CN103195468A - System process for conducting efficient strengthened extraction in surrounding rock - Google Patents
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- CN103195468A CN103195468A CN2013101121776A CN201310112177A CN103195468A CN 103195468 A CN103195468 A CN 103195468A CN 2013101121776 A CN2013101121776 A CN 2013101121776A CN 201310112177 A CN201310112177 A CN 201310112177A CN 103195468 A CN103195468 A CN 103195468A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses system process for conducting efficient strengthened extraction in a surrounding rock. The system process includes that a common drilling machine is used for forming a drill hole through a pneumatic impacter in the surrounding rock, namely a top plate or a base plate, of a coal reservoir, wherein strengthened extraction is planned to be implemented on the coal reservoir, a plurality of spray holes for communicating a coal rock stratum and the drill hole are sprayed through a hydraulic sand blasting perforation method, a plurality of observing holes are distributed with the drill hole as a center, and hole sealing processing is conducted on the drill hole and the observing holes; and fracture is conducted through the drill hole, a fracture affecting range is determined through monitoring pressure change conditions of the observing holes, and operation of draining while extracting with negative pressure through the drill hole and the observing holes is conducted. Preferentially, hole sealing operation is conducted through a grouting hole sealing method. The system process has the advantage that a problem of hole collapsing, drilling machine blocking and the like during hole drilling in a minge layer can be solved; exposing area of a coal mass is increased due to branch holes formed by high-pressure spraying; and hydraulic fracture presses coal and rock mass among cracks, original cracks in a coal layer are fully opened, extend and are communicated with one another, large-range of pressure relief of the coal mass is achieved, and gas extraction rate is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method, particularly a kind of system process of in country rock, efficiently strengthening extraction for easily projecting coal bed local or regional extinction.
Background technology
It mainly is to adopt parallel boring, oblique boring, grid type boring, shallow bore hole destressing borehole, high-order boring, goaf pipe laying, layer-through drilling, the boring of suitable layer, graded crossing boring etc. to carry out gas pumping that traditional coal mine gas is administered, but effect depends primarily on the original gas permeability of coal seam reservoirs, the borehole engineering amount is big, gas pumping concentration is low, and the extinction time is long.For improving the coal seam reservoirs gas permeability, adopt waterpower measures such as high-pressure water jet reaming, waterpower are extruded, deep hole high pressure water injection, hydraulic slotted liner technique method, hydraulic flushing in hole, waterpower slotting, obtained certain effect, but their anti-reflection being limited in scope, and easily bring out outstanding accident, generally do not promoted.Using for reference under the coal mine of the wellfracturing of oil field and ground coal bed gas well pressure break fracturing administers gas and becomes current emerging technology and used by research more and more widely, investigate current numerous technologies, present colliery underground fracture all adopts pressure break of long drilled holes, fracturing fracture is inhomogeneous, often form single short wide seam, gas production is not high, or effect can not keep lastingly.
Chinese patent publication number CN1534164A, open October 6 2004 date, invention and created name " the long-range pressure relief gas pumping mining method of the soft high seam of the high gas of low-permeable ".The extraction lane that this method is included in seat earth has layer extraction boring of wearing of getting a plurality of latticed settings in the soft high seam along layer separation fracture upward, gas pressure relief is along coming together in extraction boring along layer separation fracture, by the extraction pipeline extraction, to realize the purpose of extraction release.Obviously, this method drilling hole amount is many, and a plurality of drill sites need be set, and extraction time is long, and only be adapted to can be by adopting the soft seam that forms along layer separation fracture.Chinese patent publication number CN101022575A, open February 5 2007 date, invention and created name " projecting coal bed down to the regional gas pumping method of shielding that goes forward one by one along layer long drilled holes ".This method by superficial part to the deep, by the present low gas district to high gas district, descend to the inclination long drilled holes, take out in advance coal-bed gas by last bank face machine lane or the construction of waist lane, to reduce coal seam gas-bearing capacity, regional eliminating is except the outburst hazard in coal seam, realize projecting coal bed tunnel mechanization driving and safety and high efficiency, it is only applicable to soft high seam, and mainly is to realize gas pumping by boring, has deficiencies such as drill hole density is big, gas pumping efficient is low, the extraction time is long.Chinese patent publication number CN201826748U, open May 11 2011 date, invention and created name " a kind of device that creeps into the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole along layer ", this device comprises radial nozzles and the axial nozzle that is arranged on the drill bit, utilize hard coal layering or the roof and floor characteristics of boring easily, optionally utilize axial nozzle in hard coal layering or roof and floor, to carry out pulsing jet boring and the mode from hard coal layering or roof and floor to the soft seam slot, to increase the gas pumping scope.But for the band gas of extraction coal road, owing to the slot scope causes the slot time long greatly, cause tunnelling time long, efficient is low.Therefore, the existing coal-bed gas method of taking out in advance is not suitable for the coal mine gas hazard management to effect and the efficient requirement of coal road band gas pumping, is restricting the production efficiency of colliery, China southwest weak seam to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of system process of efficiently strengthening extraction in country rock is provided, and the common rig of this technology utilization is installed air hammer and constructed in country rock, with avoid bit freezing, problems such as the hole of collapsing, spray orifice; Utilize high pressure slurries sealing of hole, the high pressure when both bearing pressure break, that is not holed again faces upward the restriction of bowing; Scale pressure break behind the abrasive perforating can realize that release on a large scale is anti-reflection and the crack is anti-reflection, to shorten the extinction time and to improve the gas recovery ratio.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
A kind of system process of efficiently strengthening extraction in country rock may further comprise the steps:
A, be in top board or the base plate at the country rock of the coal seam reservoirs of intend to implement strengthening extraction, utilize common rig by hollow drill pipe air hammer to be installed and form drilling tool and execute on request and bore boring, utilize the boring of compressed air purge after the boring, withdraw from drilling tool then;
B, pull down air hammer and with drilling rod and the injector head formation hydraulic jeting device that is sealedly and fixedly connected, and injector head is delivered to set depth position in the boring;
C, hydraulic jeting device is connected with the fracturing pump group, makes it form complete high-pressure system;
D, start the pressure testing of fracturing pump group, pressure testing is included in to be set the following duration of operating pressure and is no less than the sand of 5min, medium than not being higher than 5%;
E, carry out the high pressure abrasive perforating to form spray-hole in the setting phase place of set depth of boring, spray-hole runs through the casing hole wall of boring and stretches into coal seam reservoirs; The monitoring field condition is unusual if system pressure occurs in real time, then stops to spray and taking corresponding measure, makes it recover normal back and continues the abrasive perforating operation;
F, rotation injection apparatus are to next phase place, and repeated execution of steps e finishes until boring all spray-holes injections on the same degree of depth;
G, movable spray device arrive spray site, repeated execution of steps e ~ f, and all spray-holes in boring spray to be finished; Wherein, the distance that is positioned at the inner end of sealing of hole section of the spray-hole of outermost end and boring is no less than 5m;
H, centered by boring, arrange the investigation hole of some and spacing, investigate the hole and be used for the later stage and carry out determining of pressure break influence basin;
I, adopt the injection hole sealing mode to form the sealing of hole section in boring and the aperture of investigating the hole, and connect and can long-range demonstration investigate the pressure meter that hole internal pressure and indication range are not less than 50MPa investigating outer end of hole;
J, a continuous week and observe every day at least one times and the recording manometer readings, and be depicted as pressure curve;
K, will hole is connected with the fracturing pump group, and boring is carried out the pressing crack construction operation as the pressure break hole; During pressure break, remote observation is investigated the pressure changing in hole and is compared with the pressure curve data, determines the pressure break influence basin with change value of pressure; The pressure break influence basin reaches requirement execution in step l, otherwise, continue pressure break;
L, stop fracturing work, in boring and investigate outside the aperture, hole air water pulp separator and gas monitor equipment all are installed, and with gas pumping equipment by air water divide slag from device respectively with boring with investigate the hole and be connected;
M, carry out draining limit, limit negative pressure band and take out operation, regularly the gas outburst risk of target area is verified, if up to standard, execution in step n then; If not up to standard, continue to carry out this step;
N, stop extraction.
Investigating position, the quantity in hole among the present invention should determine according to coal road section size and coal seam geological condition; Compressed air air pressure 〉=the 1.2MPa of purge boring.
The sealing of hole section that described injection hole sealing mode forms in the aperture in boring or investigation hole, comprise that formation forms described sealing of hole section by the outer section of section, sealing of hole stage casing and sealing of hole in the sealing of hole that arranges from inside to outside, wherein, section is made up of inner termination, organic slurry sealing of hole section and cotton yarn sealing of hole section in the sealing of hole; The sealing of hole stage casing forms by the cement grout of perfusion label 〉=425; The outer section of sealing of hole is made up of organic slurry sealing of hole section and outer end plug; Aperture in boring or investigation hole also is provided with Grouting Pipe and the water injection pipe that is connected to one, on Grouting Pipe or water injection pipe, be provided with a plurality of support chips by fixedly connected mode, the outlet of Grouting Pipe inner end is positioned at the sealing of hole stage casing, the aperture that the outer end of Grouting Pipe is positioned at boring or investigates the hole is outward for being connected with filling system, the inner outlet of water injection pipe runs through the sealing of hole section and stretches in boring or the investigation hole, the inner outlet of water injection pipe is positioned at boring or investigates outside the aperture in hole, water injection pipe outer end in the pressure break hole is respectively applied to be connected with the fracturing pump group during with pressure break in jetting, is connected with the air water pulp separator when the negative pressure band is taken out; Be connected with pressure meter with the air water pulp separator when being positioned at the water injection pipe outer end of investigating the hole and taking out for the negative pressure band; When the pressure observed and recorded, be connected with pressure meter.
Utilize this method in casing, to execute and bore a plurality of borings for pressure break, and centered by boring, lay a plurality of investigations hole, to implement large-scale pressure break and to strengthen the extraction operation by a plurality of pressure breaks hole and investigation hole, realize the purpose of regional protrusion-dispelling.Concrete scope is determined according to load capacity and the coal rock layer character of fracturing pump group group.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be chosen in the top board that constitutes the coal seam casing or the base plate and hole, avoided in the cherry coal layering, holing and occurred the problems such as hole, bit freezing of collapsing easily, simultaneously, coal and rock is formed branched hole by high-pressure injection, increase the exposed area of coal body; Utilize branch to carry out the directed fracturing of high pressure on an empty stomach, press the coal and rock between the through cracks seam, make in the coal seam original crack fully open, extend, connect mutually, make coal body release on a large scale anti-reflection, improve the gas pumping rate, guarantee tunnelling work safety, shorten the time of tunnelling, improve seam mining efficient.
Description of drawings
Figure l is process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention after middle boring 3 jettings form spray-hole 5.
Fig. 3 is sealing of hole and the relevant schematic diagram of fracturing technology among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but therefore do not limit the present invention among the described scope of embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of system process of efficiently strengthening extraction in country rock 6 may further comprise the steps:
A, be in top board or the base plate at the country rock 6 of the coal seam reservoirs 8 of intend to implement strengthening extraction, utilize common rig by hollow drill pipe 1 air hammer to be installed and form drilling tool and execute on request and bore boring 3, utilize compressed air purge boring 3 after the boring 3, withdraw from drilling tool then;
B, pull down air hammer and with drilling rod 1 and the injector head 7 formation hydraulic jeting device that is sealedly and fixedly connected, and injector head 7 is delivered to set depth positions in the boring 3;
C, hydraulic jeting device is connected with the fracturing pump group 4 of injection and frac system, makes it form complete high-pressure system;
D, start 4 pressure testings of fracturing pump group, pressure testing is included in to be set the following duration of operating pressure and is no less than the sand of 5min, medium than not being higher than 5%;
E, carry out the high pressure abrasive perforating to form spray-hole 5 in the setting phase place of boring 3 set depths, spray-hole 5 runs through 6 layers of hole wall of country rock of boring 3 and stretches into coal seam reservoirs 8; The monitoring field condition is unusual if system pressure occurs in real time, then stops to spray and taking corresponding measure, makes it recover normal back and continues the abrasive perforating operation;
F, rotation injection apparatus are to next phase place, and repeated execution of steps e finishes until boring 3 all spray-holes 5 injections on the same degree of depth;
G, movable spray device arrive spray site, repeated execution of steps e ~ f, and all spray-holes 5 in boring 3 spray to be finished; Wherein, the distance of the inner end of the sealing of hole section 2 of the spray-hole 5 that is positioned at outermost end and boring 3 is no less than 5m;
H, to hole centered by 3, arrange the investigation hole of some and spacing, investigate the hole and be used for the later stage and carry out determining of pressure break influence basin;
I, adopt the injection hole sealing mode to form sealing of hole section 2 in boring 3 and the aperture of investigating the hole, and connect and can long-range demonstration investigate the pressure meter that hole internal pressure and indication range are not less than 50MPa investigating outer end of hole;
J, a continuous week and observe every day at least one times and the recording manometer readings, and be depicted as pressure curve;
K, will hole 3 is connected with fracturing pump group 4, and boring 3 is carried out the pressing crack construction operation as the pressure break hole; During pressure break, remote observation is investigated the pressure changing in hole and is compared with the pressure curve data, determines the pressure break influence basin with change value of pressure; The pressure break influence basin reaches requirement execution in step l, otherwise, continue pressure break;
L, stop fracturing work, in boring 3 and investigate outside the aperture, hole air water pulp separator and gas monitor equipment all are installed, and gas pumping equipment is connected with boring 3 and investigation hole respectively by the air water pulp separator;
M, carry out draining limit, limit negative pressure band and take out operation, regularly the gas outburst risk of target area is verified, if up to standard, execution in step n then; If not up to standard, continue to carry out this step;
N, stop extraction.
The sealing of hole section 2 that described injection hole sealing mode forms in the aperture in boring 3 or investigation hole, comprise that the outer section 23 of section 21, sealing of hole stage casing 22 and sealing of hole is formed sealing of hole sections 2 in the sealing of hole that formation arranges from inside to outside, wherein, section 21 is made up of inner termination 21a, organic slurry sealing of hole section 21b and cotton yarn sealing of hole section 21c in the sealing of hole; Sealing of hole stage casing 22 forms by the cement grout of perfusion label 〉=425; The outer section of sealing of hole 23 is made up of organic slurry sealing of hole section 23a and outer end plug 23b; Aperture in boring 3 or investigation hole also is provided with Grouting Pipe 11 and the water injection pipe 10 that is connected to one, on Grouting Pipe 11 or water injection pipe 10, be provided with a plurality of support chips 14 by fixedly connected mode, the outlet of Grouting Pipe 11 inner ends is positioned at sealing of hole stage casing 22, the aperture that the outer end of Grouting Pipe 11 is positioned at boring 3 or investigates the hole is outward for being connected with filling system, the inner outlet of water injection pipe 10 runs through sealing of hole section 2 and stretches in boring 3 or the investigation hole, the inner outlet of water injection pipe 10 is positioned at boring 3 or investigates outside the aperture in hole, and water injection pipe 10 outer ends in the pressure break hole are respectively applied to be connected gentle grain slag eliminator with fracturing pump group 4 and connect; Being positioned at water injection pipe 10 outer ends of investigating the hole is used for being connected with pressure meter with the air water pulp separator.
Compressed air air pressure 〉=the 1.2MPa of described purge boring 3.
The position in described investigation hole, quantity should be determined according to coal road section size and coal seam geological condition.
Injection in the present embodiment and frac system also are provided with switch board 12 and relief valve 13 except being provided with fracturing pump group 4.
Filling system in the present embodiment is provided with slurry mixing tank 15, grouting pump 16, second relief valve 17 and system pressure table 18 etc.
In concrete regional protrusion-dispelling is used, can utilize this method in 6 layers on country rock, to execute and bore a plurality of borings 3 for pressure break, and to hole centered by 3, lay a plurality of investigations hole, to implement large-scale pressure break and to strengthen the extraction operation by a plurality of pressure breaks hole and investigation hole, realize the purpose of regional protrusion-dispelling.
Though more than combine accompanying drawing and described embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize also in the scope to claims and make various variations or modification that these modifications and variations are interpreted as within scope of the present invention and intention.
Claims (4)
1. a system process of efficiently strengthening extraction in country rock is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, in the country rock (6) of the coal seam reservoirs (8) of intend to implement strengthening extraction, utilizing common rig by hollow drill pipe (1) air hammer to be installed forms drilling tool and executes brill boring (3) on request, boring (3) utilizes compressed air purge boring (3) after reaching set depth, withdraws from drilling tool then;
B, pull down air hammer and with drilling rod (1) and injector head (7) the formation hydraulic jeting device that is sealedly and fixedly connected, and injector head (7) is delivered to the interior set depth position of boring (3);
C, hydraulic jeting device is connected with the fracturing pump group (4) of injection and frac system, makes it form complete high-pressure system;
D, the pressure testing of startup fracturing pump group (4), pressure testing is included in the sand ratio≤5% of setting following duration of operating pressure 〉=5min, medium;
E, carry out the high pressure abrasive perforating to form spray-hole (5) in the setting phase place of boring (3) set depth, spray-hole (5) runs through country rock (6) layer hole wall of boring (3) and stretches into coal seam reservoirs (8); The monitoring field condition is unusual if system pressure occurs in real time, then stops to spray and taking corresponding measure, makes it recover normal back and continues the abrasive perforating operation;
F, rotation injection apparatus are to next phase place, and repeated execution of steps e finishes until all spray-holes (5) injection of boring (3) on the same degree of depth;
G, movable spray device are to spray site, and repeated execution of steps e ~ f, all spray-holes (5) in boring (3) spray and finish; Wherein, the distance 〉=5m of the inner end of the sealing of hole section (2) of the spray-hole (5) that is positioned at outermost end and boring (3);
H, centered by boring (3), arrange the investigation hole of some and spacing, investigate the hole and be used for the later stage and carry out determining of pressure break influence basin;
I, adopt the injection hole sealing mode to form sealing of hole section (2) in boring (3) and the aperture of investigating the hole, and investigate that outer end of hole connects can long-range demonstration investigation hole internal pressure and the pressure meter of indication range 〉=50MPa;
J, a continuous week and observe every day at least one times and the recording manometer readings, and be depicted as pressure curve;
K, will hole (3) are connected with fracturing pump group (4), and boring (3) is carried out the pressing crack construction operation as the pressure break hole; During pressure break, remote observation is investigated the pressure changing in hole and is compared with the pressure curve data, determines the pressure break influence basin with change value of pressure; The pressure break influence basin reaches requirement execution in step l, otherwise, continue pressure break;
L, stop fracturing work, in boring (3) and investigate outside the aperture, hole air water pulp separator and gas monitor equipment all are installed, and gas pumping equipment is connected with boring (3) and investigation hole respectively by the air water pulp separator;
M, carry out draining limit, limit negative pressure band and take out operation, regularly the gas outburst risk of target area is verified, if up to standard, execution in step n then; If not up to standard, continue to carry out this step;
N, stop extraction.
2. the system process of in country rock, efficiently strengthening extraction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the sealing of hole section (2) that described injection hole sealing mode forms in the aperture in boring (3) or investigation hole, comprise that formation forms described sealing of hole section (2) by section (21), sealing of hole stage casing (22) and sealing of hole in the sealing of hole that arranges from inside to outside outer section (23), wherein, section (21) is made up of inner termination (21a), organic slurry sealing of hole section (21b) and cotton yarn sealing of hole section (21c) in the sealing of hole; Sealing of hole stage casing (22) forms by the cement grout of perfusion label 〉=425; The outer section of sealing of hole (23) is made up of organic slurry sealing of hole section (23a) and outer end plug (23b); Aperture in boring (3) or investigation hole also is provided with Grouting Pipe (11) and the water injection pipe (10) that is connected to one, upward be provided with a plurality of support chips (14) by fixedly connected mode in Grouting Pipe (11) or water injection pipe (10), the outlet of Grouting Pipe (11) inner end is positioned at sealing of hole stage casing (22), and the outer end of Grouting Pipe (11) is positioned at boring (3) or investigates outside the aperture in hole; The inner outlet of water injection pipe (10) is passed sealing of hole section (2) and is stretched in boring (3) or the investigation hole, and the inner outlet of water injection pipe (10) is positioned at boring (3) or investigates outside the aperture in hole.
3. the system process of efficiently strengthening extraction in country rock according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the compressed air air pressure 〉=1.2MPa of described purge boring (3).
4. the technology of the efficient reinforcement extraction of carrying out in country rock according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the position in described investigation hole, quantity should be determined according to coal road section size and coal seam geological condition.
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