CN116446796A - Remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming and pressure relief of coalbed methane gas pressure - Google Patents
Remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming and pressure relief of coalbed methane gas pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN116446796A CN116446796A CN202310642230.7A CN202310642230A CN116446796A CN 116446796 A CN116446796 A CN 116446796A CN 202310642230 A CN202310642230 A CN 202310642230A CN 116446796 A CN116446796 A CN 116446796A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote automatic coal uncovering method for gradually reaming and releasing gas pressure of coal bed gas, which comprises the following steps: a shield plate matched with the tunnel section is fixedly arranged at the tunnel section, and a perforation is formed in the shield plate; on the premise of no humanization, a variable-diameter hole making device is used for making holes from a perforation position to a tunnel section position, the variable-diameter hole making device firstly drills out a drilling hole with the minimum diameter, then reams the drilling hole for a plurality of times, the diameter of each hole which is reamed out is larger than that of the hole which is reamed out last time, and the maximum diameter of the reamed out hole is 800mm. The problem that the construction safety and the construction efficiency cannot be guaranteed simultaneously in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a remote automatic coal uncovering method for gradually reaming and releasing the gas pressure of coalbed methane, and belongs to the field of coal uncovering.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, the conventional coal uncovering method adopts an 11-step method, but the 11-step method needs to be operated by a person, mainly for the following reasons:
complexity: the mine environment is complex and variable, and various unexpected situations, such as geological changes, equipment faults, gas leakage and the like, can occur. These situations need to be manually found in time and treated adaptively;
safety monitoring: while there are some automated safety monitoring devices, they may not cover all safety risks, such as ground collapse, support structure breakage, etc. This requires manual regular inspection and monitoring;
equipment operation and maintenance: many mining equipment requires manual operation, adjustment and maintenance, especially in complex and changing mine environments;
emergency response: in the case of emergency situations in mines, such as fire, explosion, gas leakage and the like, emergency response, such as rescue, evacuation, fire extinguishment and the like, is required to be immediately performed by someone.
The problem with some work is that once any safety problems occur, such as subsidence of the ground, breakage of the supporting structure, and outburst of coal and gas, etc., whether small or small, the work needs to be stopped for safety reasons, which results in lower efficiency of the conventional 11-step method.
In addition, in order to judge, the traditional 11-step method needs to dig a roadway, a plurality of drilling holes need to be dug in the roadway to drain gas and relieve pressure, and according to the requirements of regulations, the work needs complicated preparation work, so that the construction efficiency of the traditional 11-step method is low.
Therefore, a construction method with high construction efficiency while ensuring construction safety is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the remote automatic coal uncovering method for gradually reaming and releasing the gas pressure of the coalbed methane is provided, and comprises the following steps:
a shield plate matched with the tunnel section is fixedly arranged at the tunnel section, and a perforation is formed in the shield plate;
on the premise of no humanization, a variable-diameter hole making device is used for making holes from a perforation position to a tunnel section position, the variable-diameter hole making device firstly drills out a drilling hole with the minimum diameter, then reams the drilling hole for a plurality of times, the diameter of each hole which is reamed out is larger than that of the hole which is reamed out last time, and the maximum diameter of the reamed out hole is 800mm.
Further, the method comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the steps that a retaining wall is arranged on a roadway behind a roadway section, a closed space is formed by surrounding the retaining wall and the roadway section in the roadway, an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the upper portion of the retaining wall, and air inlet of the air inlet is nitrogen.
Further, the initial diameter of the borehole was 50mm, with 50mm increase in diameter per reamer.
Specifically, the variable diameter hole making device comprises a drill bit and a reamer;
one end of the reamer is fixedly connected with the drill rod, and the other end of the reamer is fixedly connected with the drill bit.
Specifically, the reamer comprises a controller, a gyroscope, a body, a reamer, a driving rod, a plunger pump, an air storage tank, a one-way check valve, a pneumatic hydraulic cylinder and a bolt;
the body is provided with containing grooves distributed along the length direction of the body, the containing grooves comprise 2 containing grooves, the 2 containing grooves are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the body, the containing grooves are internally and rotatably connected with reaming cutters through rotating shafts, the included angle between the reaming cutters rotating on the rotating shafts and the body is changed, when the included angle between the reaming cutters and the body is 0 degree, the reaming cutters are just contained in the containing grooves, the reaming cutters are connected with the rotating shafts through rotating gears, one side of each gear is fixedly connected with one end part of each reaming cutter, and the rotating gears are connected on the rotating shafts;
the body is internally provided with a sliding hole, the central axis of the sliding hole is parallel to the length direction of the body, and the sliding hole is positioned at one side of a containing groove on the body, which is close to the drill bit;
one end of the driving rod is a guide block matched with the sliding hole, the driving rod is connected to the sliding hole in a sliding way, the other end of the driving rod is a rack matched with a gear, the rack is meshed with the gear, one end of the driving rod, which is close to a drill bit, is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder, the length direction of the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the length direction of the driving rod, an input port of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder is communicated with an output port of the air storage tank, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder and the air storage tank, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller;
the input port of the air storage tank is communicated with the output port of the plunger pump, the air inlet of the plunger pump is communicated with the outside, a one-way check valve is arranged between the air storage tank and the plunger pump, the conduction direction of the one-way check valve is from the plunger pump to the air storage tank, and the plunger pump is electrically connected with the controller;
the gyroscope is arranged in the body and is electrically connected with the controller;
the body is provided with a pin hole matched with the bolt at one end close to the drill bit, a spring is arranged in the pin hole, one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pin hole, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the bolt, the bolt is slidably arranged in the pin hole, the bolt is completely hidden in the pin hole when the compression rate of the spring exceeds a set value, and the bolt is exposed out of the pin hole when the compression rate of the spring is lower than the set value;
the bolt is wedge-shaped, the inclined plane of the bolt is positioned in the opposite direction of rotation during body tunneling, and the vertical plane of the bolt is positioned in the direction of rotation during body tunneling;
the drill bit is rotationally connected to the end of the body, the rotating shaft of the plunger pump is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the drill bit, the drill bit is provided with a jack with the same transverse size as the pin hole, and the transverse size is the projection size on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the drill bit.
Further, the pin hole is an arc taking the body as a central axis.
Further, the method further comprises:
s01, receiving the reamer into the accommodating groove, and punching from the punching position by using a drill bit until the drilling reaches a preset depth;
s02, reversely rotating the drill rod to a set value, sending the gyroscope to the controller by measuring the angular velocity of the body, judging the state of the drill rod as energy storage by the controller according to the direction of the angular velocity, and controlling the electromagnetic valve to be closed;
s03, measuring whether the reverse rotation time reaches a set value, stopping the reverse rotation if the reverse rotation time reaches the set value, and outwards extracting the drill rod by a set distance by the drilling machine, then controlling the drill rod to rotate positively, sending the measured body angular velocity to the controller by the gyroscope, judging the state of the drill rod to be reaming by the controller according to the direction of the angular velocity, and controlling the electromagnetic valve to be opened;
s04, forward rotating the drill rod to ream until the drill bit reaches the bottom of the drilled hole;
s05, jumping to the step S02, accumulating the cycle times, and jumping to the step S06 if the cycle times are larger than a set value;
s06, ending.
Further, the method further comprises:
in the steps S01, S03 and S04, the drilling fluid is conveyed into the drilled hole through the drill rod, and in the step S02, the conveying of the drilling fluid is stopped.
Further, the method further comprises:
measuring the pressure of a drill rod of the drilling machine in the length direction of the drill rod;
when the pressure is greater than the set threshold, the drill pipe is used to apply an equal pressure to the borehole.
Further, the method further comprises:
and (3) carrying out stress monitoring, gas change monitoring and displacement monitoring on the section of the roadway in the cave making process.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in contrast to the prior art, the method has the advantages that,
1) According to the invention, the shield plate is arranged at the section of the tunnel, and the variable-diameter hole making device is used for drilling holes on the section of the tunnel on the premise of no humanization, and because the shield plate blocks, even if the section of the tunnel has small protrusions, the drilling machine is more resistant to damage compared with people because no one exists, so that the risk of shutdown is greatly reduced in the hole making process, and the construction efficiency is higher;
2) According to the invention, the variable-diameter hole making device is used for gradually reaming at the section of the roadway until the diameter of the hole is 800mm, and as the diameter of the hole is an asymptotically enlarging process, coal and gas are smaller when the diameter of the hole is smaller, the pressure is continuously released in the reaming process, so that when the diameter of the hole reaches a certain degree, the purpose of pressure release is realized, and as the diameter of the drilled hole is smaller than the lower limit of the roadway, the hidden drilled hole can be constructed according to the specification of the hole instead of the lane, thereby realizing lane replacement by the hole and lane change by the hole, avoiding the use of the specification construction of the roadway and having higher construction efficiency;
3) The invention adopts unmanned construction, thus having no requirement on the oxygen content of air, thus being capable of forming a closed space by surrounding the retaining wall and the section of the tunnel in the tunnel, continuously inputting nitrogen which does not generate chemical reaction into the closed space through the air inlet, continuously discharging gases such as oxygen, carbon monoxide and the like in the closed space through the air outlet, and reducing explosion risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method of the background art of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial view at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the drill bit of the present invention from another perspective;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a circuit connection of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1-7, a remote automated coal uncovering method for progressive reaming and pressure relief of coalbed methane gas pressure, the method comprising the steps of: a shield plate 1 matched with the tunnel section 9 is fixedly arranged at the tunnel section 9 through a first anchor rod 10, and a perforation 1-1 is formed in the shield plate 1; on the premise of no humanization, a variable-diameter hole making device 6 is used for making holes from a perforation 1-1 to a tunnel section 9, the variable-diameter hole making device 6 firstly drills out a drilling hole with the minimum diameter, then reams the drilling hole for a plurality of times, the diameter of each hole which is reamed out is larger than that of the hole which is reamed out last time, and the maximum diameter of the reamed hole is 800mm.
Further, the method comprises the steps of: the roadway behind the roadway section 9 is provided with a retaining wall 2, the retaining wall 2 and the roadway section 9 form a closed space in the roadway, the upper part of the retaining wall 2 is provided with an air inlet 2-1 and an air outlet 2-2, and the air inlet of the air inlet 2-1 is nitrogen.
Further, the initial diameter of the borehole was 50mm, with 50mm increase in diameter per reamer.
Specifically, the variable diameter hole making device 6 comprises a drill bit 6-11 and a reamer; one end of the reamer is fixedly connected with the drill rod 5, and the other end of the reamer is fixedly connected with the drill bits 6-11.
The control of the reamer 6-2 of the existing reamer is controlled by inputting hydraulic pressure from the drill pipe 5, but this results in the need to specially arrange an oil pipe to pass through the interior of the drill pipe 5, so that the interior space of the drill pipe 5 is reduced, and the reduction of the interior space of the drill pipe 5 results in the reduction of the flow rate of the drilling fluid conveyed through the interior space of the drill pipe 5.
In addition, the coal uncovering method has the problem that the perforation aperture at the shield plate is always kept unchanged in the reaming process, the shield plate always blocks the drilled holes, and slag discharged by the existing drilling machine can be blocked by the shield plate.
In order to solve the above problems, in the present embodiment, specifically, the reamer includes a controller 6-12, a gyroscope 6-13, a body 6-1, a reamer 6-2, a driving rod 6-3, a plunger pump 6-8, a gas tank 6-6, a one-way check valve 6-7, a pneumatic cylinder 6-4, and a plug pin 6-10; the body 6-1 is provided with containing grooves 6-1-1 distributed along the length direction of the body 6-1, the containing grooves 6-1-1 comprise 2 containing grooves 6-1-1, the 2 containing grooves 6-1-1 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the body 6-1, the containing grooves 6-1-1 are internally connected with the reamer 6-2 through rotation of a rotating shaft, the included angle between the reamer 6-2 and the body 6-1, which is formed by rotation of the reamer 6-2 on the rotating shaft, is changed, when the included angle between the reamer 6-2 and the body 6-1 is 0 degree, the reamer 6-2 is just contained in the containing grooves 6-1-1, the reamer 6-2 is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft through a gear 6-2-1, one side of the gear 6-2-1 is fixedly connected with one end part of the reamer 6-2, and the gear 6-2-1 is rotationally connected on the rotating shaft; the body 6-1 is internally provided with a slide hole 6-1-2, the central axis of the slide hole 6-1-2 is parallel to the length direction of the body 6-1, and the slide hole 6-1-2 is positioned at one side of a containing groove 6-1-1 on the body 6-1, which is close to the drill bit 6-11; one end of the driving rod 6-3 is provided with a guide block 6-3-2 matched with the sliding hole 6-1-2, the driving rod 6-3 is connected to the sliding hole 6-1-2 in a sliding way, the other end of the driving rod 6-3 is provided with a rack 6-3-1 matched with the gear 6-2-1, the rack 6-3-1 and the gear 6-2-1 are mutually meshed, one end, close to a drill bit 6-11, of the driving rod 6-3 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4, the length direction of the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 is parallel to the length direction of the driving rod 6-3, an input port of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 is communicated with an output port of the air storage tank 6-6, an electromagnetic valve 6-5 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 and the air storage tank 6-6, and the electromagnetic valve 6-5 is electrically connected with the controller 6-12; the input port of the air storage tank 6-6 is communicated with the output port of the plunger pump 6-8, the air inlet of the plunger pump 6-8 is communicated with the outside, a one-way check valve 6-7 is arranged between the air storage tank 6-6 and the plunger pump 6-8, the conduction direction of the one-way check valve 6-7 is from the plunger pump 6-8 to the air storage tank 6-6, and the plunger pump 6-8 is electrically connected with the controller 6-12; the gyroscope 6-13 is arranged in the body 6-1, and the gyroscope 6-13 is electrically connected with the controller 6-12; one end of the body 6-1, which is close to the drill bit 6-11, is provided with a pin hole 6-8 matched with the bolt 6-10, a spring 6-9 is arranged in the pin hole 6-8, one end of the spring 6-9 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pin hole 6-8, the other end of the spring 6-9 is fixedly connected with the bolt 6-10, the bolt 6-10 is slidably arranged in the pin hole 6-8, when the compression rate of the spring 6-9 exceeds a set value, the bolt 6-10 is completely hidden in the pin hole 6-8, and when the compression rate of the spring 6-9 is lower than the set value, the bolt 6-10 is exposed out of the pin hole 6-8; the bolt 6-10 is wedge-shaped, the inclined plane of the bolt 6-10 is positioned in the opposite direction of rotation of the body 6-1 during tunneling, and the vertical plane of the bolt 6-10 is positioned in the direction of rotation of the body 6-1 during tunneling; the drill bit 6-11 is rotatably connected to the end of the body 6-1, the rotating shaft of the plunger pump 6-8 is fixedly connected with the drill bit rotating shaft 6-11-2, the drill bit 6-11 is provided with a jack 6-11-1 which has the same transverse dimension as the pin hole 6-8, and the transverse dimension is the projection dimension on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the drill bit 6-11.
During primary drilling, the reamer 6-2 is received in the receiving groove 6-1-1, and a drill bit 6-11 is used for punching holes from the position of the hole 1-1 until the drilling reaches a preset depth, so that the primary hole is drilled; then, the power of the expanding reamer 6-2 is stored during reaming, the method of energy storage is that the drill rod 5 is reversely rotated to a set value, the gyroscope 6-13 is transmitted to the controller 6-12 by measuring the angular velocity of the body 6-1, the controller 6-12 judges the state of the drill rod 5 to be energy storage through the direction of the angular velocity, and controls the electromagnetic valve 6-5 to be closed, so that the air storage tank 6-6 is filled with high-pressure gas, and the power is provided for the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 when the expanding reamer 6-2 is opened at the back; measuring whether the reverse rotation time reaches a set value, stopping the reverse rotation if the reverse rotation time reaches the set value, and outwards extracting the drill rod 5 by a set distance by the drilling machine 3, then controlling the drill rod 5 to rotate forwards, determining the state of the drill rod 5 to be reaming by the controller 6-12 through measuring the angular velocity of the body 6-1, controlling the electromagnetic valve 6-5 to be opened by the controller 6-12, and enabling the high-pressure gas stored in the gas storage tank 6-6 to drive the telescopic rod of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 to extend to drive the driving rod 6-3 to move back to the drill bit 6-11, so that the rack 6-3-1 on the driving rod 6-3 drives the gear 6-2-1 to rotate, increasing the opening angle of the reamer 6-2 and the body 6-1, and setting the increased angle by controlling the inflation amount of the gas tank; reaming is then performed by rotating the drill rod 5 in the forward direction until the drill bits 6-11 reach the bottom of the borehole. The steps from energy storage to reaming are repeated until the borehole diameter reaches a set maximum. In addition to the energy storage step, the slag drilled in the hole can be brought out of the drill hole by passing drilling fluid into the drill pipe 5 in other steps, for this purpose, the drill pipe 5 used in the present disclosure can use the drill pipe 5 with a hollow inside, and the drilling machine 3 is provided with a drilling fluid conveying device 4 for conveying the drilling fluid to the drill pipe 5, where the drilling machine is fixed in the roadway by the anchor rod. In addition, the rotation of the drill rod 5 is used for expanding the reamer 6-2 to store energy, so that a hydraulic pipe is not required to be arranged through the inner cavity of the drill rod 5, the drilling fluid flow is larger, and the hole washing effect is better. The drilling fluid is conveyed to the drilling hole where the reamer is located through the drill rod by using the drilling fluid conveying device, and can flow out from a smaller gap due to the fact that the drilling fluid is liquid, so that drilling slag drilled in the drilling hole is brought out of the drilling hole, and the cleaning of the drilling hole during reducing and hole making under the shielding condition of the shield plate is achieved.
Further, the pin hole 6-8 is an arc taking the body 6-1 as a central axis. Other shapes can generate radial pressure to the plug pin 6-10 because of the relative movement of the drill bit 6-11 and the body 6-1, and the relative movement of the drill bit 6-11 and the body 6-1 can not generate radial pressure to the plug pin 6-10 by taking the pin hole 6-8 as an arc taking the body 6-1 as a central axis, so that the plug pin 6-10 is protected.
Further, the method further comprises:
s01, receiving the reamer 6-2 into the accommodating groove 6-1-1, and punching from the position of the punching hole 1-1 by using the drill bit 6-11 until the drilling hole reaches a preset depth;
s02, reversely rotating the drill rod 5 to a set value, sending the gyroscope 6-13 to the controller 6-12 by measuring the angular velocity of the body 6-1, judging the state of the drill rod 5 as energy storage by the controller 6-12 according to the direction of the angular velocity, and controlling the electromagnetic valve 6-5 to be closed;
s03, measuring whether the reverse rotation time reaches a set value, stopping the reverse rotation if the reverse rotation time reaches the set value, and outwards extracting the drill rod 5 by a set distance by the drilling machine 3, then controlling the drill rod 5 to rotate forwards, sending the gyroscope 6-13 to the controller 6-12 by measuring the angular velocity of the body 6-1, judging the state of the drill rod 5 to be reaming by the controller 6-12 through the direction of the angular velocity, and controlling the electromagnetic valve 6-5 to be opened;
s04, forward rotating the drill rod 5 to ream until the drill bit 6-11 reaches the bottom of the drilled hole;
s05, jumping to the step S02, accumulating the cycle times, and jumping to the step S06 if the cycle times are larger than a set value;
s06, ending.
By the method, reaming of the drilling can be achieved, and the reaming cutter 6-2 does not need to be externally connected with a power source.
Further, the method further comprises: in steps S01, S03 and S04, the drilling fluid is fed into the borehole through the drill pipe 5, and in step S02, the feeding of the drilling fluid is stopped. The method can clean the drilling slag in the drilling hole, and the energy storage cannot be influenced by hole cleaning.
Since the tunnel section 9 has small coal and gas outburst, if the coal and gas outburst is not interfered, the tunnel section 9 can be caused to protrude in a large scale, and serious consequences are caused.
To solve this problem, in this embodiment, further, the method further includes: measuring the pressure of the drill rod 5 of the drilling machine 3 in the length direction of the drill rod 5; when the pressure is greater than the set threshold, the drill rod 5 is used to apply an equal pressure to the borehole.
The pressure value of the drill rod 5 can be obtained through a hydraulic gauge on the drill machine 3 for measuring the pressure of the drill rod 5, if the pressure value is larger than a threshold value, the drill rod 5 is pushed by the drill machine 3 to balance the pressure of coal and gas outburst, and because gaps are formed between the drill rod 5 and the holes, the coal and gas outburst can be eliminated through the gaps and the pressure is relieved slowly.
Further, the method further comprises: and (3) carrying out stress monitoring, gas change monitoring and displacement monitoring on the tunnel section 9 in the cave making process. The coal and gas outburst is monitored through monitoring stress monitoring, gas change monitoring and displacement monitoring, so that the outburst can be eliminated in a targeted manner.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The remote automatic coal uncovering method for gradually reaming and pressure relief of the gas pressure of the coalbed methane is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a shield plate (1) matched with the tunnel section (9) is fixedly arranged at the tunnel section (9), and a perforation (1-1) is formed on the shield plate (1);
on the premise of no humanization, a variable-diameter hole making device (6) is used for making holes from a perforation (1-1) to a roadway section (9), the variable-diameter hole making device (6) firstly drills a drilling hole with the minimum diameter, then reams the drilling hole for a plurality of times, the diameter of the hole which is formed by each time is larger than that of the hole which is formed by the last time, and the maximum diameter of the hole which is formed by the expansion is 800mm.
2. A method for remotely and automatically uncovering coal under progressive reaming and pressure relief coal bed methane gas pressure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the steps that a retaining wall (2) is arranged on a roadway behind a roadway section (9), a closed space is formed by surrounding the retaining wall (2) and the roadway section (9) in the roadway, an air inlet (2-1) and an air outlet (2-2) are formed in the upper portion of the retaining wall (2), and air inlet of the air inlet (2-1) is nitrogen.
3. The method of remotely and automatically uncovering coal under gas pressure in a progressive reaming pressure relief coal bed of claim 1, wherein the initial diameter of the borehole is 50mm, and the diameter of each reaming is increased by 50mm.
4. The remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming pressure relief of coal bed gas pressure according to claim 1, wherein the variable diameter hole making device (6) comprises a drill bit (6-11) and a reamer;
one end of the reamer is fixedly connected with the drill rod (5), and the other end of the reamer is fixedly connected with the drill bit (6-11).
5. The remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming pressure relief of coal bed gas pressure according to claim 4, wherein the reamer comprises a controller (6-12), a gyroscope (6-13), a body (6-1), a reamer (6-2), a driving rod (6-3), a plunger pump (6-8), a gas storage tank (6-6), a one-way check valve (6-7), a pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) and a bolt (6-10);
the device is characterized in that the body (6-1) is provided with storage grooves (6-1-1) distributed along the length direction of the body (6-1), the storage grooves (6-1-1) comprise 2 storage grooves (6-1-1) which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the body (6-1), the storage grooves (6-1-1) are rotationally connected with the reamer (6-2) through a rotating shaft, the included angle between the reamer (6-2) and the body (6-1) which are rotationally arranged on the rotating shaft is changed, when the included angle between the reamer (6-2) and the body (6-1) is 0 degree, the reamer (6-2) is just stored in the storage grooves (6-1-1), the reamer (6-2) is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft through a gear (6-2-1), one side of the gear (6-2-1) is fixedly connected with one end part of the reamer (6-2), and the gear (6-2-1) is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft;
the body (6-1) is internally provided with a sliding hole (6-1-2), the central axis of the sliding hole (6-1-2) is parallel to the length direction of the body (6-1), and the sliding hole (6-1-2) is positioned at one side of a storage groove (6-1-1) on the body (6-1) close to a drill bit (6-11);
one end of the driving rod (6-3) is a guide block (6-3-2) matched with the sliding hole (6-1-2), the driving rod (6-3) is connected to the sliding hole (6-1-2) in a sliding mode, the other end of the driving rod (6-3) is a rack (6-3-1) matched with the gear (6-2-1), the rack (6-3-1) and the gear (6-2-1) are meshed with each other, one end, close to a drill bit (6-11), of the driving rod (6-3) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4), the length direction of the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) is parallel to the length direction of the driving rod (6-3), an input port of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) is communicated with an output port of a gas storage tank (6-6), an electromagnetic valve (6-5) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) and the gas storage tank (6-6), and the electromagnetic valve (6-5) is electrically connected with a controller (6-12);
the input port of the air storage tank (6-6) is communicated with the output port of the plunger pump (6-8), the air inlet of the plunger pump (6-8) is communicated with the outside, a one-way check valve (6-7) is arranged between the air storage tank (6-6) and the plunger pump (6-8), the conduction direction of the one-way check valve (6-7) is from the plunger pump (6-8) to the air storage tank (6-6), and the plunger pump (6-8) is electrically connected with the controller (6-12);
the gyroscope (6-13) is arranged in the body (6-1), and the gyroscope (6-13) is electrically connected with the controller (6-12);
the novel drilling machine is characterized in that one end of the body (6-1) close to the drill bit (6-11) is provided with a pin hole (6-8) matched with the bolt (6-10), a spring (6-9) is arranged in the pin hole (6-8), one end of the spring (6-9) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pin hole (6-8), the other end of the spring (6-9) is fixedly connected with the bolt (6-10), the bolt (6-10) is slidably mounted in the pin hole (6-8), when the compression rate of the spring (6-9) exceeds a set value, the bolt (6-10) is completely hidden in the pin hole (6-8), and when the compression rate of the spring (6-9) is lower than the set value, the bolt (6-10) is exposed out of the pin hole (6-8);
the bolt (6-10) is wedge-shaped, the inclined plane of the bolt (6-10) is positioned in the opposite direction of rotation of the body (6-1) during tunneling, and the vertical plane of the bolt (6-10) is positioned in the direction of rotation of the body (6-1) during tunneling;
the drill bit (6-11) is rotationally connected to the end of the body (6-1), the rotating shaft of the plunger pump (6-8) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (6-11-2) of the drill bit, the drill bit (6-11) is provided with a jack (6-11-1) with the same transverse size as the pin hole (6-8), and the transverse size refers to the projection size on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the drill bit (6-11).
6. The method for remotely and automatically uncovering coal under gas pressure of progressive reaming and pressure relief coal bed gas according to claim 5, wherein the pin hole (6-8) is an arc taking the body (6-1) as a central axis.
7. A method of remotely automating coal uncovering a progressive reaming pressure relief coal bed methane gas pressure as claimed in claim 5, further comprising:
s01, receiving the reamer (6-2) into the accommodating groove (6-1-1), and punching from the punched hole (1-1) by using the drill bit (6-11) until the punched hole reaches a preset depth;
s02, reversely rotating the drill rod (5) to a set value, sending the angular speed of the gyroscope (6-13) to the controller (6-12) through measuring the angular speed of the body (6-1), judging the state of the drill rod (5) to be energy storage through the direction of the angular speed by the controller (6-12), and controlling the electromagnetic valve (6-5) to be closed;
s03, measuring whether the reverse rotation time reaches a set value, stopping the reverse rotation if the reverse rotation time reaches the set value, and outwards extracting the drill rod (5) by a set distance by the drilling machine (3), then controlling the drill rod (5) to rotate forwards, sending the gyroscope (6-13) to the controller (6-12) by measuring the angular velocity of the body (6-1), judging the state of the drill rod (5) to be reaming by the controller (6-12) according to the direction of the angular velocity, and controlling the electromagnetic valve (6-5) to be opened;
s04, reaming is carried out on the forward rotating drill rod (5) until the drill bit (6-11) reaches the bottom of a drilled hole;
s05, jumping to the step S02, accumulating the cycle times, and jumping to the step S06 if the cycle times are larger than a set value;
s06, ending.
8. The method of remotely automating coal uncovering for progressive reaming pressure relief of coal bed gas pressure as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
in the steps S01, S03 and S04, the drilling fluid is conveyed into the drilling hole through the drill rod (5), and in the step S02, the conveying of the drilling fluid is stopped.
9. A method of remotely automating coal uncovering a progressive reaming pressure relief coal bed methane gas pressure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
measuring the pressure of a drill rod (5) of the drilling machine (3) in the length direction of the drill rod (5);
when the pressure is greater than a set threshold, the drill rod (5) is used to apply an equal pressure to the borehole.
10. A method of remotely automating coal uncovering a progressive reaming pressure relief coal bed methane gas pressure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
and (3) carrying out stress monitoring, gas change monitoring and displacement monitoring on the tunnel section (9) in the cave making process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310642230.7A CN116446796A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming and pressure relief of coalbed methane gas pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310642230.7A CN116446796A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming and pressure relief of coalbed methane gas pressure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116446796A true CN116446796A (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310642230.7A Pending CN116446796A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Remote automatic coal uncovering method for progressive reaming and pressure relief of coalbed methane gas pressure |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116446796A (en) |
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- 2023-06-01 CN CN202310642230.7A patent/CN116446796A/en active Pending
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