CN116036384B - Preparation method of self-oxygen-supply antibacterial filling and fixing material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling fixing material, which comprises the following steps: 1) Dissolving the medicine in hydrogen peroxide solution, namely solution A; preparing polyethylene glycol solution, namely solution B; preparing a catalase solution, namely a solution C; 2) Respectively adding montmorillonite into the solution A, the solution B and the solution C, stirring, filtering and vacuum drying; repeating for multiple times to obtain a hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics zero-order release carrier; 3) Preparing a filling fixing material component D; 4) Preparing a filling fixing material component E; 5) Mixing the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E, stirring, and filling the open fracture part by injection. The method can fully fill and fix the wound part, prevent infection or treat the wound part in an antibacterial way, and avoid secondary damage of the wound part caused by external factors during first-aid transportation.

Description

Preparation method of self-oxygen-supply antibacterial filling and fixing material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical material preparation, and relates to a method for preparing a self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material.

Background technique

At present, the number of patients with open trauma caused by various natural disasters has increased. Although they have received rich medical technology support in the later treatment, the traditional splint external fixation is still the main method in the pre-hospital emergency treatment period. The fixation effect on the inside of the trauma is very limited and the fixation efficiency is low. It may even cause secondary injury to the trauma or other problems, which will aggravate the injury. There are certain shortcomings. Emergency treatment is particularly important for the later treatment of trauma. Therefore, how to better perform pre-hospital emergency treatment on trauma, reduce the probability of side effects during the emergency treatment period, improve the effect of later treatment, and solve the problems existing in the pre-hospital emergency treatment technology for trauma is an urgent problem to be solved. After the trauma occurs, it is easy to cause bacterial infection at the site of injury due to environmental reasons. If antibacterial treatment is not carried out in time, the site of injury will develop into a purulent wound. In more serious cases, shock and amputation will occur, and even serious bacterial infection will spread and cause death. Therefore, the material needs to have an antibacterial effect. In addition, the most important thing is that the patient needs to ensure that the fixed site has a certain amount of oxygen during transportation to avoid the accelerated bacterial proliferation ability and the hypoxic death of normal cells caused by the lack of oxygen content after filling and fixation. Therefore, the development of a self-oxygenated antibacterial material that can be used for filling and fixation in the wound site has become the key to solving the above problems.

The Chinese invention patent "A sustained-release oxygen microsphere and its preparation method, use method and application in the treatment of diabetic foot and tumor diseases" (application number 202210868565.6, publication date 2022.10.21, publication number CN 115212183A) discloses a sustained-release oxygen microsphere and its preparation method, use method and application in the treatment of diabetic foot and tumor diseases, including an inner core and an outer shell wrapped around the outer side of the inner core, the inner core containing _{an H2O2 solution} dissolved with _CaCl2 and PVP, the outer shell including a hydrogel and catalase and stem cells adhered to the surface of the hydrogel, the hydrogel using one of sodium alginate, agarose, hyaluronic acid (HA), chitosan, carrageenan (CRG), and gellan gum (GG), with stable oxygen release performance, high loading capacity and low loss rate, which can effectively solve the disadvantage that the amount of oxygen used during the release process is difficult to control, thereby slowly releasing oxygen in an oxygen-deficient microenvironment and improving the therapeutic effect of stem cells. However, although the oxygen-releasing microspheres have the effect of controlling oxygen release, there is an initial small degree of burst release phenomenon, which can easily cause cellular oxygen poisoning. The Chinese invention patent "A slow-release oxygen microsphere and its preparation method and use" (application number 201810174515.1, publication date 2018.07.24, publication number CN 108310470 A) discloses a slow-release oxygen microsphere and its preparation method and use, wherein the slow-release oxygen microspheres are microspheres with gelatin as the matrix, and the microspheres contain peroxide inorganic particles, and the peroxide inorganic particles are selected from _CaO2 , _MgO2 , _NaCO3 , _SrO2 , _{BaO2 , K2O2} , and _{Na2O2 .} The disclosed controlled-release oxygen material has the advantages of controllable size, long oxygen release time, controllable oxygen release time, low burst rate, low cytotoxicity, low immunogenicity, relatively simple preparation process, and easy industrialization. It has great application prospects in clinical applications of bone defect repair. However, the microspheres still have a short-term drug burst release phenomenon, which can easily cause cellular oxygen poisoning in the initial oxygen supply stage.

Due to the negative effects of burst release, such as excessive local concentration and insufficient later release concentration, a stable therapeutic effect cannot be maintained. Therefore, it is of certain significance to design an oxygen release carrier with a precise zero-order release kinetic model to avoid the side effects caused by burst release. In addition, in order to achieve a good antibacterial effect, the idealized release of the drug should also meet the zero-order release model to avoid the side effects of the drug burst release. Therefore, based on the current emergency needs, it is urgent to prepare an idealized zero-order release oxygen supply antibacterial open wound internal filling and fixation emergency material, which has great clinical application value.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a self-oxygenated antibacterial filling and fixing material, which solves the problem of insufficient anti-infection treatment, improvement and first aid effects caused by unsatisfactory first aid materials used for filling and fixing the inside of the trauma site during pre-hospital first aid of trauma in the prior art.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for preparing a self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1, prepare a hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution according to a mass volume percentage of 5 to 15 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; prepare a polyethylene glycol solution, referred to as solution B; prepare a catalase solution, referred to as solution C;

Step 2, firstly, montmorillonite is added to solution A, and after ultrasonic uniform dispersion, hydrogen peroxide and drug loading and stirring are performed, after stirring, suction is filtered, and vacuum drying is performed; then, the dried montmorillonite is redispersed in solution B, PEG coating and stirring are performed, after stirring, suction is filtered, and vacuum drying is performed; finally, the dried montmorillonite is redispersed in solution C, catalase loading and stirring are performed, after stirring, suction is filtered, and vacuum drying is performed; this step is repeated multiple times to obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics;

Step 3, mixing PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 evenly to obtain a filling and fixing material component D;

Step 4, mixing MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone evenly to obtain a filling and fixing material component E;

Step 5, mixing the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 with the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4, stirring, and filling the open fracture site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the mixture is ready.

The beneficial effects of the present invention include the following advantages:

1) Using montmorillonite with water absorption as the matrix, hydrogen peroxide, antibiotics, PEG and catalase are loaded on the surface of montmorillonite by layer-by-layer self-assembly technology. First, the water absorption of montmorillonite can ensure that the material absorbs blood tissue fluid and then expands during the filling process, so that the PMMA material expands. The compressive stress generated by the expansion makes the filling more dense and compresses the surrounding bleeding tissue to stop bleeding, achieving the dual purpose of filling and stopping bleeding; secondly, the layer-by-layer self-assembly technology relies on dynamic hydrogen bonds to compound all substances, hydrogen peroxide and antibiotics are released by concentration difference, and hydrogen peroxide is decomposed by catalase to produce oxygen when released. The release of oxygen can provide self-oxygenation for the wound site to ensure sufficient oxygen content in the wound site, prevent the growth and reproduction of various bacteria, and keep the wound local dry; in addition, the self-oxygenation function can enable tissue cells to obtain more sufficient oxygen, avoid cell anoxic death during fixation, and the release of antibiotics can perform broad-spectrum antibacterial to the wound site, avoid or prevent or treat the wound site with antibacterial treatment.

2) The prepared oxygen/antibiotic release carrier is a multilayer self-assembly based on dynamic hydrogen bonds. The release rate of hydrogen peroxide and antibiotics is related to the disintegration of hydrogen bonds between layers. At the same time, the molecular weight of PEG is used as a switch to determine the disintegration rate so that the disintegration of hydrogen bonds is controlled, thereby controlling the release of drugs. At the same time, the disintegration rate of PEG is constant, so that the release of oxygen and antibiotics is zero-order and is not affected by other factors.

3) PMMA fixation material with good biocompatibility is used as the matrix. On the one hand, it has good biocompatibility and ensures the safety of human tissue during the filling of the wound site. Secondly, PMMA material has a certain plasticity and can be shaped arbitrarily according to the wound site. PMMA material is self-curing and has high mechanical properties after curing. After being fully fixed, it can protect the filling site and avoid secondary damage due to other reasons during transportation.

Detailed ways

The preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1, prepare a hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution according to a mass volume percentage of 5 to 15 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; prepare a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution, referred to as solution B; prepare a catalase solution, referred to as solution C;

The volume fraction of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20-40%, the concentration of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution is 75-115 mg/ml, and the concentration of the catalase solution is 100-400 μg/ml;

The drug selected is one of vancomycin hydrochloride, levofloxacin hydrochloride, tetracycline hydrochloride or ceftriaxone sodium;

PEG is selected from among PEG2000, PEG4000, PEG6000, PEG8000 and PEG10000.

Step 2, firstly, montmorillonite is added to solution A, and after ultrasonic uniform dispersion, hydrogen peroxide and drug loading and stirring are performed, after stirring, suction is filtered, and vacuum drying is performed; then, the montmorillonite after primary drying is redispersed in solution B, PEG coating and stirring are performed, after stirring, suction is filtered, and vacuum drying is performed; finally, the montmorillonite after secondary drying is redispersed in solution C, catalase loading and stirring are performed, after stirring, suction is filtered, and vacuum drying is performed; this step is repeated multiple times, and a hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier is obtained by using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology;

The mass of montmorillonite is 20-40% of the volume of solution A, the stirring time for hydrogen peroxide and drug loading is 1-2 hours, the stirring time for PEG coating is 1-2 hours, the stirring time for catalase loading is 1-2 hours, and the number of repeated cycles is 3-8 times.

Step 3, mixing PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 evenly to obtain a filling and fixing material component D for emergency use;

Among them, the mass ratio of PMMA powder, initiator BPO and hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier is 49.95-69.85:0.05-0.15:30-50.

Step 4, mixing MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone evenly to obtain a filling and fixing material component E for first aid use;

Among them, the mass ratio of MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone is 96.5-99.5:0.3-3:0.1-0.5.

Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 to 2 g/ml, stir, and fill the open fracture site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the trauma site can be further fixed.

The preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention comprises the following steps: firstly, hydrogen peroxide, antibiotics, PEG and catalase are loaded on montmorillonite by adopting dynamic hydrogen bond layer-by-layer self-assembly technology to prepare a zero-order release carrier; secondly, PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics are evenly mixed to obtain a filling and fixing material component D; MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone are evenly mixed to obtain a filling and fixing material component E; finally, the two components are mixed to obtain a zero-order release oxygen-supplying antibacterial open fracture internal filling and fixing first aid material; the open fracture can be fully filled by injection packing, and the filled part can be fixed after PMMA hardens.

Example 1

The preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention comprises the following specific steps:

Step 1, prepare a 20% volume fraction hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution at a mass volume percentage of 5 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; prepare a 75 mg/ml polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution, referred to as solution B; prepare a 100 μg/ml catalase solution, referred to as solution C; the drug is vancomycin hydrochloride; PEG is PEG2000;

Step 2, firstly, a certain mass of montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in solution A by ultrasonic according to 20% (mg/ml) of the solution volume, and then stirred for 1 hour for hydrogen peroxide and drug loading, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; then the montmorillonite after the primary drying is redispersed in solution B for PEG coating and stirring, the stirring time is 1 hour, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; finally, the montmorillonite after the secondary drying is redispersed in solution C for catalase loading, the stirring time is 1 hour, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; repeat this step 3 times, and obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics by using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology;

Step 3, PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 49.95:0.05:50 to obtain a filling and fixing material component D;

Step 4, MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and hydroquinone are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 96.5:3:0.5 to obtain a filling and fixing material component E;

Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g/ml, stir, and fill the open wound site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the wound site can be further fixed.

Example 2

The specific process of the preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1, prepare a 40% volume fraction hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution at a mass volume percentage of 15 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; prepare a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a concentration of 115 mg/ml, referred to as solution B; prepare a catalase solution with a concentration of 400 μg/ml, referred to as solution C; the drug is levofloxacin hydrochloride; PEG is PEG4000;

Step 2, according to 40% (mg/ml) of the volume of the solution, a certain mass of montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in solution A by ultrasonication, and then stirred for 2 hours for hydrogen peroxide and drug loading, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; then the montmorillonite after the primary drying is redispersed in solution B for PEG coating and stirring, the stirring time is 2 hours, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; finally, the montmorillonite after the secondary drying is redispersed in solution C for catalase loading, the stirring time is 2 hours, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; repeat this step 8 times, and obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics by using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology;

Step 3, PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 69.85:0.15:30 to obtain a filling and fixing material component D;

Step 4, MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and hydroquinone are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 99.5:0.4:0.1 to obtain a filling and fixing material component E;

Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4 at a solid-liquid ratio of 2g/ml, stir, and fill the open fracture site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the trauma site can be further fixed.

Example 3

The specific process of the preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1, prepare a 25% volume fraction hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution at a mass volume percentage of 7.5 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; prepare a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a concentration of 85 mg/ml, referred to as solution B; prepare a catalase solution with a concentration of 200 μg/ml, referred to as solution C; the drug is tetracycline hydrochloride, and the PEG is PEG6000;

Step 2, according to 25% (mg/ml) of the volume of the solution, a certain mass of montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in solution A by ultrasonication, and then stirred for 2 hours for hydrogen peroxide and drug loading, filtered after stirring, vacuum dried, and then the once dried montmorillonite is redispersed in solution B for PEG coating and stirring, the stirring time is 2 hours, filtered after stirring, vacuum dried, and finally the secondary dried montmorillonite is redispersed in solution C for catalase loading, the stirring time is 2 hours, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; repeat this step 4 times, and use layer-by-layer self-assembly technology to obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics;

Step 3, PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 64.85:0.15:35 to obtain a filling and fixing material component D;

Step 4, MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and hydroquinone are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 98.5:1:0.5 to obtain a filling and fixing material component E;

Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1.5 g/ml, stir, and fill the open fracture site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the trauma site can be further fixed.

Example 4

The specific process of the preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1, prepare a 30% volume fraction hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution at a mass volume percentage of 10 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; prepare a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a concentration of 115 mg/ml, referred to as solution B; prepare a catalase solution with a concentration of 300 μg/ml, referred to as solution C; the drug is ceftriaxone sodium, and the PEG is PEG8000;

Step 2, according to 30% (mg/ml) of the volume of the solution, a certain mass of montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in solution A by ultrasonication, and then stirred for 1.5 hours for hydrogen peroxide and drug loading, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; then the montmorillonite after the primary drying is redispersed in solution B for PEG coating and stirring, the stirring time is 2 hours, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; finally, the montmorillonite after the secondary drying is redispersed in solution C for catalase loading, the stirring time is 1.5 hours, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; repeat this step 5 times, and obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics by using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology;

Step 3, PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 62.95:0.05:37 to obtain a filling and fixing material component D;

Step 4, MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and hydroquinone are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 97.5:2.1:0.4 to obtain a filling and fixing material component E;

Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4 at a solid-liquid ratio of 2g/ml, stir, and fill the open fracture site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the trauma site can be further fixed.

Example 5

The specific process of the preparation method of the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1, prepare a 35% volume fraction hydrogen peroxide solution, dissolve the drug in the hydrogen peroxide solution at a mass volume percentage of 15 mg/ml, referred to as solution A, prepare a 115 mg/ml polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution, referred to as solution B; prepare a 350 μg/ml catalase solution, referred to as solution C; the drug is vancomycin hydrochloride, and the PEG is PEG10000;

Step 2, according to 40% (mg/ml) of the volume of the solution, a certain mass of montmorillonite is uniformly dispersed in solution A by ultrasonication, and then stirred for 2 hours for hydrogen peroxide and drug loading, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; then the montmorillonite after the primary drying is redispersed in solution B for PEG coating and stirring, the stirring time is 2 hours, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; finally, the montmorillonite after the secondary drying is redispersed in solution C for catalase loading, the stirring time is 1 hour, filtered after stirring, and vacuum dried; repeat this step 7 times, and obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics by using layer-by-layer self-assembly technology;

Step 3, PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 59.85:0.15:40 to obtain a filling and fixing material component D;

Step 4, MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and hydroquinone are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 96.5-99.5:0.3-3:0.1-0.5 to obtain a filling and fixing material component E;

Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g/ml, stir, and fill the open fracture site by injection. After the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed, the trauma site can be further fixed.

Experiments have shown that the oxygen release and antibiotic release of the self-oxygenated antibacterial filling and fixing material obtained by the preparation method of the present invention in a simulated human body environment follow zero-order release kinetics, avoiding side effects caused by sudden release of drugs and oxygen. At the same time, after clinical experimental use, the material's fixation, infection prevention and antibacterial treatment all performed well.

Claims (6)

1. A method for preparing a self-oxygenating antibacterial filling and fixing material, characterized in that it is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, preparing a hydrogen peroxide solution, wherein the drug is selected from one of vancomycin hydrochloride, levofloxacin hydrochloride, tetracycline hydrochloride or ceftriaxone sodium, and the drug is dissolved in the hydrogen peroxide solution at a mass volume percentage of 5-15 mg/ml, referred to as solution A; The polyethylene glycol is selected from one of PEG2000, PEG4000, PEG6000, PEG8000 or PEG10000 to prepare a polyethylene glycol solution, referred to as solution B; Prepare catalase solution, referred to as solution C; Step 2, adding montmorillonite to solution A, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication, stirring with hydrogen peroxide and drug loading, filtering by suction after stirring, and vacuum drying; Then the montmorillonite after the primary drying is redispersed in solution B, PEG coating and stirring are performed, after the stirring, suction filtering is performed, and vacuum drying is performed; finally, the montmorillonite after the secondary drying is redispersed in solution C, catalase loading and stirring are performed, after the stirring, suction filtering is performed, and vacuum drying is performed; this step is repeated multiple times to obtain a zero-order release carrier loaded with hydrogen peroxide/antibiotics; Step 3, mixing PMMA powder, initiator BPO and the hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier obtained in step 2 evenly to obtain a filling and fixing material component D; Step 4, mixing MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone evenly to obtain a filling and fixing material component E; Step 5, mix the filling and fixing material component D obtained in step 3 and the filling and fixing material component E obtained in step 4, stir, and fill the open fracture site by injection until the reaction between the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E is completed. 2. The method for preparing a self-oxygenated antibacterial filling and fixing material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step 1, the volume fraction of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20-40%, the concentration of the polyethylene glycol solution is 75-115 mg/ml, and the concentration of the catalase solution is 100-400 μg/ml. 3. The method for preparing a self-oxygenated antibacterial filling and fixing material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step 2, the mass of montmorillonite is 20-40% of the volume of solution A, the stirring time of hydrogen peroxide and drug loading is 1-2 hours, the stirring time of PEG coating is 1-2 hours, the stirring time of catalase loading is 1-2 hours, and the number of repeated cycles is 3-8 times. 4. The method for preparing a self-oxygenated antibacterial filling and fixing material according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 3, the mass ratio of PMMA powder, initiator BPO and hydrogen peroxide/antibiotic zero-order release carrier is 49.95~69.85:0.05~0.15:30~50. 5. The method for preparing a self-oxygenated antibacterial filling and fixing material according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 4, the mass ratio of MMA, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine and hydroquinone is 96.5~99.5:0.3~3:0.1~0.5. 6. The method for preparing the self-oxygen-supplying antibacterial filling and fixing material according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 5, the filling and fixing material component D and the filling and fixing material component E are mixed at a solid-liquid ratio of 1-2 g/ml.