembly includes a supporting outer ring, an end cover, a supporting inner ring and a limiting ring; the supporting inner ring is provided with an outer flange, an outer wall surface and an annular groove; the annular groove of the supporting inner ring is used for installing a limiting bit ring; the supporting outer ring is provided with an inner flange, an inner wall surface and a flange edge; The outer side of the metal rubber assembly realizes axial positioning through the inner flange of the supporting outer ring, realizes axial compression through the end cover, and realizes circumferential positioning through the inner wall surface of the supporting outer ring; the metal The inner side of the rubber assembly realizes axial positioning through the outer flange of the supporting inner ring, realizes axial compression through the limiting ring, and realizes circumferential positioning through the outer wall surface of the supporting inner ring; The supporting inner ring and the squirrel cage spring adopt interference fit to realize the radial fixation of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device; the squirrel cage spring is connected with the right cone shell in the load-bearing casing of the engine through bolts; the vibration-absorbing The energy structure is connected with the left cone shell in the engine load-bearing casing through the bolts passing through the end cover and the flange edge of the supporting outer ring in turn. 2. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass of the left mass block and the right mass block, and the rigidity of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element, jointly determine the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing and energy-consuming device, and the mass and stiffness are designed according to the actual vibration environment of the aeroengine rotor system. 3. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are made of shape-memory alloy wires, and their stiffness is affected by Temperature regulation, at different temperatures, the metal rubber components exhibit different stiffness characteristics. 4. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of identical metal-rubber assemblies are evenly distributed in the fixing seat assembly along the circumferential direction, and the metal-rubber assemblies The number of components is at least 8 to ensure that the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device has good vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating performance in multiple vibration directions. 5. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: as a vibration absorber, the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element can be adjusted by changing the temperature, Furthermore, the natural frequency of the metal-rubber assembly is changed, so as to realize the efficient absorption of the vibration energy of the rotor by the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device. 6. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: for the simple harmonic excitation caused by rotor unbalance, the natural frequency of the metal-rubber assembly is changed to make it close to that of the rotor Speed frequency for efficient vibration absorption. 7. The vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for the supporting structure of the rotor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: for the impact excitation or white noise excitation applied by the outside world, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to make it close to the outside world The main frequency of the vibration of the rotor under excitation is used to achieve high-efficiency vibration absorption. 8. A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for the supporting structure of the rotor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: as a damper, when the rotor vibrates, deformation occurs at the elastic support of the squirrel cage, and the upper metal rubber element and the lower The relative slip occurs between the metal helical wires inside the metal rubber element, and the mechanical energy of vibration is converted into internal energy dissipation through dry friction to achieve the effect of damping and vibration reduction.