CN115874493B - Backing plate structure for homogenizing rigidity of railway turnout track - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a backing plate structure for homogenizing the stiffness of a railway turnout track, comprising an iron backing plate fixed above the sleeper and below the rail and an under-board rubber pad, the iron backing plate is located above the under-board rubber pad, and the iron backing plate and the rubber pad under the board are fixed on the sleeper through the backing plate fasteners at both ends; the bottom surface of the iron backing plate is provided with a downward iron backing plate protrusion, and the iron backing plate protrusion and the iron backing plate are connected by the backing plate fastener. The rubber pad under the plate is pre-tightened, and the convex surface of the convex part of the iron backing plate coincides with the top surface of the rubber pad under the plate to form an anti-bending deformation surface; the anti-deformation of the anti-bending deformation surface offsets the upward arching deformation stress of the iron backing plate. The backing plate structure provided by the present invention has a preset anti-bending deformation surface, which can effectively eliminate the upturning stress of the iron backing plate, avoid arch bending deformation on the iron backing plate, and keep the iron backing plate and the rubber pad under the plate at an overall level Contact, and together generate deformation stress vertically downward, so that the rubber pad under the plate can fully provide stiffness and improve the uniformity of the stiffness of the railway turnout.

Description

A Backing Plate Structure for Uniform Rigidity of Railway Turnout Track

technical field

The invention relates to the field of rail transportation, in particular to a backing plate structure for uniforming the stiffness of a railway turnout track.

Background technique

In the prior art, the stiffness of the fastener system is adjusted through the setting of the rubber pad under the board, so as to realize the uniform design of the stiffness of the turnout area. Turnout fasteners mainly include vulcanized turnout fasteners and single-layer iron backing plate turnout fasteners. The vulcanized turnout fasteners vulcanize the iron backing plate of the turnout and the rubber pad under the plate as a whole. The overall force deformation of the rubber pad can effectively achieve the requirement of uniform stiffness in the turnout area. However, due to the requirements of environmental protection and cost, iron sulfide pads are currently mostly used in high-speed turnouts. For subway turnouts, single-layer iron backing plate turnout fasteners are mainly used. This kind of fastener uses iron backing plates as rail connection and load-bearing parts. Under the iron backing plate, rubber pads are laid under the plate to provide rigidity, but the anchor bolts are preloaded. After the force is applied, the iron backing plate will arch up and separate from the rubber pad under the plate, so the adjustment effect of the rubber pad under the plate on the track stiffness is limited, resulting in poor stiffness uniformity in the subway turnout area.

Specifically, in the fasteners commonly used in subway turnouts, the iron backing plate and the rubber pad under the plate are not bonded or combined into one. When the tightening torque is applied to the anchor bolts at both ends of the iron backing plate, the iron backing plate will The upward warping deformation occurs, which causes the middle part of the iron backing plate to separate from the rubber pad under the plate, and a gap is formed between the two. After the rail is laid, the upper arch of the iron backing plate must be overcome first, so that the iron backing plate can contact the rubber pad under the board. From this point of view, the force of the rubber pad under the board is very limited, and it cannot fully play the role of adjusting the stiffness of the track. , the uniform design of the stiffness of the turnout area is basically invalid. Furthermore, due to the limited force of the rubber pad under the slab, its utilization rate is limited, resulting in no obvious effect of uniform stiffness in the turnout area of the subway, resulting in wear and tear on the point rail, center rail, guard rail, etc. in the turnout area during operation. When the block is dropped, the wheel-rail interaction force increases, which increases the dynamic damage to the structural components of the turnout when the train passes through the turnout, and affects the smoothness of the train passing through the turnout area.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome one or more of the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a backing plate structure with uniform stiffness of the railway turnout track, which can effectively eliminate the upturning stress of the iron backing plate, avoid bending and deformation of the iron backing plate, and allow the glue under the plate to The pad fully provides the stiffness effect and improves the uniformity of the stiffness of the railway turnout.

The present invention provides following technical scheme:

A backing plate structure for equalizing the stiffness of a railway turnout track, comprising an iron backing plate (1) and an under-board rubber pad (2) fixedly arranged above the sleeper and under the rail, the iron backing plate (1) is located under the board Above the rubber pad (2), the iron backing plate (1) and the under-board rubber pad (2) are fixed on the sleeper by backing plate fasteners (7) located at both ends thereof, and the iron backing plate The middle top surface of (1) carries the rail; the bottom surface of the iron backing plate (1) is provided with a downward iron backing plate protrusion (3), and the iron backing plate is fastened by the backing plate fastener (7) The convex part (3) and the under-board rubber pad (2) are pre-tightened, and the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex part (3) coincides with the top surface of the under-board rubber pad (2) to form a reverse bending deformation surface (6); the anti-deformation of the anti-bending deformation surface (6) offsets the upward arching deformation stress of the iron backing plate (1).

In the above embodiment, an opposite deformation is pre-applied to the iron backing plate, which offsets the upward arching displacement of the iron backing plate after the pre-tightening force is applied. Under the action of rail and vehicle load, the preset reverse bending deformation surface offsets the upward arch deformation stress of the iron backing plate, and the iron backing plate transmits the force evenly to the rubber pad under the plate downwards, and the setting of the reverse bending deformation surface will prevent The iron backing plate is separated from the rubber pad under the board, and the rubber pad under the board provides enough rigidity to improve the uneven stiffness of the railway turnout.

According to some embodiments, the iron backing plate protrusion (3) is arranged along the length direction of the rail, the intersection line between the convex surface of the iron backing plate protrusion (3) and the longitudinal section is a lower arc, and the lower arc The curvature of the shape is the same as the upper arch vector of the iron backing plate (1) after the pre-tightening force is applied.

According to some embodiments, the iron backing plate protrusions (3) are arranged between the backing plate fasteners (7) at both ends, and the corresponding top surface of the middle part of the under-board rubber pad (2) is provided with a downward The rubber pad concave piece (4); between the backing plate fasteners (7) at both ends, the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex piece (3) and the concave surface of the rubber pad concave piece (2) are suitable Matching, the reverse bending deformation surface (6) is formed by the coincidence of the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex piece (3) and the concave surface of the rubber pad concave piece (4).

According to some embodiments, the intersection line between the reverse bending deformation surface (6) and the longitudinal section is in a zigzag shape with bilateral symmetry.

According to some embodiments, the sawtooth is stepped.

In the above embodiments, the sawtooth includes various types of sawtooth, wherein the sawtooth edges are horizontal or vertical, that is, stepped.

According to some embodiments, the intersection line of the reverse bending deformation surface (6) and the longitudinal section is a parabola, and the equation of the parabola is y=x ³ +2x ² +3x.

According to some embodiments, the top surface of the middle part of the under-board rubber pad (2) is provided with a downward rubber pad concave piece (4), and the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex piece (3) and the rubber pad concave piece ( The concave surfaces of 4) overlap to form a reverse bending deformation surface (6); the cross section of the reverse bending deformation surface (6) is vertically and horizontally symmetrical.

According to some embodiments, the iron backing plate convex piece (3) is a conical convex piece, the rubber pad concave piece (4) is a corresponding conical concave piece, and the conical convex piece and the conical concave piece The anti-bending deformation surface (6) is formed after fitting of the parts.

According to some embodiments, the iron backing plate convex piece (3) is an ellipsoidal surface convex piece, and the rubber pad concave piece (4) is a corresponding ellipsoidal surface concave piece, and the ellipsoidal surface convex piece and the ellipsoidal surface concave piece The anti-bending deformation surface (6) is formed after fitting of the parts.

According to some embodiments, the distance between the lowest point of the rubber pad recess (4) and the bottom surface of the under-board rubber pad (2) is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the height of the under-board rubber pad (2).

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the backing plate structure provided by the present invention, the iron backing plate protrudes downwards, and the bonding surface with the rubber pad under the plate is a reverse bending deformation surface, and the preset reverse bending deformation surface eliminates the warping deformation of the iron backing plate , under the action of load, the iron backing plate and the rubber pad under the board are kept in horizontal contact as a whole, and together they generate deformation stress vertically downward, so that the rubber pad under the board can fully provide stiffness and improve the uniformity of the stiffness of the railway turnout.

2. The backing plate structure provided by the present invention maintains the rigidity consistency of different regions of the railway turnout, improves the smoothness of the vehicle passing through the turnout area, reduces the degree of rail wear, reduces the maintenance cost of the turnout area, and improves the ride comfort.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the iron backing plate and the rubber pad under the plate in Example 1 provided by the present invention before fastening.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fastening of the iron backing plate and the rubber pad under the plate in Example 1 provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 3 provided by the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 provided by the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 6 provided by the present invention.

The labels in the accompanying drawings are:

1. Iron backing plate; 2. Rubber pad under the board; 3. Convex part of iron backing plate; 4. Concave part of rubber pad; 5. Top surface of iron backing plate; ; 8, sleeper.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments and drawings are only used for exemplary description of the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. All reasonable transformations and combinations within the scope of the gist of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The steel rail is placed in the middle above the iron gasket 1, and the under-board rubber pad 2 is arranged below it. The iron gasket 1 and the under-board rubber pad 2 are fixed on the sleeper 8 through the backing plate fasteners 7 at both ends; the bottom surface of the iron backing plate 1 There is a downward iron backing plate convex piece 3, and the iron backing plate convex piece 3 and the rubber pad 2 under the board are pre-tightened by the backing plate fastener 7, and the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex piece 3 and the rubber pad 2 under the board are pre-tightened. The top surfaces are overlapped and fixed to form a reverse bending deformation surface 6 . The following intersection lines between the reverse bending deformation surface 6 and the longitudinal section are called reverse bending lines. The anti-bending deformation of the iron backing plate 1 is preset to offset the upward warping deformation of the iron backing plate 1. The backing plate fastener 7 is selected from steel bolts, and the anti-bending deformation is preset before the anchor bolts are tightened. .

Example 1

In the middle of the iron backing plate 1, as shown in Figure 1, the reverse bending line is the lower arc, and the curvature of the arc, that is, the anti-deformation vector and the upper arch displacement of the iron backing plate 1 after the pre-tightening force is applied The same, generally controlled at 0.2 to 0.3 times the thickness of the iron backing plate 1, the structure of the under-board rubber pad 2 is flat, and the anti-bending deformation surface 6 is distributed along the length of the rail. In this way, after the pre-tightening force is applied, the upward arch displacement of the iron backing plate 1 will offset the preset reverse bending deformation, thereby preventing the iron backing plate 1 from being separated from the under-board rubber pad 2 during use, and avoiding the under-board rubber pad 2. The situation where the stiffness cannot be continuously provided to the track. In this embodiment, the structure of the rubber pad 2 under the board remains flat and unchanged, and the intersection line between the top surface 5 of the iron backing board and the longitudinal section is a lower arc corresponding to the reverse bending line. The use steps of the pad structure are as follows:

Step 1: Preset the anti-deformation shown in Figure 1 in the middle of the iron backing plate 1.

Step 2: Put the preset anti-deformation iron backing plate 1 on the under-board rubber pad 2. At this time, the two ends of the iron backing plate 1 will be lifted, and there will be a gap between the under-board rubber pad 2, and then pass the steel bolts Pre-tighten, fix the iron backing plate 1 and the rubber pad 2 under the plate together.

Step 3: As shown in Figure 2, after the pre-tightening force is applied, the upper supply deformation generated by the iron backing plate 1 is offset by the previously preset reverse bending deformation, so that the iron backing plate 1 and the lower rubber pad 2 maintain close and even contact , so as to achieve uniformity of stiffness.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 3, the convex surface of the convex part 3 of the iron backing plate coincides with the concave surface of the concave part 4 of the rubber pad. The overall length is distributed, the thickness of the part supporting the rail in the middle of the iron backing plate 1 increases its thickness, and the anchor bolts at both ends of the iron backing plate 1 reduce the thickness of the iron backing plate 1, so that the thickness of the convex part 3 of the iron backing plate reaches the two ends of the iron backing plate 1.2 to 1.4 times the thickness, and ensure that the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex part 3, that is, the reverse bending deformation surface, does not directly contact the sleeper 8. In this way, after the pre-tightening force is applied to the bolts, the iron backing plate 1 will not warp upward. Under the action of the rail and the vehicle load, the iron backing plate 1 will remain horizontal and transmit the force downward to the rubber pad 2 under the plate. The rubber pad 2 can provide enough rigidity to improve the uneven rigidity of the subway turnout.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 4, the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex part 3 coincides with the concave surface of the rubber pad concave part 4, the reverse bending line is a symmetrical multi-layered step shape, and the reverse bending deformation surface 6 is distributed along the length direction of the rail. The two ends of the backing plate 1 and the under-board rubber pad 2 are connected by bolts, which not only increases the thickness of the middle support part of the iron backing plate 1, but also increases the contact area between the iron backing plate 1 and the under-board rubber pad 2, which can It effectively resists the upward warping deformation of the iron backing plate 1 after the pretightening force is applied to the bolts. Normally, there are 1 to 5 steps for the steps, each step is 1 to 2mm, and they are distributed symmetrically. The thickness of the convex part 3 of the iron backing plate shall not be greater than the thickness of the rubber pad 2 under the board to ensure that the iron backing plate 1 cannot be in direct contact with the sleeper 8.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 5, the convex surface of the convex part 3 of the iron backing plate coincides with the concave surface of the concave part 4 of the rubber pad. connect. The geometric linearity of the reverse bending line is intercepted according to the parabolic equation y=x ³ +2x ² +3x, and it is required that the lowest point of the iron backing plate cannot be in contact with the sleeper.

Embodiments 1 to 4 include four different structures, all of which are the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex part 3 and the top surface of the rubber pad 2 under the plate to form a reverse bending deformation surface 6, and the reverse bending deformation surface 6 passes along the length direction of the rail. Long arrangement.

It is also possible to design the convex piece 3 of the iron backing plate and the corresponding concave piece 4 of the rubber pad to be vertically and horizontally symmetrical with respect to the cross section, such as a convex convex piece of a cone or a convex piece of an ellipsoid and a corresponding concave piece of a pyramidal body or a concave piece of an ellipsoid.

Example 5

Figure 6 shows the three views of an embodiment, the three views include a longitudinal sectional view perpendicular to the rail length direction, b figure longitudinal sectional view along the rail length direction, c figure's top view.

The convex part 3 of the iron backing plate is designed as a protruding vertically and horizontally symmetrical quadrangular pyramid convex part, and the top surface of the rubber pad 2 under the plate is planed to cut out a matching quadrangular pyramid concave part, which is the rubber pad concave part 4, and the two are connected by bolts. The upward warping deformation of the iron backing plate 1 can be eliminated. The total height of the quadrangular pyramid is 0.2 to 0.4 times the thickness of both ends of the iron backing plate 1, and the apex angle of the pyramid must not exceed the scope of the rubber pad 2 under the plate.

Example 6

Figure 7 shows three views of an embodiment, the three views include a longitudinal section view perpendicular to the rail length direction, b diagram along the rail length longitudinal section view, c diagram top view.

The convex surface of the convex part 3 of the iron backing plate coincides with the concave surface of the concave part 4 of the rubber pad, and the formed reverse bending deformation surface 6 is an ellipsoidal surface, and the rubber pad 4 under the board cuts out a groove matching the convex part 3 of the iron backing plate. It is the concave part 4 of the rubber pad; the geometry of the ellipsoid can be calculated according to the equation It is intercepted, and the lowest point of the iron backing plate 1 is required not to be in direct contact with the sleeper.

The above examples are only preferred implementations of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. All technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a backing plate structure for the homogenization of railway turnout track rigidity, comprising fixedly being located at the iron backing plate (1) and the rubber pad (2) under the rail below the sleeper top, the iron backing plate (1) is located at Above the under-board rubber pad (2), the iron backing plate (1) and the under-board rubber pad (2) are fixed on the sleeper by the backing plate fasteners (7) at both ends thereof, and the iron backing plate (1) and the under-board rubber pad (2) are fixed on the sleeper The middle part top surface of backing plate (1) carries steel rail, it is characterized in that: The bottom surface of the iron backing plate (1) is provided with a downward iron backing plate convex piece (3), and the iron backing plate convex piece (3) and the bottom of the plate are connected by the backing plate fastener (7). The rubber pad (2) is pre-tightened, and the convex surface of the convex part of the iron backing plate (3) is overlapped and fixed with the top surface of the rubber pad (2) under the plate to form a reverse bending deformation surface (6); the reverse bending deformation The anti-deformation of the surface (6) offsets the upward arch deformation stress of the iron backing plate (1). 2. the backing plate structure of railway turnout track rigidity homogenization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described iron backing plate protrusion (3) is arranged along the length direction of rail length, and described iron backing plate protrusion ( 3) The intersection line between the convex surface and the longitudinal section is a lower arc, and the curvature of the lower arc is the same as the upper arch sagittal of the iron backing plate (1) after the pre-tightening force is applied. 3. The backing plate structure for homogenizing the stiffness of the railway turnout track according to claim 2, characterized in that: the iron backing plate protrusions (3) are arranged between the backing plate fasteners (7) at both ends , the top surface of the middle part of the rubber pad (2) under the corresponding board is provided with a downward rubber pad concave piece (4); between the backing plate fasteners (7) at both ends, the iron backing plate convex The convex surface of the piece (3) is adapted to the concave surface of the rubber pad concave piece (4), and the reverse bending deformation surface (6) is formed by the convex surface of the iron backing plate convex piece (3) and the rubber pad concave piece The concave surfaces of (4) overlap to form. 4. The backing plate structure for homogenizing the track stiffness of a railway turnout according to claim 3, characterized in that: the intersection line between the reverse bending deformation surface (6) and the longitudinal section is in a zigzag shape with bilateral symmetry. 5 . The backing plate structure for equalizing the rail stiffness of a railway turnout according to claim 4 , wherein the sawtooth is stepped. 5 . 6. The backing plate structure for homogenizing the stiffness of the railway turnout track according to claim 3, characterized in that: the intersection line of the reverse bending deformation surface (6) and the longitudinal section is a parabola, and the equation of the parabola is y =x ³ +2x ² +3x. 7. The backing plate structure for homogenizing the stiffness of the railway turnout track according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top surface of the middle part of the under-board rubber pad (2) is provided with a downward rubber pad concave part (4), so The convex surface of the iron backing plate convex part (3) and the concave surface of the rubber pad concave part (4) overlap to form a reverse bending deformation surface (6); the cross section of the reverse bending deformation surface (6) is vertically and horizontally symmetrical. 8. The backing plate structure for the homogenization of railway turnout track stiffness according to claim 7, characterized in that: the iron backing plate convex part (3) is a tapered convex part, and the rubber pad concave part (4) is Corresponding to the conical concave part, the conical convex part is matched with the conical concave part to form the reverse bending deformation surface (6). 9. The backing plate structure for the homogenization of railway turnout track stiffness according to claim 7, characterized in that: the iron backing plate convex part (3) is an ellipsoid convex part, and the rubber pad concave part (4) is Corresponding to the ellipsoidal concave part, the ellipsoidal convex part and the ellipsoidal concave part are adapted to form the reverse bending deformation surface (6). 10. The backing plate structure for homogenizing the stiffness of the railway turnout track according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: the lowest point of the rubber pad concave part (4) is in contact with the under-board rubber pad (2) The distance between the bottom surface of the board is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the height of the rubber pad (2) under the board.