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CN1157745A - 导管针头的锁紧和导管套筒释放机构 - Google Patents

导管针头的锁紧和导管套筒释放机构 Download PDF

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CN1157745A
CN1157745A CN96110482A CN96110482A CN1157745A CN 1157745 A CN1157745 A CN 1157745A CN 96110482 A CN96110482 A CN 96110482A CN 96110482 A CN96110482 A CN 96110482A CN 1157745 A CN1157745 A CN 1157745A
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syringe needle
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CN1155416C (zh
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D·L·波格特
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • A61M25/0618—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard
    • A61M25/0625—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard with a permanent connection to the needle hub, e.g. a guiding rail, a locking mechanism or a guard advancement mechanism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • A61M25/0631—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for fully covering the needle after its withdrawal, e.g. needle being withdrawn inside the handle or a cover being advanced over the needle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3275—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel being connected to the needle hub or syringe by radially deflectable members, e.g. longitudinal slats, cords or bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3245—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3247—Means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from needle covering to needle uncovering position
    • A61M2005/325—Means obstructing the needle passage at distal end of a needle protection sleeve

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种导管针头的针尖保护器和一种安全机构，该机构通过自动导管针头的针尖保护结构为临床人员面对由用过的静脉(IV)针头可能造成的意外扎伤提供故障/救助保护，所说的保护结构在针头从病人体内取出时开始工作。

Description

导管针头的锁紧和导管套 筒释放机构
本发明总的涉及静脉导管插入装置，更特殊地，涉及一种导管针头的尖头保护器和一种安全机构，该机构通过自动导管针头的针尖保护结构为临床人员面对由用过的静脉(IV)针头可能造成的意外扎伤提供故障/救助保护，所述的保护结构在针头从病人体内取出时开始工作。
另外，本发明还涉及通常的自动针头的针头保护和导管套筒释放机构，该机构当针头从病人体内取出时能同时保护针头的针尖，且使导管保持在静脉穿刺的位置上，并且当针头的管道完全缩回时，释放装在导管套筒上的路厄氐(Luer)锁紧突缘，以便把针头的针尖置于完全保护状态。
按照本发明的进一步的实施例，还提供了一种装有系绳的导管释放机构，特别涉及使用袋或皮老虎的形式用于接纳针头插管的插管或针头保护装置，且该机构还装有一个辅助系统，该系统适合于防止插管结构的头部装置与插管分离并曝露后者以及在完全保护针头之前防止释放导管套筒。
使用具有用于刺穿病人皮肤的尖锐中空针头或插管的临床装置，特别是利用这种针头进行静脉穿刺的导管在医疗领域是众所周知的，并且医生和临床人员为了把液体或药物直接注入病人血流中而广泛地使用这种装置。此外，在外科手术或处置中，常常需要给正在经受这种外科手术的患者输全血和非经肠的液体。基本上，正如众所周知的且已经使用相当长时间的，这种将液体引入病人血管系统的方法需要利用中空刚性针头形成静脉穿刺，所述的针头具有用于液体连接的近端连接位置，该位置适合于使针头与静脉注入的液体的源互相连接。
通过静脉穿刺把液体引入患者的前述方法在这种医疗技术中已经遇到了把液体引入患者的某些颇为严重的问题。由此，已经提出的主要关心的是针头固有的刚性，后者通常是由外科级钢构成的，并且当插入病人的静脉时，为了安全起见，需要针头在整个液体给药或灌注期间通常在静脉穿刺处保持在固定位置上，由此，这种过程可想而知要花费相当长的时间。除上述之外，有时需要对病人定期地抽取血样和/或连续地施以静脉液体，由此，需要病人经受逐次的或多次的静脉穿刺，每次在特定的时间和人体的不同位置上给药，由于这种重复的，稍微疼痛的和使人不愉快的静脉穿刺，其结果是给病人带来外伤性的遭遇。
为了改进或者甚至消除上述问题，在医疗技术上，近年来已实施将低摩擦材料的软性管状导管，如硅橡胶或特氟隆(Teflon)，引入病人的静脉内，并且为了例如定期地给予液体(包括不经肠胃的液体，血液/血浆的输入，液体形式的药物，还有采集血样等)，需要使导管在较长时间内保持在该位置上。按照这种方式，前面所遇到的由重复的静脉穿刺所引起的外伤，渗血和渗流可以大大地避免，且也克服了刚性针头长期地留在体内给病人带来的危险和不舒服。由此，为了把这种软导管的远端定位在病人的体腔内(如静脉或血管内)，为了形成静脉穿刺，一般都使用插管或中空的锐利针尖的针头。此后，细长的、可滑动地同轴装在插管或中空的针头外周上，以便如套筒式绕其延伸的软导管在针头形成静脉穿刺后，沿针头长度进入静脉。然后，针头适当地从导管内拨出，而把导管留在病人体内静脉穿刺的位置上，并把针头适当地丢掉。
由于先前已经定位在病人体内的针头在形成静脉穿刺时已经暴露在感染受体中，例如，感染有人免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)的病人，这种病经常地或者实际上总是极端致命的，或者是其它危险的感染情况，如肝炎，因此存在着临界人员可能不小心或者偶然地用从病人身上取出的用过的针头刺伤或扎伤自已的危险或危害，最终有可能导致感染，甚至于死亡。
尽管许多已有技术的出版物公开了用于保护医生或临床人员避免由于从病人体内取出的针头扎伤自己而受到意外伤害所引起的危险的装置，但在生产这些装置时却遇到了困难，其中针头从病人体内的取出和导管与之的分离同时自动地起动防护针头的保护机构。而且，按照一个特殊的方面，也要求在把用过的插管或针头针尖部分收回到限定或防护区域中(借此可保证临床人员安全)的同时，还要将导管套筒从把针头装置装到导管上的锁紧机构上释放或脱开。
更特殊的，Mitchell的美国专利US-4,631,057中公开了一种适合于向前滑动以便保护临床人员在后续的处置时避免意外地接触皮下针头的尖端的防护管。然而，该文献所公开的机构与已有技术的情况相类似，只有在临床人员记住在完成注射之后把防护管推入其有效位置时才是有效的。该步骤被偶然忘记时，可想而知会对医生或临床人员造成伤害和致命的危险。
鉴于前面的观点，重要的在于提供一种安全机构，这种安全机构向给病人静脉穿刺给药的临床人员提供故障/安全保护；事实上，就操作装置的临床人员方面来讲并不要求任何有意识的预先考虑，这种机构在与导管保持连接直到针头被安全接纳的同时，将自动保护针头的尖端，以免在针头从病人体内取出的瞬间抛出并意外地扎伤临床人员。
Mc Donald的美国专利US-4、944,725公开的装有用于保护医务人员免受偶然扎伤的结构的静脉导管存在着这个问题，所述的扎伤会把潜在的危险的感染由病人身上转移到医务人员身上。导管借助中空的或插管结构的尖头针头引入病人体内，之后，所述的针头从病人体内取出进入保护装置，因而，在取出过程的任何时侯都不会暴露针头。然后在取出针头之后保护装置锁住就位，接着管状导管的套筒就地释放，由此，针头的取出和锁紧在同一连续动作中实施。
另一种适合于保护医务人员以免在针头或插管的尖端从病人体内取出后或取出的过程中扎伤医务人员的机构在Dombrowski等人的美国专利No.4,790,828中公开，其中，针头可穿过其延伸的头部或盖部借助环绕针头的可收缩的限定结构限定于腔室内。使用后，针头适当地缩回到一个类似于外壳的轴向上可膨胀的结构中，该结构的确能防止由于使用过的针头曝露的尖头或针尖刺伤或扎伤临床人员而造成的潜在危险。虽然，这提供了对现有的相对于免受针头扎伤的已有技术状态的改进，但是Dombrowski等人要求另件间摩擦连接，以便操作，这通常使装置的操作变得相当困难，并且实际上不完全可靠。
因此，提供一种在插管或针头的针尖保护器的构成上改进的和新颖的结构，特别是提供一种适合于在针头或插管从导管中取下时基本上同时使所保护的针头锁紧而使导管套筒释放的安全机构。导管释放机构的另一个实施例包括一个可延伸的限制线，该线用于限制针头的保护装置；在该装置中，针头保护机构在限制线伸展之前把导管套筒锁紧到保护机构上。插管通过导管套筒和具有用于接纳插管的中心孔的锁件延伸，以便把锁紧装置保持在导管套筒上的路厄氐锁紧凸缘(Luer lock lug)和针头保护腔的头部之间，插管可通过此腔向前延伸以便适合于插入病人的静脉。当针头或插管从病人体内取出时，例如围绕插管的软管能向前滑动，以便保持在病人穿刺静脉内的位置上，当插管从优选的塑料锁件上的孔中缩回时，后者按照其固有地加入的偏置或弹性作用以及它的结构，与导管套筒上的路厄氐凸缘分开，而且同时针头已经从其中缩回的孔横向位移，以便形成针对任何来自腔室的针头的针尖或插管的凸出部分的阻挡物。这种特殊的作用同时使腔室和围绕用过的针头或插管装置的保护结构分开，并由此脱离导管套筒。
按照本发明的另一个实施例，塑料的锁件可以借助所谓的“螺旋线”(fishline)限制到导管套筒上，且在其相反端限制到含皮老虎或折叠袋的腔室中，并且如上所述针头通过锁件延伸，由此，限制器的扩展在导管套筒上施加了一个非弹性的推力。
按照本发明的又一个实施例，薄的柔性袋可以形成复盖缩回的针头的伸展物，而后者可以通过成圈的柔性材料的中间部分限制到腔室和头部保护部分中。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种通过简单地起动锁件而同时将针头锁紧在缩回的保护位置上并释放导管套筒结构的新颖和独特的机构。
另一个目的在于提供一种所述类型的装置或机构，其中，锁件通过限制线(tethering line)的中间部分一端与腔室互连，而另一端与导管套筒互连，同时使导管套筒从腔室中释放下来并使用过的针头尖端响应限制线的伸展缩回到柔性袋或类似的保护部件内。
本发明的上述和其它目的和优点在上述说明的基础上结合附图作进一步的说明，附图有：
图1是按照本发明通过针头锁紧和导管套筒释放机构总的径向部分剖视图，表示上述机构处于第一锁紧和针头伸出位置；
图2是类似图1的且所示机构处于针头缩回、导管套筒释放状态的剖视图；
图3所示是图1中的机构的锁件的侧视图；
图4所示是图3的锁件的端视图；
图5所示是图3的锁件的顶视图；
图6是按照本发明的针头锁紧和导管套筒释放机构的第二个实施例的总的剖面图；表示机构处于互联锁紧状态；
图7表示图6的机构处于释放和针头缩回状态；
图8是导管保护限止装置的又一个实施例的总的径向视图；
图9是沿图8的9-9剖面线的图8的装置局部放大的剖视图；
图10和图11分别为图8的装置中所使用的限制结构的水平视图和侧视图；
图12是限制结构的一个改进实施例的总的纵向剖视图；
图13是图12的限制结构的端视图；以及
图14和图15分别表示按照本发明构成的导管和插管装置的限止和保护装置的改进实施例的两个操作位置。
现在参照图1至图5所示的实施例，来详细地说明本发明，特别是如图1所示，公开了一种针头锁紧和导管套筒释放机构10。针头或插管保护腔14的引导端或前端12包括一个含有袋或皮老虎18的室16，所示的袋或皮老虎处于折叠在一起或压缩状态。从腔14通过导向套20中心地并向前朝外延伸的是适合于在病人身上形成静脉穿刺的插管或中空针头22，其还穿过在按照本发明所构成的锁件26中形成的中心孔24。延伸的插管22然后穿过具有路厄氐锁紧凸缘结构30的导管套筒28，所述的导管套筒28环绕装在其内的头部32和衬垫34。插管或中空针头22的引导端(未示出)适合于引入病人的体内，用于进行静脉穿刺，以便通过围绕插管外表面(未示出)并沿插管外表面进入穿刺位置的导管(未示出)输送合适的液体。导管可以是一端接在导管套筒28上的柔性管状件，这种端接在技术上是众所周知的，当用插管或中空针头22的尖端形成静脉穿刺时，导管适合于朝病人滑入，而且针头或插管22适合于从导管中缩回到保护腔14内。
如图3至图5所示，用于针头锁紧和导管套筒释放机构的锁件26包括一个具有孔24的中心板部分36的杆形件，在另件锁紧的状态下插管22通过该孔插入前面的凸出物；而板部分36位于具有含T形结构38的板部分36的一个向前延伸端的斜面上。T形结构的一个臂40接触含有折叠的或压缩的袋或皮老虎的腔室14的前表面上的凸出接头装置42；而T形结构38的另一条臂44包括形成槽48的类似于钩的凸缘46，在该槽内它接触构成导管套筒28的整体部件的路厄氐锁紧机构的凸缘50，由此，使各个件如图1所示保持在互联的状态下。
当针头或插管22的尖头部分静脉穿刺插入病人体内并且柔性的管状导管向前滑入穿刺位置时，如图2所示，缩回插管22，而把导管留在该位置上。
当插管22通过用于导管套筒28的锁件26的板部分36内的中心孔24从导管中缩回时，T形结构的塑料的弹性或偏置作用使它在位置54处绕枢轴转动或者弯曲，由此使孔24向上偏移，而板部分36形成阻挡，以避免缩回的插管22的尖头伸到腔窒的头部防护部分之外。同时，板部36的弯曲作用使路厄氐凸缘50与T形件的相对的臂44中的槽48脱开，最终释放导管套筒28，且由此使插管件和带有缩回在其内的插管及装在其中的针头锁紧和导管套筒释放机构的保护腔14能取下，以便能将共同操作的路厄氐锁紧结构(未示出)连接到导管套筒28上，使不经肠的液体，血液或药物能通过静脉穿刺处的导管供给病人，所说的导管保持装在导管套筒28中。
包含如在附图3至5中所示的T形板件的机构10包括具有在其内形成的用于保留路厄氐锁紧凸缘50的槽48的唇形物58，以及用于贯穿插管22的通道的孔24的板件36的远端60包括一个弹簧片60，当由针头的尖头的取出引起释放时，它将避免板36整个地突然游离和脱落。这种结构实际上为插管22或针头提供了一种可靠的保护机构，并把导管套筒28可靠地保持在此，直到含T形件38的保护机构可靠地位于取出的插管22的尖头上之后为止。该机构同时释放导管套筒28并逐渐地覆盖用过的插入22的尖头，可以产生一个大声的“卡搭”声，以便提供插管免受外部接触和导管另部件由此分开的声指示。
制成机构10的零件可以由合适的塑料例如乙酰或类似物构成，并且当缩回的插管22的尖头穿过在机构的板形部分36内形成的插管孔24，同时保护缩回的插管并释放导管套筒28时实际上形成一个所谓的“触发器”。
参照附图6和附图7所示的实施例，其中与图1相同的零件以相同的标号标注；实际上用于从腔室14中释放导管套筒28的机构70也可以用塑料板形件72构成，该件在一端76上有带槽的钩形部分74，且其中塑料是弹性可变形的。钩形部分74通过穿过在标号80处装到件72上的凸缘82上以及在另一端装到装置的腔室14上的法兰84上的所谓的“限制线”或限制器78固室到路厄氏锁紧凸缘50上而与导管套筒互连。限制器78在针头伸出状态实际上处于松驰的螺旋位置，而当插管22缩回时，包括位于腔室14和护头之间的折叠袋或压缩的皮老虎86的插管保护器整个地展开，由此使插管针头的针尖在此处被取出，结果，伸展的“螺旋线”阻止器78使部件72变形或弯曲，从而将导管套筒28上的路厄氏锁紧凸缘50释放开(如图7所示)，使得导管套筒28从包括腔室14和机构78及72的插管组件上分离下来。用过的插管22被包含在展开的口袋或皮老虎内，并由此使医生或临床人员免受潜在的接触。
如图8至图10的实施例所示出的(该实施例稍稍类似于图6和图7的实施例)，一对薄的由一个单环件92组成环的两个腿的限制器90与腔室94和具有路厄氐锁紧凸缘的导管套筒互连。一个薄的柔性袋102安装到在腔室94和头部或保护件100之间延伸的件上，该袋在插管22收回时组成一个缩回的插管及其针头针尖的保护器。
由此，形成限制器的装置可以是一个薄壁结构(如图9所示的)，由于偏离中心轴的安装在操作时将防止零件之间的转动或扭转，因此它有效地阻止了头部保护件100相对于腔室94的转动，同时把前者牢固地固定到后者上。
如图10和图11所示，构成环92的两个腿的限制器90可以用模铸、拉伸和定向(Orienting)技术制造，以便生产更强有力的线性取向的塑料限制器。不同的塑料，包括聚烯烃类和尼龙类，都很容易地适用于这种特殊的模铸技术。
限制器适合于分别装到腔室94和头部/保护件100上，并在腔室的下方折叠成格层。
特别是如附图2所示，所示的限制器保持结构110连接到腔室内的压缩袋或管112上，这样证明限制器可以在血液室116之下的位置上面盘卷在一起，如在图13中所示出的。
按照图14和图15所示的实施例，它示出了对图12所示的结构稍微作了改进的结构，由此，在这种情况下，限制器120可以是具有在其中心形成的孔122的聚酯薄膜或薄膜条，以便能够形成贯穿插管22的通道，而后者通过针头的针尖保护器124和路厄氐锁紧机构126延伸，且在插管缩回时，使聚酯条由于针头的针尖保护器和腔室零件两者的作用朝插管偏斜，以便能靠在插管旁边，因为插管在缩回时使针尖保护器旋转。
正如所说明的，聚酯薄膜条的连接实质上是机械连接，如紧压配合，热粘结(heat staking)和其它标准的连接装置。特别是使用两条聚酯条还可以防止或者阻止针头针尖保护器相对于装置的腔室的扭转或转动。
如前所述，应该明白本发明是针对用于同时锁紧插管和释放导管套筒并且向缩回的插管提供保护的新颖和独特的机构。
本发明已经对优选的实施例作出了详细说明，当然，应该理解，各种不同的不脱离本发明精神的在形式上或细节上的改进和变换都是容易实现的。因此，本发明并不限于前述内容和细节，而是如所附的权利要求书所限定的本发明所公开的全部内容。

Claims (16)

1、一种用于导管插入装置的插管锁紧和导管套筒释放机构，包括：
(a)一个用于接纳插管针头的腔室，所述的插管针头从所述腔室的一端延伸，并适合于把导管送入病人体内；
(b)围绕部分从所述腔室伸出的插管针头的导管套筒支承结构；
(c)一个滑动地装在所述插管针头上的导管，所述导管包括连接在所述导管套筒支承结构上的导管套筒；
(d)在所述插管针头的延伸状态下用于将所述导管套筒锁在所述导管套筒支承结构上以及在所述插管针头缩回状态下用于释放所述导管套筒并且同时针对在暴露状态下的所述缩回的插管针头的针尖形成保护阻挡物的装置。
2、按以权利要求1所述的机构，其中所述锁紧装置包括一块穿过所述导管套筒支承结构中的开口延伸的板件，所述板件包括一个中心孔，由此，所述插管针头在延伸的操作状态下穿过所述孔，且在导管套筒锁紧的状态下把所述板件保持在所述导管套筒支承结构上。
3、按照权利要求1所述的机构，其中所述板件在一端上具有相对延伸的臂部分；一个所述臂部分铰结地连接到所述腔室上的接头上，而另一个所述端包括用于夹紧地连接所述导管套筒的装置。
4、按照权利要求1所述的机构，其中至少一部份所述板件是弹性可变形的，由此所述插管针头从所述中心孔抽出把框轴运动传给所述板件，导致在所述另一个臂端上的所述装置能与所述导管套筒脱开，以便使所述导管与所述装置分离。
5、按照权利要求1所述的机构，其中所述板件的框轴运动使中心孔相对于缩回的插管针头的轴偏置，以便针对与所述缩回的插管针头的外部接触形成一个保护阻挡物。
6、按以权利要求3所述的机构，其中在所述板件的所述另一个臂上的所述夹住装置包括一个槽和啮合在所述槽中的所述导管上的锁紧凸缘装置。
7、按照权利要求6所述的机构，其中所述锁紧凸缘装置包括路厄氏锁紧装置的零件。
8、按照权利要求2所述的机构，其中所述的板件由塑料制成。
9、按照权利要求1所述的机构，其中可沿伸的连接装置与所述导管套筒锁紧装置及所述腔室互连，由此，所述腔室从所述锁紧装置偏移使所述插管针头缩回并使所述连接装置延伸，以便使所述锁紧装置与所述导管套筒脱开。
10、按照权利要求9所述的机构，其中所述连接装置包括一个具有分别装在所述锁紧装置和所述腔室上的两个相对端的限制线。
11、按照权利要求9所述的机构，其中所述锁紧装置包括一个可弹性变形的板件，和一个在所述板件一端上的用于锁住地连接所述导管套筒上的锁紧凸缘装置的槽。
12、按照权利要求11所述的机构，其中所述连接装置的延伸使所述板件偏斜，以便使所述凸缘装置与所述槽脱开，并使所述导管套筒从所述装置上释放。
13、按照权利要求9所述的机构，其中当所述锁紧装置延伸时，一个袋或可折叠的皮老虎包围所述缩回的插管针头。
14、按照权利要求9所述的机构，其中一个头部护套被限制在所述腔室内；并且一个袋或可折叠的皮老虎在所述头部护套和所述腔室之间延伸，用于包围所述缩回的插管针头。
15、按照权利要求14所述的机构，其中一对平行延伸的条在所述头部护套和所述腔室之间形成一个限制器。
16、按照权利要求15所述的机构，其中所述的条是环形限制器一部分。
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DE69606091T2 (de) 2000-07-13
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RU2171120C2 (ru) 2001-07-27

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