CN115806356A - A method for purification and treatment of mariculture tail water based on the single-ring spinyweed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for purifying and treating marine culture tail water based on urechis unicinctus, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: tail water caching treatment; s2: carrying out precipitation and filtration treatment; s3: biological purification treatment: putting and culturing urechis unicinctus in the purification tanks of the biological purification group tanks, determining the sequence of the supernatant of the tail water flowing into the purification tanks of the biological purification group tanks according to the seeding characteristics of the urechis unicinctus and the water purification capacity of the growth stage, and purifying the tail water; s4: tail water disinfection and reuse: and after the set time of purification, when the water quality discharge standard is reached, discharging the purified aquaculture tail water into a tail water disinfection tank for tail water disinfection, and discharging the disinfected tail water into a clear water storage tank for recycling of the mariculture tank. The method can not only ecologically treat the breeding tail water, but also utilize the tail water resource, and simultaneously breed the urechis unicinctus to generate the tail water treatment mode with the economic added value.

Description

A method for purification and treatment of mariculture tail water based on the single-ring spinyweed

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture tail water treatment, and relates to a method for purifying seawater aquaculture tail water based on the single-ringed weed.

Background technique

my country is a big aquaculture country in the world, and mariculture is an important economic activity in coastal areas. Along with aquaculture production, a large amount of residual bait, feces and aquatic animal metabolites are enriched in the tail water, resulting in various eutrophication and other pollutants. Such as suspended particulate matter, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, residual antibiotics, etc. These pollutants are discharged into the environment with the tail water, which will increase the nutrient load in the adjacent waters and deteriorate the depositional environment. It is considered to be one of the main factors of sea pollution.

At present, domestic aquaculture tailwater treatment technologies mainly focus on the treatment and resource utilization of freshwater aquaculture tailwater, including artificial wetlands, "fish-vegetable" symbiotic systems, rice and fish breeding, and pond ecological treatment. Compared with freshwater aquaculture tail water treatment technology, mature mariculture tail water treatment technology is relatively limited. There are relatively few studies on the treatment of mariculture tail water. There have been reports that various natural wetlands such as mangroves, artificial wetland systems, shellfish-algae ecological ponds, and simple sedimentation tanks are used to treat mariculture tail water. The land area is large, the processing efficiency is limited, and it is unstable with seasonal changes. Urechis unicinctus is a common benthos in the intertidal zone and subtidal zone along the coast of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in China. It is commonly known as sea intestine and sea intestine. Stressed and cave-dwelling, it is a filter-feeding and slag-feeding animal. It has no selectivity for food particles and has the characteristics of continuous feeding. The single-ringed weed is delicious, nutritious, and has high economic value. Its unique feeding habits can be used Tail water treatment based on biological characteristics can not only treat the tail water ecologically, but also make use of the tail water resources.

The following patent documents related to the present application are found by searching, and the specific disclosure content is as follows:

1. A seawater pond cultivation tail water treatment system (CN211770859U), comprising successively connected culture ponds, tail water centralized discharge ponds, ecological ditches, settling ponds, aeration ponds and biological purification ponds. The seawater pond culture tail water treatment system described in the utility model can freely choose the timing of treating the tail water of the culture pond and the culture waste according to the culture cycle of different culture ponds. After being processed by the system described in the utility model, the nitrogen in the culture tail water can be greatly reduced Reduce the content of phosphorus and other substances, reduce the impact of aquaculture tail water on the water quality of coastal waters, and effectively protect the ecological environment of coastal waters.

2. A method and system for treating aquaculture tail water (CN110845088A), which is used to treat harmful aquaculture tail water. The method includes the steps of: separating the aquaculture tail water into a supernatant and a concentrate through precipitation; The flocculant is added to form the concentrated liquid into a floc, and then compressed into a mud cake by a sludge compression mechanism; the supernatant is further separated from the solid and liquid to remove the solid in the supernatant; the supernatant after the solid is removed is Transformation and degradation of ammonia nitrogen and dissolved organic matter, and sterilize, inject ozone into the sterilized supernatant, and remove residual ozone after a preset time, so that the supernatant becomes a harmless liquid . The invention also provides a breeding tail water treatment system, which treats the farming tail water and avoids direct discharge to pollute the environment.

3. Aquaculture tail water treatment system (CN204707771U), which includes a tail water collection well for collecting tail water discharged from each culture pond, a sedimentation tank with solid-liquid separation function, and capable of removing harmful organic and inorganic substances floating in the water. The ecological pool of the living things, the tail water collection well communicates with the sedimentation tank through the first channel, and the sedimentation tank communicates with the ecological pool through the second channel.

Through the comparison of technical features, the technical means adopted by the above-mentioned published patent documents are different from the technical structure of the present invention, which will not affect the creativity and novelty of the application of the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a method for purifying the tail water of marine aquaculture based on the single-ring echinacea, which can not only ecologically treat the tail water of the culture, but also utilize the tail water resources. At the same time, the tail water treatment mode of economic added value is generated, and the method is ecological and environment-friendly, has low cost, and is suitable for popularization and application.

The present invention solves its technical problem and realizes by taking the following technical solutions:

A method for purifying and treating seawater aquaculture tail water based on the single-ringed echinacea, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:

S1: Tail water buffer treatment: inject the tail water from the breeding into the tail water buffer pool; the tail water from the daily sewage discharge of the breeding base enters the tail water buffer pool through the sewage pipe in the pool;

S2: Sediment filtration treatment: After the tail water is buffered and pooled, it is pumped into the sedimentation filter tank through the sewage suction pump; after sedimentation and filtration, most of the residual bait and feces are filtered out, and the tail water supernatant flows into the biological purification pool, and the residual bait and feces are filtered out. All are intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and muddy sludge will be produced at the bottom, which can be squeezed into semi-solid matter and reserved as fermented fertilizer for subsequent use;

S3: Biological purification treatment: Throwing and cultivating Echinococcus in the purification pool of the biological purification group pool, according to the sowing characteristics of the purifying biological Echinococcus and the water purification ability of the growth stage of the C. The tail water supernatant in the pool flows into the purification tanks in each group of biological purification group pools to carry out tail water purification treatment;

S4: Disinfection and reuse of tail water: after the purification set time, when the water quality discharge standard is reached, the purified aquaculture tail water is discharged to the tail water disinfection tank for tail water disinfection, and the sterilized tail water is discharged into clean water for storage pool for recycling in seawater aquaculture pools.

Moreover, the sowing characteristics of the purified biological Echinacea monoringum are that there is no wind in spring and autumn, and the seedlings of Echinacea monoringum are put in in spring, and the growth cycle is 10 months; 6 months.

Moreover, the growth stages of the C. monoringensis include the seedling stage, the growth stage and the mature stage, and the water purification capacity from high to low is respectively the C. A single-ringed weeter in the seedling stage.

Moreover, the S3 biological purification treatment specifically includes the following content,

S3-1. Sowing method:

The biological purification group pool is divided into three purification pools, including the purification pool of A area, the purification pool of B area and the purification pool of C area; the circular regional purification pool is used to sow single-ring thorns at the bottom of the purification pool; the spring sowing is in the purification pool of area A and area B In the purification pool, sow in the purification pool of C area in autumn, and put in the seedlings of the single-ringed weed in a cycle according to the order of the two seasons;

S3-2. Tail water purification treatment sequence at different stages:

Initial stage: the period from the first sowing of C. unifolia seedlings in spring to the first sowing of C. chinensis seedlings in autumn, using the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B for purification treatment, specifically when the seedlings of C. Sow a batch of single-ringed weed seedlings at the bottom of the purification tank in area A and the purification tank in area B. After sowing, start the water pumps on the connecting pipes between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tank in area A and the purification tank in area B respectively, and the sedimentation filter tank The tail water supernatant in the water is pumped into the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B for purification treatment;

The middle section: for the period before the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis are sown to the purification pools of Area A and the purification pools of Area B at the beginning of autumn, before they are matured and collected, the purification pools of Area A and Area B are used for primary purification, and then C The sequence of secondary purification in the purification pool in the area; specifically, when sowing the seedlings of the single-ringed weed at the beginning of autumn, sow a batch of seedlings of the single-ringed weed at the bottom of the purification pool in area C; at this time, the single The ringworm is in the growth stage, and the single ringworm in the purification pool of the A area and the purification pool of the B area maintains the water purification treatment state; The water pump realizes that the water in the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B is injected into the purification pool of area C for secondary purification;

Stable period: Including the period before re-sowing of C. singulata seedlings in spring to the time before the collection of C. singulae in the purification pool of area C, after the collection of C. singulae in the purification tank of area C is mature and collected to before the re-sowing of C. singulae seedlings in autumn time period and the period before re-sowing the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis to the decontamination pool of A district and the decontamination pond of B district in autumn to be mature and collected;

Among them, in the spring, the seedlings of the single-ringed weeds are re-sown to the purification pool of the C area. The time before the collection of the single-ringed weeds to be mature, the purification pool of the C area is firstly purified, and then the purification pool of the A area and the purification pool of the B area are used for secondary purification. The sequence; specifically when re-sowing the single-ringed weed seedlings in spring, sow a batch of single-ringed weed seedlings at the bottom of the purification ponds in the A district and the B district purification ponds. Turn on the water pump on the connecting pipe between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tank in area C, pump the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank into the purification tank in area C, and start the connecting pipes between the purification pool in area C, the purification pool in area A, and the purification pool in area B The water pump on the top pumps the water in the purification pool in area C into the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B for secondary purification;

From the period before the seedlings of C. monoringensis in the purification pool of area C are matured and collected to the autumn re-seeding of C. monoringensis seedlings, the purification tanks in area A and area B are used for purification treatment; specifically, the purification of C. monocircleum in the purification pool in area C is mature. After collection, start the water pump on the connection pipe between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tanks in Area A and Area B, and pump the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank into the purification pool in Area A and the purification pool in Area B for purification treatment;

In autumn, the seedlings of C. chinensis are sown to the purification pools of area A and area B. Before the collection of s. The sequence of the secondary purification; specifically, when re-sowing the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis in autumn, sow a batch of Echinococcus monoringensis seedlings at the bottom of the purification pool in Area C; During the growth period, the single-ring thorns in the purification pools of area A and area B maintain the state of water purification treatment; then start the water pumps set on the connection pipes between the purification pools of area A and area B and the purification pools of area C to realize A The water in the purification pool in area B and the purification pool in area B is poured into the purification pool in area C for secondary purification; until the single-ringed thorns in the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B are purified before being matured and collected in area A and area B The first stage of purification in the pool, and then the sequence of secondary purification in the purification pool in area C.

Moreover, the density of the seedlings of C. monoringensis in the spring is 2 times that of the seedlings of C. monocircleum in autumn.

Moreover, the cultivation requirements of the single-ringed weeter include that the bottom of the purification pond is a sediment bottom, and the purification pond needs to be disinfected before sowing. During the entire breeding period, no bait feeding is required, and no manual management is required. Just collect it.

Moreover, the purification pool needs to be disinfected before sowing. The specific steps are:

Step a: discharge the fresh water into the purification tank, stir, clean the sediment in the purification tank, and then discharge the fresh water;

Step b: discharge the potassium permanganate solution into the purification tank to disinfect the sediment, and discharge the waste liquid after disinfection;

Step c: Drain into the fresh water immersion purification tank, soak for a period of time to discharge the waste fresh water, and then pass into the seawater of the clean water storage tank for immersion, after immersion, discharge the soaked seawater into the tail water buffer pool.

Moreover, the collection of the single-ringed weed is to utilize an air cylinder type single-ringed weed collector for manual collection.

A mariculture tail water purification and treatment system based on single-ring spinyweed, including a tail water buffer tank, a sedimentation filter tank, a biological purification group tank, a tail water disinfection tank, a clean water storage tank, a tail water pipe and a tail water buffer in the mariculture tank One side of the pool is connected, and the tail water buffer pool is connected with the sedimentation filter tank through the sewage suction pump. The drainage end of the sedimentation filter tank is connected with at least one group of biological purification group pools. The water injection end of the disinfection tank is connected, the discharge end of the tail water disinfection tank is connected with the water inlet end of the clean water storage tank, and the return water end of the clean water storage tank is connected with the water inlet end of the mariculture tank.

Moreover, each group of biological purification pools includes three purification areas with the same structure, which are A purification area, B purification area, and C purification area. Each purification area includes a purification pool, a fresh water storage pool, and a potassium permanganate solution storage pool. and a waste fresh water recovery pool; the purification pool is used to purify water for cultivating Echinococcus monoringensis, the fresh water storage pool is used to store fresh water, and the waste fresh water recovery pool is used to recycle waste fresh water after soaking in sediment, The potassium permanganate solution storage tank is used to match the pool body of a certain disinfection liquid, and one side of the purification tank is connected to the fresh water storage tank, the potassium permanganate solution storage tank and the waste fresh water recovery tank through a two-way water pump; and The purification pools in A purification area, B purification area and C purification area are respectively A area purification pool, B area purification pool and C area purification pool, and both A area purification pool and B area purification pool pass through the purification pool in Area C The connecting pipes of the two-way pumps are connected, and the three purification tanks are also connected to the drainage end of the sedimentation filter tank through the connecting pipes connected to the pumps; and each purification tank is also connected to the clear water storage tank and the tail water buffer tank tube connection.

Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:

The method and system for purifying and treating tail water of mariculture based on the single-ringed weed provided by the present invention can not only purify the aquaculture tail water, but also obtain the single-ringed weed. There is no need for baiting during the entire breeding process of the single-ringed weeter, which is a real "zero baiting".

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the marine aquaculture tail water purification treatment system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention.

A mariculture tail water purification and treatment system based on single-ring spinyweed, including a tail water buffer tank, a sedimentation filter tank, a biological purification group tank, a tail water disinfection tank, a clean water storage tank, a tail water pipe and a tail water buffer in the mariculture tank One side of the pool is connected, and the tail water buffer pool is connected with the sedimentation filter tank through the sewage suction pump. The drainage end of the sedimentation filter tank is connected with at least one group of biological purification group pools. The water injection end of the disinfection tank is connected, the discharge end of the tail water disinfection tank is connected with the water inlet end of the clean water storage tank, and the return water end of the clean water storage tank is connected with the water inlet end of the sea culture pond;

Each group of biological purification pools includes three purification areas with the same structure, which are A purification area, B purification area and C purification area. Each purification area includes a purification pool, a fresh water storage pool, a potassium permanganate solution storage pool and a waste Fresh water recovery pool; one side of the purification pool is connected to the fresh water storage tank, potassium permanganate solution storage tank and waste fresh water recovery tank through a two-way water pump; and the purification pools in the A purification area, B purification area and C purification area are respectively The purification pool in area A, the purification pool in area B and the purification pool in area C, and the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B are connected with the purification pool in area C through the connecting pipe of the two-way pump set, and the three purification pools are connected by the water pump The connection pipe of each is connected with the drainage end of the sedimentation filter tank; each purification tank is also connected with the clear water storage tank and the tail water buffer tank;

The purification pool is used for cultivating the single-ringed weed for water purification; when it is necessary to sow the thorn weed seedlings in the culture pool, the sediment in the purification pool needs to be sterilized, and the fresh water storage tank is used to store fresh water, and the fresh water storage tank The water is discharged into the purification tank and stirred, and the sediment in the purification tank is cleaned. The waste fresh water recovery tank is used to recycle the waste fresh water after soaking the sediment, and the potassium permanganate solution storage tank is used for a certain ratio. The tank body of the disinfection liquid is used to discharge the potassium permanganate solution storage tank into the purification tank to disinfect the sediment. After disinfection, the waste liquid is pumped back to the potassium permanganate solution storage tank, and then the fresh water is stored The water in the pond is discharged into the fresh water of the culture pond for immersion, soaked for a period of time to discharge the waste fresh water, and then passed into the seawater of the clean water storage pond for immersion, and after immersion, the soaked seawater is discharged into the tail water buffer pool;

In the specific implementation of the present invention, the cross section of the bottom structure of the sedimentation filter tank is a stepped long gentle slope structure.

The present embodiment also includes a method for purifying seawater aquaculture tail water based on the single-ring thorn, comprising the following steps:

S1: Tail water buffer treatment: inject the tail water from the breeding into the tail water buffer pool; the tail water from the daily sewage discharge of the breeding base enters the tail water buffer pool through the sewage pipe in the pool, which can ensure that the water intake of the subsequent processing units is relatively stable;

S2: Sedimentation filtration treatment: Tail water is pumped into the sedimentation filter tank through the sewage suction pump after being buffered and collected; the sedimentation filter tank is 2 acres, and a long gentle slope is set up for sedimentation filtration. After removing most of the residual bait and feces, the supernatant of the tail water flows into the biological purification pool, and the residual bait and feces are all intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and muddy sludge will be produced at the bottom, which can be squeezed into semi-solid matter and used as fermented fertilizer Subsequent use;

S3: Biological purification treatment: Throwing and cultivating Echinococcus in the purification pool of the biological purification group pool, according to the sowing characteristics of the purifying biological Echinococcus and the water purification ability of the growth stage of the C. The tail water supernatant in the pool flows into the purification tanks in each group of biological purification group pools to carry out tail water purification treatment;

Sowing properties of Purifying Biological Echinacea monoringus:

The purifying organisms are selected from the single-ringed cricket; the single-ringed cricket is a wide-temperature, wide-halt organism, and it lives in caves. The bottom sow has a small range of activities after the biological purification tank, and it will automatically dig holes. The depth of the hole is greater than 10 times the body length. Except during the breeding season, the single-ringed weeter does not come out of the burrow. The single-ringed weed belongs to the temperature-changing animal. The adult weetler can tolerate a high temperature limit of 32.5°C, a low temperature limit of -4°C, and a suitable temperature range of 8°C-26°C. The high temperature tolerance of juveniles decreased, and water temperature exceeding 31.6°C could lead to death. C. monoringensis lives normally in seawater with dissolved oxygen higher than 1.14mg/L, can tolerate low dissolved oxygen of 0.34-0.45mg/L for more than 46h, and has strong tolerance to low dissolved oxygen. The range of salinity is wide, and it can live normally at salinity 15-36, and the suitable salinity is 24.94-35.77.

After the breeding tail water is sedimented and filtered, the conditions are suitable for the growth and survival of C. monoringensis; and the sowing characteristics of C. monoringensis are sowing in spring and autumn. 0.5-1.5g, the body weight of the single-ringed weed seedlings sown in autumn is about 3-5g;

The growth stages of C. monocircleum include seedling stage, growth period and maturity stage, and the determination basis of the growth period is the quality of C. monocycle. The quality range of the seedling stage is 0.5g-5g, and the quality range of the growth stage is For: 5g-20g; mass range at maturity: 20g-28g;

Determination of the water purification capacity of C. monoringensis in different growth stages:

Firstly, the tail water purification experiment was carried out on the single-ringed weed in different growth stages, and each stage was set into three groups for comparison, including group 1, group 2 and empty group, of which groups 1 and 2 were single-ringed culture ponds , the empty group was the temporary storage pond for aquaculture tail water, and the number of single-ringed thorns in the single-ringed thorn culture ponds of groups 1 and 2 were the same; the empty group did not set single-ringed thorns. During the breeding experiment, the breeding conditions were the same, the three groups of experimental pools were kept continuously inflated, and no feeding was carried out; water samples were taken at 9:00 a.m. every other day, and the water samples were taken continuously for 6 times, and then the hydration index was tested. The test indicators included Chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, active phosphate, etc.; the specific test results are as follows:

1) For C. monoringensis in the seedling stage, the quality of C. monoringensis participating in the tail water purification experiment is 0.4g-1g (for seedlings sown in spring); the water treatment conditions are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1: Table of water quality treatment of C. monoringensis at the seedling stage

It can be clearly seen from the experimental data in Table 1 that the COD index has a clear downward trend in groups 1 and 2. After 8 days of treatment, the COD index of groups 1 and 2 dropped to between 3-4mg/L, which reached the national third-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard), but did not reach the national second-class standard. COD reflects the degree of water pollution by reducing substances, which include organic matter, nitrite, ferrous salt, sulfide, etc., but the amount of inorganic reducing substances in general water and wastewater is relatively small, while being polluted by organic matter is Very common, so COD can be used as a comprehensive indicator of the relative content of organic matter. The decrease of the COD index indicated that the young weltus monoringensis had a certain effect on the purification of tail water.

It can also be seen from the above experimental data that after 12 days of treatment, the inorganic nitrogen index of groups 1 and 2 dropped to between 0.2-0.3mg/L, and the index of non-ionic ammonia (calculated as N) also dropped to 0.02mg/L Below, all reached the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB3097-1997 sea water quality standard), and the content of TN in groups 1 and 2 also showed an obvious downward trend, indicating that the larvae of S. monoringensis have a certain absorption effect on N elements.

After 10 days of purification treatment, the active phosphate index of groups 1 and 2 also dropped to between 0.015-0.03mg/L, reaching the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard), indicating that the single ring thorn The juvenile weeter also has a certain absorption effect on P element; based on the above data, it can be seen that the biological purification treatment cycle of the young wettle is 10-12 days.

2) in the growth stage of the unicircle, the quality of the 8g-10g is carried out in water purification treatment; the water treatment situation is shown in Table 2 below;

Table 2: Table of water quality treatment of C. monoringensis in growth period

From the above experimental data, it can be clearly seen that the COD index has a clear downward trend in groups 1 and 2, and tends to be stable after 10 days, indicating that the treatment level of C. a level of After 10-12 days of treatment, the COD index of groups 1 and 2 reached the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard). The COD treatment ability of the growing period of C. monocircleum was obviously stronger than that of the juvenile C. monoclaque.

It can also be seen from the above experimental data that after 10 days of treatment, the indicators of inorganic nitrogen and non-ionic ammonia (calculated as N) in groups 1 and 2 all reached the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard) At the same time, the content of TN in groups 1 and 2 also had an obvious decreasing trend, which indicated that the growth period of C. monocircleum had a certain absorption effect on N element, and the absorption was faster than that of young C. monocycle.

The active phosphate index of groups 1 and 2 also dropped to 0.015-0.03 mg/L after 8 days of purification treatment, reaching the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard), indicating that the growth period The juvenile C. monoringensis also has a certain absorption effect on P element, and the absorption is faster than that of C. monoringensis at the seedling stage.

Based on the above data, it can be seen that the biological purification treatment period of C. monoringensis in the growth stage is 8-10 days. ;

3) Echinacea monoringensis in the mature stage, the quality of Echinacea monocircleum is 20g-23g; the water treatment situation is as shown in Table 3 below;

Table 3: Table of water quality treatment of C. monoringensis in the mature stage

From the experimental data in Table 3, it can be seen that the TN index of the COD index in groups 1 and 2 also rose slightly after the early decline, and gradually decreased after four days, while the TN index of the empty group was in a relatively stable state. It shows that the effect of purifying the tail water in the mature period is not obvious in the early stage, but after 4-6 days, the purification effect is very obvious, especially the absorption of N, which is obviously stronger than that of the juveniles.

From the above experimental data, it can be clearly seen that the COD index in groups 1 and 2 will have a downward trend in the early stage and an upward trend. From the sixth day onwards, the COD index in groups 1 and 2 began to decrease significantly, while the COD index in the empty group began to decrease. continuously rising. After 12 days of treatment, the COD index of groups 1 and 2 reached the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard).

It can also be seen from the above experimental data that after 10 days of treatment, the inorganic nitrogen indicators of groups 1 and 2 dropped to the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard); the non-ionic ammonia (calculated as N) index On the 12th day, it fell to the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB 3097-1997 sea water quality standard), and the content of TN in groups 1 and 2 also showed a downward trend, indicating that the mature stage of Echinococcus monoringensis has a certain absorption of N element The effect, and the absorption is faster than that of the larvae, but slightly worse than that of the growth stage.

The active phosphate index of groups 1 and 2 also reached the national second-class sea water quality standard (GB3097-1997 sea water quality standard) after 8 days of purification treatment.

Based on the above data, it can be seen that the biological purification treatment cycle of the larvae of the single-ringed wettle is 8-10 days.

According to the experimental data after the water purification treatment of C. monoringensis in different growth stages, it can be concluded that C. monoringensis can purify the tail water of aquaculture no matter which growth stage it is in. C. monoringensis can significantly reduce the inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen, non-ion ammonia and COD in the tail water of aquaculture.

After a comprehensive comparison, it was found that the water purification ability of C. monoringensis from high to low is the growth stage, mature stage, and seedling stage. There is an urgent need for water in the country, and the purification effect of C. monoringensis in the growth stage cannot meet the water standard. You can let the C. monocircleum in the mature stage and the C. monocircleum in the seedling stage participate in the purification in turn; the purification sequence is C. Participate in decontamination first, followed by the mature and seedling C. monoring;

S3-1. Sowing method:

Set up at least one group of biological purification pools, which are divided into three purification pools, including purification pools in area A, area B, and area C; use circular regional purification pools to sow single-ring thorns; spring Sow in the purification pools of Area A and Area B, and in the purification pool of Area C in autumn, and put in the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis in a cycle according to the order of the two seasons;

S3-2. Tail water purification treatment sequence at different stages:

The initial stage: when the seedlings of C. chinensis are sown for the first time in spring, a batch of C. chinensis seedlings are sown at the bottom of the purification pools in Area A and Area B. After sowing, start the sedimentation filter tank and the purification pools in Area A and Area B respectively. The water pump on the connection pipe of the purification tank pumps the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank into the purification tank of area A and the purification pool of area B for circular purification treatment until the autumn sowing of single-ringed weeds keeps the water purification treatment in the above two areas state;

The middle section: when sowing the seedlings of C. monoringensis at the beginning of autumn, sow a batch of C. monoringensis seedlings at the bottom of the purification pool in area C; The single ring thorn in the purification pool and the purification pool in area B maintains the state of water purification treatment; then start the water pump set on the connecting pipe between the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B and the purification pool in area C to realize the purification of area A and B The water in the purification pool in area C is poured into the purification pool in area C for secondary purification. Under the primary purification effect of the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B, the water quality entering the purification pool in area C is improved, and it is suitable for the cultivation of seedlings in the purification pool in area C. At the same time, the secondary purification greatly improves the purification efficiency; until the single-ring thorn in the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B is kept at the first level of the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B before being matured and collected Purify, and then carry out the sequence of secondary purification in the purification pool in C area;

Stable period: when re-sowing the seedlings of the single-ringed weed in spring, the purification pools of area A and area B are in the state of waiting for sowing. When the single-ring thorn in the purification tank of area C is in the mature stage, the water pump on the connecting pipe between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tank of area C is turned on, and the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank is pumped into the purification tank of area C, and starts at the same time The water pump on the connecting pipe between the purification pool in area C, the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B pumps the water in the purification pool in area C into the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B for secondary purification. Under the initial purification effect of the mature C. monoringensis, the water quality entering the purification pools in Area A and the purification pools in Area B is improved, providing guarantee for the cultivation of E. monoringensis in the seedling stage in the purification pools in Area A and Area B; at the same time The secondary purification greatly improves the purification efficiency; until the single-ring thorn in the purification pool of area C is mature and collected, the first-level purification of the purification pool of area C is maintained, and then the order of secondary purification is carried out in the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B; The single ring thorn in the purification tank of C area is maturely collected, and the water pump on the connecting pipe between the sedimentation filter tank, the purification tank of A area and the purification tank of B area is started, and the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank is pumped into the purification tank of A area and The purification pool in area B is subjected to circular purification treatment until the water purification treatment status of the above two districts is maintained until the re-sowing of Echinococcus chinensis in autumn; Sow a batch of Echinococcus spp. seedlings at the bottom of the purification pool in the area; at this time, the C. chinensis seedlings in the purification pools of Area A and B are in the growth stage, and the P. annulus in the purification pools of A and B areas maintain water purification Treatment status; then start the water pumps on the connection pipes between the purification pools in Area A and Area B and the purification pools in Area C, so that the water in the purification pools in Area A and Area B will flow into the purification pool in Area C for secondary purification , under the primary purification of the purification pools in area A and area B, the water quality entering the purification pool in area C is improved, which provides guarantee for the cultivation of the single-ringed weed at the seedling stage in the purification pool in area C; at the same time, the secondary purification greatly improves the Purification efficiency; until the single ring thorns in the purification pools of area A and area B are collected until they are mature, the order of first-level purification in the purification pools of area A and area B should be maintained, and then the order of secondary purification should be carried out in the purification pools of area C.

Among them, the stocking density of the single-ringed weed: the regular stocking density of spring seedlings is 100,000/mu, and the regular stocking density of autumn seedlings is 50,000/mu, and the stocking density and stocking area are adjusted according to the water situation; generally, spring seedlings are stocked The density is twice the seedling density in autumn; within the normal range of stocking density, the greater the stocking density, the better the effect of biological purification. Taking 50,000 seedlings per mu as an example, the purification effect can generally be achieved after one week of planting.

The cultivation requirements of the single-ringed weeter include that the bottom of the purification pond is a sandy bottom, and the purification tank needs to be disinfected before sowing. During the entire breeding period, no bait feeding is required, and no manual management is required. After maturity, the single-ringed weed is collected. Can.

Before the sowing of C. monoringensis in the biological purification treatment, it is necessary to sterilize the sowing clean water pool. The specific steps are:

Step a: discharge the fresh water into the purification tank, stir, clean the sediment in the purification tank, and then discharge the fresh water;

Step b: discharge the potassium permanganate solution into the purification tank to disinfect the sediment, and discharge the waste liquid after disinfection;

Step c: discharge into the fresh water immersion purification tank, soak for a period of time to discharge the waste fresh water, then pass into the sea water of the clean water storage tank for immersion, and discharge the soaked sea water into the tail water buffer pool after immersion;

And harvesting the single-ringed weed is to utilize a kind of air cylinder type single-ringed weed collector to collect.

S4: Disinfection and reuse of tail water:

After the purification set time, when the water quality discharge standard is reached, discharge the purified aquaculture tail water to the tail water disinfection tank for tail water disinfection, and discharge the sterilized tail water into the clean water storage tank for breeding seawater fish and shrimp Seawater fish and shrimp breeding ponds are recycled.

In order to prove that the present invention has purifying effect and breeding benefit, carried out actual experiment:

(1) Seed selection and release

Seeds were purchased from a farm in Leting County, Hebei Province. Select 200,000 juvenile juveniles with healthy physique and neat specifications (the average weight is 1.5g after the water in the body is naturally drained from the water), and use plastic bags to add water, oxygenate, and place them in an incubator to cool down and transport. It was put into the 30 mu tailwater pond in early May. After the seedlings are planted in the pond, put the seedling bag into the water for 30 minutes. After the water temperature inside and outside the seedling bag is basically the same, open the plastic bag and slowly add pond water into the bag, and then spread it evenly in the tail water pond.

(2) Environmental conditions

The experimental site is a breeding base in Tianjin. The base has built 8 greenhouses for vannamei farming. The effective breeding water body is 9,000 cubic meters, and the heat source of the nearby power plant is used to achieve 3 crops throughout the year. The breeding time of the single-ringed weed is from the beginning of May to the beginning of January of the next year. During the breeding process, the water temperature is maintained between 10-30°C and the salinity is maintained at 15-35.

(3) Tail water treatment process

According to the characteristics of the tail water of the breeding base, the technological process of the tail water treatment of the farming base is formulated, which is mainly divided into three parts: the buffer treatment of the tail water, the sedimentation filtration treatment and the biological purification treatment. The water exchange volume is 40% every day. , to achieve zero emissions.

Tail water buffer treatment: The daily sewage tail water of the breeding base enters the 5-acre tail water buffer pool through the sewage pipe in the pool.

Sedimentation filtration treatment: 2 acres of sedimentation filtration tank, set up a long gentle slope for sedimentation filtration, after the tail water passes through the long slope from bottom to top, after sedimentation and filtration, after filtering out most of the residual bait and feces, the supernatant of the tail water flows into the biological purification tank , the residual bait and feces are all intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and muddy sludge will be produced at the bottom, which can be squeezed into semi-solid matter and reserved as fermented fertilizer for subsequent use.

Biological purification treatment: After sedimentation and filtration, the aquaculture tail water enters a 30-acre biological purification pond. The bottom of the bio-purification pool is sowed with C. chinensis (sea sausage) for biological purification treatment. C. c. singulae does not require bait feeding or manual management during the breeding period.

Sludge treatment: The sludge collected by water treatment is fermented and composted, used as fertilizer for artificial wetland plants, or after composting, natural air drying, artificial dehydration, etc., the water content is further controlled below 10%, and can be directly sent to garbage processing plant.

Tail water disinfection and reuse: After the purification set time, when the water quality discharge standard is reached, the purified aquaculture tail water is discharged to the tail water disinfection tank for tail water disinfection, and the sterilized tail water is discharged into the clean water storage tank. It is used for recycling seawater fish and shrimp breeding ponds.

(4) Analysis of tail water treatment effect

During the breeding process, the main water quality indicators before and after the treatment of the aquaculture tail water were continuously tested and randomly tested. The results of the water quality indicators when the density of shrimp culture in the greenhouse was the highest in early September are as follows. It can be seen that the technology of the aquaculture tail water treatment in this study can be achieve the treatment effect. In this experiment, 15,000 juveniles of large-scale Echinococcus monoringensis were put in per mu. After 8 months of breeding, the individual weight of Echinococcus monoringensis was about 20g, which reached the commercial standard and could be sold on the market. Large-scale single-ringed weed seedlings cost 0.6 yuan/piece, a total of 200,000 were introduced, the breeding cost was 120,000 yuan, and 200 catties of adult weeds were produced per mu of ponds. Based on the market price of 60 yuan/jin, the cumulative output was 360,000 yuan, and the profit 240,000 yuan, after deducting labor costs (harvest weed) and other expenses of 40,000 yuan, the net profit is 200,000 yuan.

Table 4 Main water quality indicators of aquaculture tail water (unit: mg/L)

The method and system for purifying and treating tail water of mariculture based on the single-ringed weed provided by the present invention can not only purify the aquaculture tail water, but also obtain the single-ringed weed. There is no need for baiting during the entire breeding process of the single-ringed weeter, which is a real "zero baiting".

Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can understand that various replacements, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to what is disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims (10)

1. a method for the purification and treatment of marine aquaculture tail water based on the single-ring echinacea, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: S1: Tail water buffer treatment: inject the tail water from the breeding into the tail water buffer pool; the tail water from the daily sewage discharge of the breeding base enters the tail water buffer pool through the sewage pipe in the pool; S2: Sediment filtration treatment: After the tail water is buffered and pooled, it is pumped into the sedimentation filter tank through the sewage suction pump; after sedimentation and filtration, most of the residual bait and feces are filtered out, and the tail water supernatant flows into the biological purification pool, and the residual bait and feces are filtered out. All are intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and muddy sludge will be produced at the bottom, which can be squeezed into semi-solid matter and reserved as fermented fertilizer for subsequent use; S3: Biological purification treatment: Throwing and cultivating Echinococcus in the purification pool of the biological purification group pool, according to the sowing characteristics of the purifying biological Echinococcus and the water purification ability of the growth stage of the C. The tail water supernatant in the pool flows into the purification tanks in each group of biological purification group pools to carry out tail water purification treatment; S4: Disinfection and reuse of tail water: after the purification set time, when the water quality discharge standard is reached, the purified aquaculture tail water is discharged to the tail water disinfection tank for tail water disinfection, and the sterilized tail water is discharged into clean water for storage pool for recycling in seawater aquaculture pools. 2. the seawater culture tail water purification treatment method based on C. monoringensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sowing characteristic of described purifying biological C. cingalis monocircleum is that there is no wind in spring and autumn, and in spring The seedlings of Echinacea monoringus are put in, and the growth cycle is 10 months; the seedlings of Echinacea monoringum are put in in autumn, and the growth cycle is 6 months. 3. the seawater culture tail water purification treatment method based on Echinacea monoringensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the growth stage of Echinacea monoringae comprises seedling stage, growth stage and maturity stage, and water purification capacity From high to low, they are the growing stage, the mature stage and the young seedling stage. 4. the seawater culture tail water purification treatment method based on the single-ring spinyweed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: said S3 biological purification treatment specifically includes the following content, S3-1. Sowing method: The biological purification group pool is divided into three purification pools, including the purification pool of A area, the purification pool of B area and the purification pool of C area; the circular regional purification pool is used to sow single-ring thorns at the bottom of the purification pool; the spring sowing is in the purification pool of area A and area B In the purification pool, sow in the purification pool of C area in autumn, and put in the seedlings of the single-ringed weed in a cycle according to the order of the two seasons; S3-2. Tail water purification treatment sequence at different stages: Initial stage: the period from the first sowing of C. unifolia seedlings in spring to the first sowing of C. chinensis seedlings in autumn, using the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B for purification treatment, specifically when the seedlings of C. Sow a batch of single-ringed weed seedlings at the bottom of the purification tank in area A and the purification tank in area B. After sowing, start the water pumps on the connecting pipes between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tank in area A and the purification tank in area B respectively, and the sedimentation filter tank The tail water supernatant in the water is pumped into the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B for purification treatment; The middle section: for the period before the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis are sown to the purification pools of Area A and the purification pools of Area B at the beginning of autumn, before they are matured and collected, the purification pools of Area A and Area B are used for primary purification, and then C The sequence of secondary purification in the purification pool in the area; specifically, when sowing the seedlings of the single-ringed weed at the beginning of autumn, sow a batch of seedlings of the single-ringed weed at the bottom of the purification pool in area C; at this time, the single The ringworm is in the growth stage, and the single ringworm in the purification pool of the A area and the purification pool of the B area maintains the water purification treatment state; The water pump realizes that the water in the purification pool of area A and the purification pool of area B is poured into the purification pool of area C for secondary purification; Stable period: Including the period before re-sowing of C. singulata seedlings in spring to the time before the collection of C. singulae in the purification pool of area C, after the collection of C. singulae in the purification tank of area C is mature and collected to before the re-sowing of C. singulae seedlings in autumn time period and the period before re-sowing the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis to the decontamination pool of A district and the decontamination pond of B district in autumn to be mature and collected; Among them, in the spring, the seedlings of the single-ringed weeds are re-sown to the purification pool of the C area. The time before the collection of the single-ringed weeds to be mature, the purification pool of the C area is firstly purified, and then the purification pool of the A area and the purification pool of the B area are used for secondary purification. The sequence; specifically when re-sowing the single-ringed weed seedlings in spring, sow a batch of single-ringed weed seedlings at the bottom of the purification ponds in the A district and the B district purification ponds. Turn on the water pump on the connecting pipe between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tank in area C, pump the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank into the purification tank in area C, and start the connecting pipes between the purification pool in area C, the purification pool in area A, and the purification pool in area B The water pump on the top pumps the water in the purification pool in area C into the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B for secondary purification; From the period before the seedlings of C. monoringensis in the purification pool of area C are matured and collected to the autumn re-seeding of C. monoringensis seedlings, the purification tanks in area A and area B are used for purification treatment; specifically, the purification of C. monocircleum in the purification pool in area C is mature. After collection, start the water pump on the connection pipe between the sedimentation filter tank and the purification tanks in Area A and Area B, and pump the tail water supernatant in the sedimentation filter tank into the purification pool in Area A and the purification pool in Area B for purification treatment; In autumn, the seedlings of C. chinensis are sown to the purification pools of area A and area B. Before the collection of s. The sequence of the secondary purification; specifically, when re-sowing the seedlings of Echinococcus monoringensis in autumn, sow a batch of Echinococcus monoringensis seedlings at the bottom of the purification pool in Area C; During the growth period, the single-ring thorns in the purification pools of area A and area B maintain the state of water purification treatment; then start the water pumps set on the connection pipes between the purification pools of area A and area B and the purification pools of area C to realize A The water in the purification pool in area B and the purification pool in area B is poured into the purification pool in area C for secondary purification; until the single-ringed thorns in the purification pool in area A and the purification pool in area B are purified before being matured and collected in area A and area B The first stage of purification in the pool, and then the sequence of secondary purification in the purification pool in area C. 5. according to claim 4 based on the method for purifying seawater aquaculture tail water of Echinacea monoringensis, it is characterized in that: the density of putting in Echinacea monoringle seedlings in the spring is 2 times of the density of Echinacea monocircleum seedlings putting in in autumn . 6. the seawater culture tail water purification treatment method based on the single-ringed cricket according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cultivation requirement of the single-ringed cricket includes that the bottom of the purification tank is a silt bottom, and the purification tank needs to be cleaned before sowing. Disinfection treatment, no bait feeding or manual management is required during the whole breeding period, and the single-ringed weed can be collected after maturity. 7. The method for purifying and treating tail water of marine culture based on the single-ringed weed according to claim 6, characterized in that: the purification pond needs to be disinfected before sowing, and the specific steps are: Step a: discharge the fresh water into the purification tank, stir, clean the sediment in the purification tank, and then discharge the fresh water; Step b: discharge the potassium permanganate solution into the purification tank to disinfect the sediment, and discharge the waste liquid after disinfection; Step c: Drain into the fresh water immersion purification tank, soak for a period of time to discharge the waste fresh water, and then pass into the seawater of the clean water storage tank for immersion, after immersion, discharge the soaked seawater into the tail water buffer pool. 8. the seawater culture tail water purification treatment method based on the single-ringed weed according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the collection of the single-ringed weed is to utilize a kind of gas cylinder type single-ringed weed collector to carry out manual collection . 9. A purification treatment system that realizes any one of claims 1-8 based on the seawater culture tail water purification treatment method based on the single-ring thorn, characterized in that: it includes a tail water buffer pool, a sedimentation filter tank, a biological purification group pool, tail water disinfection tank and clear water storage tank, the draft pipe of the mariculture tank is connected with one side of the tail water buffer pool, and the tail water buffer pool is connected with the sedimentation filter tank through the sewage suction pump, and the sedimentation filter tank The drain end is connected to at least one group of biological purification pools, the drain end of the biological purification pool is connected to the water injection end of the tail water disinfection tank, the drain end of the tail water disinfection tank is connected to the water inlet end of the clean water storage tank, and the clean water The water return end of the storage tank communicates with the water inlet end of the seawater culture pond. 10. the marine aquaculture tail water purification treatment system based on the single-ring echinacea according to claim 9, is characterized in that: Each group of biological purification pools includes three purification areas with the same structure, which are A purification area, B purification area and C purification area. Each purification area includes a purification pool, a fresh water storage pool, a potassium permanganate solution storage pool and a waste The fresh water recovery pool; the purification pool is used to purify the water of C. monoringensis, the fresh water storage pool is used to store fresh water, and the waste fresh water recovery pool is used to recycle the waste fresh water soaked in sediment. Potassium permanganate solution storage tank is used to match the pool body of a certain disinfection liquid, and one side of the purification tank is connected with fresh water storage tank, potassium permanganate solution storage tank and waste fresh water recovery tank through two-way water pump; and A purification The purification pools in area, B purification area and C purification area are respectively A area purification pool, B area purification pool and C area purification pool, and both the A area purification pool and B area purification pool are connected to the C area purification pool through the bidirectional pump The connecting pipes are connected, and the three purification tanks are also connected to the drainage end of the sedimentation filter tank through the connecting pipes connected with the pumps; and each purification tank is also connected with the clear water storage tank and the tail water buffer tank through the connecting pipes with the water pumps .

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