CN115719993A - Charging circuit, power supply device, charged device, charging system and chip - Google Patents
Charging circuit, power supply device, charged device, charging system and chip Download PDFInfo
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- 101100462365 Aspergillus niger (strain CBS 513.88 / FGSC A1513) otaA gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
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Abstract
The charging circuit at least comprises a charging module and a control module, wherein the charging module outputs charging current to a charging end, the charging current is controlled by a voltage difference between the control end and a power end, and the control module can control the size of an equivalent resistor between the power end and the control end, so that the control module can control the size of the voltage difference by controlling the size of the equivalent resistor, and further control the size of the charging current output by the charging module to the charging end. According to the charging circuit, the control module controls the charging current by controlling the equivalent resistance according to the voltage of the charging end, so that the charging current can be timely and accurately controlled to be constant, reduced or cut off in the process that the voltage of the charging end is gradually increased.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of charging, and in particular, to a charging circuit, a power supply device, a device to be charged, a charging system, and a chip.
Background
The charge cut-off voltage is an important parameter in the charging process of the battery, and refers to the voltage when the battery rises to the end of charging. If the battery continues to charge, i.e., is overcharged, after reaching the charge cut-off voltage, there is generally a detriment to the performance and life of the battery. Therefore, it is generally necessary to detect the charge cut-off voltage of the battery in the charging circuit in order to prevent overcharging.
The determination of the charging cut-off voltage is easily affected by the power supply voltage and the temperature, and the charging cut-off voltage of the battery cannot be accurately detected easily. In the prior art, in order to realize more accurate judgment of the charging cut-off voltage, the solution is to perform fuse trimming on the floating charge voltage at a specific voltage and temperature. However, after trimming is completed, if the power supply voltage or temperature changes, a change in the charge cut-off voltage may be caused.
Therefore, how to accurately control the magnitude of the charging current and the charge cut-off in time in the charging process becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above situation, the present invention is to provide a charging circuit, a power supply device, a device to be charged, a charging system and a chip, so as to solve the technical problems of how to accurately control the magnitude of the charging current and how to cut off the charging in time.
To this end, according to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a charging circuit, including a charging terminal for charging a battery, the charging circuit further including:
the charging module is connected between a power supply end and a charging end and is provided with a control end, and the charging module is used for converting a power supply provided by the power supply end into a charging current and outputting the charging current to the charging end, and the charging current is controlled by a voltage difference between the control end and the power supply end;
the control module is connected between power end and the module of charging and is connected to charging end and control end for the size of the equivalent resistance between control end and the control end to the size of control voltage difference, wherein:
when the voltage of the charging end is smaller than a first preset voltage, the control module controls the voltage difference to be constant so as to enable the charging current to be constant;
starting when the voltage at the self-charging end rises to a first preset voltage, the control module controls the voltage difference to gradually decrease so as to gradually decrease the charging current;
when the voltage of the charging end rises to the cut-off voltage, the control module controls the voltage difference to be reduced to a preset voltage difference threshold value so as to cut off the charging current.
In a second aspect, the present embodiment further discloses a power supply device for providing external charging power, where the power supply device includes the charging circuit of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, this embodiment further discloses a charged device, including:
an energy storage unit;
the charging circuit according to the first aspect, for controlling charging of the energy storage unit by an external power source.
In a fourth aspect, this embodiment further discloses a charging system, which includes:
a power supply device;
a charged device;
the charging circuit according to the first aspect, configured to control a power supply device to charge a device to be charged;
the charging circuit is arranged in the power supply device or the charged device.
[ PROBLEMS ] the present invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a charging circuit, which at least comprises a charging module and a control module, wherein the charging module outputs charging current to a charging terminal, the magnitude of the charging current is controlled by the voltage difference between a control terminal and a power terminal, and the control module can control the magnitude of an equivalent resistor between the power terminal and the control terminal, so that the control module can control the magnitude of the voltage difference by controlling the magnitude of the equivalent resistor, and further control the magnitude of the charging current output to the charging terminal by the charging module. When the voltage of the battery is lower, namely when the voltage of the charging end is smaller than the first preset voltage, the control module controls the equivalent resistor to be constant, so that the voltage difference is kept constant, the charging current is kept constant and the current is larger, and the battery is charged quickly. The voltage of the battery is gradually increased along with the charging, once the voltage of the charging end is increased to the first preset voltage, the charging current controls the equivalent resistor to gradually decrease, so that the voltage difference is gradually decreased, the charging current is gradually decreased, and the battery is charged at a relatively slow speed. As the charging continues, once the voltage of the battery rises to the cut-off voltage, that is, the voltage of the charging terminal rises to the cut-off voltage, the control module controls the equivalent resistance to decrease to the preset resistance threshold value to cause the magnitude of the voltage difference to decrease to the preset voltage difference threshold value, so that the charging current decreases to zero, and the charging is stopped. Therefore, the control module can timely and accurately control the constant, reduction or cut-off of the charging current in the process that the voltage of the charging end is gradually increased by controlling the equivalent resistance and then controlling the charging current according to the voltage of the charging end.
Other advantages of the present invention will be described in the detailed description, which is provided by the technical features and technical solutions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first circuit diagram of a charging circuit disclosed in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a second circuit diagram of the charging circuit disclosed in the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be connected through the inside of the two elements, or may be connected wirelessly or through a wire. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In order to accurately control the magnitude of the charging current in time and control the charging cut-off in time when the charging voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, a charging circuit is disclosed in this embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, where fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit disclosed in this embodiment. The charging circuit includes a current source module 300, a charging terminal B for charging the battery, a charging module 100 and a control module 200. The charging module 100 is connected to the battery through the charging terminal B to charge the battery. Note that the battery in this embodiment refers to an element having an electric energy storage function. In the charging circuit disclosed in the present embodiment:
the charging module 100 is connected between a power source terminal VDD and a charging terminal B, and the charging module 100 has a control terminal C for converting a power source provided by the power source terminal VDD into a charging current to be output to the charging terminal B, and the charging current is controlled by a voltage difference between the control terminal C and the power source terminal VDD. When the voltage difference between the control end C and the power end VDD is kept constant, the magnitude of the charging current is also kept constant; when the voltage difference between the control terminal C and the power terminal VDD changes, the magnitude of the charging current also changes accordingly. For example, the voltage difference and the magnitude of the charging current may be positively or negatively correlated. In one embodiment, the voltage difference is positively correlated to the magnitude of the charging current.
The control module 200 is connected between the power source terminal VDD and the charging module 100, and is connected to the charging terminal B and the control terminal C, and is configured to control the magnitude of the equivalent resistance between the power source terminal VDD and the control terminal C, so as to control the magnitude of the voltage difference. When the equivalent resistance between the power supply end VDD and the control end C is kept constant, the voltage difference between the control end C and the power supply end VDD is also kept constant; when the equivalent resistance between the power source terminal VDD and the control terminal C changes, the voltage difference between the control terminal C and the power source terminal VDD also changes accordingly, and the magnitude of the charging current also changes accordingly. For example, the voltage difference and the magnitude of the charging current may be positively or negatively correlated. In a specific embodiment, the voltage difference is positively correlated to the magnitude of the charging current.
Specifically, when the battery power is low, the voltage of the charging terminal B is lower than the first preset voltage, and is in the constant current charging stage. The control module 200 controls the equivalent resistance between the power source terminal VDD and the control terminal C to be constant, thereby making the voltage difference constant, so that the charging current is large and constant, thereby rapidly charging the battery.
Along with the gradual increase of the battery capacity, the voltage of the charging terminal B can be increased to the first preset voltage, and a constant voltage charging stage is entered. When the voltage of the charging terminal B rises to the first predetermined voltage, the control module 200 controls the equivalent resistance between the power terminal VDD and the control terminal C to gradually decrease, so that the voltage difference is gradually decreased, and the charging current is gradually decreased, and the charging module 100 charges the battery with the gradually decreased charging current.
As the battery capacity continues to increase, when the voltage at the charging terminal B reaches a cut-off voltage, the charging cut-off stage is entered, and the control module 200 controls the equivalent resistance to decrease to the preset resistance threshold, so that the voltage difference decreases to the preset voltage difference threshold, the charging current is cut off, and the charging module 100 stops charging the battery. It should be noted that the resistance threshold may be 0 or any other predetermined resistance value, and the voltage difference threshold may be 0 or any other predetermined voltage value.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a charging circuit, which at least comprises a charging module 100 and a control module 200, wherein the charging module 100 outputs charging current to a charging terminal B, the magnitude of the charging current is controlled by the voltage difference between a control terminal C and a power supply terminal, and the control module 200 can control the magnitude of an equivalent resistance between the power supply terminal C and the control terminal C, so that the control module 200 can control the magnitude of the voltage difference by controlling the magnitude of the equivalent resistance, and further control the magnitude of the charging current output to the charging terminal B by the charging module 100. When the voltage of the battery is low, that is, when the voltage of the charging terminal B is lower than the first preset voltage, the control module 200 controls the equivalent resistor to have a constant value, so as to keep the voltage difference constant, so that the charging current is kept constant and the current is large, thereby charging the battery more quickly. As the charging process proceeds, the voltage of the battery gradually increases, and once the voltage of the charging terminal B increases to the first preset voltage, the charging current controls the equivalent resistor to gradually decrease, so as to cause the voltage difference to gradually decrease, thereby gradually decreasing the charging current, and performing relatively slow charging on the battery. As the charging process continues, once the battery voltage rises to the cut-off voltage, that is, the voltage of the charging terminal B rises to the cut-off voltage, the control module 200 controls the equivalent resistance to decrease to the preset resistance threshold, so as to cause the voltage difference to decrease to the preset voltage difference threshold, so that the charging current decreases to zero, and the charging stops. It can be seen that, the control module 200 can timely and accurately control the constant, decrease or cut-off of the charging current in the process of gradually increasing the voltage of the charging terminal B by controlling the equivalent resistance and then controlling the charging current according to the voltage of the charging terminal B.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 1 is a second circuit diagram of the charging circuit disclosed in the present embodiment. In the embodiment of the present invention, the charging module 100 includes a mirror sub-module 110 and a voltage acquisition sub-module 232. The mirror sub-module 110 includes a mirrored branch 112 and a mirror branch 111 controlled by the control terminal C. The mirror branch 111 is connected between the power supply terminal VDD and the charging terminal B, and is configured to output a charging current to the charging terminal B.
Through the design of the mirror image branch 111 and the mirrored image branch 112, the control module 200 can not only control the magnitude of the charging current through the control terminal C, but also ensure the stability and the control accuracy of the charging current through the mirror image principle, and can also influence the magnitude of the charging current provided by the mirror image branch 111 to the charging terminal B through controlling the magnitude of the current of the mirrored image branch 112, thereby further ensuring the control fineness and the stability of the charging current.
In some embodiments, the voltage collecting submodule 232 is connected in series between the power source terminal VDD and the ground by the mirror branch 112 and the voltage collecting submodule 232 in sequence, for generating a mirror current mirrored by the mirror branch 111, and one end of the voltage collecting submodule 232 far away from the ground forms a voltage collecting terminal a. The control module 200 is connected to the voltage acquisition terminal a, so that the control module 200 can acquire the voltage information of the voltage acquisition terminal a in time, and the charging current can be accurately obtained according to the voltage information of the voltage acquisition terminal a, thereby further improving the accuracy of controlling the charging current.
In some embodiments, the charging module 100 further comprises a clamping module 250, and the clamping module 250 is connected between the low potential terminal D and the charging terminal B of the mirrored branch 112 for clamping the voltage of the low potential terminal D and the voltage of the charging terminal B. The clamping module 250 is arranged, so that the potential of the low potential end D of the mirrored branch 112 can be effectively kept consistent with that of the charging end B, and the consistency of the charging current and the mirror current is also ensured, thereby further improving the accuracy of controlling the charging current.
In some embodiments, mirrored branch 112 includes transistor M9, mirrored branch 111 includes transistor M10, voltage acquisition submodule 232 includes resistor R2, and clamp module 250 includes amplifier OTA2 and transistor M11. The control end of the transistor M9 and the control end of the transistor M10 are both connected to the control end C, the first electrode of the transistor M9 and the first electrode of the transistor M10 are both connected to the power supply end VDD, and the second electrode of the transistor M9 is also the low potential end D; the positive input end of the amplifier OTA2 is simultaneously connected with the first pole of the transistor M11 and the low potential end D, and the reverse input end of the amplifier OTA2 is connected with the second pole of the transistor M10 and the charging end B; the second pole of the transistor M11 is grounded through the resistor R2, and a common connection point of the transistor M11 and the resistor R2 is a voltage collecting terminal a.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the charging circuit further includes a voltage sampling module 400, and the voltage sampling module 400 is connected between the charging terminal B and the ground GND, and is configured to divide and sample the voltage of the charging terminal B to obtain a sampled voltage.
The voltage of the charging end B is subjected to partial pressure sampling, the sampling voltage of the battery can be obtained in a partial pressure sampling mode, the sampling voltage is associated with the proportion of a plurality of divider resistors instead of being associated with the absolute value of the divider resistors, the influence of the power supply voltage and the temperature on the sampling resistors is offset through the relative relation of the divider resistors, the influence of the temperature, the power supply voltage and other factors on the detection of the sampling voltage is avoided, and the accuracy of the detection of the sampling voltage is improved. Therefore, the voltage sampling module 400 disclosed in this embodiment can avoid the influence of the temperature and the power supply voltage, thereby improving the accuracy of detecting the voltage of the charging terminal B.
In a specific embodiment, the voltage sampling module 400 includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 connected in series, and a common connection node E between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is connected to the control module 200 to enable the control module 200 to receive information of the sampled voltage.
In a specific embodiment, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are the same type of resistor, so that the influence of the temperature and the power supply voltage on the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is consistent in the same environment, the influence of the temperature and other factors on the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 can be almost completely offset, and the influence of the power supply voltage, the temperature and other factors on the charging cut-off voltage is also avoided.
For example, the resistance ratio of the resistor R3 to the resistor R4 is 1: when the resistance value of the resistor R3 is 1.2 times the original resistance value due to the change of temperature and other factors, the resistance value of the resistor R4 is 1.2 times the original resistance value because the resistor R4 is also under the same influence factor, and the resistance ratio between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is still 1:1. the sampling voltage is only related to the resistance value proportion of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 and is unrelated to the respective resistance values of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, so that the sampling voltage is not influenced by factors such as temperature and the like, the accuracy of detecting the sampling voltage is ensured, and the accuracy of controlling the charging current is further ensured.
In the present embodiment, the control module 200 includes a resistance variable module 210, a constant current source module 220, and a resistance control module 240. The resistance variable module 210 is connected between the power end VDD and the control end C, the resistance of the resistance variable module 210 is a variable resistance, and the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210 is a voltage difference. The resistance of the resistance variable module 210 is an equivalent resistance between the power source terminal VDD and the control terminal C, and the resistance of the resistance variable module 210 is in positive correlation or negative correlation with the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210. In the embodiment of the present invention, the current from the power terminal VDD flows to the control terminal C through the resistance variable module 210.
In the present embodiment, the constant current source module 220 is connected between the control terminal C and the ground GND for keeping the current flowing from the power source VDD to the control terminal C through the resistance variable module 210 constant. In a particular embodiment, the constant current source module 220 includes a current source Icom.
Since the constant current source module 220 can ensure that the current flowing from the power source VDD to the control terminal C through the resistance variable module 210 is kept constant, the current flowing through the resistance variable module 210 is also kept constant, and thus the direct proportional relationship between the resistance of the resistance variable module 210 and the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210 is ensured. When the resistance of the resistance variable module 210 is constant, the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210 is also kept constant, so that the control terminal voltage of the mirror branch 111 and the control terminal voltage of the mirrored branch 112 are both kept constant, and the mirror current and the charging current are both kept constant; when the resistance of the resistance variable module 210 becomes smaller, the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210 is caused to decrease, and further the control terminal voltages of the mirror branch 111 and the mirrored branch 112 are caused to gradually increase, so that the charging current is caused to gradually decrease.
In some embodiments, the resistance control module 240 is connected between the charging module 100 and the resistance variable module 210, and is configured to control the variable resistance to decrease from the beginning of the voltage increase at the charging terminal B to the first preset voltage, and to make the magnitude of the variable resistance positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. The resistance control module controls the resistance of the resistance control module 240 according to the voltage of the charging terminal B and the charging current, so as to control the charging current, and the control of the charging current can be associated with the charging current and the voltage of the charging terminal B, so that the problem that the voltage of the charging terminal B is too high or too low can be effectively avoided, and the accuracy and the safety of the charging current control are further improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistance variable module 210 includes a first shunt branch 211 and a second shunt branch 212 respectively connected between the power source terminal VDD and the control terminal C, and the first shunt branch 211 and the second shunt branch 212 are connected in parallel. When the voltage of the charging terminal B is less than the first preset voltage, the first shunt branch 211 is fully turned on and the second shunt branch 212 is turned off, and the variable resistor is kept constant, so that the voltage difference is kept constant, and thus the charging current is kept constant. When the voltage from the charging terminal B rises to the first predetermined voltage, the first shunt branch 211 is gradually turned off and the second shunt branch 212 is gradually turned on, so that the variable resistance is gradually decreased, the voltage difference is gradually decreased, and the charging current is also gradually decreased. When the voltage of the charging terminal B rises to the cut-off voltage, the first shunt branch 211 is completely disconnected and the second shunt branch 212 is completely turned on, so that the variable resistor is reduced to the preset resistor threshold, the voltage difference is reduced to the preset voltage threshold, and the voltage at the control terminal of the mirror branch 111 is increased, that is, the voltage difference between the control terminal of the transistor M10 and the first electrode is smaller than the turn-on voltage of the transistor M10, so that the transistor M10 is disconnected, the charging current is cut off, and the charging is cut off.
In a specific embodiment, the first shunting branch 211 includes a transistor M8, the second shunting branch 212 includes a transistor M6, and the specific resistance of the transistor M8 and the specific resistance of the transistor M6 can be set according to actual parameters of the transistor M9 and the transistor M10, as long as it is satisfied that the on-resistance of the transistor M6 is smaller than the on-resistance of the transistor M8, so that the voltage difference when the transistor M6 is fully turned on and the transistor M8 is fully turned off is smaller than the turn-on voltage of the transistor M10.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the resistance control module 240 includes a first shunt control submodule 241 and a second shunt control submodule 242. The first shunt control submodule 241 is connected between the current sampling end a and the control end of the first shunt branch 211; the second shunt control submodule 242 is connected between the charging terminal B and the control terminal of the second shunt branch 212 and is connected to the first preset voltage. It should be noted that the second shunt control submodule 242 may be directly connected to the charging terminal B or connected to the charging terminal B through the voltage sampling module 400. In the preferred embodiment, the second shunt control sub-module 242 is connected to the charging terminal B through the voltage sampling module 400, i.e. the charging terminal B.
When the voltage from the charging terminal B rises to the first preset voltage, the second shunt control submodule 242 controls the second shunt branch 212 to be gradually turned on, so that the variable resistance is gradually reduced, resulting in a reduction of the mirror current, so as to cause the first shunt control submodule 241 to control the first shunt branch 211 to be gradually turned off, so that the variable resistance is reduced to a preset resistance threshold.
In a specific embodiment, the first shunt control sub-module 241 includes a transconductance amplifier OTA3, an inverting input terminal of the transconductance amplifier OTA3 is connected to the current sampling terminal a to receive a voltage of the current sampling terminal a, and a forward input terminal of the transconductance amplifier OTA3 receives a second reference voltage VREF _ CC. When the battery has less electric quantity and is in a constant current charging stage, the charging current is larger, the mirror current is correspondingly larger at the moment, the voltage of the current sampling end A is also larger, and when the voltage of the current sampling end A is consistent with the second reference voltage VREF _ CC, the transconductance amplifier OTA3 controls the transistor M8 to be completely conducted; when the battery capacity gradually increases and enters a constant voltage charging stage, and when the charging current gradually decreases, the mirror current correspondingly gradually decreases, and the voltage of the current sampling terminal a also gradually decreases, so that the conduction capability of the transistor M8 controlled by the transconductance amplifier OTA3 gradually decreases.
In a specific embodiment, the second shunt control sub-module 242 includes a transconductance amplifier OTA1, a inverting input terminal of the transconductance amplifier OTA1 is connected to the common connection node E to receive the sampled voltage, and a forward input terminal of the transconductance amplifier OTA1 receives the first reference voltage VREF _ CV. When the battery has less electric quantity and is in a constant current charging stage, the voltage of the charging end B is lower, the sampling voltage is smaller, the sampling voltage is far smaller than a first reference voltage VREF _ CV, and the transconductance amplifier OTA1 controls the transistor M6 to be completely disconnected; when the battery electric quantity gradually increases and enters a constant voltage charging stage, the sampling voltage gradually increases, the conduction capability of the transistor M6 controlled by the transconductance amplifier OTA1 is gradually enhanced, and the transistor M6 shunts the transistor M8; when the battery power rises to the cut-off voltage, the transconductance amplifier OTA1 controls the transistor M6 to be completely turned on, and the transconductance amplifier OTA3 controls the transistor M8 to be completely turned off, so that the transistor M6 shorts the transistor M8. The on resistance of the transistor M6 is smaller than that of the transistor M8, and then the equivalent resistance when the transistor M6 is completely turned on and the transistor M8 is completely turned off is smaller than that when the transistor M8 is completely turned on and the transistor M6 is completely turned off, that is, the voltage difference when the transistor M6 is completely turned on and the transistor M8 is completely turned off is smaller than that when the transistor M8 is completely turned on and the transistor M6 is completely turned off. It can be seen that from the time when the transistor M8 is completely turned on and the transistor M6 is completely turned off to the time when the transistor M6 is completely turned on and the transistor M8 is completely turned off, the equivalent resistance is gradually reduced, the voltage difference is also gradually reduced, the on-capacities of the transistor M9 and the transistor M10 are gradually weakened, the mirror current and the charging current are both gradually reduced, until the voltage of the charging terminal B is increased to the off-voltage, the transistor M9 and the transistor M10 are completely turned off, the mirror current and the charging current are both reduced to zero, and the charging is turned off.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit further includes a current source module 300, and the current source module 300 is configured to provide the operating current to the resistance control module 240.
In a particular embodiment, the current source module 300 includes a current source submodule 320 and a tail current submodule 310. The current source submodule 320 is used for generating a stable reference current; the tail current sub-module 310 is used to mirror the reference current to provide the bias current required for operation of the control module 200 to the control module 200.
In a particular embodiment, the tail current submodule 310 includes a first tail current branch 311 and a second tail current branch 312. The first tail current branch 311 is configured to mirror a reference current to obtain and provide a first bias current It1 to the first shunt control submodule 241; the second tail current branch 312 is used to mirror the reference current to derive and provide a second bias current It2 to the second shunt control sub-module 242.
In summary, the current source submodule 320 generates a stable reference current, the first tail current branch 311 and the second tail current branch 312 mirror the reference current to obtain a stable first bias current It1 and a stable second bias current It2, the transconductance amplifier OTA1 receives the first bias current It1 to enable the transconductance amplifier OTA1 to control the conduction capability of the transistor M6, and the transconductance amplifier OTA3 receives the second bias current It2 to enable the transconductance amplifier OTA3 to control the conduction capability of the transistor M8.
When the battery capacity is low, the voltage of the charging end B is smaller than a first preset voltage, the sampling voltage is far smaller than a second reference voltage VREF _ CV, and the transconductance amplifier OTA1 controls the transistor M6 to be completely disconnected; at this time, the voltage of the current sampling terminal a is consistent with the first reference voltage VREF _ CC, and the transconductance amplifier OTA3 controls the transistor M8 to be completely turned on. In this constant current charging phase, the transistor M6 is kept completely off and the transistor M8 is kept completely on, so that the equivalent resistance is not changed, and the current of the constant current source Icom is constant and completely flows through the transistor M8, so that the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210 is kept constant, that is, the voltage difference is kept constant, so that the conduction capacities of the transistor M9 and the transistor M10 are constant, and the mirror current and the charging current are both kept constant.
As the battery power gradually increases, until the voltage of the charging terminal B increases to the first preset voltage, and the voltage from the charging terminal B reaches the first preset voltage, the sampling voltage gradually approaches the second reference voltage VREF _ CV, the transconductance amplifier OTA1 controls the transistor M6 to be gradually turned on, so that a part of the current of the constant current source Icom flows through the transistor M6, and since the transistor M6 is connected in parallel with the transistor M8, the equivalent resistance gradually decreases, so that the voltage drop across the voltage drop resistance variable module 210 of the resistance variable module 210, that is, the voltage difference gradually decreases, so that the conduction capabilities of the transistor M9 and the transistor M10 are weakened, and the mirror current and the charging current are both gradually decreased; in addition, the voltage at the current sampling terminal a is also gradually decreased, so that the transconductance amplifier OTA3 gradually decreases the conduction capability of the transistor M8, so that the current flowing through the transistor M8 is further gradually decreased and the current flowing through the transistor M6 is gradually increased. In this constant-voltage charging phase, the transistor M6 is gradually turned on and the transistor M8 is gradually turned off, so that the equivalent resistance is gradually reduced, and the current of the constant current source Icom is constant in magnitude and flows through the transistor M6 and the transistor M8, so that the voltage difference is kept constant, and the mirror current and the charging current are both gradually reduced.
As the battery capacity continues to rise, when the voltage of the charging terminal B rises to the cut-off voltage, the sampling voltage rises to be consistent with the second reference voltage VREF _ CV, and the transconductance amplifier OTA1 controls the transistor M6 to be completely turned on; at this time, the voltage of the current sampling terminal a is much smaller than the first reference voltage VREF _ CC, the transconductance amplifier OTA3 controls the transistor M8 to be completely turned off, so that the current of the constant current source Icom completely flows through the transistor M6. At this charge cut-off stage, the transistor M6 is fully turned on and the transistor M8 is fully turned off, so that the equivalent resistance is reduced to the resistance threshold, and the voltage drop across the resistance variable module 210 is reduced to the voltage difference threshold, that is, the voltage difference is reduced to the voltage difference threshold, and further the transistor M9 and the transistor M10 cannot be turned on, and then the mirror current and the charging current are both reduced to zero, so that the charging is immediately cut off.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses power supply equipment, which is used for providing a charging power supply for the outside and comprises the charging circuit.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a charged device, which comprises an energy storage unit and a charging circuit. The charging circuit is used for controlling an external power supply to charge the energy storage unit.
In a particular embodiment, the charged device is a headset and/or a headset charging box.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a charging system, which comprises power supply providing equipment and charged equipment, wherein the charging circuit is arranged in the power supply providing equipment or the charged equipment.
The charging circuit is used for controlling the power supply device to charge the charged device.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a chip for controlling charging, which comprises the charging circuit.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described preferred embodiments may be freely combined, superimposed, without conflict.
It will be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative only and not restrictive, and that various obvious or equivalent modifications and substitutions for details shown and described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the basic principles of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A charging circuit comprising a current source module and a charging terminal (B) for charging a battery, the charging circuit further comprising:
a charging module (100) connected between a power source terminal (VDD) and the charging terminal (B) and having a control terminal (C) for converting a power source provided by the power source terminal (VDD) into a charging current and outputting the charging current to the charging terminal (B), wherein the charging current is controlled by a voltage difference between the control terminal (C) and the power source terminal (VDD);
a control module (200) connected between the power source terminal (VDD) and the charging module (100) and connected to the charging terminal (B) and the control terminal (C), for controlling the magnitude of the equivalent resistance between the power source terminal (VDD) and the control terminal (C) to control the magnitude of the voltage difference, wherein:
when the voltage of the charging terminal (B) is less than a first preset voltage, the control module (200) controls the voltage difference to be constant so that the charging current is constant;
the control module (200) controls the voltage difference to gradually decrease from the beginning of the voltage rise of the charging terminal (B) to a first preset voltage so as to gradually decrease the charging current;
when the voltage of the charging terminal (B) rises to a cut-off voltage, the control module (200) controls the voltage difference to be reduced to a preset voltage difference threshold value so as to cut off the charging current.
2. A charging circuit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the charging module (100) comprises:
a mirror submodule (110) comprising a mirrored branch (112) and a mirror branch (111) controlled by said control terminal (C); the mirror branch (111) is connected between the power supply terminal (VDD) and the charging terminal (B) and is configured to output the charging current to the charging terminal (B);
the voltage acquisition submodule (232) and the mirrored branch (112) are sequentially connected in series between the power supply end (VDD) and the ground, and used for generating a mirror current mirrored by the mirroring branch (111); one end of the voltage acquisition submodule (232) far away from the ground forms a voltage acquisition end (A).
3. The charging circuit according to claim 2, wherein the charging module (100) further comprises a clamping module (250), the clamping module (250) being connected between the low potential terminal (D) of the mirrored branch (112) and the charging terminal (B) for clamping a voltage of the low potential terminal (D) and a voltage of the charging terminal (B).
4. A charging circuit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said control module (200) comprises:
the resistance variable module (210) is connected between the power supply end (VDD) and the control end (C), the resistance of the resistance variable module (210) is a variable resistance, and the voltage drop on the resistance variable module (210) is the voltage difference;
a constant current source module (220) connected between the control terminal (C) and Ground (GND) for keeping constant a current flowing from the power supply terminal (VDD) to the control terminal (C) through the resistance variable module (210);
and a resistance control module (240) connected between the charging module (100) and the resistance variable module (210) and used for controlling the variable resistance to be reduced from the beginning of the voltage rise of the charging terminal (B) to a first preset voltage, and enabling the variable resistance to be positively correlated with the charging current.
5. A charging circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that said resistance variable module (210) comprises a first shunt branch (211) and a second shunt branch (212) connected respectively between said power supply terminal (VDD) and said control terminal (C);
when the voltage of the charging terminal (B) is less than a first preset voltage, the first shunt branch (211) is completely switched on and the second shunt branch (212) is switched off, and the variable resistor is kept constant;
starting from the voltage of the charging terminal (B) rising to a first preset voltage, the first shunt branch (211) is gradually disconnected and the second shunt branch (212) is gradually conducted, so that the variable resistance is gradually reduced;
when the voltage of the charging terminal (B) rises to a cut-off voltage, the first shunt branch (211) is disconnected and the second shunt branch (212) is completely conducted, so that the variable resistance is reduced to a preset resistance threshold value.
6. The charging circuit of claim 5, wherein the resistance control module (240) comprises:
a first shunt control submodule (241) connected between a current sampling terminal (A) and a control terminal of the first shunt branch (211);
a second shunt control submodule (242) connected between the charging terminal (B) and the control terminal of the second shunt branch (212) and connected to the first predetermined voltage;
starting from the voltage of the charging terminal (B) rising to a first preset voltage, the second shunt control submodule (242) controls the second shunt branch (212) to be gradually turned on so as to gradually reduce the variable resistance, and then the mirror current is reduced, so that the first shunt control submodule (241) controls the first shunt branch (211) to be gradually turned off so as to reduce the variable resistance to a preset resistance threshold value.
7. The charging circuit according to claim 6, further comprising a voltage sampling module (400), wherein the voltage sampling module (400) is connected between the charging terminal (B) and Ground (GND) for sampling the voltage of the charging terminal (B) to obtain a sampled voltage.
8. The charging circuit according to claim 7, wherein the constant current source module (220) comprises a current source Icom, the first shunt control sub-module (241) comprises an amplifier OTA1, an inverting input terminal of the amplifier OTA1 is connected to the current sampling terminal (a); the voltage sampling module (400) comprises a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 which are connected in series, and a common connection node (E) between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is connected with the second shunt control submodule (242).
9. The charging circuit of claim 7, further comprising:
a current source sub-module (320) for generating a stable reference current;
a tail current sub-module (310) for mirroring the reference current to provide the control module (200) with a bias current required for operation of the control module (200).
10. The charging circuit of claim 9, wherein the tail current submodule (310) includes:
a first tail current branch (311) for mirroring the reference current to obtain and provide a first bias current to the first shunt control sub-module (241);
a second tail current branch (312) for mirroring the reference current to derive and provide a second bias current to the second shunt control submodule (242).
11. A power supply device for supplying charging power to the outside, characterized in that the power supply device comprises a charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-10.
12. A charged device, comprising:
an energy storage unit;
a charging circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, for controlling charging of the energy storage unit from an external power source.
13. A charged device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the charged device is an earphone and/or an earphone charging box.
14. An electrical charging system, comprising:
a power supply device;
a charged device;
the charging circuit of any one of claims 1-10, configured to control a power supply device to charge a device to be charged;
the charging circuit is provided in the power supply device or the charged device.
15. A chip for controlling charging, comprising a charging circuit according to any of claims 1-10.
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| CN202310031443.6A CN115719993B (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Charging circuit, power supply device, charged device, charging system and chip |
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| CN202310031443.6A CN115719993B (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Charging circuit, power supply device, charged device, charging system and chip |
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| CN115719993B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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