CN115812715A - A composition for improving tobacco resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco. Each liter of the composition contains 500-2000 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 40-70 mmol of spermidine and 5-8 g of betaine, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract ; The Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of nuxychonzi, 30-50 parts of tobacco stems, 1-5 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake, 7-5 parts of pyrethrum 10 parts, 5-15 parts of Ailanthus ailanthus leaves, 18-25 parts of Huangteng roots; the preparation method is disclosed at the same time. The invention adopts 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine and betaine to improve the drought resistance performance of tobacco; meanwhile, adopts various Chinese medicinal materials to realize biological control of pests, is convenient to apply, and improves the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

Description

A composition for improving tobacco resistance

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco growth regulators, and in particular relates to a composition for improving stress resistance of tobacco and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

my country is the world's largest producer of tobacco leaves, and the tobacco industry has a unique position in the national economy. Judging from the tobacco planting situation in recent years, the planting area and output show a basically stable production situation. At present, China's total tobacco output accounts for about 41.5% of the world's total output, of which flue-cured tobacco accounts for about 59.9% of the world's total output.

Drought, as one of the main forms of adversity encountered in the process of plant growth and development, accounts for about half of the losses caused by all abiotic stresses to crops, second only to the losses caused by diseases and insect pests in biotic stresses.

Most tobacco growing areas in my country are limited by geographical location and climate environment, and are in a state of water shortage. Tobacco cannot grow normally due to water stress, and at the same time it will cause the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, which seriously restricts the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco and a preparation method thereof.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco, comprising 500-2000 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 40-70 mmol of spermidine, and 5-8 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is prepared by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of nuxychonzi, 30-50 parts of tobacco stems, 1-5 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake, 7-10 parts of pyrethrum parts, 5-15 parts of Ailanthus leaves, 18-25 parts of yellow vine roots.

Preferably, each liter of the composition contains 800-1000 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 50-60 mmol of spermidine and 6-7 g of betaine, and the balance is traditional Chinese medicine extract.

Further, the traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-14 parts of nuxychonzi, 40-45 parts of tobacco stems, 2-3 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 15-17 parts of tea seed cake, pyrethrum 8-9 parts, 8-12 parts of Ailanthus leaves, 20-22 parts of yellow vine root.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese medicinal materials such as Nuxyche, tobacco stem, Chinese prickly ash, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus leaves, Huangteng root, etc. into a container and mash them, add water with 5-8 times the quality of the Chinese medicinal materials, and soak for 2-5 hours; Then boil for 2-4 hours; filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Using the above-mentioned method for improving the stress resistance of tobacco, the composition and water are mixed in a ratio of 1:80-120 and then sprayed; 1 liter of the composition is sprayed per mu.

The invention adopts 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine and betaine to improve the drought resistance performance of tobacco; 5-aminolevulinic acid can participate in regulating the growth and development process of plants, such as regulating and controlling the synthesis of chlorophyll, improving the stability of photosynthetic pigments and photosystem II , promote photosynthesis; it is beneficial to plant tissue differentiation, inhibit dark reaction, expand stomata and other physiological functions; it can promote the growth of plants under salt stress, drought, and low temperature stress, and at the same time increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic adjustment substances. The content of photosynthetic pigments can increase the efficiency of photosynthesis to enhance stress resistance; spermidine can remove active oxygen, promote the hydraulic conductivity of plant roots and the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances in leaves, enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes and root respiration rate, and further improve the tobacco's health. Anti-drought performance; betaine has the structure and function of stabilizing biological macromolecules under osmotic stress conditions, and can also reduce the damage of osmotic dehydration to the structure and function of cell membranes, enzymes and proteins under adversity conditions, thereby improving plant resistance to various stresses. The resistance of the three factors; the synergy of the three greatly improves the drought-resistant performance of tobacco; at the same time, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine extract, which can realize the prevention and treatment of tobacco diseases and insect pests when drought, and contains strychnine in the nuxychonzi, which can control the pests. Kill; nicotine in tobacco stems can prevent and control aphids, red spiders, thrips and other pests; pepper can control aphids, leaf-chan, scale insects, etc.; tea seed cake contains saponin and alkaloids, which mainly kill pests by contact , and has the function of gastrulin; pyrethrum has strong contact killing effect and weak stomach poisoning effect on pests; Ailanthus ailanthus leaves can prevent aphids, etc.; Control effect: the mixed use of various Chinese medicinal materials can greatly improve the insecticidal effect, and at the same time realize the biological control of pests and improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

The method of the invention crushes a variety of raw materials of traditional Chinese medicines, extracts the active ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials to the greatest extent, improves the insecticidal effect, and simultaneously increases three kinds of plant regulators capable of synergistic action, improves the drought resistance performance of tobacco, is convenient to apply, and improves the quality of tobacco leaves. output and quality.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

A composition for improving stress resistance of tobacco, comprising 500 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 40 mmol of spermidine and 5 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of nuxychon seeds, 50 parts of tobacco stems, 5 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 10 parts of tea seed cakes, 7 parts of pyrethrum, 5 parts of Ailanthus sinensis leaves, and 25 parts of yellow vine roots. share.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese herbal medicines such as Nuxyche, tobacco stalks, Chinese prickly ash, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus ailanthii leaves, yellow vine root, etc. into a container and mash, add water 5 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, soak for 2 hours; then boil for 2 hours ; Filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Example 2

A composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco, containing 2000 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 70 mmol of spermidine and 8 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of nuxychon seeds, 30 parts of tobacco stems, 1 part of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 20 parts of tea seed cakes, 10 parts of pyrethrum, 15 parts of Ailanthus sinensis leaves, and 18 parts of yellow vine roots. share.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese herbal medicines such as Nuxyche, tobacco stems, peppercorns, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus Ailanthus leaves, and yellow vine root into a container and mash them, add water 8 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, soak for 5 hours; then boil for 4 hours ; Filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Example 3

A composition for improving stress resistance of tobacco, comprising 800 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 50 mmol of spermidine, and 6 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of nuxychon seeds, 40 parts of tobacco stems, 2 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 15 parts of tea seed cakes, 8 parts of pyrethrum, 12 parts of Ailanthus ailanthii leaves, and 20 parts of yellow vine roots. share.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese herbal medicines such as Nuxyche, tobacco stems, peppercorns, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus Ailanthus leaves, and yellow vine root into a container, add water with 6 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, soak for 4 hours; then boil for 3 hours ; Filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Example 4

A composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco, which contains 1000 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 60 mmol of spermidine and 7 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of nuxychonzi, 45 parts of tobacco stems, 3 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 17 parts of tea seed cake, 9 parts of pyrethrum, 8 parts of Ailanthus ailanthii leaves, 22 parts of yellow vine root share.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese herbal medicines such as nuxychonzi, tobacco stems, peppercorns, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus ailanthus leaves, and yellow vine root into a container and mash them, add water 7 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, soak for 3 hours; then boil for 2.5 hours ; Filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Example 5

A composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco, containing 1500 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 55 mmol of spermidine and 6 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of nuxychon seeds, 35 parts of tobacco stems, 4 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 13 parts of tea seed cakes, 8 parts of pyrethrum, 10 parts of Ailanthus sinensis leaves, and 19 parts of yellow vine roots. share.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese herbal medicines such as Nuxyche, tobacco stems, peppercorns, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus leaves, and yellow vine root into a container and mash them, add water with 5 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, soak for 3.5 hours; then boil for 3.5 hours ; Filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Example 6

A composition for improving stress resistance of tobacco, containing 1800 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 65 mmol of spermidine, and 8 g of betaine per liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of Nuxyche, 43 parts of tobacco stems, 3 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 16 parts of tea seed cake, 10 parts of pyrethrum, 9 parts of Ailanthis sinensis leaves, and 21 parts of yellow vine root share.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese herbal medicines such as Nuxyche, tobacco stems, peppercorns, tea seed cake, pyrethrum, Ailanthus Ailanthus leaves, and yellow vine root into a container, add water 6.5 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, and soak for 4.5 hours; then boil for 3 hours ; Filter to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

Comparative example 1

A composition for improving stress resistance of tobacco, containing 1800 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid and 65 mmol of spermidine per liter of the composition.

Comparative example 2

A composition for improving stress resistance of tobacco, containing 200 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 30 mmol of spermidine and 4 g of betaine in each liter of the composition, and the balance is Chinese medicine extract;

The traditional Chinese medicine extract is obtained by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of Nuxychnium chinensis, 43 parts of tobacco stems, 3 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and 16 parts of tea seed cake.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco comprises the following steps:

S1. Put the Chinese medicinal materials such as Nuxyche, tobacco stem, Chinese prickly ash, tea seed cake, etc. into a container and mash, add water with 6.5 times the weight of the Chinese medicinal materials, soak for 4.5 hours; then boil for 3 hours; filter to obtain the Chinese medicinal extract;

S2, adding 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine, and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extract, stirring evenly, and filling.

In order to further verify the effect of the composition of the present invention, adopt following experiment:

From June to July 2022, it will be carried out in the Tobacco Experimental Field of Pu'an Town, Jiange County, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province. The tested variety is the unique tobacco variety 09011 in Guangyuan Tobacco Area. Polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) was purchased from Suo Laibao Biological Co., Ltd. . Using a completely randomized block test, a total of 8 treatments (respectively the compositions in Examples 1-6 and the compositions in Control Examples 1-2) were set up, and each treatment was repeated three times, with a total of 24 plots. The row spacing is about 110cm, the plant spacing is about 60cm, and 45 tobacco plants are planted in each plot. The selected test field has moderate fertility, the pH of the test soil is 7.05-7.3, the alkaline nitrogen in the soil is 128.34-135mg/kg, the organic matter is 32.28-34g/kg, the available potassium is 159.82-164mg/kg, and the available phosphorus is 49.59-45mg/kg ;

Experimental process: check the soil, the surface soil is monotonous below 6m, and the ground does not regain moisture in the morning, so it should be watered; at this time, watering is not carried out, and the consumption is to spray 1 liter of per mu of land in embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-2. One of the compositions; usage is to mix the compositions in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 with water respectively, the ratio is 1:100; spray once every three days; after spraying 5 times; Agronomic traits, SOD, POD, CAT activity, proline content, soluble protein, root activity, and MDA content were measured by sampling; at the same time, the number of pests was detected.

The experimental results are shown in the table below:

Table 1 Effects of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 on Agronomic Characters of Flue-cured Tobacco under Drought Stress

As can be seen from Table 1, under drought stress, the tobacco character of spraying the composition in embodiment 1-6 is obviously higher than the tobacco in comparative example 1, 2; quality and yield.

Table 2 Effects of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 on root vigor and related enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco under drought stress

As can be seen from Table 2, compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the content of soluble protein in Examples 1-6 was significantly increased by 20-40%, indicating that the composition of Examples 1-6 has a significant effect on increasing soluble protein under drought stress. Flue-cured tobacco root activity, POD content, SOD content, CAT content, and NR content are all improved under the adjustment of the compositions of Examples 1-6; in general, the compositions of Examples 1-6 are effective for improving flue-cured tobacco under drought stress. The content of antioxidant enzymes has a significant effect, and the content of soluble protein, the root activity of flue-cured tobacco, the content of POD and the content of CAT in Example 3 are the highest, so this treatment is the best treatment.

The occurrence of tobacco diseases is investigated according to the national standard of GB/23222-2008 "Tobacco Diseases and Pests Classification and Investigation Methods". Combined with the characteristics of local disease occurrence, the number of diseased plants and the incidence rate of each plot are investigated, and the investigation starts at the early stage of the disease. The investigation is carried out every 5 days Once, more than 4 consecutive investigations;

The survey results are shown in Table 3 below:

The influence of table 3 embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-2 on flue-cured tobacco pest disease incidence

It can be seen from Table 3 that the incidence rates of red spot disease, aphids and tobacco budworm in the experimental group sprayed with the composition in Examples 1-6 of the present invention are all lower than those of control cases 1 and 2, and the pest control effect is remarkable.

In summary, the present invention can improve the drought resistance of tobacco, prevent and control diseases and insect pests, and improve the quality and yield of tobacco.

Claims (5)

1. A composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco is characterized in that,

each liter of the composition comprises 500-2000 mu mol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 40-70mmol of spermidine and 5-8g of betaine, and the balance is traditional Chinese medicine extract;

the traditional Chinese medicine extracting solution is prepared by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of nux vomica, 30-50 parts of cabo, 1-5 parts of pepper, 10-20 parts of tea seed cake, 7-10 parts of pyrethrum, 5-15 parts of ailanthus leaf and 18-25 parts of fibraurea stem.

2. The composition for improving tobacco stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein each liter of the composition comprises 800-1000 μmol of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 50-60mmol of spermidine and 6-7g of betaine, and the balance is traditional Chinese medicine extract.

3. The composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco according to claim 2, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine extracting solution is prepared by steaming and extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-14 parts of nux vomica, 40-45 parts of cabo, 2-3 parts of pepper, 15-17 parts of tea seed cake, 8-9 parts of pyrethrum, 8-12 parts of ailanthus leaf and 20-22 parts of fibraurea stem.

4. The preparation method of the composition for improving the stress resistance of the tobacco as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, putting traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as nux vomica, tobacco stems, pepper, tea seed cakes, pyrethrum, ailanthus altissima swingle leaves and fibraurea stem into a container, mashing, adding water with the mass of 5-8 times of that of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and soaking for 2-5 hours; boiling for 2-4 hr; filtering to obtain Chinese medicinal extractive solution;

and S2, adding the 5-aminolevulinic acid, spermidine and betaine into the traditional Chinese medicine extracting solution, uniformly stirring and filling.

5. The use method of the composition for improving the stress resistance of tobacco as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that the composition and water are mixed in a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 80-120, and spraying; spraying 1 liter of the composition per mu of land.