Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that the above-mentioned approximate method for screening varieties based on single character is easy to cause omission approximation kind, this hair
It is bright to provide a kind of peanut specific test approximation method for screening varieties based on phenotype distance.This method is directed to kind dissimilarity
Shape expression status observation is observed this different feature of influence degree by environment and personnel, between application kind and known kind
The expression status code difference of selected phenotypic character gives certain weight, by application kind and known kind in one group of character
Weight be added, obtain interracial phenotype distance.The size of weight depends on the character, expression status observation by environment and
The size of personnel observation influence degree and code difference.Trait expression is more stable, observed deviation is smaller, and weight is bigger;Code is poor
Value is bigger, and weight is bigger.By, there are the statistics of a large amount of test article inter-species phenotype distances of notable difference, finding out one to character
It is a approximation screening varieties safe distance, guarantee be higher than the safe distance kind there are apparent differences.Screening approximate product
When kind, using the safe distance as the threshold value of approximate screening varieties: the known kind higher than the safe distance is deposited with approximate kind
In apparent difference, do not need to plant;Field is carried out as approximate kind and application kind less than the known kind of the safe distance
Between adjacent plantation and Evaluation on specificity.In this way, personnel's observed deviation, interaction and data inputting mistake are preferably eliminated
With the influence of pairing approximation screening varieties, the preciseness of approximate screening varieties is improved.
The technical scheme is that a kind of peanut specific test approximation method for screening varieties based on phenotype distance,
It is characterized in that
(1) weight of each peanut phenotypic character code difference is set
The phenotypic character number of the current still peanut varieties (such as the kind being bred as nearly ten years) with application potential of acquisition
According to (the high character of Variety identification power in DUS Testing Guideline, two growth cycles of each kind general test), to the table of acquisition
Type trait data is arranged, and peanut varieties phenotype trait data library is established;It is observed according to the expression status of each phenotypic character
Value is by the degree of environmental influence and the size of personnel's observed deviation, to all expression status of each peanut phenotypic character
(such as code is 1-9 to code difference, and difference 0,1,2 ... 8) is arranged different weights, obtains data as shown in Table 1, is inputted
Peanut varieties phenotype trait data library;
For qualitative character, when code difference is more than or equal to 1, weight 2-6, for quantitative character and false qualitative character,
It is poor to different codes according to trait expression State Viewpoint measured value by the degree of environmental influence and the size of personnel's observed deviation
Value, gives different weights.The weight of peanut difference DUS test character expression status difference is as follows:
The weight of 1 peanut difference DUS test character expression status difference of table
Note: 1.QN: quantitative character, PQ: false qualitative character;QL: qualitative character
2. "-" indicates do not have (weight of corresponding respective code difference)
(2) setting of phenotype distance threshold
To the phenotypic character expression status code difference of pairs of peanut varieties, weight is assigned by the method for step (1), is owned
Weight addition on phenotypic character obtains two interracial phenotype distances;By the obvious journey of a large amount of phenotype distances and Differences
Degree is compared, and obtains relationship between the two, determines a phenotype distance threshold on this basis: when phenotype distance between kind
When greater than the threshold value, difference compares it is obvious that not needing field planting between kind;And by phenotype distance threshold input database
System.
The present invention after years of research and found that, suitable phenotype distance threshold be 2, i.e., when between kind phenotype distance >=2 when, product
Difference is apparent between kind;It is determined as approximate kind when two interracial phenotype distance < 2.
(3) approximate screening varieties
The approximate screening varieties software based on phenotype distance is developed in peanut varieties phenotype trait data library based on foundation.
The phenotype trait data of application kind to be measured is inputted into peanut varieties phenotype trait data library, which can be according to step
Suddenly the method for (2) calculates the phenotype distance of application kind to be measured and each known kind, and is compared with phenotype distance threshold
Compared with phenotype distance is less than approximate kind of the known kind of threshold value as the application kind to be measured.
Method of the invention is different with influence degree of the personnel to various trait expression status observation according to environmental condition
This feature gives a weight, the sum of variant character weight is used as kind between calculating kind to the difference of code kind
Between phenotype distance.By the comparative analysis between phenotype distance and difference obvious degree a large amount of true kinds, a peace is determined
Full phenotype distance threshold when guaranty inter-species phenotype distance is higher than the threshold value, certainly exists apparent difference between kind.Into
When row approximation screening varieties, lower than the kind of the phenotype distance threshold as approximate kind.Method of the invention has the advantage that
(1) fault-tolerance is strong, and preciseness is good.Even if individual character expression status observations are due to artificial origin (observed deviation, individual data
Mistake) or kind and environment interaction, deviate normal value, approximate kind will not be omitted, i.e. the fault-tolerance of this method is stronger, mentions
The high preciseness of approximate screening varieties.(2) with strong points.This method calculates application kind and approximate product by Database Systems
The phenotype distance of kind, convenient for, by the plantation adjacent with application kind of closest kind, improving specific test when field trial
Specific aim;(3) high-efficient.Using this method, do not need that each character is separately provided according to the expression status of application kind
Expression status range shortens the approximate screening varieties time.
Embodiment 1: kind phenotype trait data library known to peanut is established
2004 to 2017, applicant carried out DUS test to the peanut varieties of Huang-Huai-Hai 388 parts times altogether.Each
Two growth cycles of kind general test acquire data to all 31 characters in Testing Guideline in each period, adopt altogether
Collect phenotype trait data more than 1.2 ten thousand.To the phenotype trait data of acquisition, according to test character expression way, data type into
Arrangement is gone.On this basis, Huang-Huai-Hai peanut varieties phenotype trait data library is established, stores a product more than 300 altogether
The DUS test character data of kind.The screening of this example approximation kind relies on above-mentioned phenotype trait data library to carry out.
According to the expression status observation of each phenotypic character by the degree and personnel's observed deviation of environmental influence
Size, to all expression status code differences of selected rice phenotypic character, (such as code is 1-9, and difference 0,1,2 ... 8)
Different weights is set, and the weight of each character is arranged as shown in table 2.1-31.2, is further arranged based on the table
To one group of statistical data (table 1), above-mentioned phenotype trait data library is inputted.
1 florescence of character
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 3-4 codes of fluctuation).
2.1 expression status of table and code
2.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
2 plant of character: flowering habit;
Trait expression mode: QL;
Stability grade: 2 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
3.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Alternating is bloomed |
Continuously bloom |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
Weight |
0 |
6 |
3 stem of character: flowering habit;
Trait expression mode: QL;
Stability grade: 2 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
4.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Nothing |
Alternating is bloomed |
Continuously bloom |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Weight |
0 |
6 |
6 |
4 leaf of character: leaflet shape;
Trait expression mode: PQ;
Stability grade: 3 (general 2 codes).
5.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Oblong |
Ellipse |
Obovate |
Wide obovate |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
The flower of character 6: corolla color;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 1.
6.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
It is light yellow |
Yellow |
It is orange-yellow |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
6.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
2 |
7 plant of character: habit;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 2 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
7.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Uprightly |
Half is upright |
It crawls |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
7.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Character 8 is only applicable to kind of crawling: stem: habit;
Trait expression mode: QL;
Stability grade: 1.
8.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Uprightly |
It is open and flat |
Code |
1 |
2 |
8.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
Weight |
0 |
4 |
Character 9 is only applicable to kind of crawling: side shoot: top upwarps degree;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 3 (general 3 codes).
9.1 expression status of table and code
9.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
10 leaf of character: leaflet size;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 4 codes of fluctuation).
10.1 expression status of table and code
10.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
11 stem of character: anthocyanin colour developing;
Trait expression mode: QL;
Stability grade: 1.
11.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Nothing |
Have |
Code |
1 |
2 |
11.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
Weight |
0 |
4 |
12 stem of character: density of pubescent;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 4 codes of fluctuation).
12.1 expression status of table and code
12.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
13 plant of character: stem height;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 3 (generally 3 codes of fluctuation).
13.1 expression status of table and code
13.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
14 plant of character: branch quantity;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (can up to 4 codes).
14.1 expression status of table and code
14.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
15 plant of character: side shoot length;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (general 4 codes).
15.1 expression status of table and code
15.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
16 maturity period of character
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 3 (generally 3 codes of fluctuation).
16.1 expression status of table and code
16.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
17 pod of character: seed benevolence rate;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 3 (main 3 codes).
17.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
1 to 2 |
2 to 3 |
3 or more |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
17.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
1 |
18 plant of character: pod number;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (can up to 4 codes).
18.1 expression status of table and code
18.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
19 seed benevolence of character: dormant period;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (can up to 5 codes).
19.1 expression status of table and code
19.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
20 pod of character: length;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 4 codes of fluctuation).
20.1 expression status of table and code
20.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
21 pod of character: contracting degree of hanging;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 4 codes of fluctuation).
21.1 expression status of table and code
21.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
22 pod of character: fruit mouth obvious degree;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 4 codes of fluctuation).
22.1 expression status of table and code
22.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Character 23 has been only applicable to fruit mouth kind: pod: fruit mouth shape;
Trait expression mode: QL;
Stability grade: 1.
23.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
Directly |
It is curved |
Code |
1 |
2 |
23.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
Weight |
0 |
2 |
Character 24: pod: surface texturisation;
Trait expression mode: PQ;
Stability grade: 3 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
24.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
It is smooth |
It is smooth in |
In |
In to coarse |
It is coarse |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
24.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
Character 25: pod: kernel percent;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 3 codes of fluctuation).
25.1 expression status of table and code
25.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Character 26:* seed benevolence: hundred benevolence weights;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 3 (generally 3 codes of fluctuation).
26.1 expression status of table and code
26.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
27 seed benevolence of character: shape;
Trait expression mode: PQ;
Stability grade: 2 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
27.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
It is spherical |
Cylindricality |
Taper |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
27.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
2 |
Character 28: seed benevolence: kernel seed coat colour quantity;
Trait expression mode: QL;
Stability grade: 1.
28.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
It is monochromatic |
Polychrome |
Code |
1 |
2 |
28.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
Weight |
0 |
4 |
Character 29: it is only applicable to monochromatic kind of skin kind: seed benevolence: kernel seed coat colour;
Trait expression mode: PQ;
Stability grade: 2 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
29.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
White |
It is light brown |
Brown |
Light red |
Peony |
Purple |
Darkviolet |
Black |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
29.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
Character 30: seed benevolence: kind skin crackle;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 4 (generally 4 codes of fluctuation).
30.1 expression status of table and code
30.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Character 31: seed benevolence: intradermal surface color is planted;
Trait expression mode: QN;
Stability grade: 2 (generally 2 codes of fluctuation).
31.1 expression status of table and code
Expression status |
White |
It is light yellow |
Buff |
Code |
1 |
2 |
3 |
31.2 code difference of table and weight
Code difference |
0 |
1 |
2 |
Weight |
0 |
0 |
2 |