Horizontal vortex three-separation powder separator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder separators, in particular to a horizontal vortex three-separation powder separator.
Background
The powder selecting machine is widely applied to powder sorting in the fields of building materials, foods, medical treatment, metallurgy, chemical industry and the like, a cage-shaped rotor formed by a plurality of blades is used as a core component of the powder selecting machine, negative pressure is formed in a powder selecting chamber through a fan, air enters the powder selecting machine from an air inlet and then is driven by the high-speed cage-shaped rotor to form rotary air flow, the air flow drag force borne by fine particles entering the powder selecting chamber from a feed inlet is larger than the centrifugal force, so that the fine particles move towards the center of the rotor through the rotor blades, the fine particles fall into a fine powder collector by utilizing the suction force of the fan, the centrifugal force borne by coarse particles is larger and move towards the outer side wall, the coarse particles fall into the coarse powder collector along the side wall under the action of gravity, and the separation of the coarse powder and the fine particles is realized.
In the existing powder selecting machine, in the process of selecting powder, two-separation powder selecting is usually carried out, namely coarse particle materials and fine particle materials in the materials are mutually separated, so that part of the particle materials enter the coarse particle materials, and part of the particle materials enter the fine particle materials. The rotor structure leads to the separation degree of materials, and has obvious influence on the separation of coarse materials, medium materials and fine materials.
Therefore, the existing powder concentrator structure still has a need to be improved, the rotor structure needs to be optimized and improved to restrict internal air flow, the loss of the rotor structure and an air flow pipeline is reduced, and the service life of the powder concentrator is prolonged. Therefore, a more reasonable technical scheme is required to be provided, and the technical problems in the prior art are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
At least to overcome the defects mentioned in the above, the invention provides a horizontal vortex three-separation powder concentrator, which is provided with an inner rotor structure and an outer rotor structure which are respectively corresponding to three separated discharging pipes, coarse, medium and fine powder materials are separated through airflow, and the fineness of the material separation is improved, so that the material separation efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the powder concentrator disclosed by the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
horizontal vortex three separation powder concentrator includes:
The powder selecting cavity is internally provided with an air guide structure for forming vortex, and a rotation space for placing a rotor structure is formed in the middle of the air guide structure; the upper part of the powder selecting cavity is provided with a feeding structure for feeding materials and a fine particle discharging pipe, the lower part of the powder selecting cavity is provided with a coarse particle discharging pipe and a medium particle discharging pipe, and the fine particle discharging pipe is communicated with a negative pressure fan so as to form negative pressure in the powder selecting cavity;
The rotor structure comprises an inner rotor body and an outer rotor body which are arranged in a rotation space and are in cage shape, an outer powder selecting gap is formed between the outer rotor body and the air guide structure, and an inner powder selecting gap is formed between the outer rotor body and the inner rotor body; the inner rotor body is internally provided with rotor blades which are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference, the rotor blades are used for scattering coarse particle materials and medium particle materials entering the inner rotor body to the outside of the rotor body, the fine particle discharging pipe is positioned above the inner rotor body and used for discharging fine particle materials in the inner rotor body, the coarse particle discharging pipe is positioned at the outer side of the outer rotor body and used for receiving and discharging coarse particle materials, and the medium particle discharging pipe is positioned below the outer rotor body and used for discharging medium particle materials;
The driving structure comprises a driving motor and a driving shaft, wherein the driving shaft is driven by the driving motor to rotate, and the driving shaft is connected with the rotor structure to be matched with the rotor structure and drive the inner rotor main body and the outer rotor main body to synchronously rotate.
The powder selecting machine disclosed by the invention is characterized in that coarse, medium and fine mixed materials are introduced into a powder selecting cavity through a feeding structure, fine particle materials in the negative-pressure powder selecting cavity are firstly sucked into an inner-layer rotor main body, the fine particle materials are subjected to the action force of air flow and a certain centrifugal force at the same time, but the action force of the air flow is larger than the action force of the centrifugal force, so that the fine particle materials enter a fine particle discharging pipe along with the air flow to form a finished product, part of coarse particle materials and medium particle materials entering the inner-layer rotor main body are thrown out from the inner-layer rotor main body rotating at a high speed and fall into the medium particle discharging pipe, and most of coarse particle materials and medium particle materials entering the inner-layer powder selecting cavity directly fall into the medium particle discharging pipe when entering the outer-layer powder selecting cavity, and similarly, most of coarse particle materials directly fall into the coarse particle discharging pipe when entering the outer-layer powder selecting cavity. Thus realizing the separation treatment of the coarse materials, the middle materials and the fine materials.
Furthermore, in order to improve the protection of the air duct structure and reduce the abrasion of the fine particle discharging pipe by materials carried in the air flow, the air flow is restrained to reduce the abrasion of the fine particle discharging pipe, optimization is carried out and one of the possible choices is given here, wherein an eddy current scattering structure is arranged in the rotor main body and is used for enabling the air flow in the rotor main body to be converted into vertical air flow from eddy current air flow and enter the fine particle discharging pipe. When the scheme is adopted, the air flow in the rotor main body is originally vortex, the air flow transversely flows in the rotor main body, a certain abrasion is caused after the vortex enters the fine particle discharging pipe, after the vortex is broken up, the air flow in the rotor main body is vertically fluid entering the fine particle discharging pipe, the flow speed is reduced to a certain extent, and the damage to the fine particle discharging pipe is further reduced.
Further, in the invention, the coarse, medium and fine materials are separated by utilizing the acting force of negative pressure air flow, the fine particle materials are separated from the separating structure and conveyed as finished products, a specific separating structure is not limited only, optimization is carried out and one of the possible choices is selected, a powder selecting gap is reserved between the rotor structure and the rotating space, a synchronously rotating material spreading disc is arranged at the upper part of the rotor structure, and the materials entering from the feeding structure fall on the material spreading disc and are centrifugally thrown to the periphery and then are separated from the material spreading disc. When adopting such scheme, the material that throws away from the broadcast tray whereabouts, receive centrifugal force and air current effort at the in-process of whereabouts, the power influence that thick well fine particle material received is different, and wherein the effort of the air current that fine particle material received is more obvious, and well granule material and coarse particle material receive centrifugal force effect to increase step by step, consequently realize quick separation.
Further, in the process of conveying the fine particle materials, the fine particle materials flow along with air flow and pass through the rotor main body and then reach the fine particle discharging pipe, in order to avoid the materials from directly entering the fine particle discharging pipe to influence sorting effects without sorting, the matching structure of the inner rotor main body and the fine particle discharging pipe is optimized to improve tightness, wherein the upper part of the inner rotor main body is in clearance fit with the fine particle discharging pipe, and a sealing groove structure and a sealing ring structure are arranged at the matching position. When adopting such scheme, inlayer rotor main part and fine particle discharging pipe keep the intercommunication, can avoid the material to get into between inlayer rotor main part and the fine particle discharging pipe through the screening simultaneously, or directly get into the fine particle discharging pipe, and then kept the effect of sorting and avoided blocking.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the separation of the coarse and fine materials, the falling process of the coarse, middle and fine materials can be limited, optimization is carried out and one of the possible choices is selected, wherein a material blocking structure is arranged in the powder selecting cavity and used for blocking the materials thrown out from the material throwing disc and enabling the materials to fall into the outer layer powder selecting gap. When the scheme is adopted, the material blocking structure can limit the throwing and throwing distance of the materials, so that the materials smoothly fall into the outer powder selecting gap, and the materials are scattered after being impacted by the thrown materials due to the existence of the material blocking structure, so that the materials are primarily dispersed, and the subsequent separation of coarse materials from fine materials is facilitated.
Furthermore, when the powder selecting cavity structure is arranged, the longer the falling distance of the materials is, the better the separating effect is, so that optimization is performed, and one of the possible choices is selected, wherein the powder selecting cavity is formed in the powder selecting shell, the upper part of the powder selecting shell is connected with a switching structure for accommodating a material spreading disc and a material blocking structure, a switching space is formed in the switching structure, and the material spreading disc and the material blocking structure are both positioned in the material blocking space. When the scheme is adopted, vortex is not formed in the switching structure, and centrifugal treatment is carried out on materials only through rotation of the material spreading disc, so that the materials entering from the feeding structure can fall into the material spreading disc smoothly.
Further, the material blocking structure used in the present invention is not limited only, for example, in some schemes, inclined planes may be used for blocking materials, in some schemes, conical protrusions or spherical protrusions may be used for blocking materials, and optimization is performed herein, and one possible choice is that the material blocking structure includes a material blocking lining board, and the material blocking lining board surrounds the outside of the material spreading disc and is connected end to form a cylinder shape. When adopting this scheme, cylindric fender material welt bumps with the material is nearly perpendicular, can play better effect of scattering, and the material whereabouts of also being convenient for simultaneously to reduce the material and keep off the residue on the material welt.
Further, the driving of the rotor structure from the upper part to the lower part is not limited to the only scheme, and optimization is performed herein and one of the possible options is that a top mounting shell is arranged above the switching structure, and the driving structure is arranged on the top mounting shell. When the scheme is adopted, the driving motor can be fixedly arranged on the top mounting shell, and the driving shaft extends downwards into the powder selecting cavity and drives the rotor structure to rotate.
Furthermore, the invention optimizes the matching structure of the coarse particle discharging pipe and the outer layer powder selecting gap and provides one feasible choice, wherein the coarse particle discharging pipe comprises a conical transition body, the transition body comprises a middle cone communicated with the outer layer powder selecting gap, the lower part of the middle cone is connected with a lower cone, and the middle cone is communicated with the lower cone to form an aggregate channel. When the scheme is adopted, the joint of the middle cone and the lower cone is sealed, so that leakage of materials is avoided.
Furthermore, the invention performs the same arrangement on the medium particle discharging pipe, and one of the possible choices is that the medium particle discharging pipe comprises an inner cone, the inner cone comprises an inner cone upper part communicated with the inner layer powder selecting gap, and the inner cone upper part is connected with an inner cone lower part and is communicated with the inner cone lower part to form an aggregate channel. When the scheme is adopted, the joint of the upper part of the inner cone and the lower part of the inner cone is sealed, so that leakage of materials is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention has the following partial beneficial effects:
The rotor structure adopted by the invention is divided into an outer rotor main body and an inner rotor main body, coarse, medium and fine step-by-step separation is carried out on materials, the separation effect of the materials is improved, meanwhile, the rotor structure can break up vortex flow, airflow entering the rotor structure is changed into vertical flow from vortex flow, the abrasion on the rotor structure and an airflow pipeline is reduced, and the effective service life of the powder concentrator is prolonged while the separation effect is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of a powder concentrator.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the powder concentrator.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the powder concentrator.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a powder concentrator.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the powder concentrator.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of another perspective at a rotor structure.
In the above figures, the meaning of each reference numeral is:
1. The powder selecting device comprises a powder selecting shell, 101, a powder selecting cavity, 2, a switching structure, 201, a switching space, 3, a top mounting shell, 4, a feeding structure, 5, an outer powder selecting gap, 5a, an inner powder selecting gap, 6, a spreading disc, 7, a material blocking structure, 8, an inner rotor main body, 8a, an outer rotor main body, 9, a vortex scattering structure, 10, an air guiding structure, 11, a driving motor, 12, a driving shaft, 13, a coarse particle discharging pipe, 14, a fine particle discharging pipe, 15, an oil station system, 16, a sealing ring structure, 17, a sealing groove structure and 18, a medium particle discharging pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the conditions that the powder concentrator in the prior art has an unsatisfactory material sorting effect and larger equipment loss, the following embodiment is optimized to solve the defects in the prior art.
Examples
The embodiment provides a horizontal vortex three-separation powder concentrator, which aims to ensure the powder concentration effect and prolong the service life of equipment.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, as the powder concentrator provided in this embodiment, one of the structures includes:
The powder selecting cavity 101 for separating materials is internally provided with an air guiding structure 10 for forming vortex, the middle part of the air guiding structure 10 forms a rotation space for placing a rotor structure, the upper part of the powder selecting cavity 101 is provided with a feeding structure 4 for entering materials and a fine particle discharging pipe 14, the lower part of the powder selecting cavity is provided with a coarse particle discharging pipe 13 and a medium particle discharging pipe 18, and the fine particle discharging pipe 14 is communicated with a negative pressure fan so that negative pressure is formed in the powder selecting cavity 101.
Preferably, the powder selecting chamber 101 in the present embodiment may be constructed as a cylindrical chamber.
In the embodiment, when the structure of the powder selecting cavity 101 is arranged, the longer the falling distance of the materials is, the better the separating effect is, so that optimization is performed and one of the possible choices is adopted, wherein the powder selecting cavity 101 is formed in the powder selecting shell 1, the upper part of the powder selecting shell 1 is connected with a switching structure 2 for accommodating a material spreading disc 6 and a material blocking structure 7, a switching space 201 is formed in the switching structure 2, and the material spreading disc 6 and the material blocking structure 7 are both positioned in the material blocking space. When adopting such scheme, the vortex does not form in the switching structure 2, only carries out centrifugal treatment to the material through the rotation of broadcasting disc 6, so the material of being convenient for from feeding structure 4 entering falls into smoothly broadcasting disc 6.
Preferably, the rotor body 8 is driven from the upper part downwards, the specific scheme is not limited solely, and the present embodiment is optimized and one of the possible options is that the top mounting shell 3 is disposed above the adapting structure 2, and the driving structure is disposed on the top mounting shell 3. With such a scheme, the driving motor 11 may be fixedly mounted on the top mounting case 3, and the driving shaft 12 extends downward into the powder selecting chamber 101 and drives the rotor main body 8 to rotate.
Preferably, the feeding structure 4 in this embodiment adopts a feeding pipe, and is correspondingly matched with a rolling system for providing materials, and the materials after rolling treatment enter the powder selecting cavity 101 from the feeding pipe. In this embodiment, the feeding pipe extends to the middle part of the powder selecting cavity 101, and the material is thrown and thrown out to the periphery through centrifugal force, so that the preliminary separation of the material is realized, and the separation of the material is easier to realize in the falling process.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the air guiding structure 10 used in this embodiment includes a plurality of air guiding plates vertically disposed in the powder selecting cavity 101 and uniformly spaced along the circumference to form a rotation space, wherein the plate surfaces of the air guiding plates form an included angle with the radial direction of the circumference where the air guiding plates are located, so that the air flow entering the rotation space forms a vortex.
In this embodiment, the powder concentrator is further connected to an oil station system 15, and the oil station system 15 adopts a lean oil station and provides oil-way lubrication for the powder concentrator.
As the powder selecting machine provided in this embodiment, the second structure includes:
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rotor structure comprises an inner rotor body 8 and an outer rotor body 8a which are arranged in a rotating space and are in a cage shape, an outer powder selecting gap 5 is formed between the outer rotor body 8a and an air guiding structure 10, an inner powder selecting gap 5a is formed between the outer rotor body 8a and the inner rotor body 8, rotor blades which are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference are arranged in the inner rotor body 8 and are used for throwing coarse particle materials and medium particle materials entering the inner rotor body 8 to the outside of the inner rotor body 8, a fine particle discharging pipe 14 is arranged above the inner rotor body 8 and is used for discharging fine particle materials in the inner rotor body 8, a coarse particle discharging pipe 13 is arranged at the outer side of the outer rotor body 8a and is used for receiving and discharging coarse particle materials, and a medium particle discharging pipe 18 is arranged below the outer rotor body 8a and is used for discharging medium particle materials.
In order to improve the protection of the fine particle discharging pipe 14 and reduce the abrasion of the fine particle discharging pipe 14 by the materials carried in the air flow, the air flow is restrained to reduce the abrasion of the fine particle discharging pipe 14, and the fine particle discharging pipe 14 is optimized and one of the possible choices is adopted, wherein a vortex scattering structure 9 is arranged in the inner rotor main body 8, and the vortex scattering structure 9 is used for enabling the air flow in the inner rotor main body 8 to be converted into vertical air flow from vortex air flow and enter the fine particle discharging pipe 14. When the scheme is adopted, the air flow in the inner rotor main body 8 is originally vortex, the air flow in the inner rotor main body 8 transversely flows and rubs and causes certain abrasion to the driving shaft 12 and the fine particle discharging pipe 14, after the vortex is broken up, the air flow in the inner rotor main body 8 is vertically fluid entering the fine particle discharging pipe 14, the flow speed is reduced to a certain extent, and damage to the fine particle discharging pipe 14 is further reduced.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the vortex breaking structure 9 includes a plurality of breaking blades that rotate synchronously with the rotor structure, and the rotation of the breaking blades breaks up the vortex air flow entering the inner rotor body 8, so that the air flow entering the fine particle discharging pipe 14 flows along the extending direction of the pipe.
In this embodiment, the force of the negative pressure air flow is utilized to separate coarse, medium and fine materials, separate and convey fine particle materials therefrom as finished products, and the specific separating structure is not limited only, and this embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the possible choices that the upper part of the rotor structure is provided with a synchronously rotating material spreading disc 6, and the materials entering from the feeding structure 4 fall on the material spreading disc 6 and are centrifugally thrown around and then are separated from the material spreading disc 6. When adopting such scheme, the material that throws away from the distributor 6 whereabouts, receive centrifugal force and air current effort at the in-process of whereabouts, thick well fine granule material receives the influence of power different, and wherein the effort of the air current that fine granule material received is more obvious, and well granule material and coarse granule material receive centrifugal force to increase step by step, consequently realize the quick separation of material.
In order to better separate the coarse and fine materials, the falling process of the coarse and fine materials can be limited, and the embodiment is optimized and one of the possible choices is adopted, wherein a material blocking structure 7 is arranged in the powder selecting cavity 101, and the material blocking structure 7 is used for blocking the materials thrown out from the material throwing disc 6 and enabling the materials to fall into the outer layer powder selecting gap 5. When the scheme is adopted, the material blocking structure 7 can limit the throwing and throwing distance of the materials, so that the materials smoothly fall into the powder selecting gap 5, and due to the existence of the material blocking structure 7, the thrown materials are scattered after being impacted, so that the materials are primarily dispersed, and the follow-up separation of thick and thin materials is facilitated.
The material blocking structure 7 used in this embodiment is not limited only, for example, in some schemes, inclined planes may be used for material blocking, in some schemes, conical protrusions or spherical protrusions may be used for material blocking, and this embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the possible choices that the material blocking structure 7 includes a material blocking lining board, and the material blocking lining board surrounds the outside of the material spreading disc 6 and is connected end to form a cylinder shape. When adopting this scheme, cylindric fender material welt bumps with the material is nearly perpendicular, can play better effect of scattering, and the material whereabouts of also being convenient for simultaneously to reduce the material and keep off the residue on the material welt.
In the process of conveying the fine particle materials, the fine particle materials flow along with the air flow and pass through the inner rotor main body 8 and then reach the fine particle discharging pipe 14, so that the adhesion and even blocking of the fine particle materials to the lower part of the inner rotor main body 8 are reduced, the smoothness of operation of the inner rotor main body 8 is kept, the matching structure of the inner rotor main body 8 and the fine particle discharging pipe 14 is optimized to improve the tightness, and the lower part of the inner rotor main body 8 is in clearance fit with the fine particle discharging pipe 14, and a sealing groove structure 17 and a sealing ring structure 16 are arranged at the matching position. When adopting this scheme, inlayer rotor main part 8 and fine granule discharging pipe 14 remain the intercommunication, can avoid simultaneously that the fine granule material gets into between inlayer rotor main part 8 and the fine granule discharging pipe 14, and then avoid blocking.
In this embodiment, a sealing groove is provided at the upper end of the inner rotor body 8, and the orifice of the fine particle discharge pipe 14 extends into the sealing groove to achieve a mating seal.
As the powder selecting machine provided in this embodiment, the third structure thereof includes:
The driving structure comprises a driving motor 11 and a driving shaft 12, wherein the driving shaft 12 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 11, and the driving shaft 12 is connected with the rotor structure and drives the inner rotor main body 8 and the outer rotor main body 8a to synchronously rotate.
Preferably, the driving motor 11 adopts a variable frequency motor, is connected with the driving shaft 12 through a coupling, and drives the driving shaft 12 to synchronously rotate.
Preferably, a bearing seat is arranged on the powder selecting shell, the driving shaft 12 is matched with the bearing to be arranged and rotated with the bearing seat, and a dustproof and oil-leakage-proof sealing structure, preferably a lip-shaped sealing ring in the embodiment, is arranged at the bearing seat.
In the powder concentrator disclosed in this embodiment, coarse and fine mixed materials are introduced into a powder concentrating cavity 101 through a feeding structure 4, fine particle materials are firstly sucked into an inner layer rotor main body 8 in the powder concentrating cavity 101 under negative pressure, the fine particle materials are simultaneously subjected to the action force of air flow and a certain centrifugal force, but the action force of the air flow is larger than the action force of the centrifugal force, so that the fine particle materials enter a fine particle discharging pipe 14 along with the air flow to form finished products, part of coarse particle materials entering the inner layer rotor main body 8 and middle particle materials are subjected to the action force of the centrifugal force larger than the air flow, are thrown out of the inner layer rotor main body 8 rotating at a high speed and fall into a middle particle discharging pipe 18, and most of coarse particle materials and middle particle materials entering an inner layer powder concentrating gap 5a directly fall into the middle particle discharging pipe 18, and most of coarse particle materials entering an outer layer powder concentrating gap directly fall into the coarse particle discharging pipe. Thus realizing the separation treatment of materials. The materials discharged from the coarse particle discharging pipe 13 and the medium particle discharging pipe 18 after sorting are conveyed to a roller press and other equipment again for rolling and crushing until the subsequent sorting is completed.
The above is an embodiment exemplified in this example, but this example is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and a person skilled in the art may obtain various other embodiments by any combination of the above-described embodiments, and any person may obtain various other embodiments in the light of this example. The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present embodiments, which is defined in the appended claims.