CN116411964A - Hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock and use method - Google Patents
Hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock and use method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000139306 Platt Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/60—Slitting by jets of water or other liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/002—Drilling with diversely driven shafts extending into the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/106—Making by using boring or cutting machines with percussive tools, e.g. pick-hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
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Abstract
本发明公开一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置及使用方法,属于硬岩巷(隧)道高效快速掘进技术领域,本发明提供的适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置,包括钻杆、气动钻孔系统、水力压裂系统、协同控制系统及截割头。利用本发明提供的适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置可以对所需掘进硬岩进行钻孔并压裂,降低岩体强度,待压裂效果良好时,使用截割头对压裂后硬岩进行截割,整个工序由同一设备完成,从而达到安全连续高效开采的目的。克服了常规硬岩压裂掘进速度慢、效率低、工序多等问题,减少了硬岩掘进的工作步骤,真正使得硬岩掘进过程成为一体化工序,提高了硬岩的开采效率。
The invention discloses a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock and a method of use thereof, belonging to the technical field of high-efficiency and rapid excavation of hard rock roadways (tunnels). The hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock provided by the invention Equipment, including drill pipe, pneumatic drilling system, hydraulic fracturing system, coordinated control system and cutting head. The hydraulic fracturing and cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock provided by the present invention can be used to drill and fracture the required hard rock to reduce the strength of the rock mass. When the fracturing effect is good, use the cutting head to correct the fracture After the hard rock is cut, the whole process is completed by the same equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of safe, continuous and efficient mining. It overcomes the problems of slow speed, low efficiency, and many procedures of conventional hard rock fracturing, reduces the working steps of hard rock excavation, truly makes the hard rock excavation process an integrated process, and improves the mining efficiency of hard rock.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于硬岩巷(隧)道高效快速掘进技术领域,尤其涉及一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置及使用方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of high-efficiency and rapid excavation of hard rock roadways (tunnels), and in particular relates to a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock and a use method.
背景技术Background technique
由于深部地层复杂的地质结构,煤矿开采掘进时经常遇到硬岩巷道,岩巷钻爆法掘进水平常年维持在70m~80m/月,掘进效率低,采掘接替关系紧张。金属矿山面临的情况更为严峻,国外采深达到1000m以上的金属矿山有112座,其中采深超过3000m的有16座(12座位于南非,全部为金矿)。特别是当巷道岩石普氏系数f>6时,岩巷掘进存在推进速度慢、资源消耗量大、掘进成本高等问题。因此,硬岩巷道掘进难度大与能源需求量增加的矛盾日益凸显,是亟需解决的重大难题。Due to the complex geological structure of the deep stratum, hard rock roadways are often encountered during coal mine excavation. The drilling and blasting method of rock roadway is maintained at a level of 70m-80m/month all year round. The excavation efficiency is low and the relationship between mining and replacement is tense. The situation faced by metal mines is even more severe. There are 112 foreign metal mines with a mining depth of more than 1000m, of which 16 mines have a mining depth of more than 3000m (12 are located in South Africa, all of which are gold mines). Especially when the roadway rock's Platts coefficient f>6, the rock roadway excavation has problems such as slow advancing speed, large resource consumption, and high excavation cost. Therefore, the contradiction between the difficulty of hard rock roadway excavation and the increase in energy demand has become increasingly prominent, and it is a major problem that needs to be solved urgently.
针对地下深部硬岩巷道掘进难度大的问题,许多学者开始对全岩巷道掘进设备及工艺进行优化调整。钻爆法破岩一直以来都是硬岩矿山巷道开挖和采矿的主导方法,近些年来爆破工艺也在优化。其主要优点是作业准备快,对岩石适应性强,移动灵活,遇到地质断层和技术故障容易处理。但仍存在平均掘进速度较低,难以组织多工序交叉作业,炮烟危害严重及危险性较高等缺点。In view of the difficulty of excavating deep underground hard rock roadways, many scholars have begun to optimize and adjust the excavation equipment and technology of whole rock roadways. Rock breaking by drilling and blasting has always been the dominant method for roadway excavation and mining in hard rock mines, and the blasting process has also been optimized in recent years. Its main advantages are fast operation preparation, strong adaptability to rock, flexible movement, and easy handling of geological faults and technical failures. However, there are still disadvantages such as low average excavation speed, difficulty in organizing multi-process cross-operation, serious hazards of gun smoke and high risk.
因此,为解决炮采危害及缺点,硬岩地下矿山机械化开采技术逐渐成为学者研究的焦点。学者们总结出地下硬岩机械化连续采矿的设备类型,分为钻进式设备、切割盘式掘进机、转筒切割盘式掘进机以及悬臂式平巷掘进机等。近年来,我国掘进机所使用的刀盘结构不断改进,材质不断优化,促使其整体性能不断提高,硬岩掘进设备及工艺技术得到较大程度的优化。然而,为实现硬岩巷道高效掘进,只从截齿刀盘结构单方面进行优化,难以起到很好的掘进效果,需同时对巷道硬岩本身力学性质的进行改变,即在掘进机性能不变的条件下,通过改变岩石、岩体的结构和强度,达到提高掘进机工作效率的目的。Therefore, in order to solve the hazards and shortcomings of blast mining, the mechanized mining technology of hard rock underground mines has gradually become the focus of scholars' research. Scholars have summarized the types of equipment for mechanized continuous mining of underground hard rock, which are divided into drilling equipment, cutting disc roadheaders, rotary cutting disc roadheaders, and cantilever type roadheaders. In recent years, the structure of the cutter head used in roadheaders in my country has been continuously improved, and the material has been continuously optimized, which has promoted the continuous improvement of its overall performance, and the hard rock excavation equipment and technology have been optimized to a greater extent. However, in order to achieve high-efficiency tunneling in hard rock roadways, it is difficult to achieve a good tunneling effect by only optimizing the structure of the pick cutter head. It is necessary to change the mechanical properties of the hard rock in the roadway at the same time. Under changing conditions, the purpose of improving the working efficiency of the roadheader is achieved by changing the structure and strength of the rock and rock mass.
目前,高效的硬岩巷道掘进技术都是预先处理岩体后辅助机械化截割破岩。尤其是水力压裂辅助机械破岩效果较为明显,是使用广泛和完善的压裂技术,并且已经成功运用到页岩石油、致密油气等领域。常规的水力压裂掘进方法需先使用钻机在硬岩内部打入水力压裂钻孔,再移步水力压裂设备对硬岩岩体进行压裂,压裂完毕后移走水力压裂设备,推进掘进机至工作面处进行掘进。At present, the most efficient hard rock roadway excavation technology is to pre-treat the rock mass and then assist mechanized cutting to break the rock. In particular, the effect of hydraulic fracturing-assisted mechanical rock breaking is more obvious. It is a widely used and perfect fracturing technology, and has been successfully applied to shale oil, tight oil and gas and other fields. The conventional hydraulic fracturing method needs to use a drilling rig to drill hydraulic fracturing holes inside the hard rock, and then move hydraulic fracturing equipment to fracture the hard rock mass. After the fracturing is completed, remove the hydraulic fracturing equipment. Push the roadheader to the working face for excavation.
但是这种常规的水力压裂方法耗时费力,需对硬岩巷(隧)道掘进设备进行改进及优化,从而达到硬岩水力压裂与掘进一体化的目标。However, this conventional hydraulic fracturing method is time-consuming and laborious, and it is necessary to improve and optimize the excavation equipment of hard rock roadway (tunnel) so as to achieve the goal of integrating hard rock hydraulic fracturing and excavation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置及使用方法,以解决上述现有技术存在的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic fracturing and cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock and its use method, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置,包括:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock, including:
钻杆,所述钻杆为水力压裂与掘进一体化钻杆,所述钻杆一端可拆卸连接有锥形钻头;A drill pipe, the drill pipe is an integrated hydraulic fracturing and excavation drill pipe, and one end of the drill pipe is detachably connected with a tapered drill bit;
气动钻孔系统,所述气动钻孔系统用于产出高压气体,并驱动所述钻杆进行钻孔;Pneumatic drilling system, the pneumatic drilling system is used to produce high-pressure gas, and drive the drill rod to drill;
水力压裂系统,所述水力压裂系统与所述钻杆连通,所述水力压裂系统用于提供高压力压裂液;a hydraulic fracturing system in communication with the drill pipe, the hydraulic fracturing system for providing high pressure fracturing fluid;
协同控制系统,所述气动钻孔系统、所述水力压裂系统均与所述协同控制系统连通,所述协同控制系统用于实现所述钻杆的气动钻孔、水力压裂功能相互转换;A cooperative control system, the pneumatic drilling system and the hydraulic fracturing system are both connected to the cooperative control system, and the cooperative control system is used to realize the mutual conversion between the pneumatic drilling and hydraulic fracturing functions of the drill pipe;
截割头,所述截割头安装在掘进机上,所述钻杆同轴套设在所述截割头的中部,所述气动钻孔系统与所述截割头传动配合。A cutting head, the cutting head is installed on the roadheader, the drill rod is coaxially sleeved in the middle of the cutting head, and the pneumatic drilling system is in transmission cooperation with the cutting head.
优选的,所述协同控制系统包括气液加压提速箱和气液分离转换室,所述气液加压提速箱固定安装在所述掘进机的控制台上,所述气动钻孔系统、所述水力压裂系统均与所述气液加压提速箱连通;所述钻杆与所述气液分离转换室连通,所述气液分离转换室用于实现所述钻杆的气动钻孔、水力压裂功能相互转换,所述气动钻孔系统、所述水力压裂系统均与所述气液分离转换室连通。Preferably, the cooperative control system includes a gas-hydraulic pressurized gearbox and a gas-liquid separation conversion chamber, the gas-hydraulic pressurized gearbox is fixedly installed on the console of the roadheader, the pneumatic drilling system, the The hydraulic fracturing systems are all in communication with the gas-liquid pressurization speed-up box; the drill pipe is in communication with the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber, and the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber is used to realize the pneumatic drilling and hydraulic drilling of the drill pipe. The fracturing functions are mutually converted, and the pneumatic drilling system and the hydraulic fracturing system are both in communication with the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber.
优选的,所述气动钻孔系统包括高压气动机,所述高压气动机用于产出高压气体,所述高压气动机固定安装在所述气液加压提速箱的内侧底部,所述高压气动机靠近所述气液分离转换室的一侧、所述高压气动机的顶部均固定连通有高压出气管,所述高压出气管上均安装有控制阀,所述高压气动机靠近所述气液分离转换室一侧的所述高压出气管与所述气液分离转换室连通;所述气液分离转换室远离所述高压气动机的一侧连通有动力发动机,所述钻杆、所述截割头均与所述动力发动机传动配合。Preferably, the pneumatic drilling system includes a high-pressure pneumatic motor, which is used to produce high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure pneumatic motor is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the gas-hydraulic pressurized gearbox. The side of the machine close to the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber and the top of the high-pressure air motor are fixedly connected with high-pressure air outlet pipes, and control valves are installed on the high-pressure air outlet pipes, and the high-pressure air motor is close to the gas-liquid The high-pressure gas outlet pipe on one side of the separation conversion chamber communicates with the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber; the side of the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber away from the high-pressure pneumatic motor communicates with a power engine, and the drill pipe, the cut-off Cutting head all cooperates with described power engine transmission.
优选的,所述掘进机的顶部固定连接有金属支架保护壳,所述气液分离转换室、所述气液加压提速箱、所述控制台均设置于所述金属支架保护壳内,所述动力发动机固定安装在所述金属支架保护壳上。Preferably, the top of the boring machine is fixedly connected with a metal bracket protective shell, and the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber, the gas-liquid pressurized speed-up box, and the console are all arranged in the metal bracket protective shell, and the The power engine is fixedly installed on the metal bracket protective shell.
优选的,所述高压气动机包括中心轴,所述中心轴的外侧依次套设有动力机芯、旋转外圈,所述中心轴由低压进气口和高压出气口组成;通过动力机芯的旋转运动使得气体被急剧压缩并通过高压出气口排出。Preferably, the high-pressure pneumatic motor includes a central shaft, a power core and a rotating outer ring are sheathed on the outside of the central shaft in turn, and the central shaft is composed of a low-pressure air inlet and a high-pressure air outlet; The rotary motion causes the gas to be compressed sharply and discharged through the high-pressure gas outlet.
优选的,所述水力压裂系统包括高压水泵箱,所述高压水泵箱内设置有水压加载器,所述高压水泵箱的顶部外壁上固定连接有水压监测仪,所述水压监测仪用于监测所述水压加载器所提升的水压数值;所述高压水泵箱通过高压通水管道与所述气液分离转换室连通,所述气液加压提速箱固定安装在所述高压通水管道上。Preferably, the hydraulic fracturing system includes a high-pressure water pump box, a hydraulic pressure loader is arranged inside the high-pressure water pump box, a water pressure monitor is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the high-pressure water pump box, and the water pressure monitor It is used to monitor the hydraulic value raised by the hydraulic pressure loader; the high-pressure water pump box communicates with the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber through a high-pressure water pipe, and the gas-liquid pressurization speed-up box is fixedly installed on the high-pressure on the water pipe.
优选的,所述截割头上设置有连接轴,所述动力发动机通过所述连接轴与所述截割头传动配合;所述动力发动机与所述截割头之间设置有角度调节部,所述角度调节部用于控制所述截割头的截割角度。Preferably, the cutting head is provided with a connecting shaft, and the power motor is in transmission cooperation with the cutting head through the connecting shaft; an angle adjustment part is arranged between the power motor and the cutting head, The angle adjusting part is used to control the cutting angle of the cutting head.
优选的,所述角度调节部包括固定安装在所述动力发动机顶部的固定轴,所述固定轴的顶端设置有销钉孔,所述固定轴通过所述销钉孔铰接有摇杆,所述摇杆的内部设置有铰接伸缩缸,所述铰接伸缩缸的固定端与所述摇杆固定连接,所述铰接伸缩缸的移动端与所述截割头铰接;所述摇杆的中部铰接有固定伸缩缸,所述固定伸缩缸的末端与所述动力发动机固定连接。Preferably, the angle adjustment part includes a fixed shaft fixedly installed on the top of the power engine, a pin hole is provided at the top of the fixed shaft, and a rocker is hinged to the fixed shaft through the pin hole, and the rocker The interior of the hinged telescopic cylinder is provided with a fixed end of the hinged telescopic cylinder fixedly connected with the rocker, and the moving end of the hinged telescopic cylinder is hinged with the cutting head; the middle part of the rocker is hinged with a fixed telescopic cylinder, and the end of the fixed telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the power engine.
一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置的使用方法,包括以下步骤:A method for using a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock, comprising the following steps:
S1、高压气动机产出高压气体带动钻杆钻进硬岩形成水力压裂钻孔;S1. The high-pressure air motor produces high-pressure gas to drive the drill pipe to drill into the hard rock to form a hydraulic fracturing hole;
S2、调节气液分离转换室的控制阀,实现钻杆气动钻孔与水力压裂功能的相互切换;S2. Adjust the control valve of the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber to realize the mutual switching between the pneumatic drilling and hydraulic fracturing functions of the drill pipe;
S3、高压水泵箱提供高压力压裂液;S3. The high-pressure water pump box provides high-pressure fracturing fluid;
S4、压裂液流经气液加压提速箱时通过高压气动机进一步增大压裂液的压力;S4. When the fracturing fluid flows through the gas-hydraulic pressurized gearbox, the pressure of the fracturing fluid is further increased by the high-pressure pneumatic motor;
S5、调节截割头的角度进行全方位压裂,并对压裂后的岩体进行截割。S5. Adjust the angle of the cutting head to perform all-round fracturing, and cut the fractured rock mass.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点和技术效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
本发明通过气液分离转换室与气液加压提速箱,将高压水泵箱的水力压裂功能与气压发动机的打孔钻进功能相结合,待硬岩压裂过后通过调节截割头的角度和掘进深度对硬岩进行全方位截割,减少硬岩掘进的工作步骤,真正使得硬岩掘进过程成为一体化工序,整个工序由同一设备完成,从而达到安全连续高效开采的目的;克服了常规硬岩压裂掘进速度慢、效率低、工序多等问题,提高了硬岩的开采效率。The invention combines the hydraulic fracturing function of the high-pressure water pump box with the drilling and drilling function of the pneumatic engine through the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber and the gas-liquid pressurization speed-up box, and adjusts the angle of the cutting head after the hard rock fracturing Cut the hard rock in all directions according to the depth of the excavation, reduce the working steps of the hard rock excavation, and truly make the hard rock excavation process an integrated process. The whole process is completed by the same equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of safe, continuous and efficient mining; overcome the conventional Hard rock fracturing has problems such as slow driving speed, low efficiency, and many processes, which improve the mining efficiency of hard rock.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明中一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置的使用方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of using a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock in the present invention;
图2为本发明中一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock in the present invention;
图3为本发明中一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置置于完整掘进机中的详细结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock placed in a complete roadheader in the present invention;
图4为本发明中一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置的高压气动机示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure pneumatic motor of a hydraulic fracturing and cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock in the present invention;
图5为本发明中一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置的截割头的示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cutting head of a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock in the present invention;
其中:1、高压水泵箱;2、水压加载器;3、水压监测仪;4、高压通水管道;5、气液加压提速箱;6、控制台;7、气液分离转换室;8、控制阀;9、动力发动机;10、钻杆;11、硬岩;12、锥形钻头;13、截割头;14、压裂岩体;15、金属支架保护壳;16、连接轴;17、高压气动机;18、高压出气管;19、固定轴;20、铰接伸缩缸;21、固定伸缩缸;22、旋转外圈;23、中心轴;24、动力机芯;25、低压进气口;26、高压出气口。Among them: 1. High-pressure water pump box; 2. Water pressure loader; 3. Water pressure monitor; 4. High-pressure water pipe; 5. Gas-liquid pressurized speed-up box; 6. Console; ; 8, control valve; 9, power engine; 10, drill pipe; 11, hard rock; 12, conical drill bit; 13, cutting head; 14, fracturing rock mass; 15, metal support shell; 16, connection Shaft; 17, high-pressure pneumatic motor; 18, high-pressure air outlet pipe; 19, fixed shaft; 20, hinged telescopic cylinder; 21, fixed telescopic cylinder; 22, rotating outer ring; 23, central shaft; 24, power movement; 25, Low-pressure air inlet; 26, high-pressure air outlet.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
本发明提供一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置,包括:The invention provides a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock, including:
钻杆10,钻杆10为水力压裂与掘进一体化钻杆,钻杆10一端可拆卸连接有锥形钻头12;
气动钻孔系统,气动钻孔系统用于产出高压气体,并驱动钻杆10进行钻孔;Pneumatic drilling system, the pneumatic drilling system is used to produce high-pressure gas and drive the
水力压裂系统,水力压裂系统与钻杆10连通,水力压裂系统用于提供高压力压裂液;A hydraulic fracturing system, the hydraulic fracturing system communicates with the
协同控制系统,气动钻孔系统、水力压裂系统均与协同控制系统连通,协同控制系统用于实现钻杆10的气动钻孔、水力压裂功能相互转换;The collaborative control system, the pneumatic drilling system, and the hydraulic fracturing system are all connected to the collaborative control system, and the collaborative control system is used to realize the mutual conversion between the pneumatic drilling and hydraulic fracturing functions of the
截割头13,截割头13安装在掘进机上,钻杆10同轴套设在截割头13的中部,气动钻孔系统与截割头13传动配合。Cutting
本发明将钻孔-水力压裂-掘进硬岩三个步骤通过水力压裂截割协同装置整合为一个完整流程,显著提升硬岩掘进安全开采效率。The invention integrates the three steps of drilling-hydraulic fracturing-excavation of hard rock into a complete process through a hydraulic fracturing and cutting cooperative device, which significantly improves the safe mining efficiency of hard rock excavation.
进一步的,协同控制系统包括气液加压提速箱5和气液分离转换室7,气液加压提速箱5固定安装在掘进机的控制台6上,控制台6可通过升降调整截割高度;气动钻孔系统、水力压裂系统均与气液加压提速箱5连通;钻杆10与气液分离转换室7连通,气液分离转换室7用于实现钻杆10的气动钻孔、水力压裂功能相互转换,气动钻孔系统、水力压裂系统均与气液分离转换室7连通。Further, the cooperative control system includes a gas-hydraulic pressurization speed-up box 5 and a gas-liquid separation conversion chamber 7, the gas-liquid pressurization speed-up box 5 is fixedly installed on the
进一步的,气动钻孔系统包括高压气动机17,高压气动机17用于产出高压气体,高压气动机17固定安装在气液加压提速箱5的内侧底部,高压气动机17靠近气液分离转换室7的一侧、高压气动机17的顶部均固定连通有高压出气管18,高压出气管18上均安装有控制阀8,高压气动机17靠近气液分离转换室7一侧的高压出气管18与气液分离转换室7连通;气液分离转换室7远离高压气动机17的一侧连通有动力发动机9,钻杆10、截割头13均与动力发动机9传动配合。Further, the pneumatic drilling system includes a high-
进一步的,掘进机的顶部固定连接有金属支架保护壳15,气液分离转换室7、气液加压提速箱5、控制台6均设置于金属支架保护壳15内,动力发动机9固定安装在金属支架保护壳15上。Further, the top of the boring machine is fixedly connected with a metal bracket
进一步的,高压气动机17包括中心轴23,中心轴23的外侧依次套设有动力机芯24、旋转外圈22,中心轴23由低压进气口25和高压出气口26组成;通过动力机芯24的旋转运动使得气体被急剧压缩并通过高压出气口26排出。Further, the high-
进一步的,水力压裂系统包括高压水泵箱1,高压水泵箱1内设置有水压加载器2,高压水泵箱1的顶部外壁上固定连接有水压监测仪3,水压监测仪3用于监测水压加载器2所提升的水压数值;高压水泵箱1通过高压通水管道4与气液分离转换室7连通,气液加压提速箱5固定安装在高压通水管道4上。Further, the hydraulic fracturing system includes a high-pressure water pump box 1, a
进一步的,截割头13上设置有连接轴16,动力发动机9通过连接轴16与截割头13传动配合;动力发动机9与截割头13之间设置有角度调节部,角度调节部用于控制截割头13的截割角度。Further, the cutting
进一步的,角度调节部包括固定安装在动力发动机9顶部的固定轴19,固定轴19的顶端设置有销钉孔,固定轴19通过销钉孔铰接有摇杆,摇杆的内部设置有铰接伸缩缸20,铰接伸缩缸20的固定端与摇杆固定连接,铰接伸缩缸20的移动端与截割头13铰接;摇杆的中部铰接有固定伸缩缸21,固定伸缩缸21的末端与动力发动机9固定连接。Further, the angle adjustment part includes a fixed
本发明掘进水力压裂钻孔所使用的钻杆10与水力压裂时使用的高压管道为同一管道,通过切换气液分离转换室7的控制阀8来实现钻孔与水力压裂的不同功能。例如,打开高压出气管18的控制阀8,但关闭气液分离转换室7的控制阀8实现气动钻孔功能,气体通过高压气动机17进入气液分离转换室7并通过动力发动机9带动钻杆10钻进形成水力压裂所需钻孔。相反,关闭高压出气管18的控制阀8,打开气液分离转换室7的控制阀8可以实现水力压裂功能,液体通过高压水泵箱1、高压通水管道4进入气液加压提速箱5,进一步提高了压裂液的压力,再通过气液分离转换室7进入钻杆10实现压裂功能。The
一种适用于硬岩的水力压裂截割协同装置的使用方法,包括以下步骤:A method for using a hydraulic fracturing cutting cooperative device suitable for hard rock, comprising the following steps:
S1、高压气动机17产出高压气体带动钻杆10钻进硬岩形成水力压裂钻孔;S1. The high-
S2、调节气液分离转换室7的控制阀8,实现钻杆10气动钻孔与水力压裂功能的相互切换;S2. Adjust the
S3、高压水泵箱1提供高压力压裂液;S3. The high-pressure water pump box 1 provides high-pressure fracturing fluid;
S4、压裂液流经气液加压提速箱5时通过高压气动机17进一步增大压裂液的压力;S4. When the fracturing fluid flows through the gas-liquid pressurized speed-up box 5, the pressure of the fracturing fluid is further increased by the high-
S5、调节截割头13的角度进行全方位压裂,并对压裂后的岩体进行截割。S5. Adjust the angle of the cutting
本发明通过气液分离转换室7与气液加压提速箱5,将高压水泵箱1的水力压裂功能与气压发动机的打孔钻进功能相结合,待硬岩压裂过后通过调节截割头13的角度和掘进深度对硬岩进行全方位截割,减少硬岩掘进的工作步骤,真正使得硬岩掘进过程成为一体化工序。水力压裂的钻杆10与掘进的钻杆10为同一装置,钻杆10一端与气液分离转换室7相连,通过气液分离转换室7内的控制阀8调节气动钻杆掘进和水力压裂工作次序。通过调节截割头13上的铰接伸缩缸20,来控制截割头13掘进的角度,水力压裂与掘进的钻杆10角度也随之改变,实现硬岩全方位一体化钻进压裂与截割。The present invention combines the hydraulic fracturing function of the high-pressure water pump box 1 with the perforating and drilling function of the pneumatic engine through the gas-liquid separation conversion chamber 7 and the gas-liquid pressurization speed-up box 5. The angle and depth of the
以上,仅为本申请较佳的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only preferred specific implementation methods of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. All should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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CN118095127A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-05-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A comprehensive characterization method for the cuttability of hard rocks during hydraulic fracturing |
CN118095127B (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-07-26 | 中国矿业大学 | A comprehensive characterization method for the cuttability of hard rock during hydraulic fracturing |
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US12188339B2 (en) | 2025-01-07 |
US20240392669A1 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
NL2037151B1 (en) | 2024-09-09 |
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