CN115836644A - Screening method and application of azalea hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a screening method of a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant, which comprises the following steps: s1: variety collection: hybridizing azalea to obtain hybrid offspring; s2: data collection: collecting morphological data of the azalea to be screened, and respectively determining the quantitative character and the quality character of each filial generation of the azalea; s3: and (3) calculating: calculating the variation coefficient of the quality character and the quantitative character according to the following formula: and (4) screening out the individual plants with higher Cv values to finish screening. The invention provides an accurate, rapid and efficient digital screening method for the azalea hybrid progeny with excellent flower phenotype single plants, fills the gap of the screening technology of flower hybrid progeny of horticultural plants including azalea, and has important application value in the fields of flower new germplasm creation and new variety cultivation research.

Description

Screening method and application of rhododendron hybrid offspring with excellent flower phenotype

technical field

The invention relates to the field of plant breeding, in particular to a digital screening method and application of a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype individual plant.

Background technique

An excellent individual plant refers to a plant whose certain traits are significantly superior to other individuals of the same age under the same conditions. The traits of the excellent individual plants obtained by screening according to phenotypic differences can be inherited, so the selection of excellent individual plants plays an important role in the field of plant genetics and breeding. Flowers are an important biological characteristic of horticultural plants and an important observation point for the selection of excellent single plants. Many phenotypes such as size, quantity, flower color, flower fragrance, flower type, flowering period, and petal structure are important factors that affect the ornamental value of horticultural plants. It is also an important source of excellent genetic resources in the field of plant breeding.

Screening indicators for excellent individual plants usually include many indicators such as crown width, crown thickness, crown shape, leaf weight, leaf size, flowering amount per unit area, and flower weight. For horticultural ornamental plants, flower phenotype is the most important one among many screening indicators. For a small number of individual horticultural plants, individual plants with excellent flower traits can be screened by means of observation and measurement. However, for a large number of individual horticultural plants, in view of the large number of flower phenotype indicators and irregular changes among indicators, relying solely on observation and measurement methods cannot meet the needs of actual work. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a more accurate, fast and efficient method for An excellent single-plant screening method for flower phenotypes.

Rhododendron is the general name of Rhododendron plants in the Rhododendron family (Ericaceae). It is a well-known ornamental flower in my country. According to reports, there are more than 600 species of Rhododendron in my country. The flowers of this genus are famous both at home and abroad for their wide variety, diverse shapes, rich colors, and bright colors, and have high ornamental and commercial value. Interspecific hybrid breeding of different species of rhododendrons is a classic method for cultivating new varieties of rhododendrons. The flower phenotypes of the hybrid progeny plants are very rich. In terms of color alone, there are bright red, rose red, pink, orange red, Many types such as color spots, color stripes, color outlines, single petals, double petals, etc., coupled with structural differences in petals, pedicels, stamens, pistils, etc., make it very difficult to screen hybrid plants with excellent flower phenotypes.

Contents of the invention

One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a screening method for a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype individual plant, so as to solve the problem that the hybrid progeny flower phenotype of the conventional method is rich and the hybrid progeny flower phenotype is excellent. The screening problem is very difficult.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a screening method for a rhododendron hybrid offspring flower phenotype excellent single plant, comprising the following steps:

S1: Variety collection: Hybrid offspring are obtained after crossing rhododendrons;

S2: Data collection: Collect the morphological data of Rhododendrons to be screened, and measure the quantitative and qualitative traits of each hybrid offspring of Rhododendrons respectively; the quantitative shape includes: number of petals, petal size, pedicel length, corolla lobes length and Corolla lobes width; the quality traits include: presence or absence of sepals, sepal color, whether sepals are petalized, corolla size, corolla type, corolla lobes color, corolla lobes internal ornamentation shape, petal shape, whether stamens are petalized, stamens are opposite to pistils Height, whether the pistil is petalized;

S3: Calculation: Calculate the coefficient of variation of the qualitative traits and quantitative traits according to the following formula:

The index statistics of the quantitative traits include the following parameters: maximum value, minimum value, average value, standard deviation, variance, and standard error; the following parameters of the qualitative trait index statistics: presence or absence, type, color, ornamentation, petalization, stamen pistil; where, σ is the standard deviation, μ is the average value, and the degree of variation is divided into three levels according to the results: low (0-10%), medium (10-20%), high (>20%), Individual plants with higher Cv values were screened out to complete the screening.

As a preferred solution, in the step S2, the parameters of the number of petals, the size of the petals, the length of the pedicel, the length of the corolla lobes and the width of the corolla lobes are all lengths, and the unit is cm.

As a preferred solution, in the step S2, the parameters of whether the sepals are present, whether the sepals are petalized, whether the stamens are petalized, and whether the pistils are petalized are yes/no, where yes represents 1 and no represents 2.

As a preferred solution, in the step S2, the parameters of the sepal color, corolla size, corolla type, corolla lobes color, corolla lobes inner decoration shape, petal shape, stamen and pistil relative height are multiple traits; wherein, sepal color The parameters include: 1 white green, 2 green, 3 maroon, 4 none; the parameters of corolla size include: 1<1.5-2cm, 2 2-3cm, 33-4cm, 4 4-5.5cm, 5>6.0cm; Corolla type parameters include: 1 single petal, 2 double petals, 3 semi-double petal sleeve, 4 semi double petal, 5 sleeve; parameters of corolla lobes color include: 1 red, 2 rose red, 3 pink, 4 white; The parameters of the ornamentation shape in the corolla lobes include: 1 none, 2 spots, 3 stripes, and 4 plaques; the parameters of the petal shape include: 1 obovate, 2 ovate, 3 broad ellipse, 4 ellipse, 5 narrow ellipse; stamens are opposite to pistils The height parameters include: 1 longer than, 2 nearly equal in length, 3 shorter than, 4 none.

The above parameters and their assignment standards are shown in the following table:

Table 1: Morphological traits of Rhododendron and their value assignment standards

One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the diversity of individual plants with excellent flower phenotypes of Rhododendron hybrid progeny, so as to make up for the fact that conventional methods do not establish the diversity of individual plants with excellent flower phenotypes of Rhododendron hybrid progeny. Gaps in the computing system.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for calculating the diversity of a rhododendron hybrid progeny with excellent flower phenotypes. parameter, the formula for the calculation is:

Among them: ni represents the i-th trait; N represents the total number of all traits in the research object; Pi=ni/N, represents the frequency of the i-th trait; Ln represents the natural logarithm, screening H' and Cv values.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an application of a screening method for a rhododendron hybrid progeny with excellent flower phenotype, said application comprising applying the screening method described in any one of claims 1-4 to Other horticultural flower plant hybrid progeny excellent single plant screening research.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The present invention uses the rhododendrons of the hybrid progenies of white Belgian rhododendrons and pink evening glow rhododendrons as research materials, by setting quantity and quality indicators related to flower traits, and using statistical methods to calculate the correlation between each trait index, On this basis, through the analysis of coefficient of variation (Cv) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′), with the help of heat map and cluster analysis map, a kind of rhododendron hybrid offspring with excellent flower phenotype was determined. Digital screening methods.

The present invention provides an accurate, fast and efficient digital screening method for single plants with excellent flower phenotypes of rhododendron hybrid progeny, which fills the vacancy in screening technology for hybrid progeny of horticultural plants including rhododendron. It has important application value in the fields of germplasm creation and new variety breeding research.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the pedigree diagram of the petals of the hybrid offspring and the petals of the parents;

Fig. 2 is the heat map of petal quantity traits and quality traits of hybrid progeny;

Fig. 3 is the cluster diagram of petal quantity traits and quality traits of hybrid progeny.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example:

Confirmation of hybrid offspring and flower traits

The petals of 61 hybrid progenies of white Belgium (Rhododendron hybridum Hort.) (♂) and pink evening glow (Rhododendron pulchurum ‘WanXia’) (♀) planted in Ningbo Beilun Wanjing Rhododendron Seed Garden were used as the research objects. White Belgian Rhododendron (Rhododendron hybridum Hort.) (♂) is one of the main species of potted flowers in the world, with white flowers; pink evening glow Rhododendron (Rhododendron pulchurum 'WanXia') (♀) is a light-loving, temperature-loving and moisture-loving species. Plant, the flowers are double and larger, and the flower color is generally pink. Both rhododendrons are horticultural flowers with high ornamental value.

Picking of hybrid progeny flowers

The parental cross experiment was carried out in January 2017 in Ningbo Beilun Wanjing Rhododendron Seed Garden, China. 61 plants were obtained in the greenhouse in May 2020. In mid-April 2021, the flowers of the hybrid progeny plants were collected and grouped by flower color, including 16 plants in the red group, 14 plants in the rose red group, 10 plants in the pink group, and 21 plants in the white group (Figure 1).

Observation and Determination of Petal Characters of Hybrid Progeny

1. Determination of quantitative traits: Determination of 5 quantitative traits, specifically including: measuring the number of petals with a counter, measuring the size of petals with a leaf area meter, and measuring the length of the pedicel, the length of the corolla lobes and the width of the corolla lobes with the leaf area meter.

2. Observation of quality traits: According to the description and assignment of traits in "Forestry Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China" LY/T1852-2009, observe 11 quality traits of petals of hybrid progeny plants, including: presence or absence of sepals, sepal color, Whether the sepals are petalized, the size of the corolla, the type of the corolla, the color of the corolla lobes, the shape of the inner decoration of the corolla lobes, the shape of the petals, whether the stamens are petalized, the relative height of the stamens and the pistils, and whether the pistils are petalized.

The above parameters and their assignment standards are shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1: Morphological traits of Rhododendron and their value assignment standards

Correlation Analysis of Quantitative Traits and Quality Traits

With the help of SPSS 25.0 and Origin 2018, the correlation analysis was performed on the quantitative and qualitative traits of flowers, and the results are shown in Table 2. A positive value indicates a positive correlation between traits, and a negative value indicates a negative correlation between traits.

Table 2 Correlation analysis of petal quality traits and quantitative traits of hybrid offspring

1 1 2 0.234 1 3 -0.287^* -0.175 1 4 -0.22 -0.122 0.603^** 1 5 -0.162 0.088 0.324^* 0.193 1 6 -0.279^* 0.178 -0.138 -0.178 0.042 1 7 -0.245 0.062 -0.158 -0.195 0.036 0.913^** 1 8 0.279^* -0.178 0.138 0.178 -0.042 -1.000^** -0.913^** 1 9 -0.206 0.067 0.329^** 0.181 0.907^** 0.122 0.091 -0.122 1 10 0.19 -0.011 -0.062 0.037 -0.236 -0.069 -0.088 0.069 -0.103 1 11 -0.359^** -0.065 -0.014 -0.104 0.029 0.114 0.092 -0.114 0.109 -0.218 1 12 -0.277^* -0.17 0.074 -0.097 0.029 0.295^* 0.315^* -0.295^* 0.077 -0.094 0.440^** 1 13 0.270^* 0.517^** -0.148 -0.092 0.169 0.051 0.033 -0.051 0.09 -0.076 -0.009 -0.122 1 14 -0.154 -0.550^** 0.319^* 0.184 -0.095 -0.277^* -0.224 0.277^* -0.064 0.113 0.019 0.163 -0.362^** 1 15 0.186 0.053 -0.337^** -0.280^* -0.214 -0.108 -0.095 0.108 -0.249 -0.027 -0.205 -0.041 0.279^* 0.044 1 16 -0.183 -0.211 0.242 0.191 0.058 0.124 0.13 -0.124 0.039 -0.035 0.253^＊ 0.17 -0.413^** 0.206 -0.707^** 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Note: *p<0.05, significant difference; **p<0.01, extremely significant difference.

The correlation analysis of the petal phenotypic traits of the hybrid progeny showed that the correlation between the phenotypic traits was highly complex, and there was a negative correlation between qualitative traits and quantitative traits. Among them, the length of the pedicel was significantly negatively correlated with the length of corolla lobes (p<0.05), the presence or absence of sepals (p<0.05), the color of corolla lobes (p<0.01) and the internal ornamentation of corolla lobes (p<0.05). Whether the sepals are petalized (p<0.05) has a significant positive correlation with the petal shape (p<0.05); the number of petals has a significant negative correlation with whether the stamens are petalized (p<0.01), and there is a significant negative correlation with the petal shape (p<0.01 ) was significantly positively correlated; corolla lobes length and corolla lobes width (p<0.01), corolla length (p<0.05), corolla size (p<0.01) and stamen petalization (p<0.01) were significantly positive Correlation, there is a significant negative correlation with the relative height of pistil and stamen (p<0.01); there is a significant negative correlation between the width of corolla lobes and the relative height of pistil and stamen (p<0.01); the length of corolla and the size of corolla (p<0.01) 0.01) was significantly positively correlated; the presence of sepals was significantly negatively correlated with whether the sepals were petalized (p<0.01) and whether the stamens were petalized (p<0.05), and was significantly negatively correlated with the sepal color (p<0.01) and corolla lobes The inner ornamentation shape (p<0.05) was significantly positively correlated; the sepal color was significantly negatively correlated with whether the sepals were petalized (p<0.01), and was significantly positively correlated with the inner ornamentation shape of the corolla lobes (p<0.05) Relationship; whether the sepals are petalized or not has a significant negative correlation with the inner ornamentation of the corolla lobes (p<0.05), and has a significant positive correlation with whether the stamens are petalized (p<0.05); the color of the corolla lobes and the inner ornamentation of the corolla lobes (p<0.01) and whether the pistil is petalized (p<0.05) are significantly positively correlated; the petal shape is significantly negatively correlated with whether the stamen is petalized (p<0.01) and whether the pistil is petalized (p<0.01) , was significantly positively correlated with the relative height of pistil and stamen (p<0.05); and was significantly negatively correlated with the relative height of pistil and stamen (p<0.01) (Table 2).

Measurement and calculation of the maximum value, minimum value, average value, standard deviation, variance, and standard error of the quantitative traits of the hybrid offspring, as well as the calculation of the coefficient of variation and diversity index (H')

The results of the maximum value, minimum value, average value, standard deviation, variance, and standard error of quantitative traits are obtained through measurement and statistical calculation. The calculation of Cv and H' refers to the following formulas respectively:

Among them, σ is the standard deviation and μ is the mean value. According to the results, the degree of variation is divided into three levels: low (0-10%), medium (10-20%), high (>20%).

Among them: ni represents the i-th trait; N represents the total number of all traits in the research object; Pi=ni/N, represents the frequency of the i-th trait; Ln represents the natural logarithm.

The results showed that the genetic diversity index of 5 quantitative traits of petals in the 61 hybrid progenies was quite different. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') ranged from 1.057 to 1.638, with an average value of 1.298. Among them, the diversity index of corolla lobes length (1.638) is the largest, and the genetic diversity indexes of other traits are arranged in descending order, as follows: corolla lobes length (1.638) > corolla size (1.615) > pedicel length (1.098) > Corolla lobes width (1.080) > number of petals (1.057). Most of the quantitative traits H' of the petals of the hybrid progeny were higher than the qualitative traits, indicating that the variation range of the quantitative traits was larger. The coefficients of variation of five quantitative traits were relatively large, all exceeding 10%, among which the coefficient of number of petals (0.49) was the largest, followed by the length of pedicel (0.20), and the other two quantitative traits had a higher degree of variation, above 20%, 3 The variability of the quantitative traits is moderate, between 10% and 20%.

The petal quantity traits of the hybrid progeny had a high level of diversity and abundant variation. Based on the statistical analysis of qualitative and quantitative traits, the petal traits of the hybrid progeny plants are quite different, and the genetic background of the petal germplasm resources of the hybrid progeny plants is relatively rich, which can provide excellent varieties for the excellent rhododendron plants of the hybrid progeny. quality basis (Table 3).

Table 3 Analysis of genetic diversity index of petal quantity traits in hybrid offspring

Frequency distribution and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') determination of quality traits in hybrid offspring

The calculation of quality trait frequency and diversity index (H′) refers to the following formula:

Among them: ni represents the i-th trait; N represents the total number of all traits in the research object; Pi=ni/N, represents the frequency of the i-th trait; Ln represents the natural logarithm.

The results showed that 11 petal quality traits of 61 hybrid progenies showed different degrees of variation, and the frequency distribution of variation types of each trait was different. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H ^′ ) ranged from 0.243 to 1.495, with an average value of 0.824. Sepal color, corolla lobes color, and petal shape are those with H ^' more than 1, and some petal traits have rich genetic improvement potential and genetic diversity (Table 4). Among them, the color of corolla lobes (1.353) is the largest, and the proportion of white plants in the hybrid offspring is the highest. Whether the pistil is petalized or not is the smallest (0.243), and 93% of the hybrid offspring have no petalized pistil. The genetic H ^' of each trait was as follows: corolla lobes color (1.353)>petal shape (1.168)>sepals color (1.012)>corolla type (0.978)>corolla lobes interior pattern (0.829)>corolla size (0.674)>stamens or not Petalization (0.663)>relative height between pistil and stamen (0.53)>sepal presence or absence (0.471)≥sepal petalization (0.471)>pistil petalization (0.243) (Table 4). The 11 quality traits were obviously segregated in the mutant individual plants, and some traits had a large dispersion range and a high H ^′ , and the petals of the hybrid progeny had rich genetic diversity.

Table 4 Analysis of genetic diversity index of petal quality traits in hybrid offspring

Cluster analysis and digital map production of heat map

The Euclidean distance was calculated by using SPSS 25.0 software, and the cluster analysis of 16 agronomic phenotypic traits of 61 petal plants of the hybrid offspring was carried out by using the systematic clustering WPGMA method. Draw a heat map with the help of Heatmap software.

The results showed that the 16 traits of the petals of the 61 hybrid progenies were clustered, and the genetic distance between the pink hybrid progeny No. 52 and other individual plants was the largest. Due to its specific phenotypic characteristics, it was first separated by Euclidean distance, and categorized separately. When the threshold value was 5-16, the 61 hybrid progenies could be divided into five categories, four of which were subgroups. The first category is that the number of petals of the pink hybrid progeny of No. 52 is quite different from other hybrid progenies, which can provide breeding materials for the selection of new varieties. The second category includes No. 2, No. 5, No. 9, No. 11, No. 14, No. 28, No. 35, No. 36, No. 43, No. 48, No. 49 and No. 50 hybrid offspring. The third category includes No. 12, No. 23, No. 40, No. 41, No. 45, No. 46, No. 47, No. 53, No. 54, No. 56, No. 58, No. 59, No. 60 and No. 61. The four types include No. 3, No. 4, No. 7, No. 13, No. 17, No. 20, No. 25, No. 26, No. 29 and No. 33 hybrid offspring, and the fifth type includes No. 1, No. 6, No. 8, No. 10 No., No. 16, No. 15, No. 18, No. 19 and No. 33. 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 27, 30, 31, 32, 34, 37, 38, 39, 42, 44, 51, 55 and 57 hybrid progeny. There is a strong correlation between the number of petals and the clustering results of hybrid progenies. The number of petals of No. 52 pink of the first category is 39, the second category is 4-8, the third category is 15-27, and the fourth category is 5-22 (as shown in Figure 2).

The heat map analysis shows that the pink hybrid progeny Rhododendron No. 52 with the largest number of petals, the pink hybrid progeny Rhododendron 58 with the longest pedicel length, and the red hybrid progeny Rhododendron 36 with the longest and widest corolla lobes were selected. 4 plants including Rhododendron 43, the red hybrid progeny with the largest corolla size, are single plants with excellent flower traits (as shown in Figure 3).

The above examples also further illustrate that the screening method of the present invention for a rhododendron hybrid progeny with excellent flower phenotype can effectively screen and obtain a rhododendron hybrid progeny with excellent individual plants.

The materials and experimental equipment involved in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified. The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but they should not be construed as limitations on the claims. All changes made within the protection scope of the independent claims of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Although the present disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a screening method for a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent individual plant, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: S1: Variety collection: Hybrid offspring are obtained after crossing rhododendrons; S2: Data collection: Collect the morphological data of Rhododendrons to be screened, and measure the quantitative and qualitative traits of each hybrid offspring of Rhododendrons respectively; the quantitative shape includes: number of petals, petal size, pedicel length, corolla lobes length and Corolla lobes width; the quality traits include: presence or absence of sepals, sepal color, whether sepals are petalized, corolla size, corolla type, corolla lobes color, corolla lobes internal ornamentation shape, petal shape, whether stamens are petalized, stamens are opposite to pistils Height, whether the pistil is petalized; S3: Calculation: Calculate the coefficient of variation of the qualitative traits and quantitative traits according to the following formula:

The index statistics of the quantitative traits include the following parameters: maximum value, minimum value, average value, standard deviation, variance, and standard error; the following parameters of the qualitative trait index statistics: presence or absence, type, color, ornamentation, petalization, stamen pistil; where, σ is the standard deviation, μ is the average value, and the degree of variation is divided into three levels according to the results: low (0-10%), medium (10-20%), high (>20%), Individual plants with higher Cv values were screened out to complete the screening. 2. The screening method of a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the number of petals, the size of the petals, the length of the pedicel, the length of the corolla lobes and the length of the corolla The parameters of lobe width are lengths in cm. 3. The method for screening a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, whether the sepals are present, whether the sepals are petalized, whether the stamens are petalized, The parameter of whether the pistil is petalized is yes/no, where yes represents 1 and no represents 2. 4. The screening method for a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the sepal color, corolla size, corolla type, corolla lobes color, corolla The parameters of ornamentation shape in lobes, petal shape, and relative height of stamens and pistils are multiple traits; among them, the parameters of sepal color include: 1 white green, 2 green, 3 maroon, 4 none; the parameters of corolla size include: 1<1.5 -2cm, 2 2-3cm, 3 3-4cm, 4 4-5.5cm, 5>6.0cm; corolla type parameters include: 1 single, 2 double, 3 semi-double sleeve, 4 semi-double, 5 sleeves; the parameters of the color of the corolla lobes include: 1 red, 2 rose red, 3 pink, and 4 white; the parameters of the inner decoration shape of the corolla lobes include: 1 none, 2 spots, 3 stripes, and 4 spots; the parameters of the petal shape Including: 1 obovate, 2 ovate, 3 broad ellipse, 4 ellipse, 5 narrow ellipse; the parameters of the relative height of stamens and pistils include: 1 longer than, 2 nearly equal in length, 3 shorter than, 4 none. 5. A method for calculating the diversity of a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant, characterized in that, said method for calculating diversity adopts the parameters obtained by screening the screening method according to any one of claims 1-4, so The above calculation formula is:

Among them: ni represents the i-th trait; N represents the total number of all traits in the research object; Pi=ni/N, represents the frequency of the i-th trait; Ln represents the natural logarithm, screening H' and Cv values. 6. The application of a screening method for a rhododendron hybrid progeny flower phenotype excellent single plant, characterized in that the application includes applying the screening method of any one of claims 1-4 to other horticultural flower plant hybrids In the research of screening of superior single plants.

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