CN115836634B - A planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for preventing brown wrinkles of tomatoes, which belongs to the technical field of tomato planting, and comprises the following steps: selecting germination acceleration, raising seedlings, treating planting fields, planting, preventing and controlling, and picking; the method comprises the steps of raising seedlings, namely, exposing planting soil to sun to obtain exposed planting soil, uniformly mixing the exposed planting soil, chitosan, xanthan gum, monopotassium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate to obtain mixed planting soil, adding the mixed planting soil into a tray, fully wetting with water, standing, spraying pretreatment liquid on the surface of the mixed planting soil, controlling the weight ratio of prevention liquid to the mixed planting soil to be 1000:2-3, adding the tomato seeds after sprouting after spraying, and carrying out field planting on tomato seedlings after 28-30 days of seedling raising; the planting method is environment-friendly, and does not cause phytotoxicity to tomatoes and influence quality and yield of tomatoes.

Description

A planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tomato planting, in particular to a planting method for preventing and controlling brown wrinkled fruit of tomato.

Background technique

Brown wrinkled fruit virus is a disease that mainly occurs on tomatoes and belongs to the genus Tobacco mosaic virus. The identification of the virus mainly depends on the mosaic symptoms on tomato tender leaves and terminal buds. There will be spots and yellow spots on tomato fruits. Or there may be deformed fruits and leaves. In severe cases, fruit browning, stems or sepals may appear necrotic streaks, and in some cases, leaves may become narrow.

Tomato brown wrinkled fruit virus is mechanically transmitted, which means that anything that comes into contact with it may become a transmission medium. Daily operations such as transplanting, pruning, tethering, spraying, harvesting, etc. can be transmitted. For example, clothes, shoes, equipment and tools can carry and spread the virus. In addition, the virus can also be transmitted through bumble bees and birds.

At present, the most commonly used methods against the brown wrinkled fruit virus of tomato are: reasonable close planting, increasing the application of potassium fertilizer; To timely spray control.

But above-mentioned method is based on physical prevention and control before the onset, just carries out chemical prevention and control after the onset, has the following disadvantages: physical prevention and control needs to expend more labor force, and efficiency is low; Cause tomato phytotoxicity, in addition, because the above-mentioned method is just to carry out chemical prevention and control after the onset, some tomato plants have already been infected, and the control has hysteresis, which will affect the quality and yield of tomatoes.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a planting method for preventing and controlling the brown wrinkled tomato fruit, which is environmentally friendly and will not cause tomato phytotoxicity and affect the quality and yield of the tomato.

For solving above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:

A planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit, comprising the following steps: seed selection and germination acceleration, seedling cultivation, planting field treatment, planting, prevention and control, and picking;

For seed selection and germination acceleration, round and plump tomato seeds are selected, baked at 50-60°C for 50-55min, then placed in soaking liquid at a temperature of 35-45°C for 30-40min, then taken out and rinsed with water Finally, wrap it with moist gauze, and germinate it at 25-30°C. During the germination, ensure that the paper towel is in a moist state, and the germination rate reaches 60-65%, and the tomato seeds after germination are obtained;

The soaking solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of alginic acid, 0.2-0.4 parts of ethephon, 1-2 parts of ammonium phosphate, 0.1-0.15 parts of potassium permanganate, 2-4 parts of poly Ethylene glycol 400, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 100-105 parts of water.

For the seedling cultivation, after the planting soil is exposed to the sun for 6-8 days, the planting soil after the exposure is obtained, and the planting soil, chitosan, xanthan gum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate after the exposure are mixed evenly Finally, the mixed planting soil is obtained, and the mixed planting soil is added to the hole tray, and after being fully moistened with water, it is left to stand for 2-3 days, and then the pretreatment liquid is sprayed on the surface of the mixed planting soil to control the preventive liquid and The weight ratio of the mixed planting soil is 1000:2-3. After the spraying is finished, add the tomato seeds after the germination, control the thickness of the covering soil of the tomato seeds to be 1-1.5cm, and plant the tomato seedlings after 28-30 days of seedling cultivation ;

The pretreatment solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of 5% oligosaccharin aqueous solution, 3-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of alkyl glycoside, 0.5-1 part of anionic polyacrylamide, 100-105 parts of water;

In the pretreatment liquid, the ionization degree of the anionic polyacrylamide is 20-40wt.%, and the degree of polymerization is 100,000-150,000.

For the treatment of the planting field, after the soil in the planting field is deeply plowed, the soil treatment solution is evenly sprayed on the soil surface, and the amount of the soil treatment solution is controlled to be 2-3m ³ /mu. After the spraying, 300- 400kg of decomposed straw, 30-40kg of potassium humate, 15-20kg of treated fly ash, then wash tillage, cover with film, and get the treated planting field after 22-25 days of boring;

The soil treatment liquid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.3-0.4 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.02-0.04 parts of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, 100-105 parts of water.

The preparation method of the treated fly ash is as follows: the fly ash is treated at 50-55°C for 5-6h, and then placed at -20°C to -15°C for 2-3h to obtain the pretreated Fly ash, after the pretreated fly ash, pregelatinized starch, and lentinan are mixed uniformly, the processed fly ash is obtained;

In the preparation of the treated fly ash, the weight ratio of the pretreated fly ash, pregelatinized starch and lentinan is 100-105:10-12:0.4-0.6.

For the colonization, the tomato seedlings to be colonized are transplanted into the planting field, and two-row misplaced colonization is adopted, the row spacing is controlled to be 48-50 cm, the plant spacing is 38-40 cm, and root water is poured after colonization.

For the control, when the plant grows to 32-36cm, set up a frame and tie the vines, and prune the plant until only one main branch is left, and use the control agent to spray for the first time during the first flowering after planting, and the dosage is 40-42kg / mu, 10-12 days later, use the control agent for the second spraying, the dosage is 35-38kg/mu; after each fruit picking, use the control agent for spraying on the day of fruit picking, the dosage is 35-38kg/mu, control If brown wrinkled tomato fruits are found during this period, the whole plant should be pulled out immediately;

The preparation method of the control agent is as follows: add 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules and 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution into water, stir evenly, add sodium carboxymethyl starch and alginic acid, and continue stirring evenly to obtain the control agent. medicine;

In the preparation of the control agent, the weight ratio of 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, 5% amino oligosaccharin water, water, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid is 1-1.5:3-5:800- 820:4-6:5-8.

The picking is carried out after one week of tomato fruiting.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) The planting method for preventing and treating brown wrinkled tomatoes of the present invention can reduce the use of chemical pesticides and is environmentally friendly;

(2) The planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit of the present invention can avoid the generation of tomato brown wrinkled fruit by using the pretreatment liquid in seedling cultivation;

(3) The planting method of preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit of the present invention, by adding soil treatment liquid and mixing 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules with 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution, carboxymethyl starch sodium in the planting field step , Alginic acid is mixed to make a control agent, which can avoid the occurrence of phytotoxicity;

(4) The planting method of preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit of the present invention, by using the pretreatment liquid in the seedling cultivation, adding the soil treatment liquid in the field planting step, and mixing 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules with 5% amino oligosaccharide Plain water agent, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid are mixed to make the control agent, which can avoid the impact on tomato yield in the prevention and treatment of tomato brown wrinkled fruit. According to the planting method of the control tomato brown wrinkled fruit of the present invention, the yield per mu is 6885.47-6994.52kg;

(5) The planting method of preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit of the present invention, by using the pretreatment liquid in the seedling cultivation, adding the soil treatment liquid in the planting step, and mixing 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules with 5% amino oligosaccharide Plain water agent, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid are mixed to make a control agent, which can avoid the impact on tomato quality in preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit. According to the planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit of the present invention, planted tomato The average content of vitamin C is 159.5-167.7mg/kg, and the average content of lycopene is 27.54-29.35μg/g.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific implementations of the present invention are now described.

Example 1

A planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit, specifically:

1. Seed selection and germination acceleration: select round and plump red pink champion tomato seeds, bake them at 50°C for 50 minutes, then place them in soaking liquid at a temperature of 35°C for 30 minutes, take them out, rinse them with water and wrap them with moist gauze , accelerate germination at 25°C, ensure that the paper towel is in a moist state during the germination, and accelerate the germination until the whitening rate reaches 60%, and obtain the tomato seeds after the germination;

The soaking solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of alginic acid, 0.2 part of ethephon, 1 part of ammonium phosphate, 0.1 part of potassium permanganate, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol 400, 1 part of carboxymethyl Sodium cellulose, 100 parts water.

2. Raising seedlings: Expose the soil of the planting site to the sun for 6 days to obtain the planting soil after exposure to the sun. After mixing the planting soil after exposure to the sun, chitosan, xanthan gum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate, After obtaining the mixed planting soil, add the mixed planting soil into the hole tray, fully moisten it with water, let it stand for 2 days, then spray the pretreatment liquid on the surface of the mixed planting soil, and control the preventive liquid and the mixed planting soil. The weight ratio of soil is 1000:2, and after spraying finishes, add the tomato seed after vernalization, the covering soil thickness of controlling tomato seed is 1cm, after seedling cultivation 28 days, carry out the field planting of tomato seedling;

The pretreatment solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of 5% oligosaccharin aqueous solution, 3 parts of betaine, 1 part of glucose, 1 part of alkyl glycoside, 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide, 100 parts portion of water;

The ionization degree of the anionic polyacrylamide is 20wt.%, and the polymerization degree is 100,000.

3. Treat the planting field: After deep plowing the soil in the planting field, spray the soil treatment solution evenly on the soil surface, control the amount of the soil treatment solution to 2m ³ /mu, add 300kg of decomposed straw per mu after spraying, 30kg of potassium humate and 15kg of treated fly ash are then washed and plowed, covered with film, and after 22 days of boring, the treated planting field is obtained;

The soil treatment liquid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.3 part of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.02 part of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, and 100 parts of water.

The preparation method of the treated fly ash is as follows: place the fly ash at 50°C for 5 hours, then place it at -20°C for 2 hours to obtain the pretreated fly ash, and place the pretreated fly ash Coal ash, pregelatinized starch, and lentinan are mixed uniformly to obtain processed fly ash;

Wherein, the weight ratio of pretreated fly ash, pregelatinized starch and lentinan is 100:10:0.4.

4. Colonization: Transplant the tomato seedlings that need to be planted into the planting field, adopt double-row misplaced planting, control the row spacing to 48cm, and the plant spacing to 38cm, and pour root water after planting.

5. Control: When the plant grows to 32cm, set up a frame and tie the vines, and trim the plant until only one main branch is left. After the planting, use the control agent for the first spray during the first flowering period. The dosage is 40kg/mu, 10 Spray the second time with control chemicals at a dosage of 35kg/mu in the next day; every time the fruit is picked, spray with control chemicals at a dosage of 35kg/mu on the day of fruit picking. Strain removal;

The preparation method of the control agent is as follows: add 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules and 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution into water, stir evenly, add sodium carboxymethyl starch and alginic acid, and continue stirring evenly to obtain the control agent. medicine;

Among them, the weight ratio of 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution, water, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid is 1:3:800:4:5.

6. Picking: Tomatoes are picked after one week of fruiting.

Example 2

A planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit, specifically:

1. Seed selection and germination acceleration: select round and plump red pink champion tomato seeds, bake them at 55°C for 52 minutes, then place them in soaking liquid at a temperature of 40°C for 35 minutes, take them out, rinse them with water and wrap them with moist gauze , germination at 28°C, keeping the paper towel in a moist state during germination, until the rate of germination reaches 62%, and tomato seeds after germination are obtained;

The soaking solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of alginic acid, 0.3 part of ethephon, 1.5 parts of ammonium phosphate, 0.12 parts of potassium permanganate, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol 400, 2 parts of carboxymethyl Sodium cellulose, 102 parts water.

2. Raising seedlings: Expose the soil of the planting site to the sun for 7 days to obtain the planting soil after exposure to the sun. After mixing the planting soil after exposure to the sun, chitosan, xanthan gum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate, After obtaining the mixed planting soil, add the mixed planting soil into the hole tray, fully moisten it with water, let it stand for 2 days, then spray the pretreatment liquid on the surface of the mixed planting soil, and control the preventive liquid and the mixed planting soil. The weight ratio of soil is 1000:2.5, after spraying finishes, add the tomato seed after vernalization, the covering soil thickness of controlling tomato seed is 1.2cm, after seedling cultivation 29 days, carry out the field planting of tomato seedling;

The pretreatment liquid is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of 5% oligosaccharin aqueous solution, 4 parts of betaine, 2 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of alkyl glycoside, 0.8 part of anionic polyacrylamide, 102 parts portion of water;

The ionicity of the anionic polyacrylamide is 30wt.%, and the degree of polymerization is 120,000.

3. Treat the planting field: After deep plowing the soil in the planting field, spray the soil treatment solution evenly on the soil surface, control the amount of the soil treatment solution to 2.5m ³ /mu, and add 350kg of decomposed straw per mu after spraying , 35kg of potassium humate, 18kg of processed fly ash and then after washing and plowing, covered with film, after 24 days of boring, the planting field after treatment was obtained;

The soil treatment liquid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.35 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.03 parts of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, and 102 parts of water.

The preparation method of the treated fly ash is as follows: place the fly ash at 52°C for 5.5 hours, and then place it at -18°C for 2.5 hours to obtain the pretreated fly ash. After the fly ash, pregelatinized starch and lentinan are mixed evenly, the processed fly ash is obtained;

Wherein, the weight ratio of pretreated fly ash, pregelatinized starch and lentinan is 102:11:0.5.

4. Colonization: transplant the tomato seedlings that need to be planted into the planting field, and use double-row misplaced planting, control the row spacing to 49cm, and the plant spacing to 39cm, and pour root water after planting.

5. Control: When the plant grows to 34cm, set up a frame and tie the vines, and trim the plant until only one main branch is left, and spray the control agent for the first time during the first flowering period after planting. The dosage is 41kg/mu, 11 Spray the second time with control chemicals at a dosage of 36kg/mu in the next day; every time after fruit picking, spray with control chemicals at a dosage of 36kg/mu on the day of fruit picking. Strain removal;

The preparation method of the control agent is as follows: add 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules and 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution into water, stir evenly, add sodium carboxymethyl starch and alginic acid, and continue stirring evenly to obtain the control agent. medicine;

Among them, the weight ratio of 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution, water, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid is 1.2:4:810:5:6.

6. Picking: Tomatoes are picked after one week of fruiting.

Example 3

A planting method for preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit, specifically:

1. Seed selection and germination acceleration: select round and plump red pink champion tomato seeds, bake them at 60°C for 55 minutes, then place them in soaking liquid at a temperature of 45°C for 40 minutes, take them out, rinse them with water, and wrap them with moist gauze , accelerate germination at 30°C, ensure that the paper towel is in a moist state during the germination, and accelerate the germination until the whitening rate reaches 65%, and obtain the tomato seeds after the germination;

The soaking solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of alginic acid, 0.4 part of ethephon, 2 parts of ammonium phosphate, 0.15 part of potassium permanganate, 4 parts of polyethylene glycol 400, 3 parts of carboxymethyl Sodium Cellulose, 105 parts water.

2. Raising seedlings: Expose the soil of the planting site to the sun for 8 days to obtain the planting soil after exposure to the sun. After mixing the planting soil after exposure to the sun, chitosan, xanthan gum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate, After obtaining the mixed planting soil, add the mixed planting soil into the hole tray, fully moisten it with water, let it stand for 3 days, then spray the pretreatment liquid on the surface of the mixed planting soil, and control the preventive liquid and the mixed planting soil. The weight ratio of soil is 1000:3, and after spraying finishes, add the tomato seed after vernalization, the covering soil thickness of controlling tomato seed is 1.5cm, after seedling cultivation 30 days, carry out the field planting of tomato seedling;

The pretreatment solution is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of 5% oligosaccharin aqueous solution, 5 parts of betaine, 3 parts of glucose, 2 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1 part of anionic polyacrylamide, 105 portion of water;

The ionicity of the anionic polyacrylamide is 40wt.%, and the degree of polymerization is 150,000.

3. Treat the planting field: After deep plowing the soil in the planting field, spray the soil treatment solution evenly on the soil surface, control the amount of the soil treatment solution to 3m ³ /mu, add 400kg of decomposed straw per mu after spraying, 40kg of potassium humate and 20kg of treated fly ash are then washed and plowed, covered with film, and after 25 days of boring, the treated planting field is obtained;

The soil treatment liquid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.4 part of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.04 part of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, and 105 parts of water.

The preparation method of the treated fly ash is as follows: place the fly ash at 55°C for 6 hours, then place it at -15°C for 3 hours to obtain the pretreated fly ash, and place the pretreated fly ash Coal ash, pregelatinized starch, and lentinan are mixed uniformly to obtain processed fly ash;

Wherein, the weight ratio of pretreated fly ash, pregelatinized starch and lentinan is 105:12:0.6.

4. Colonization: Transplant the tomato seedlings that need to be planted into the planting field, adopt double-row misplaced planting, control the row spacing to 50cm, and the plant spacing to 40cm, and pour root water after planting.

5. Control: When the plant grows to 36cm, set up a frame and tie the vines, and trim the plant until only one main branch is left. After planting, use the control agent to spray for the first time during the first flowering period. The dosage is 42kg/mu, 12 Spray the second time with control chemicals at a dosage of 38kg/mu. Every time after fruit picking, spray with control chemicals at a dosage of 38kg/mu on the day of fruit picking. Strain removal;

The preparation method of the control agent is as follows: add 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules and 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution into water, stir evenly, add sodium carboxymethyl starch and alginic acid, and continue stirring evenly to obtain the control agent. medicine;

Among them, the weight ratio of 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution, water, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid is 1.5:5:820:6:8.

6. Picking: Tomatoes are picked after one week of fruiting.

Comparative example 1

Adopt the planting method of preventing and treating tomato brown wrinkled fruit described in embodiment 1, its difference is: omit the use of pretreatment liquid in the 2nd step seedling raising step.

Comparative example 2

Adopt the planting method of the prevention and treatment tomato brown wrinkled fruit described in embodiment 1, its difference is: the use of soil treatment liquid is omitted in the 3rd step process planting field step, and the preparation method of the 5th step control agent is changed into:

The preparation method of the preventive agent is as follows: adding 75% chlorothalonil water-dispersible granules into water, stirring evenly to obtain the preventive agent;

Wherein, the weight ratio of 75% chlorothalonil water-dispersible granules to water is 1:800.

Test case

Get 5 mu of planting fields, evenly divide them into 5 pieces, number 1-5, carry out physical isolation respectively to No. 1-5 planting fields, and then follow embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 on No. 1-5 planting fields Planting methods to plant tomatoes, the corresponding relationship is as follows:

Ensure that the other planting conditions of No. 1-5 planting fields are the same, plant until the first result, and count whether there are tomato brown wrinkled fruits and phytotoxicity. The statistical results are as follows:

At the same time, after the first result, the yield per mu is counted, and the statistical results are as follows:

10 tomatoes were randomly selected from the tomatoes obtained from No. 1-5 planting fields after the first fruiting, and the contents of vitamin C and lycopene were tested, and the vitamin C and lycopene content in the tomatoes planted in each planting field were calculated respectively. The average content of lycopene is calculated as follows:

As can be seen from the results of this test example, by using pretreatment liquid in seedling cultivation, the generation of tomato brown wrinkled fruit can be avoided; by adding soil treatment liquid and 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granule with 5 % Amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid are mixed to make a preventive agent, which can avoid the occurrence of phytotoxicity. In addition, by using pretreatment solution in seedling cultivation, adding soil treatment solution in the field planting step, and combining 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules with 5% amino oligosaccharin aqueous solution, sodium carboxymethyl starch and alginic acid The mixture is prepared as a control agent, which can improve the yield and quality of tomatoes.

Unless otherwise specified, the percentages used in the present invention are all mass percentages.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The planting method for preventing and controlling brown wrinkles of tomatoes is characterized by comprising the following steps of: seed selection, germination acceleration, seedling cultivation, treatment of planting fields, field planting, prevention and control and picking;

the method comprises the steps of raising seedlings, exposing planting soil to sun for 6-8 days to obtain exposed planting soil, uniformly mixing the exposed planting soil, chitosan, xanthan gum, monopotassium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate to obtain mixed planting soil, adding the mixed planting soil into a cave dish, fully wetting with water, standing for 2-3 days, spraying pretreatment liquid on the surface of the mixed planting soil, controlling the weight ratio of the pretreatment liquid to the mixed planting soil to be 2-3:1000, adding tomato seeds subjected to germination acceleration after the spraying is finished, controlling the covering soil thickness of the tomato seeds to be 1-1.5cm, and raising seedlings for 28-30 days to perform field planting on the tomato seedlings;

the pretreatment liquid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of 5% amino-oligosaccharin aqua, 3-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of alkyl glycoside, 0.5-1 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 100-105 parts of water;

the method comprises the steps of treating the planting field, deep ploughing the soil in the planting field, uniformly spraying the soil treatment liquid on the surface of the soil, and controlling the dosage of the soil treatment liquid to be 2-3m ³ Adding 300-400kg of decomposed straw, 30-40kg of potassium humate and 15-20kg of treated fly ash into each mu after spraying, washing and ploughing, covering a film, and sealing for 22-25 days to obtain a treated planting field;

the soil treatment liquid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.3-0.4 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.02-0.04 part of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid and 100-105 parts of water;

the control is carried out, after plants grow to 32-36cm, the vines are tied up by a frame, the plants are trimmed until only one main branch is left, the control agent is used for carrying out the first spraying during the first flowering period after the field planting, the dosage is 40-42 kg/mu, the control agent is used for carrying out the second spraying after 10-12 days, and the dosage is 35-38 kg/mu; once every fruit is picked later, the prevention and control agent is sprayed on the day of fruit picking, the dosage is 35-38 kg/mu, and if brown wrinkles of tomatoes are found during prevention and control, the whole plant is pulled out immediately;

the preparation method of the control medicament comprises the following steps: adding 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granule and 5% amino-oligosaccharin water into water, uniformly stirring, adding carboxymethyl starch sodium and alginic acid, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain the control medicament.

2. The method for preventing and controlling brown wrinkles and fruits of tomatoes according to claim 1, wherein the seeds are selected for germination, round and full tomato seeds are selected, are placed in a soaking solution with the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for being baked for 50-55min, are taken out after being fully soaked in the soaking solution with the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 30-40min, are covered by wet gauze after being washed with water, are germinated at 25-30 ℃, are ensured to be in a wet state, and are germinated until the white percentage reaches 60-65%, so that the germinated tomato seeds are obtained.

3. The planting method for preventing and controlling brown wrinkles of tomatoes according to claim 2, wherein the soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of alginic acid, 0.2-0.4 part of ethephon, 1-2 parts of ammonium phosphate, 0.1-0.15 part of potassium permanganate, 2-4 parts of polyethylene glycol 400,1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 100-105 parts of water.

4. The planting method for preventing and treating brown wrinkles of tomatoes according to claim 1, wherein the anionic polyacrylamide in the pretreatment liquid has an ionic degree of 20-40wt.% and a polymerization degree of 10-15 ten thousand.

5. The planting method for preventing and controlling brown wrinkles of tomatoes according to claim 1, wherein the treated fly ash is prepared by the following steps: treating the fly ash at 50-55 ℃ for 5-6h, then treating the fly ash at-20 ℃ to-15 ℃ for 2-3h to obtain pretreated fly ash, and uniformly mixing the pretreated fly ash, pregelatinized starch and lentinan to obtain treated fly ash.

6. The planting method for preventing and treating brown wrinkles of tomatoes according to claim 5, wherein in the preparation of the treated fly ash, the weight ratio of the pretreated fly ash to the pregelatinized starch to the lentinan is 100-105:10-12:0.4-0.6.

7. The planting method for preventing and controlling brown wrinkles of tomatoes according to claim 1, wherein the planting is characterized in that tomato seedlings to be planted are transplanted into a planting field, double-row dislocation planting is adopted, row spacing is controlled to be 48-50cm, plant spacing is controlled to be 38-40cm, and root setting water is poured after planting.

8. The planting method for preventing and treating brown wrinkles of tomatoes according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation of the preventing and treating agent, the weight ratio of 75% of chlorothalonil water dispersible granule to 5% of amino oligosaccharin aqua to water to carboxymethyl starch sodium to alginic acid is 1-1.5:3-5:800-820:4-6:5-8.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the picking is performed after the tomato fruit ripens.